Wihdat Djafar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Wihdat Djafar

Research paper thumbnail of Assessement on crossing transportation tariffs of Gorontalo – Wakai – Ampana

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Kapasitas Muat Optimal Kapal Ikan DI Perairan Makassar

Research paper thumbnail of Simulation of utilization rate of loading/unloading of equipment in Makassar container terminal by using ARENA

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Identifying Model for Decision Making Process in a Collaborative Manufacturing Network Environment

EPI International Journal of Engineering, 2018

In order to be competitive through globalisation and free trade agreements, Small Manufacturing E... more In order to be competitive through globalisation and free trade agreements, Small Manufacturing Enterprises must provide a high quality products at a competitive price at the right time. But inadequate resources of the enterprises have prevented them to remain competitive. Therefore they need to innovate and find new ways to overcome these challenges. Collaborative Manufacturing Network (CMN) is a way forward to address these challenges. However, the process of collaboration is not a simple process. Instead, it is a complex and very dynamic process since there are many factors involved that need to be considered for the establishment of a successful collaboration. Many researches have been conducted in this area of CMN, but there are still numerous unsolved problems identified. Decision making issues and formulating business collaboration model in a context of CMN are two such issues. This research tries to identify the problems faced in a CMN environment, stress on the importance of building a model based on the consideration of aspects involved in a CMN and then identifying model for decision making process in a CMN Environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptual Model for Transfer of Technology in a Shipyard

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

Transfer of technology is an important program to be done by a shipyard if the respective shipyar... more Transfer of technology is an important program to be done by a shipyard if the respective shipyard is to maintain and increase its competitiveness. But sometimes, some aspects that need to be considered in a transfer of technology program are ignored. Before any transfer of technology program is to be conducted in any shipyard, identification of the required technology to be transferred and why the changes in shipyard technology are needed must be done. These identifications will lead to the identification of the current shipyard competitiveness and the identification of the shipyard hardware and software technology components performances. Decision will be made which is based on these identifications. If the software technology components show good performances, then maximum advantages will be obtained from the current facilities and any investment in hardware technology components will tend to reduce the cost per unit of output. On the contrary, if the software technology componen...

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling Maintenance System of a Fishing Vessel Using Markov Process Method

International Journal of Engineering, 2019

Reliability analysis on a ship system have developed as the increasing demand on the level of saf... more Reliability analysis on a ship system have developed as the increasing demand on the level of safety and reliability of the ship design. There are some significantly important of ship systems which support the ship operationalization. Failure on one system component can influence the functionality of the respective system and even can damage the whole ship function. If this is happen, the safety of the passengers and cargoes on the ship will be threatened. A comprehensive evaluation on the ship systems must be conducted so that the failure level of the system can be predicted. For the safety of the maintenance action on a system, model of the ship system maintenance must be designed. One common approach to be used on a maintenance modelling of a system is markov approach or markov modelling. The final result of the appoach is an availability index of a system as a consequences of the ship system maintenance. Output from this approach will become input for designing ship system maint...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengayaan Keterampilan Pembangunan Perahu Kecil Fiberglass untuk Sarana Produksi Usaha Mikro Budidaya Rumput Laut di Kabupaten Jeneponto

Generally, people who live along the coast of Jeneponto regency do the seaweed cultivation both i... more Generally, people who live along the coast of Jeneponto regency do the seaweed cultivation both in group or in person. One of the group is Pattontongan city group in the area of Pattontongan, Binamu subdistrict. They used both wooden boat and FRP boat for the activities. Of the latter, they got their FRP boat from the Indonesian government as it to expensive to buy them in person. In order to maintain their FRP boat, a training for repairing their FRP boat have been conducted by the team of lecturers from the Departmen of Naval Architecture Engineering Faculty, Unhas for the group. To improve their skills, a further training have been conducted recently as well. The training focus on how to build the FRP boat from beginning. The result of the training shows that the participants which are the seaweed farmers are being able to 1) read a boat design, 2) transfer the boat design into full scale design, 3) make the boat mould, 4) layering the boat using hand lay-up method. By being able...

