Doris Chirinos Peinado - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Doris Chirinos Peinado
Journal of Applied Animal Research, May 27, 2022
Toxics
The dairy basin of the Mantaro River located in the centre of Peru faces serious anthropogenic di... more The dairy basin of the Mantaro River located in the centre of Peru faces serious anthropogenic disturbances as it receives emissions and discharges from the metallurgical mining activity located in the headwaters of the basin and milk contaminated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) endangers the environmental and human health, especially children. To measure the concentrations of Pb and Cd in milk and the dangers of their consumption in the Peruvian population, 40 milk samples were collected and quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentration of Pb in milk was 15 ± 2.6 µg/kg, which represented 75% of the Maximum Limit (ML), and that of Cd was 505 ± 123 µg/kg, which exceeded the ML by more than 194 times. The estimated weekly intake of Pb for people aged 2–85 years was below the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) references, determining risk coefficients (CRD) < 1. Weekly Cd intake was much higher than the PTWIs and CRDs were between 14 and 34, indicating...
The digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and the concentrati... more The digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and the concentration of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of bovine cheek meal (CM), included in 15 and 20% were compared. The bovine cheeks not chemically contaminated, prior to the pre-tanning stage of the hides, were collected, washed, cooked, dried, and ground for their nutritional evaluation. As the CM cannot constitute 100% of the guinea pig diet, to estimate its digestibility the indigestibility coefficients of a reference diet (Barley meal-BM) were used and assuming that the indigestibility of the BM is the same in the diets with 15% and 20% CM the digestibility of CM was estimated. Twelve six-month-old male guinea pigs were used, divided into three groups of four animals per group, housed in individual metabolic cages for the total collection of urine-free feces. The DM, CP and EE digestibility’s of CM-15% and CM-20% were 72.30, 95.71 and 78.34%, and 76.34, 96.03 and 82.37%, an...
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 2017
El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la edad de alpacas Huacaya en el aprendizaje temprano a ... more El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la edad de alpacas Huacaya en el aprendizaje temprano a la ingesta de concentrado con influencia materna previa, sustentado en la susceptibilidad de las alpacas jóvenes de no ingerir concentrados a causa de la neofobia. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la sierra central del Perú, con 30 crías de alpaca (y sus madres), distribuidas en tres grupos de 10 animales de 2, 3 y 4 meses de edad por cada grupo. Se les ofreció un concentrado por 15 días a base de subproducto de trigo, cebada molida, pasta de algodón, melaza y sales minerales, y se evaluó la aceptación diaria. El 80% de las crías de cuatro meses aceptaron el concentrado a los 8.8 ± 0.5 días (p<0.05). Al día 11, 4 de las 10 crías de dos meses de edad aceptaron el concentrado, y al día 13 todas aceptaron el concentrado, mientras que todas las crías de tres meses de edad aceptaron el concentrado al día 11. La uniformización del consumo de concentrado fue mejor en las crías de cuatro meses con 10.0 ± 1.0 días, siendo para los de 2 y 3 meses a los 12.6 ± 0.9 y 12.0 ± 1.0 días, respectivamente (p<0.05). El consumo voluntario fue mayor en las crías de tres meses con 56.7 ±18.5 g (p<0.05), evidenciando que la mejor edad para el aprendizaje temprano de las alpacas al consumo de concentrado fue a los tres meses de edad.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú
La investigación se realizó en una granja ubicada en la sierra central del Perú, a 3270 msnm, par... more La investigación se realizó en una granja ubicada en la sierra central del Perú, a 3270 msnm, para determinar el efecto del uso de niveles de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida de pollos broilers. Se utilizaron 200 pollos Cobb desde el primer día de edad. Las aves fueron distribuidas en cuatro grupos de 50, en iguales proporciones de machos y hembras. Los tratamientos fueron: T1: Agua de bebida sola (control); T2: 87.5% de agua de bebida + 12.5% de líquido ruminal; T3: 75% de agua de bebida + 25% de líquido ruminal; T4: 62.5% de agua de bebida + 37.5% de líquido ruminal. Los pollos fueron alimentados con un concentrado de ‘inicio’ durante tres semanas. La inclusión de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida mejoró la ganancia de peso y la conversión alimenticia (p<0.01). El empleo de 37.5% de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida permitió tener 19.4% más de ganancia de peso y 15.5% más de conversión alimenticia.
