Anupam Dikshit - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Anupam Dikshit

Developments in Plant Pathology, 1997

New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Tropical Agriculture, 2002

In vitro screening of some essential oils against Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht and F. udum Butler ... more In vitro screening of some essential oils against Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht and F. udum Butler which cause wilt diseases of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] revealed that the oil of Trachyspermum ammi (ajowain) was a strong fungitoxicant. The toxicity of the oil was found to be fungicidal at 0.1 %, which inhibited heavy doses of inocula (25 fungal discs, each of 5-mm diameter) and killed the test pathogen in just 2-3 s. The oil's activity was found to be thermostable up to 80°C and autoclavable at 15 pounds per square inch pressure. The oil exhibited broad antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata (FR.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, A. parasiticus Speare, Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresenius) de vries, Colletotrichum capsici (Syd.) Butler & Bisby, C. falcatum Went, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Helminthosporium maydis Nisikado & Miyakel, H. oryzae Breda de Haan, Penicillium implicatum Biourge, P. italicum Wehmer, and P. minio-luteum Dierckx, and was ...

Current Botany, 2021

For increased crop production, the role of chemical termititoxicant cannot be neglected as they h... more For increased crop production, the role of chemical termititoxicant cannot be neglected as they have provided the efficient way to achieve green revolution. But the present scenario has forced mankind to search for alternative options. While keeping in mind the concept of sustainable agriculture, pest management including termites and other phyto-diseases etc. needs to be focused. For the achievement of the above stated goal, eco-friendly and cost-effective strategies need to be emphasized. Biopesticidal agents that mainly comprise of herbal and microbial formulations are known to exhibit anti termite activity and have a pivotal role in the production of organic food products. In order to reduce the chemical consumption, the vast area of biological alternatives needs to be explored as they provide us with many beneficial aspects like sustainability, suitable application, biodegradable nature, target specificity etc. Further, the bioactive components of such biological agents can lat...

... DIKSHIT, KP SINGH* and PK CHAUDHURI* Department of Botany, University of Allahabad,Allahabad,... more ... DIKSHIT, KP SINGH* and PK CHAUDHURI* Department of Botany, University of Allahabad,Allahabad, India. ... Thanks are due to Instrumentation Section of Calcutta University for providing necessary spectral ... 9. Mac Rae, WD & Towers, GHN (1985) Phytochemistry 24: 561. 10. ...

Introduction of new antifungal compounds has increased the demand for method of in vitro testing.... more Introduction of new antifungal compounds has increased the demand for method of in vitro testing. The present study has proposed a new method of studying antifungal activity of different compounds by using 96 well plates. The infection by different species of Malassezia is quite common in tropical country like India. Malassezia being a eukaryote, the treatments against it may also adversely affect the patient. Hence, as an alternative, cheap, affordable, ecofriendly, botanicals may be used. In this background, a comparative study on the efficacy of synthetic ingredients (on the basis of their performance in the market) and botanicals was carried out in-vitro against Malassezia furfur (MTCC 1765) . Evaluation of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of two standard antifungal drugs (Ketoconazole and Fluconazole) available in the market against Malassezia furfur and their comparison with botanicals Â was done Â using Â broth microdilution method Â recommended by Clinical Labora...

ABSTRACT Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are originally defined as root-colonizing ba... more ABSTRACT Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are originally defined as root-colonizing bacteria that cause either plant growth promotion or biological control of plant diseases. Two isolates of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) which were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum cineraefolium) designated as MA-2 and MA-4 and identified as Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens on the basis of cultural as well as biochemical testing. Isolate MA-2 (Bacillus subtilis) and MA-4 (Pseudomonas fluorescens) showed 39.5%, 44.8% growth inhibition over control against Alternaria alternata respectively. Therefore, these bacteria could be used as biological control of leaf blight disease of Salvia officinalis L.

Indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides to control plant diseases poses serious ecological pro... more Indiscriminate use of synthetic pesticides to control plant diseases poses serious ecological problems. Biocontrol agents, on the other hand, not only control diseases effectively, but are also ecofriendly. In the present project, the ability of Trichoderma harzianum Benth. to parasitize Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. was evaluated. The latter pathogens are known to cause serious damping-off of seedlings and wilt of some agricultural crops, respectively. Vigna radiata (Moorg) seeds were pre-colonized with R. solani and S. rolfsii separately and placed on the surface of pot soil. A control constituted pathogens inoculated separately without T. harzianum. After four days, sclerotia appeared on the mycelia of both S. rolfsii and R. solani, and after six days, T. harzianum had begun to colonize the sclerotia. In control sets, there was no colonization. Surface-sterilized sclerotia grown on potato dextrose agar from the treated pots showed no growth and after six d...

Agronomic practices and agricultural goods can be only compete with growing populations. Better c... more Agronomic practices and agricultural goods can be only compete with growing populations. Better crop productivity as well as transparency in market are essential for any farmer’s business model. In modern agriculture system, the use of chemicals to fertilize soils and plants is widespread. Such compounds are also used to kill phytopathogens and several plant pests that are limiting factors to optimum productivity. There is an estimation of the increasing world population expected to be approximately 10 billion in the coming three to four decades for fulfilling the demands of growing populations; it needs to improve the agronomic products as well as agriculture practices to encounter the demand of this growing population. Apart from this, another focusing area is to increase agricultural products with high quality. Generally, significant damage to crop production is carried out by many diseases caused by several groups of phytopathogens, namely, bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc., which ...