Research paper thumbnail of Cost Comparison for the Installation of Steel Frames vs Wooden Frames on a Traditional Wooden Fishing Boat in South Sulawesi

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Traditional wooden fishing boats are still being produced by most of the traditional wooden shipy... more Traditional wooden fishing boats are still being produced by most of the traditional wooden shipyards in Indonesia specifically in the area of South Sulawesi. Nevertheless, the traditional wooden boat craftsman facing the difficulty of wooden log supply as the main wooden boat material especially for wooden frame construction despite the increasing demand for wooden material for the boat construction. The difficulty to acquire the specific wooden for wooden frame caused by the specific requirements of each wooden frame. They must be in the specific shape according to the specific curvature of each transversal boat section along the boat length. Hence, for the sustainability of wooden boat construction process, alternative material is needed for replacing the certain wooden boat construction component, especially for wooden frames. Fortunately, research relating to the use of alternative material for wooden boat construction have been conducted. The focus of the research is on the us...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of the Ship and Cargo Service Facilities at the Local Port of Sorong

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Karakteristik Pergerakan Penumpang Dan Kendaraan Lintas Penyeberangan Bajoe-Kolaka

wilayah Koridor Sulawesi. Penggunaan kapal ferry cukup fleksibel dengan karakteristik muatan terd... more wilayah Koridor Sulawesi. Penggunaan kapal ferry cukup fleksibel dengan karakteristik muatan terdiri dari kendaraan,barang dan manusia. Jaringan angkutan penyeberangan sebagai pendukung konektivitas nasional berperanmenghubungkan pulau-pulau utama. Lintas penyeberangan Bajoe Kolaka merupakan salah satu lintas penyeberanganyang menghubungkan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang cukup ramai dibandingdua lintasan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis karakteristik pergerakan muatan Lintasan Bajoe-Kolaka yangnantinya digunakan untuk perencanaan sarana (kapal) dan prasarana (pelabuhan). Metode bangkitan pergerakandigunakan untuk menentukan asal tujuan dan regresi/pertumbuhan untuk menentukan potensi pergerakan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa daerah asal (hinterland) utama pelabuhan Bajoe adalah Bone, Makassar, dan Soppeng,daerah tujuan (foreland) utama adalah Kolaka, Kendari dan Bombana. Jenis kendaraan terbesar adalah roda duakemudian truk (panjang 7-10 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Initial Model Development of an Integrated Shipbuilding Industry in Indonesia: a Case Study of Indonesian State Owned Enterprises (BUMN) Shipyards

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

Capacities of the world shipbuilding industry have been dominated by three major countries which ... more Capacities of the world shipbuilding industry have been dominated by three major countries which are South Korea, China and Japan. The ship tonnage proportion they have been built is approximately 90% of the total ship tonnage in the world. Indonesia with the rest of the shipbuilding countries only share the rest of the proportion which are far less than the total capacities of those three countries. Indonesia has its potency to increase its shipbuilding industry capacity significantly with the support of 250 shipyards in this country. The increasing capacities can be fulfilled if those shipyards are getting involved in collaboration. The increasing capacity of Indonesian shipyard is need to be actualized to prevent order of shipbuilding rejection from overseas as a consequence of shipyard insufficient capacity. In this paper, an initial model for shipyard collaboration in Indonesia is developed. The number of shipyards to get involved in this initial model is limited to 4 BUMN ship...

Research paper thumbnail of Penjaminan Keberlanjutan Pembangunan Kapal Kayu Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pola Gading untuk Penerapan Inovasi Gading Baja Sebagai Pengganti Gading Kayu bagi Pengrajin Kapal Kayu di Kabupaten Takalar

Currently wood raw material used for ivory or wooden ship frames is increasingly difficult to obt... more Currently wood raw material used for ivory or wooden ship frames is increasingly difficult to obtain because it has a special shape, where the wood for the ship's ivory must be taken from the tree in the form of curved beams, so that it is easily shaped according to the shape of the wooden ship that will be built. Some wooden ship craftsmen in South Sulawesi have faced this difficulty. One of them is a wooden ship craftsman who is part of a group of wooden ship craftsmen "TORANI" in Galesong Kota Village, Galesong District, Takalar. This group of craftsmen specifically produces fishing vessels with sizes of 10 GT to 30 GT. To overcome this problem, an alternative solution for wood ivory is needed. A study has found an alternative substitute for wood ivory, namely steel, with dimensions suitable for use on fishing vessels of 10 GT, 20 GT, and 30 GT. The dimensions of the steel ivory obtained are close to the wood ivory but with greater strength. To be able to apply the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Models and Optimisation Techniques on Long Distribution Network: A Review

