Dominique E Uwizeyimana - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dominique E Uwizeyimana

Problems facing administrative systems are increasingly becoming rather complex and a discipline ... more Problems facing administrative systems are increasingly becoming rather complex and a discipline known to focus on understanding how administrative systems of government function and preparing people to work in such systems to promote efficiency and effectiveness has to face the complexity challenge. The discipline of Public Administration (PA) must be in position to produce graduates who have the right skills, attitudes, competencies and capacities to navigate the complex environment in which service delivery is currently based. This challenge touches on a significant question, that is, whether knowledge from a single discipline can produce the right people. Some authors have previously accused PA of not being fit to be a discipline because of its 'promiscuous' nature as it borrows from many other disciplines to build its knowledge base. Such an accusation is likely to remain because problems of government today cannot be solved by people-civil servants and politicians with one disciplinary focus. It is for this reason that this article examines whether PA ought to be multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary or trans-disciplinary (MIT).

Literature shows that women remain underrepresented in management positions in South Africa. Whil... more Literature shows that women remain underrepresented in management positions in South Africa. While several studies have been conducted on the subject of the causes of underrepresentation of women in such positions, most of these studies tend to ignore the views of males. This article explores the views of educators (both male and female) with regard to the underrepresentation of female educators in management positions at primary schools in the Lulekani Circuit in the Mopani District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The researchers collected data via semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 20 participants from five primary schools in this circuit. The results revealed that the underrepresentation of female educators in management positions is influenced by many factors. The fact that most, if not all, of these barriers affect women in different countries, cultures, and socioeconomic contexts suggest the need for collective efforts to combat them.

The objective of this quantitative study was to investigate the impact of ICT equipment availabil... more The objective of this quantitative study was to investigate the impact of ICT equipment availability and accessibility and teachers' training in ICT use on the integration of ICT into the curriculum related activities by teachers. The data used in this research was collected by means of structured questionnaires, from 146 participants in twelve secondary schools located in the Groot Letaba Circuit, Mopani District Municipality in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The findings reveal that, with the exception of a TVs, photocopiers and laptop/desktop computers, there is a scarcity of ICT resources available at schools for ICT integration, and that the teaching and curriculum administration functions of most teachers have been negatively impacted by a lack ICT equipment and/or insufficient use of these ICT resources for those schools who have them. In addition, while some teachers had received some form of ICT training, it was evident that such training has had minimal or no impact at all on the abilities and confidence of teachers to use ICT in their teaching. These factors that negatively influence teachers' readiness for, and confidence in, using ICT; need to be dealt with by the various stakeholders including, and especially, the Department of Education and the school management and private partners.

The aim of this research is to use the Mamabolo Circuit in Limpopo Province to investigate whethe... more The aim of this research is to use the Mamabolo Circuit in Limpopo Province to investigate whether the school prescripts are contributing to better financial management in publicly funded schools in Limpopo. Structured interview questionnaires were used to gather information regarding the adherence to the Prescripts for Financial Management in Public Schools (or the prescripts). Findings indicate that schools are generally failing in so many ways to adhere to the prescripts. One of the major challenges facing schools in the management of their finances
appears to be the lack of knowledge of the Department of Education (DoE) prescripts by the school finance committees and their disregard of the prescripts in dealing with the day today management of the school funds.
Therefore, there is a need for monitoring and support of school financial managers in the form of workshops and courses at higher education institutions.

A number of countries have experienced genocide in the 20th century. The complexity in terms of t... more A number of countries have experienced genocide in the 20th century. The complexity in terms of the targets and the perpetrators of genocide has generated contradictory narratives and has complicated the interpretation and implementation of the laws of genocide in these countries and internationally. The objective of this paper is to analyse literature on the Rwandan genocide (1994), the Jewish Holocaust (1941-1945) and the Armenian genocide (1915-1917), in order to document circumstances surrounding the decision to implement (or not to implement) the laws of genocide ideology and the consequences for such decisions. One of the main findings of this research is that there are various scenarios for the application of the genocide ideologies, with narratives and their enforcement (or not) being quite different depending on the countries' circumstances.