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 2013
To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Per... more To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Peru. A cross-sectional study was carried out, the population of which consisted of pregnant women who had lived for at least two years in the city of La Oroya, at the time when the lead, copper and zinc foundries operated normally. A blood sample was obtained from the pregnant women before delivery and, after delivery, from the neonate's umbilical cord and placenta. Lead levels in those samples were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Pearson's squared regressions and correlations were determined. Forty normal deliveries were studied. The average blood lead levels in the mother, umbilical cord and placenta were 27.4 ± 15.6 ug/dL; 19.0 ± 12.6 ug/dL and 319.0 ± 215.9 ug/100 g, respectively. 67.5% of the neonates registered levels higher than 10 ug/dL. Pb levels in the umbilical cord accounted for 69.4% of Pb level in maternal blood. The correlation coeff...
Prospectiva Universitaria
El estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional fue realizado utilizando la base de datos gen... more El estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional fue realizado utilizando la base de datos generada en diferentes trabajos conducidos por los responsables del presente proyecto, en 84 familias con niños menores de 5 años de laprovincia de Concepción, distritos de Chambará, Orcotuna y Aco, para determinar la relación entre la situación agroalimentaria familiar y el estado nutricional de los niños menores de 5 años. Finalizado el estudio se evidenció que la producción agroalimentaria de las familias evaluadas no permite cubrir satisfactoriamente sus necesidades alimentarias, debido a múltiples causas como el uso de tecnologías inadecuadas, estacionalidad climática y la prevalencia del consumo de dietas energéticas. El 36,9% de los niños evaluados tuvieron desnutrición crónica y el 58,3% de ellos tuvieron algún grado de anemia. El porcentaje de desnutrición crónica de los niños evaluados se asocia inversamente con el nivel educativo de las madres de familia, hogares adecuadamente co...
Translational Animal Science, 2021
To formulate economically viable foods and achieve high performance in guinea pig production, it ... more To formulate economically viable foods and achieve high performance in guinea pig production, it is important to know the nutritional value of the feeds, which requires determining their chemical composition, availability of nutrients, and energy content. Chemical analysis, digestibility tests, and digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of 63 feeds were determined using male guinea pigs of 4–5 mo of age. The test feeds were fodder, agricultural residues, agro-industrial and kitchen waste, energy flours, and protein flours of animal and vegetable origin. The result showed wide variability in the chemical composition and energy density of the feeds evaluated. In the case of forages, the main feed source for the guinea pigs, the average contents ± SD of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), organic matter (OM), DE, and ME were 18.06 ± 6.50%, 23.08 ± 7.14%, 89.95 ± 2.62%, 2963.71 ± 442.68, and 2430.24 ± 363.00 kcal/kg; for the agro-industrial and kitchen waste, the...
Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas, 2021
The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the... more The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The contribution of the present is to identify the species of pasture most consumed by alpacas tuis an...
PeerJ, 2021
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large min... more Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large mining and metallurgical companies in the central highlands of Peru that have been active for almost a century and contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, affecting food quality and causing damage to the environment and human health. Our study, conducted in 2018, assessed the content and transfer of lead in the soil-root-plant system in the high Andean grasslands in a geographical area near the metallurgical complex of La Oroya. Lead levels were measured in 120 samples of top soil (0–20 cm), roots, and grass shoots by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. No significant differences were found between the soil pH, organic matter content, and lead among the samples evaluated (P > 0.05). Mean Pb concentrations decreased in the order of soil > root > shoot (P < 0.01) (212.36 ± 38.40, 154.65 ± 52.85 and 19.71 ± 2.81 mg/kg, respectively). The soil-to-root Pb bioconcentration fac...