Procedia Manufacturing, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesian Shipbuilding Industry in the perspective of Collaborative Manufacturing Network (CMN)

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

The Indonesian shipbuilding industry must get involved in a collaboration network in order to be ... more The Indonesian shipbuilding industry must get involved in a collaboration network in order to be survived in the global competitiveness. The competitiveness level of Indonesian shipbuilding industry is low with only about 1.6 percent of International market share. Most of the proportion is contributed by PT PAL Indonesia with its maximum 50.000 DWT of shipbuilding capacities. The reason can be identified as the Indonesian domestic shipyards are still working as a single company respectively. This fact is contradicted with the tendency of international shipbuilding industry in the current global competitiveness to do collaboration among them to increase their production capacities. Successful example of the shipyard collaboration in order to get the most of the shipbuilding international market is collaboration among shipyards in South Korea and China. Both of these countries have integrated their shipyards and hence have increased significantly their shipbuilding production capaciti...

Research paper thumbnail of Models and optimisation techniques on long distribution network: A review

The problems that are common in a distribution network can become more serious in long distributi... more The problems that are common in a distribution network can become more serious in long distribution networks due to the increased complexity of the system. In order to overcome such problems, network models should take into consideration the characteristics that are more representative of long distribution networks. This paper reviews existing studies related to the use of long distribution network models that include two-stage and three-stage distribution networks. In addition to highlighting some of the key elements associated with the development of models, this paper examines the techniques that can be used to optimise them. This paper stresses the need to consider important information in the process of developing a long distribution network model that takes into consideration the problems that are inherent in long distribution networks. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for future research in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Long Distribution Channel’s Problems

An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover... more An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover widely dispersed locations. This could happen in a case where a product must be delivered using long distribution channel. By reviewing literatures over the last decade, this paper aims to identify and to gain more comprehensive understanding of the problems related to the long distribution channel's characteristics. The term 'long distribution channel' refers to a multi-tiers in the distribution stages where each tier commonly contains more than one site. The result shows that in order to design an optimum long distribution channel, some prominent problems that impact on both distribution costs and delivery times need to be considered. The problems encompass variability, bottleneck, bullwhip effect, high transportation and logistics costs.

Research paper thumbnail of Tantangan Dalam Implementasi Model Integrasi Industri Perkapalan Di Indonesia

Jurnal Teknik Industri

Indonesian shipbuilding Industry plays significant roles in supporting the economics of the count... more Indonesian shipbuilding Industry plays significant roles in supporting the economics of the country in the utilization of sea resources, the distribution of natural resources as well as interconnecting people between islands. Hence, it is significant for this industry to survive and keep growing and being competitive not only to fulfill the domestic need on ships but also for export to overseas. Support from the Indonesian government with the policy to build all ships which are operated domestically in the Indonesian shipyards is needed. In the global level, the individual shipyard is relatively difficult to compete with the overseas shipyard. This is because the current global competition is not between individual shipyards but between collaboration shipyards. One of the reasons is there is no collaboration model between shipyards which appropriate with the condition of Indonesian shipyards herself can be found in the literature. This paper discusses an integration model for 4 Indo...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Long Distribution Channel‟s Problems

International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, 2013

An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover... more An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover widely dispersed locations. This could happen in a case where a product must be delivered using long distribution channel. By reviewing literatures over the last decade, this paper aims to identify and to gain more comprehensive understanding of the problems related to the long distribution channel's characteristics. The term 'long distribution channel' refers to a multi-tiers in the distribution stages where each tier commonly contains more than one site. The result shows that in order to design an optimum long distribution channel, some prominent problems that impact on both distribution costs and delivery times need to be considered. The problems encompass variability, bottleneck, bullwhip effect, high transportation and logistics costs.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessement on crossing transportation tariffs of Gorontalo – Wakai – Ampana