The teaching profession is dominated by female educators. However, the irony is that most top sch... more The teaching profession is dominated by female educators. However, the irony is that most top school management positions are currently occupied by male educators. Unfortunately, most researches dealing with the issues of under-representation of women in management position tend to focus on gender differences. Less or no attention has so far been paid to the fact that most school management positions, and thus most schools staff selection committees are dominated by men. The objective of the present research is to find out whether the perception on women under-representation, is in any way affected by the fact that respondents in this research are occupying school management positions or not. The research question guiding this study is: to what extent does holding a management position affect the educators' perception on the causes of under-representation of women in school management positions? The research methods employed to emerge with data relevant for this study were primarily literature review and interviewing technique with 20 primary educators systematically and purposefully selected from five public primary schools in the Lulekani Circuit, Mopani District, Limpopo Province in South Africa. The findings indicated that occupying school management positions influences the respondents' perceptions on some factors but gender seems to be the main cause of these observed differences in others. The complex and contradictory nature of these findings justify the need for further studies around the gender equity at secondary schools.

For centuries the lives of women have been shaped by their reproductive, domestic and nurturing r... more For centuries the lives of women have been shaped by their reproductive, domestic and nurturing roles, while men have been concerned with business, science, managerial positions, and politics. However, a combination of societal changes and technological developments in the modern and post-modern era has necessitated a broader definition of the social and professional roles of women and facilitated the entry of women into the labour market. However, despite the fact that women have the rights and qualify to occupy any management positions which have been predominantly reserved for their male counterparts, women remain underrepresented in top-management positions. The objective of this article is to find out whether there are gender-based differences in terms of factors identified by scholars as being the causes of under-representation of women in school management positions. The main finding of this research is that while there seems to be no gender based difference on some factors such as family responsibilities, lack of aspiration to management positions, lack of mobility, female educators' fitness to hold management positions and lack of supportive networks as being the main barriers to female educators' promotion in school management positions; the gender based differences exist on other factors such as lack of support from male colleagues, gender stereotyping, female educators' uncertainty about their own abilities to manage. It is hoped that these findings will guide policy makers in crafting better strategies to deal with the problem of under-representation of women in school management positions.

Literature which explored the theories of “politics-administration dichotomy” remains divided as ... more Literature which explored the theories of “politics-administration dichotomy” remains divided as to whether Woodrow Wilson was the author of the politics-administration dichotomy theory or not. While classical literature seems to agree that Woodrow Wilson was the author and champion of the politics-administration dichotomy, contemporary literature seems to disagree, claiming that those who ascribe the politics-administration dichotomy to Wilson have misunderstood and/or are misquoting him. The objective of this paper is to analyse all available
electronic and printed material to provide unequivocal evidences that the theory of politics-administration dichotomy was conceived and promoted by Woodrow Wilson’s own writing. The paper also provides evidence that Wilson was neither misunderstood nor misquoted as claimed by some authors. This paper also shows that Wilson
and anyone who advocated the politics-administration dichotomy (i.e., separation of politics and administration in government) lost the battle to those who advocated what this paper calls “politics-administration complementarity”.

The persistence of dictatorships and pretend democracies with gross violations of human rights is... more The persistence of dictatorships and pretend democracies with gross violations of human rights is common in many African countries. We argue that lack of democratic rule and human rights violations persist in
many African countries because most international finance institutions and bilateral donors often ignore the violation of democratic and human rights by countries to which they provide financial aid and loan.
We recommend that democracy and a good human rights record are made preconditions for financial aid and loans in order to create incentives for establishing and, possibly, forcing African governments to adopt democratic rule and respect of human rights.

The principle of ensuring that justice is done and is seen to be done' in post-ethnic conflicts c... more The principle of ensuring that justice is done and is seen to be done' in post-ethnic conflicts countries such as Rwanda has been and remains a controversial and a far-fetched objective in post-inter-ethnic conflict countries such as Rwanda. The methodology applied in this paper is essentially a qualitative approach and relies on the analysis of the available literature. Using the analysis of available literature, the paper seeks to demonstrate why it is difficult for the winners of the Rwandan conflict to " ensure that justice is done and is seen to be done " by the alleged suspects of the Rwandan genocide. The paper rejects the claims of impartiality when the judges and the prosecutors have direct and indirect personal interests on the issues they are presiding over. The paper argues that in order for to avoid the " victor's justice " , the judges must be impartial and not be part of the conflict they adjudicate. The paper further argues that for the Rwandan judges to be impartial they must not be under external influence. The Rwandan judges have personal interests in the outcome of the Rwandan genocide trials. The paper recommends that the prosecution of crimes of genocide and genocide ideologies in Rwanda be done by competent and independent courts of justice which are not party to the alleged crimes they have prosecuted.