Milk quality is affected by the concentration of lead (Pb) in soil and pasture grasses used to ra... more Milk quality is affected by the concentration of lead (Pb) in soil and pasture grasses used to raise cattle, especially in areas near mining-metallurgical complexes. In this study, the Pb content of soil and its transfer to grass and dairy milk in an area located to 20 km from the La Oroya Metallurgical Complex in Peru (altitude, >3,700 m s.a.l) was measured. Twenty soil samples (0–30 cm depth), 20 grass samples were collected, and 0.5 L of milk was obtained from 20 lactating cow in the communal cowshed. The Pb concentration (mg/kg) was quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a commercial Pb standard as quality control. The Pb average concentration in the soil, grass, and milk samples were 217.81 ± 39.48, 20.09 ± 2.83, and 0.58 ± 0.018 mg/kg (P < 0.01), respectively. The transfer factor (ratio of metal concentration) for Pb from soil to grass and from grass to milk was 0.095 and 0.031, respectively. The soil, grass, and milk samples all presented high Pb conce...
espanolFundamentos: La anemia infantil es un problema critico en zonas altoandinas del Peru por s... more espanolFundamentos: La anemia infantil es un problema critico en zonas altoandinas del Peru por su asociacion con la morbi-mortalidad materno infantil e impacto negativo en el desarrollo emocional, cognitivo y motor de los ninos. Se ha realizado un estudio para determinar la prevalencia de anemia en la poblacion infantil del distrito de Tunanmarca y establecer su relacion con factores socioeconomicos y productivos. Metodos: Se encuesto a 48 familias campesinas del distrito de Tunanmarca. Se midio el contenido de hemoglobina de sus hijos menores de 5 anos, previo consentimiento informado. Las asociaciones entre variables se determinaron con pruebas de Chi cuadrado y R de Spearman, con un p Resultados: La prevalencia de anemia infantil fue 86%, distribuidos en 34,9% de anemia leve, 46,5% de anemia moderada y 4,7% de anemia severa. Las prevalencias de enfermedades diarreicas y respiratorias agudas fueron 16,7 y 25%. La anemia infantil se asocia con algunas variables socioeconomicas y p...
![Research paper thumbnail of [Lead levels in pregnant women and newborns in la Oroya City, Peru]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/77211928/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](OBJECTIVES To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical ... more OBJECTIVES To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Peru. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out, the population of which consisted of pregnant women who had lived for at least two years in the city of La Oroya, at the time when the lead, copper and zinc foundries operated normally. A blood sample was obtained from the pregnant women before delivery and, after delivery, from the neonate's umbilical cord and placenta. Lead levels in those samples were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Pearson's squared regressions and correlations were determined. RESULTS Forty normal deliveries were studied. The average blood lead levels in the mother, umbilical cord and placenta were 27.4 ± 15.6 ug/dL; 19.0 ± 12.6 ug/dL and 319.0 ± 215.9 ug/100 g, respectively. 67.5% of the neonates registered levels higher than 10 ug/dL. Pb levels in the umbilical cord accounted for 69.4% of Pb level...