Heavy Metal Toxicity in Plants

Role of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture and Nanotechnology

Abstract The continuous increase in the human population is creating too much stress on existing ... more Abstract The continuous increase in the human population is creating too much stress on existing resources of food, fuel, and raw materials. To meet the demand, agriculture practices are using intensive amounts of chemical-based fertilizers and pesticides, which ultimately leads to land degradation and biodiversity loss. Microbes associated with plants can be used to overcome problems related to soil salinity, fertility, degradation, and habitat loss. The application of several microbes—like the plant growth-promoting microorganism cyanobacteria and the mycorrhizal fungus—in agricultural practices has shown to be beneficial for plant growth and development. These microorganisms are also useful for land reclamation. This chapter discusses the benefits of utilizing beneficial soil microbes (BSMs) in the agriculture sector to maintain crop productivity along with the fertility of soil. Additionally, the ways in BSMs can be used for the sustainability of the environment is also discussed.

Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies

Nanotechnology has an increasingly large impact on a wide range of industries, but its current us... more Nanotechnology has an increasingly large impact on a wide range of industries, but its current use in the production of electricity and heat from biomass is limited. The potential impact of nanotechnology on bioenergy production through a literature review and interviews with industry members. Current technologies and methods in use were reviewed, with a focus on fuel handling and combustion systems. Areas in which problems existed were identified and nanotechnologies with properties relevant to those problems were examined. Basic economic analyses were also performed to determine the conditions for the economic viability of the nanotechnology solutions. Biodiesel can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels and successful studies have been carried out in different applications. Butchery wastes were used for the production of hydrocarbon gases and biodiesel. The economics of this novel process is much more cost competitive due to the cheap raw material (butchery waste) that contains high levels of fatty acids. Photocatalysis gave hydrocarbons of prime importance. The study reported an interesting finding that butchery waste could be used for not only the production of biodiesel but also for hydrocarbons. This technology differs from others in that it uses low energy input, cheap and reusable catalyst, with low sulfur and nitrogenous waste gases than petro-diesel and is environment-friendly.

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter

Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand is a medicinally and economically important woody shrub used to... more Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand is a medicinally and economically important woody shrub used to cure various diseases. In the present study, for the first time, we have identified and validated expressed sequence tag (EST)-simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from C. procera and studied the cross-species transferability of the selected markers. We have identified 34,355 potential EST-SSRs from C. procera and classified them based on the type of repeat motifs and Gene Ontology (GO) annotation. Virtual primers for 17,036 EST-SSRs were designed, and 55 primer pairs representing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotide repeats were used for the validation of the EST-SSRs. A total of 48 out of 55 EST-SSR primers showed clear amplification in Calotropis procera. To validate EST-SSRs at the nucleotide level, four randomly selected EST-SSR primer sets were amplified and sequenced. Sequence alignment confirmed the presence of SSRs in the amplified primers. The polymorphisms of the 16 primer pairs were studied, and it was observed that 15 primer sets produced polymorphic bands. Out of these 15 pairs of primers, we identified 141 alleles with an average of 2.56 alleles per locus. The allelic diversity was estimated for 15 EST-SSR markers using three accessions of Calotropis. The study has succeeded in the development of novel EST-SSR markers from Calotropis procera and establishment of the molecular marker resources that can serve as a useful genomic tool for further development of germplasm resources and effective marker-assisted breeding and domestication programs for Calotropis procera.

Science & Technology Journal

The present study aims the impact of Pseudomonas putida on different growth parameters of Trigone... more The present study aims the impact of Pseudomonas putida on different growth parameters of Trigonella sp., a leguminous plant to support the requirement of food, protein along with their medicinal value in the rural areas of India. A pot experiment was arranged based on completely randomized design with four replications at Biological Product Laboratory, Botany Department, University of Allahabad. Treatments were given at the seed level with one of control. Results indicated that application of P. putida significantly improved vegetative growth and showed an edge on the growth of the fenugreek as compared to the control.

Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews

Recently, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has attracted much curiosity in the field of li... more Recently, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has attracted much curiosity in the field of life science research. In the present study, we have reported a green method for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous seed extract of Phoenix sylvestris L. The green synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by aids of dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform-infrared. Further, the study demonstrate the comparative phytochemical analysis as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the extract and Phoenix sylvestris seed generated nanoparticles against acne-causing pathogens, that is, by using a DPPH-scavenging assay and broth microdilution method as well as Kirby-Bauer Disk diffusion method (recommended by CLSI), respectively. Moreover, a concentration-dependent time-kill kinetic studies were also carried out to determine their antimicrobial activity. The seed extract was found a better antioxidant and AgNPs exhibited highly biocidal agent against both the test pathogens, when compared to aqueous extracts. The results obtained indicate that seed extract of P. sylvestris is suitable for synthesizing stable silver nanoparticles, which act as excellent antimicrobial agents with promising treatments for cosmetics embarrassment.

Sciprints, 2016

In the present study, the new biological sources in the form of lichen Usnea orientalis Motyka wa... more In the present study, the new biological sources in the form of lichen Usnea orientalis Motyka was screened for its antidermatophytic potential. Six species of dermatophytes were chosen on the basis of their prevalence for antidermatophytic assays, and the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI)-recommended broth microdilution procedure was used to detect the efficacy of extract against dermatophytes. Thin layer chromatography of lichen extracts reveals the presence of two secondary metabolites viz. salazinic acid and usnic acid. U. orientalis extract exhibited promising antidermatophytic activity against all tested pathogens. Amongst all tested pathogens, E. floccosum exhibited most susceptibility towards extract, whereas T. mentagrophytes exhibited the least susceptibility. Topical application of U. orientalis extract might be helpful in the cure of dermal infections.