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Kapasitas Muat Optimal Kapal Ikan DI Perairan Makassar

Research paper thumbnail of Simulation of utilization rate of loading/unloading of equipment in Makassar container terminal by using ARENA

Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Identifying Model for Decision Making Process in a Collaborative Manufacturing Network Environment

EPI International Journal of Engineering, 2018

In order to be competitive through globalisation and free trade agreements, Small Manufacturing E... more In order to be competitive through globalisation and free trade agreements, Small Manufacturing Enterprises must provide a high quality products at a competitive price at the right time. But inadequate resources of the enterprises have prevented them to remain competitive. Therefore they need to innovate and find new ways to overcome these challenges. Collaborative Manufacturing Network (CMN) is a way forward to address these challenges. However, the process of collaboration is not a simple process. Instead, it is a complex and very dynamic process since there are many factors involved that need to be considered for the establishment of a successful collaboration. Many researches have been conducted in this area of CMN, but there are still numerous unsolved problems identified. Decision making issues and formulating business collaboration model in a context of CMN are two such issues. This research tries to identify the problems faced in a CMN environment, stress on the importance of building a model based on the consideration of aspects involved in a CMN and then identifying model for decision making process in a CMN Environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptual Model for Transfer of Technology in a Shipyard

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

Transfer of technology is an important program to be done by a shipyard if the respective shipyar... more Transfer of technology is an important program to be done by a shipyard if the respective shipyard is to maintain and increase its competitiveness. But sometimes, some aspects that need to be considered in a transfer of technology program are ignored. Before any transfer of technology program is to be conducted in any shipyard, identification of the required technology to be transferred and why the changes in shipyard technology are needed must be done. These identifications will lead to the identification of the current shipyard competitiveness and the identification of the shipyard hardware and software technology components performances. Decision will be made which is based on these identifications. If the software technology components show good performances, then maximum advantages will be obtained from the current facilities and any investment in hardware technology components will tend to reduce the cost per unit of output. On the contrary, if the software technology componen...

Research paper thumbnail of Modelling Maintenance System of a Fishing Vessel Using Markov Process Method

International Journal of Engineering, 2019

Reliability analysis on a ship system have developed as the increasing demand on the level of saf... more Reliability analysis on a ship system have developed as the increasing demand on the level of safety and reliability of the ship design. There are some significantly important of ship systems which support the ship operationalization. Failure on one system component can influence the functionality of the respective system and even can damage the whole ship function. If this is happen, the safety of the passengers and cargoes on the ship will be threatened. A comprehensive evaluation on the ship systems must be conducted so that the failure level of the system can be predicted. For the safety of the maintenance action on a system, model of the ship system maintenance must be designed. One common approach to be used on a maintenance modelling of a system is markov approach or markov modelling. The final result of the appoach is an availability index of a system as a consequences of the ship system maintenance. Output from this approach will become input for designing ship system maint...

Research paper thumbnail of Pengayaan Keterampilan Pembangunan Perahu Kecil Fiberglass untuk Sarana Produksi Usaha Mikro Budidaya Rumput Laut di Kabupaten Jeneponto

Generally, people who live along the coast of Jeneponto regency do the seaweed cultivation both i... more Generally, people who live along the coast of Jeneponto regency do the seaweed cultivation both in group or in person. One of the group is Pattontongan city group in the area of Pattontongan, Binamu subdistrict. They used both wooden boat and FRP boat for the activities. Of the latter, they got their FRP boat from the Indonesian government as it to expensive to buy them in person. In order to maintain their FRP boat, a training for repairing their FRP boat have been conducted by the team of lecturers from the Departmen of Naval Architecture Engineering Faculty, Unhas for the group. To improve their skills, a further training have been conducted recently as well. The training focus on how to build the FRP boat from beginning. The result of the training shows that the participants which are the seaweed farmers are being able to 1) read a boat design, 2) transfer the boat design into full scale design, 3) make the boat mould, 4) layering the boat using hand lay-up method. By being able...