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2020
Lead concentration on surface soil (0-20 cm), root and aerial part of natural and cultivated past... more Lead concentration on surface soil (0-20 cm), root and aerial part of natural and cultivated pastures were evaluated, in the rainy season (March 2018), collected in 20 sites of a rural community located 20 km from the La Oroya metallurgical complex , which has been emitting to the environment particulate material with heavy metals since 1922. Lead concentration was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The data was statistically processed in SPSS 23. Lead levels in the soil, root and aerial part of the cultivated pastures were 224.75 ± 39.41, 169.13 + 58.79 and 20.73 ± 2.52 mg / kg (p <0.01). In natural pastures values were 210.87a ± 40.37, 184.36b + 52.66 and 19.47c ± 3.12 mg / kg (p <0.01). There are no differences between cultivated and natural pastures. Lead transfer factor from soil to root of cultivated and natural pastures was 0.75 and 0.87. Lead transfer factor value from soil to aerial part of cultivated and natural pastures was 0.092 in both. High lead content in soil and aerial part of the pastures used as food for high Andean cattle is a public health problem; livestock products produced in these soils would not be fit for human consumption.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, May 31, 2018
(4000 msnm), Perú, se determinó la composición química proximal, los coeficientes de digestibilid... more (4000 msnm), Perú, se determinó la composición química proximal, los coeficientes de digestibilidad, el contenido de nutrientes digestibles totales, el consumo voluntario y la ingesta proteica del rastrojo picado de maca. Se utilizaron 4 cuyes machos de 4 meses de edad de la raza Wanka dispuestos en jaulas metabólicas que permiten colectar heces libres de orina. Los contenidos de humedad (H), materia seca (MS), proteína total (PT), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra cruda (FC), extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN) y ceniza del rastrojo de maca fueron 11.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, Oct 11, 2017
Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in ... more Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in the central coast of Peru were compared. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and diluted with Tris-fructose-egg yolk. The individual progressive motility, the membrane integrity by the hypoosmotic text (HOST), and sperm
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal
The differences of stunting through socioeconomic and productive indicators in high Andean commun... more The differences of stunting through socioeconomic and productive indicators in high Andean community of Peru were evaluated (11°42′58.16″ S, 75°37′31.13″ W, altitude 3470 m). Cross-sectional study in 52 mothers with children under 5 years old was carried. A validated nutritional survey was applied. Z-scores height for age and nutritional status were determined using anthropometric methods and WHO criteria. The prevalence of stunting was evaluated by maternal educational level, food and health practices, economic level and family food production. Chi-square tests and Spearman correlations were performed in order to establish associations to P <0.05. Prevalence of stunting was 44.2%. The factors associated with stunting (P <0.05) were: Do not use gas for cooking (r=0.530), weekly economic income <50.00 dollars (r=0.503), weekly expenditure on family food <31.00 dollars (r=0.648), per capita / day expenditure on food <1.10 dollars (r=0.591), mother without studies (r=0.454), no own home ownership (r=0.413), consumption of food before 6 months old (r=0.410), low frequency of quinoa consumption (r=0.423), and fish (r=0.421), presence of childhood anemia (r=0.407); inadequate venting of smoke in the kitchen (r=0.491), not having soap for personal hygiene (r=0.413) and not having a bathroom (r=0.413). Stunting is associated with various socioeconomic, productive and access factors to food. These results demonstrate socioeconomic and productive disparities for stunting in rural high Andean areas of central Peru, taking as a model the community of Tunanmarca in Jauja.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, Feb 4, 2020
Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (... more Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (T3) 20 t/ha sobre el rendimiento de forraje verde (FV), materia seca (MS), altura de planta (AP) y proteína total (PT) de la alfalfa en una pradera de Huancayo (Junín, Perú). El abonamiento se hizo al primer día del estudio y al inicio de la semana 6. El primer corte se hizo a los 42 días del primer abonamiento y el segundo corte a los 35 días del segundo abonamiento. Los rendimientos al segundo corte de FV en T1, T2 y T3 fueron de 18.6, 23.5 y 26.8 t/ha (p<0.05), de MS de 2.5, 7.0 y 7.1 t/ha (p<0.05), de PT de 0.8, 1.0 y 1.2 t/ha (p<0.05) y de AP de 60.8, 66.9 y 63.8 cm, respectivamente (p<0.05). Se demuestra que es posible emplear compost de guano de pollos broiler para obtener una mayor producción orgánica de alfalfa.
Journal of Applied Animal Research, May 27, 2022
Toxics
The dairy basin of the Mantaro River located in the centre of Peru faces serious anthropogenic di... more The dairy basin of the Mantaro River located in the centre of Peru faces serious anthropogenic disturbances as it receives emissions and discharges from the metallurgical mining activity located in the headwaters of the basin and milk contaminated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) endangers the environmental and human health, especially children. To measure the concentrations of Pb and Cd in milk and the dangers of their consumption in the Peruvian population, 40 milk samples were collected and quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentration of Pb in milk was 15 ± 2.6 µg/kg, which represented 75% of the Maximum Limit (ML), and that of Cd was 505 ± 123 µg/kg, which exceeded the ML by more than 194 times. The estimated weekly intake of Pb for people aged 2–85 years was below the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) references, determining risk coefficients (CRD) < 1. Weekly Cd intake was much higher than the PTWIs and CRDs were between 14 and 34, indicating...
The digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and the concentrati... more The digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and the concentration of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) of bovine cheek meal (CM), included in 15 and 20% were compared. The bovine cheeks not chemically contaminated, prior to the pre-tanning stage of the hides, were collected, washed, cooked, dried, and ground for their nutritional evaluation. As the CM cannot constitute 100% of the guinea pig diet, to estimate its digestibility the indigestibility coefficients of a reference diet (Barley meal-BM) were used and assuming that the indigestibility of the BM is the same in the diets with 15% and 20% CM the digestibility of CM was estimated. Twelve six-month-old male guinea pigs were used, divided into three groups of four animals per group, housed in individual metabolic cages for the total collection of urine-free feces. The DM, CP and EE digestibility’s of CM-15% and CM-20% were 72.30, 95.71 and 78.34%, and 76.34, 96.03 and 82.37%, an...
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, 2017
El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la edad de alpacas Huacaya en el aprendizaje temprano a ... more El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la edad de alpacas Huacaya en el aprendizaje temprano a la ingesta de concentrado con influencia materna previa, sustentado en la susceptibilidad de las alpacas jóvenes de no ingerir concentrados a causa de la neofobia. El estudio se llevó a cabo en la sierra central del Perú, con 30 crías de alpaca (y sus madres), distribuidas en tres grupos de 10 animales de 2, 3 y 4 meses de edad por cada grupo. Se les ofreció un concentrado por 15 días a base de subproducto de trigo, cebada molida, pasta de algodón, melaza y sales minerales, y se evaluó la aceptación diaria. El 80% de las crías de cuatro meses aceptaron el concentrado a los 8.8 ± 0.5 días (p<0.05). Al día 11, 4 de las 10 crías de dos meses de edad aceptaron el concentrado, y al día 13 todas aceptaron el concentrado, mientras que todas las crías de tres meses de edad aceptaron el concentrado al día 11. La uniformización del consumo de concentrado fue mejor en las crías de cuatro meses con 10.0 ± 1.0 días, siendo para los de 2 y 3 meses a los 12.6 ± 0.9 y 12.0 ± 1.0 días, respectivamente (p<0.05). El consumo voluntario fue mayor en las crías de tres meses con 56.7 ±18.5 g (p<0.05), evidenciando que la mejor edad para el aprendizaje temprano de las alpacas al consumo de concentrado fue a los tres meses de edad.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú
La investigación se realizó en una granja ubicada en la sierra central del Perú, a 3270 msnm, par... more La investigación se realizó en una granja ubicada en la sierra central del Perú, a 3270 msnm, para determinar el efecto del uso de niveles de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida de pollos broilers. Se utilizaron 200 pollos Cobb desde el primer día de edad. Las aves fueron distribuidas en cuatro grupos de 50, en iguales proporciones de machos y hembras. Los tratamientos fueron: T1: Agua de bebida sola (control); T2: 87.5% de agua de bebida + 12.5% de líquido ruminal; T3: 75% de agua de bebida + 25% de líquido ruminal; T4: 62.5% de agua de bebida + 37.5% de líquido ruminal. Los pollos fueron alimentados con un concentrado de ‘inicio’ durante tres semanas. La inclusión de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida mejoró la ganancia de peso y la conversión alimenticia (p<0.01). El empleo de 37.5% de líquido ruminal en el agua de bebida permitió tener 19.4% más de ganancia de peso y 15.5% más de conversión alimenticia.