During the past few decades, debate surrounding the role of a firm-hand leadership style (command... more During the past few decades, debate surrounding the role of a firm-hand leadership style (command-and-control, authoritarian leadership or dictatorship) to bolster rapid economic growth took place in some East-Asian Tiger countries, such as Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea. Western development partners, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank and former British Prime Minister Tony Blair's African Governance Initiative (AGI), as well as leaders like President Bill Clinton and Tony Blair praised this type of leadership. These institutions, initiatives and individuals praise this approach, as it led to economic growth in some African countries. Rwanda and Ethiopia are often identified as two prominent performers in this regard. Western donors and international financial institutions (IFIs) are now arguing that the rest of Africa should replicate the East-Asian Tigers' Developmental State model to achieve economic development. However, literature on leadership styles rejects firm-hand leadership outright as a " debilitating style " (Weir 2011:1). Literature in this regard states that Africa has been under authoritarian regimes since time immemorial and the very leadership style that is currently believed to lead to economic growth in the East-Asian Tiger countries and certain African countries was also blamed for having contributed to Africa's under-development. This contradictory state of affairs leads to an important question: What did previous African firm-hand leaders in Rwanda and Ethiopia do, or fail to do compared to their counterparts' current initiatives to achieve the same economic growth? This article aims to explore and contextualise the concept of firm-hand leadership within the broader leadership framework. Furthermore, it sets out to uncover in what way post-independence African leaders, who were described in the literature as dictators and authoritarian, ruined their countries' economies. The Volume 9 number 4 •

This article aims to provide a conceptual and theoretical analysis of global warming and climate ... more This article aims to provide a conceptual and theoretical analysis of global warming and climate change as two biggest environmental and humanitarian crises of our time. It also discusses the anthropogenic and natural causes as the two main causes of global warming and climate change. By doing so, the article seeks to bridge the knowledge gap that exists between the climate change scientist community and the lay people who are most likely to be affected by the effects of climate change and global warming. In order to do so, the article deals with questions such as: What is climate change and its main causes? What is greenhouse gases (GhG) emission and how do greenhouse gases cause global warming and why should a lay person living in a country such as South Africa be concerned with global warming or climate change? The methodology applied in the article is essentially qualitative and relies on a conceptual and theoretical analysis of available literature. The research found that the GhGs emitted by both natural and anthropogenic activities are behind the dramatic accumulation of CO₂ and other Ozone layer depleting gases. However, the anthropogenic sources have been by far the largest climate change driver over the past half century. Burning coal to generate energy is the main source of CO₂ emissions. People need to reduce their dependency on coal fired energy production in order to contribute to the global efforts to combat climate change and its effects.

The Western Cape (WC) remains the only province o f South Africa which has not been won by the Af... more The Western Cape (WC) remains the only province o f South Africa which has not been won by the African N ational Congress (ANC) since the first dem ocratic elections in 1994. It is also the only province in which the A N C , New N ational Party (NNP), and Dem ocratic Party coalitions (DAI and DA2) have alternated between 1994 and 2008. The research reported on investigated the null hypothesis (HO) that there was no statistically significant association between affiliation to political party and respondents' access to low-cost housing services provided by different governing parties in the Cape Town Unicity Council (CT) between 1994 and 2 008. This HO was rejected because statistical analysis of prim ary data collected from the Langa and Delft areas o f CT found a statistically significant association between affiliation to political party and respondents' access to low-cost housing services provided by different governing parties in CT during the period between 1 994 and 2008. A critical evaluation o f low-cost housing data provided by the W C D epartm ent of Human Settlements (DHS) and interviews with selected political and com m unity leaders also provided evidence to suggest that alm ost all political parties that governed CT between 1994 and 200 8 often attempted to use the allocation o f low-cost housing services either to favour their own supporters or to attract voters of their rival parties. These findings confirm political m anipulation of public resources by different incum bent politicians in ruling political parties in CT and justify the consideration of more effective policy mechanisms to reduce partisan bias.