Research paper thumbnail of Cost Comparison for the Installation of Steel Frames vs Wooden Frames on a Traditional Wooden Fishing Boat in South Sulawesi

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Traditional wooden fishing boats are still being produced by most of the traditional wooden shipy... more Traditional wooden fishing boats are still being produced by most of the traditional wooden shipyards in Indonesia specifically in the area of South Sulawesi. Nevertheless, the traditional wooden boat craftsman facing the difficulty of wooden log supply as the main wooden boat material especially for wooden frame construction despite the increasing demand for wooden material for the boat construction. The difficulty to acquire the specific wooden for wooden frame caused by the specific requirements of each wooden frame. They must be in the specific shape according to the specific curvature of each transversal boat section along the boat length. Hence, for the sustainability of wooden boat construction process, alternative material is needed for replacing the certain wooden boat construction component, especially for wooden frames. Fortunately, research relating to the use of alternative material for wooden boat construction have been conducted. The focus of the research is on the us...

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of the Ship and Cargo Service Facilities at the Local Port of Sorong

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Karakteristik Pergerakan Penumpang Dan Kendaraan Lintas Penyeberangan Bajoe-Kolaka

wilayah Koridor Sulawesi. Penggunaan kapal ferry cukup fleksibel dengan karakteristik muatan terd... more wilayah Koridor Sulawesi. Penggunaan kapal ferry cukup fleksibel dengan karakteristik muatan terdiri dari kendaraan,barang dan manusia. Jaringan angkutan penyeberangan sebagai pendukung konektivitas nasional berperanmenghubungkan pulau-pulau utama. Lintas penyeberangan Bajoe Kolaka merupakan salah satu lintas penyeberanganyang menghubungkan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara yang cukup ramai dibandingdua lintasan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis karakteristik pergerakan muatan Lintasan Bajoe-Kolaka yangnantinya digunakan untuk perencanaan sarana (kapal) dan prasarana (pelabuhan). Metode bangkitan pergerakandigunakan untuk menentukan asal tujuan dan regresi/pertumbuhan untuk menentukan potensi pergerakan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa daerah asal (hinterland) utama pelabuhan Bajoe adalah Bone, Makassar, dan Soppeng,daerah tujuan (foreland) utama adalah Kolaka, Kendari dan Bombana. Jenis kendaraan terbesar adalah roda duakemudian truk (panjang 7-10 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Initial Model Development of an Integrated Shipbuilding Industry in Indonesia: a Case Study of Indonesian State Owned Enterprises (BUMN) Shipyards

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

Capacities of the world shipbuilding industry have been dominated by three major countries which ... more Capacities of the world shipbuilding industry have been dominated by three major countries which are South Korea, China and Japan. The ship tonnage proportion they have been built is approximately 90% of the total ship tonnage in the world. Indonesia with the rest of the shipbuilding countries only share the rest of the proportion which are far less than the total capacities of those three countries. Indonesia has its potency to increase its shipbuilding industry capacity significantly with the support of 250 shipyards in this country. The increasing capacities can be fulfilled if those shipyards are getting involved in collaboration. The increasing capacity of Indonesian shipyard is need to be actualized to prevent order of shipbuilding rejection from overseas as a consequence of shipyard insufficient capacity. In this paper, an initial model for shipyard collaboration in Indonesia is developed. The number of shipyards to get involved in this initial model is limited to 4 BUMN ship...

Research paper thumbnail of Penjaminan Keberlanjutan Pembangunan Kapal Kayu Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Pola Gading untuk Penerapan Inovasi Gading Baja Sebagai Pengganti Gading Kayu bagi Pengrajin Kapal Kayu di Kabupaten Takalar

Currently wood raw material used for ivory or wooden ship frames is increasingly difficult to obt... more Currently wood raw material used for ivory or wooden ship frames is increasingly difficult to obtain because it has a special shape, where the wood for the ship's ivory must be taken from the tree in the form of curved beams, so that it is easily shaped according to the shape of the wooden ship that will be built. Some wooden ship craftsmen in South Sulawesi have faced this difficulty. One of them is a wooden ship craftsman who is part of a group of wooden ship craftsmen "TORANI" in Galesong Kota Village, Galesong District, Takalar. This group of craftsmen specifically produces fishing vessels with sizes of 10 GT to 30 GT. To overcome this problem, an alternative solution for wood ivory is needed. A study has found an alternative substitute for wood ivory, namely steel, with dimensions suitable for use on fishing vessels of 10 GT, 20 GT, and 30 GT. The dimensions of the steel ivory obtained are close to the wood ivory but with greater strength. To be able to apply the ...