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 2013
To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Per... more To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Peru. A cross-sectional study was carried out, the population of which consisted of pregnant women who had lived for at least two years in the city of La Oroya, at the time when the lead, copper and zinc foundries operated normally. A blood sample was obtained from the pregnant women before delivery and, after delivery, from the neonate's umbilical cord and placenta. Lead levels in those samples were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Pearson's squared regressions and correlations were determined. Forty normal deliveries were studied. The average blood lead levels in the mother, umbilical cord and placenta were 27.4 ± 15.6 ug/dL; 19.0 ± 12.6 ug/dL and 319.0 ± 215.9 ug/100 g, respectively. 67.5% of the neonates registered levels higher than 10 ug/dL. Pb levels in the umbilical cord accounted for 69.4% of Pb level in maternal blood. The correlation coeff...
Prospectiva Universitaria
El estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional fue realizado utilizando la base de datos gen... more El estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional fue realizado utilizando la base de datos generada en diferentes trabajos conducidos por los responsables del presente proyecto, en 84 familias con niños menores de 5 años de laprovincia de Concepción, distritos de Chambará, Orcotuna y Aco, para determinar la relación entre la situación agroalimentaria familiar y el estado nutricional de los niños menores de 5 años. Finalizado el estudio se evidenció que la producción agroalimentaria de las familias evaluadas no permite cubrir satisfactoriamente sus necesidades alimentarias, debido a múltiples causas como el uso de tecnologías inadecuadas, estacionalidad climática y la prevalencia del consumo de dietas energéticas. El 36,9% de los niños evaluados tuvieron desnutrición crónica y el 58,3% de ellos tuvieron algún grado de anemia. El porcentaje de desnutrición crónica de los niños evaluados se asocia inversamente con el nivel educativo de las madres de familia, hogares adecuadamente co...
Translational Animal Science, 2021
To formulate economically viable foods and achieve high performance in guinea pig production, it ... more To formulate economically viable foods and achieve high performance in guinea pig production, it is important to know the nutritional value of the feeds, which requires determining their chemical composition, availability of nutrients, and energy content. Chemical analysis, digestibility tests, and digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content of 63 feeds were determined using male guinea pigs of 4–5 mo of age. The test feeds were fodder, agricultural residues, agro-industrial and kitchen waste, energy flours, and protein flours of animal and vegetable origin. The result showed wide variability in the chemical composition and energy density of the feeds evaluated. In the case of forages, the main feed source for the guinea pigs, the average contents ± SD of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), organic matter (OM), DE, and ME were 18.06 ± 6.50%, 23.08 ± 7.14%, 89.95 ± 2.62%, 2963.71 ± 442.68, and 2430.24 ± 363.00 kcal/kg; for the agro-industrial and kitchen waste, the...
Revista de Investigaciones Altoandinas, 2021
The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the... more The research was carried out in the alpaca production unit of the Tomas Peasant Community, of the Lima Region, with the aim of identifying the floristic component of the pasture of a wetland area in the dry season of the year and the species that were most consumed by alpacas. Previously, the floristic inventory of 5 hectares of pasture was carried out and 10 mother alpacas and 10 tuis alpacas were assigned. During the study period, stool samples were taken to evaluate the diet by the microhistological method. The chemical components of the six main species of grasses most consumed were analyzed. In the initial inventory 36 species were found, of which the most consumed were 10 that made up approximately 80% of the diet. Chemical analysis shows a crude fiber content in a range between 66,23 to 77,24%, crude protein between 2.49 to 5,21% and vitamin A between 0,08 to 0,37 mg / 100g. The contribution of the present is to identify the species of pasture most consumed by alpacas tuis an...
PeerJ, 2021
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large min... more Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large mining and metallurgical companies in the central highlands of Peru that have been active for almost a century and contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, affecting food quality and causing damage to the environment and human health. Our study, conducted in 2018, assessed the content and transfer of lead in the soil-root-plant system in the high Andean grasslands in a geographical area near the metallurgical complex of La Oroya. Lead levels were measured in 120 samples of top soil (0–20 cm), roots, and grass shoots by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. No significant differences were found between the soil pH, organic matter content, and lead among the samples evaluated (P > 0.05). Mean Pb concentrations decreased in the order of soil > root > shoot (P < 0.01) (212.36 ± 38.40, 154.65 ± 52.85 and 19.71 ± 2.81 mg/kg, respectively). The soil-to-root Pb bioconcentration fac...