Telephone: 1 <+27 (0) 722857575>, 2 <+27 (0)839771419> E-mail: 1 Solomon.modiba@ul.ac.za and 2 ... more Telephone: 1 <+27 (0) 722857575>, 2 <+27 (0)839771419> E-mail: 1 <Solomon.modiba@ul.ac.za> and 2 <uwizeyimanadde@yahoo.com> ABSTRACT The paper reports and discusses how practitioners in institutions aspire for space, variety and independence to be themselves. This is a 21 st century phenomenon occurring in public secondary schools. The paper is conceptual and empirical in nature within the qualitative research paradigm. The question guiding the paper is to what extent is the desire to operate independently by practitioners in schools, leads to efficacious schooling? Literature study and interviewing technique were used to collect data. Out of the population of 543 schools across Limpopo Province's districts, twelve schools were conveniently sampled. Findings reveal a desire by practitioners to be free to articulate their ideas on the management of themselves and their institutions currently and in future. Practitioners aspire to be valued and are susceptible to monotony. The researchers recommend that further studies regarding longing for space, a different leadership style and independence by the 21 st century institutional incumbents, be undertaken.

Zimbabwe's public policy trajectory has courted global attention specifically through its redistr... more Zimbabwe's public policy trajectory has courted global attention specifically through its redistributive policies that include the land reform programme – which was implemented in the first decade of independence; and the black economic empowerment programme, which was implemented in the 1990s through affirmative action initiatives until the enactment of the comprehensive Indigenisation and Economic Empowerment Act in 2007. Notably, indigenisation has been the rallying ideology undergirding the state's redistribution agenda since the 1980s. Over time, the understanding and application of the concept have raised serious questions on aspects of autochthony, nativity, belonging, and citizenship. Evidence on the ground suggests that the concept has been deliberately twisted, highly politicised, and manipulated as an instrument of exclusionary politics played at racial, political, class, and nationality levels, with the effect of calculatively side-lining potential beneficiaries, as well as facilitating the expropriation and dispossession of critical resources and assets from perceived " foreigners " in the country. Politicisation of indigenisation, economic empowerment, and autochthony has thrust clientelism, cronyism, loyalty, and political correctness as major criteria for accessing benefits of ownership and control of key strategic resources such as land and minerals, as well as shareholding in economic empowerment deals.

There have been robust debates on the role that the different leadership regimes that have altern... more There have been robust debates on the role that the different leadership regimes that have alternated in Rwanda have had on social exclusion, which have affected different ethnic groups before and after the independence of the country (1962). Literature and the media tend to project a rosy picture of the economic development, the inter-ethnic reconciliation, and the social inclusion that are said to have been taking place under the leadership of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)-led government since 1994. The literature also tends to blame the two post-independence governments led by the two Hutu presidents and the Belgian colonisers for the social exclusion that has affected the different ethnic groups in Rwanda. This social exclusion is often associated with the inter-ethnic conflict that has taken place in Rwanda for many years and which culminated in the 1994 Rwandan genocide. It is important to acknowledge the economic growth that has been achieved by the Rwandan government since taking power in 1994 (Uwizeyimana 2016). However, if we continue to ignore, or at worst, outright reject evidence that points to the fact that alternation of Hutu and Tutsi 2 and the colonial leadership to power in Rwanda has caused ethnic groups to accuse each other of practising social and economic exclusion, we run the risk of repeating the mistakes that led to the 1959 Hutu revolution and the RPF attack in 1990, which culminated in the 1994 genocide. The purpose of this article is to discuss the developmental path of public leadership and development discourses in the Republic of Rwanda since precolonial eras to the present, and to assess the validity of claims that the leaderships of various ethnic groups have practised social exclusion that favoured members of their own ethnic groups at the expense of other ethnic groups. This research follows a historical research approach. The methodology used in this research was mainly qualitative and relied on a robust literature survey of published and non-published print and electronic media, as well as a document analysis of the complex nature and processes of shifts in public leadership and social exclusion associated with these changes in Rwanda. This study found sufficient evidence to support the conclusion that social exclusion targeting the three ethnic groups has indeed taken place in Rwanda when the leadership of the country changed from one ethnic group

The paper reports and discusses how practitioners in institutions aspire for space, variety and i... more The paper reports and discusses how practitioners in institutions aspire for space, variety and independence to be themselves. This is a 21 st century phenomenon occurring in public secondary schools. The paper is conceptual and empirical in nature within the qualitative research paradigm. The question guiding the paper is to what extent is the desire to operate independently by practitioners in schools, leads to efficacious schooling? Literature study and interviewing technique were used to collect data. Out of the population of 543 schools across Limpopo Province's districts, twelve schools were conveniently sampled. Findings reveal a desire by practitioners to be free to articulate their ideas on the management of themselves and their institutions currently and in future. Practitioners aspire to be valued and are susceptible to monotony. The researchers recommend that further studies regarding longing for space, a different leadership style and independence by the 21 st century institutional incumbents, be undertaken.