Research paper thumbnail of Models and Optimisation Techniques on Long Distribution Network: A Review

Procedia Manufacturing, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of Indonesian Shipbuilding Industry in the perspective of Collaborative Manufacturing Network (CMN)

International Journal of Engineering, 2017

The Indonesian shipbuilding industry must get involved in a collaboration network in order to be ... more The Indonesian shipbuilding industry must get involved in a collaboration network in order to be survived in the global competitiveness. The competitiveness level of Indonesian shipbuilding industry is low with only about 1.6 percent of International market share. Most of the proportion is contributed by PT PAL Indonesia with its maximum 50.000 DWT of shipbuilding capacities. The reason can be identified as the Indonesian domestic shipyards are still working as a single company respectively. This fact is contradicted with the tendency of international shipbuilding industry in the current global competitiveness to do collaboration among them to increase their production capacities. Successful example of the shipyard collaboration in order to get the most of the shipbuilding international market is collaboration among shipyards in South Korea and China. Both of these countries have integrated their shipyards and hence have increased significantly their shipbuilding production capaciti...

Research paper thumbnail of Models and optimisation techniques on long distribution network: A review

The problems that are common in a distribution network can become more serious in long distributi... more The problems that are common in a distribution network can become more serious in long distribution networks due to the increased complexity of the system. In order to overcome such problems, network models should take into consideration the characteristics that are more representative of long distribution networks. This paper reviews existing studies related to the use of long distribution network models that include two-stage and three-stage distribution networks. In addition to highlighting some of the key elements associated with the development of models, this paper examines the techniques that can be used to optimise them. This paper stresses the need to consider important information in the process of developing a long distribution network model that takes into consideration the problems that are inherent in long distribution networks. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for future research in this field.

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Long Distribution Channel’s Problems

An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover... more An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover widely dispersed locations. This could happen in a case where a product must be delivered using long distribution channel. By reviewing literatures over the last decade, this paper aims to identify and to gain more comprehensive understanding of the problems related to the long distribution channel's characteristics. The term 'long distribution channel' refers to a multi-tiers in the distribution stages where each tier commonly contains more than one site. The result shows that in order to design an optimum long distribution channel, some prominent problems that impact on both distribution costs and delivery times need to be considered. The problems encompass variability, bottleneck, bullwhip effect, high transportation and logistics costs.

Research paper thumbnail of Tantangan Dalam Implementasi Model Integrasi Industri Perkapalan Di Indonesia

Jurnal Teknik Industri

Indonesian shipbuilding Industry plays significant roles in supporting the economics of the count... more Indonesian shipbuilding Industry plays significant roles in supporting the economics of the country in the utilization of sea resources, the distribution of natural resources as well as interconnecting people between islands. Hence, it is significant for this industry to survive and keep growing and being competitive not only to fulfill the domestic need on ships but also for export to overseas. Support from the Indonesian government with the policy to build all ships which are operated domestically in the Indonesian shipyards is needed. In the global level, the individual shipyard is relatively difficult to compete with the overseas shipyard. This is because the current global competition is not between individual shipyards but between collaboration shipyards. One of the reasons is there is no collaboration model between shipyards which appropriate with the condition of Indonesian shipyards herself can be found in the literature. This paper discusses an integration model for 4 Indo...

Research paper thumbnail of A Review on Long Distribution Channel‟s Problems

International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, 2013

An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover... more An analysis of supply chain system could become more complex when the network system should cover widely dispersed locations. This could happen in a case where a product must be delivered using long distribution channel. By reviewing literatures over the last decade, this paper aims to identify and to gain more comprehensive understanding of the problems related to the long distribution channel's characteristics. The term 'long distribution channel' refers to a multi-tiers in the distribution stages where each tier commonly contains more than one site. The result shows that in order to design an optimum long distribution channel, some prominent problems that impact on both distribution costs and delivery times need to be considered. The problems encompass variability, bottleneck, bullwhip effect, high transportation and logistics costs.