Milk quality is affected by the concentration of lead (Pb) in soil and pasture grasses used to ra... more Milk quality is affected by the concentration of lead (Pb) in soil and pasture grasses used to raise cattle, especially in areas near mining-metallurgical complexes. In this study, the Pb content of soil and its transfer to grass and dairy milk in an area located to 20 km from the La Oroya Metallurgical Complex in Peru (altitude, >3,700 m s.a.l) was measured. Twenty soil samples (0–30 cm depth), 20 grass samples were collected, and 0.5 L of milk was obtained from 20 lactating cow in the communal cowshed. The Pb concentration (mg/kg) was quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using a commercial Pb standard as quality control. The Pb average concentration in the soil, grass, and milk samples were 217.81 ± 39.48, 20.09 ± 2.83, and 0.58 ± 0.018 mg/kg (P < 0.01), respectively. The transfer factor (ratio of metal concentration) for Pb from soil to grass and from grass to milk was 0.095 and 0.031, respectively. The soil, grass, and milk samples all presented high Pb conce...
espanolFundamentos: La anemia infantil es un problema critico en zonas altoandinas del Peru por s... more espanolFundamentos: La anemia infantil es un problema critico en zonas altoandinas del Peru por su asociacion con la morbi-mortalidad materno infantil e impacto negativo en el desarrollo emocional, cognitivo y motor de los ninos. Se ha realizado un estudio para determinar la prevalencia de anemia en la poblacion infantil del distrito de Tunanmarca y establecer su relacion con factores socioeconomicos y productivos. Metodos: Se encuesto a 48 familias campesinas del distrito de Tunanmarca. Se midio el contenido de hemoglobina de sus hijos menores de 5 anos, previo consentimiento informado. Las asociaciones entre variables se determinaron con pruebas de Chi cuadrado y R de Spearman, con un p Resultados: La prevalencia de anemia infantil fue 86%, distribuidos en 34,9% de anemia leve, 46,5% de anemia moderada y 4,7% de anemia severa. Las prevalencias de enfermedades diarreicas y respiratorias agudas fueron 16,7 y 25%. La anemia infantil se asocia con algunas variables socioeconomicas y p...
OBJECTIVES To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical ... more OBJECTIVES To determine blood-lead (Pb) levels in pregnant women and neonates in a metallurgical city of Peru. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out, the population of which consisted of pregnant women who had lived for at least two years in the city of La Oroya, at the time when the lead, copper and zinc foundries operated normally. A blood sample was obtained from the pregnant women before delivery and, after delivery, from the neonate's umbilical cord and placenta. Lead levels in those samples were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Pearson's squared regressions and correlations were determined. RESULTS Forty normal deliveries were studied. The average blood lead levels in the mother, umbilical cord and placenta were 27.4 ± 15.6 ug/dL; 19.0 ± 12.6 ug/dL and 319.0 ± 215.9 ug/100 g, respectively. 67.5% of the neonates registered levels higher than 10 ug/dL. Pb levels in the umbilical cord accounted for 69.4% of Pb level...
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2020
Lead concentration on surface soil (0-20 cm), root and aerial part of natural and cultivated past... more Lead concentration on surface soil (0-20 cm), root and aerial part of natural and cultivated pastures were evaluated, in the rainy season (March 2018), collected in 20 sites of a rural community located 20 km from the La Oroya metallurgical complex , which has been emitting to the environment particulate material with heavy metals since 1922. Lead concentration was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The data was statistically processed in SPSS 23. Lead levels in the soil, root and aerial part of the cultivated pastures were 224.75 ± 39.41, 169.13 + 58.79 and 20.73 ± 2.52 mg / kg (p <0.01). In natural pastures values were 210.87a ± 40.37, 184.36b + 52.66 and 19.47c ± 3.12 mg / kg (p <0.01). There are no differences between cultivated and natural pastures. Lead transfer factor from soil to root of cultivated and natural pastures was 0.75 and 0.87. Lead transfer factor value from soil to aerial part of cultivated and natural pastures was 0.092 in both. High lead content in soil and aerial part of the pastures used as food for high Andean cattle is a public health problem; livestock products produced in these soils would not be fit for human consumption.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, May 31, 2018
(4000 msnm), Perú, se determinó la composición química proximal, los coeficientes de digestibilid... more (4000 msnm), Perú, se determinó la composición química proximal, los coeficientes de digestibilidad, el contenido de nutrientes digestibles totales, el consumo voluntario y la ingesta proteica del rastrojo picado de maca. Se utilizaron 4 cuyes machos de 4 meses de edad de la raza Wanka dispuestos en jaulas metabólicas que permiten colectar heces libres de orina. Los contenidos de humedad (H), materia seca (MS), proteína total (PT), extracto etéreo (EE), fibra cruda (FC), extracto libre de nitrógeno (ELN) y ceniza del rastrojo de maca fueron 11.
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, Oct 11, 2017
Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in ... more Chilled semen quality of Assaf and Blackbelly rams used in artificial insemination and raised in the central coast of Peru were compared. Semen was collected with an artificial vagina and diluted with Tris-fructose-egg yolk. The individual progressive motility, the membrane integrity by the hypoosmotic text (HOST), and sperm
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal
The differences of stunting through socioeconomic and productive indicators in high Andean commun... more The differences of stunting through socioeconomic and productive indicators in high Andean community of Peru were evaluated (11°42′58.16″ S, 75°37′31.13″ W, altitude 3470 m). Cross-sectional study in 52 mothers with children under 5 years old was carried. A validated nutritional survey was applied. Z-scores height for age and nutritional status were determined using anthropometric methods and WHO criteria. The prevalence of stunting was evaluated by maternal educational level, food and health practices, economic level and family food production. Chi-square tests and Spearman correlations were performed in order to establish associations to P <0.05. Prevalence of stunting was 44.2%. The factors associated with stunting (P <0.05) were: Do not use gas for cooking (r=0.530), weekly economic income <50.00 dollars (r=0.503), weekly expenditure on family food <31.00 dollars (r=0.648), per capita / day expenditure on food <1.10 dollars (r=0.591), mother without studies (r=0.454), no own home ownership (r=0.413), consumption of food before 6 months old (r=0.410), low frequency of quinoa consumption (r=0.423), and fish (r=0.421), presence of childhood anemia (r=0.407); inadequate venting of smoke in the kitchen (r=0.491), not having soap for personal hygiene (r=0.413) and not having a bathroom (r=0.413). Stunting is associated with various socioeconomic, productive and access factors to food. These results demonstrate socioeconomic and productive disparities for stunting in rural high Andean areas of central Peru, taking as a model the community of Tunanmarca in Jauja.
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú, Feb 4, 2020
Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (... more Se evaluó el efecto del uso de compost de guano de pollos (CGP) en niveles de (T1) 0, (T2) 10 y (T3) 20 t/ha sobre el rendimiento de forraje verde (FV), materia seca (MS), altura de planta (AP) y proteína total (PT) de la alfalfa en una pradera de Huancayo (Junín, Perú). El abonamiento se hizo al primer día del estudio y al inicio de la semana 6. El primer corte se hizo a los 42 días del primer abonamiento y el segundo corte a los 35 días del segundo abonamiento. Los rendimientos al segundo corte de FV en T1, T2 y T3 fueron de 18.6, 23.5 y 26.8 t/ha (p<0.05), de MS de 2.5, 7.0 y 7.1 t/ha (p<0.05), de PT de 0.8, 1.0 y 1.2 t/ha (p<0.05) y de AP de 60.8, 66.9 y 63.8 cm, respectivamente (p<0.05). Se demuestra que es posible emplear compost de guano de pollos broiler para obtener una mayor producción orgánica de alfalfa.