Doris Obasi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Doris Obasi

Research paper thumbnail of The antioxidant/anti‐inflammatory protective effects of rutin against ethanol‐induced testicular perturbation in rats: Involvement of the immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology

Research paper thumbnail of Rutin co-treatment prevented cognitive impairment/depression-like behavior and decreased IDO activation following 35 days of ethanol administration in male Wistar rats

Research paper thumbnail of Abatement of cyclophosphamide-induced splenic immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and altered hematological indices in Wister rats by dietary quercetin

Immunobiology

The immunotoxicity mediated by cyclophosphamide (CYP) was earlier reported. Quercetin, due to its... more The immunotoxicity mediated by cyclophosphamide (CYP) was earlier reported. Quercetin, due to its anti-oxidative/inflammatory properties elicits a plethora of health benefits. However, the influence of quercetin on the splenic/immunotoxicity linked with CYP-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is unavailable in the literature. We investigated the effects of quercetin on the splenic immunosuppressive IDO and hematological indices of immune response in rats. Animals were treated with CYP (100 mg/kg) alone or co-treated (CYP + quercetin [100 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg respectively]) at days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Results revealed that CYP treatment alone significantly provoked an oxidative-inflammatory response, increased serum kynurenine concentration, and concomitantly increased immunosuppressive IDO and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase (TDO), in the spleen as well as altering hematological indices. Quercetin co-treatment enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lowered levels of nitric oxide, interferon-Υ (IFN-Υ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and reduced kynurenine concentration as well as IDO/TDO activities. Quercetin co-treatment augmented white blood cell (WBC), CD4-T cells, and other hematological indices of the immune response. In conclusion, quercetin prevented CYP-induced alterations in immune response in rats by lowering the activities of immunosuppressive IDO and TDO, inhibiting oxidative-inflammatory stress, diminution of kynurenine concentrations, and augmenting hematological parameters.

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

July-December, 2020

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), ...

Research paper thumbnail of HT2 Applying Multi Criteria Decision Analysis to Guide Healthcare Decision Making in a Developing Country

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

July-December

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), ...

Research paper thumbnail of Cyclophosphamide‐induced testicular oxidative‐inflammatory injury is accompanied by altered immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase in Wister rats: Influence of dietary quercetin

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum Positive Patients Attending out Patient Departments in Awka, South Anambra State

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 2019

Aim: To analyze the Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum positiv... more Aim: To analyze the Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum positive patients attending outpatient departments in AWKA, South Anambra state. Study Design: Blood samples were randomly collected from 210 febrile patients attending the OPD and interviewed on malaria knowledge and management practice, using semi-structured questionnaire from three different clinical laboratories, two of which are hospitals. Place and duration of Study: This study was carried out in Medical Microbiology and Parasitology unit of Anambra State University teaching Hospital, Awka South, South-East Nigeria between February and August, 2013. Methodology: Thick & thin blood smears were stained and examined under microscope. At least 100 oil immersion fields were examined for diagnosis and parasite count was done against 200 WBC from thick smear. The questionnaire was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS (P < 0.05). Results: The national drug policy for...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of parboiling on toxic metal content and nutritional composition of three rice varieties locally produced in Nigeria

Research paper thumbnail of Cyclophosphamide instigated hepatic-renal oxidative/inflammatory stress aggravates immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in male rats: Abatement by quercetin

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

International Journal of One Health, Oct 1, 2020

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), followed by ciprofloxacin (CIP)/ levofloxacin (LEV) (28 [52%]), cefoxitin (FOX) (11 [20%]), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) (6 [11%]). About 60% isolates of stable toxins-ETEC were resistant to AMC, CIP, and LEV while all the labile toxin-ETEC exhibited resistance to AMP. About 60% (n=6) resistance were seen in EAEC against ampicillin, AMC, FOX, CIP, and LEV. In EIEC, all the isolates (n=22) were resistant to AMP while 50% (n=11) were resistant to both CIP and LEV. All EPEC (n=5) were resistant to AMP, FOX, CIP, and LEV. Conclusion: High frequency of virulent ial and eltA/eltB genes for EIEC and ETEC, respectively, suggests that they are the primary etiological agents of diarrhea in children among DEC pathotypes. Resistance of DEC to more than two classes of antibiotics indicate possible emergence of multidrug resistance.

Research paper thumbnail of The antioxidant/anti‐inflammatory protective effects of rutin against ethanol‐induced testicular perturbation in rats: Involvement of the immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology

Research paper thumbnail of Rutin co-treatment prevented cognitive impairment/depression-like behavior and decreased IDO activation following 35 days of ethanol administration in male Wistar rats

Research paper thumbnail of Abatement of cyclophosphamide-induced splenic immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase and altered hematological indices in Wister rats by dietary quercetin

Immunobiology

The immunotoxicity mediated by cyclophosphamide (CYP) was earlier reported. Quercetin, due to its... more The immunotoxicity mediated by cyclophosphamide (CYP) was earlier reported. Quercetin, due to its anti-oxidative/inflammatory properties elicits a plethora of health benefits. However, the influence of quercetin on the splenic/immunotoxicity linked with CYP-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is unavailable in the literature. We investigated the effects of quercetin on the splenic immunosuppressive IDO and hematological indices of immune response in rats. Animals were treated with CYP (100 mg/kg) alone or co-treated (CYP + quercetin [100 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg respectively]) at days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Results revealed that CYP treatment alone significantly provoked an oxidative-inflammatory response, increased serum kynurenine concentration, and concomitantly increased immunosuppressive IDO and tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase (TDO), in the spleen as well as altering hematological indices. Quercetin co-treatment enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes, inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, lowered levels of nitric oxide, interferon-Υ (IFN-Υ), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and reduced kynurenine concentration as well as IDO/TDO activities. Quercetin co-treatment augmented white blood cell (WBC), CD4-T cells, and other hematological indices of the immune response. In conclusion, quercetin prevented CYP-induced alterations in immune response in rats by lowering the activities of immunosuppressive IDO and TDO, inhibiting oxidative-inflammatory stress, diminution of kynurenine concentrations, and augmenting hematological parameters.

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

July-December, 2020

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), ...

Research paper thumbnail of HT2 Applying Multi Criteria Decision Analysis to Guide Healthcare Decision Making in a Developing Country

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

July-December

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), ...

Research paper thumbnail of Cyclophosphamide‐induced testicular oxidative‐inflammatory injury is accompanied by altered immunosuppressive indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase in Wister rats: Influence of dietary quercetin

Research paper thumbnail of Analysis of Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum Positive Patients Attending out Patient Departments in Awka, South Anambra State

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health, 2019

Aim: To analyze the Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum positiv... more Aim: To analyze the Knowledge Management Practice Studies among the Plasmodium falciparum positive patients attending outpatient departments in AWKA, South Anambra state. Study Design: Blood samples were randomly collected from 210 febrile patients attending the OPD and interviewed on malaria knowledge and management practice, using semi-structured questionnaire from three different clinical laboratories, two of which are hospitals. Place and duration of Study: This study was carried out in Medical Microbiology and Parasitology unit of Anambra State University teaching Hospital, Awka South, South-East Nigeria between February and August, 2013. Methodology: Thick & thin blood smears were stained and examined under microscope. At least 100 oil immersion fields were examined for diagnosis and parasite count was done against 200 WBC from thick smear. The questionnaire was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS (P < 0.05). Results: The national drug policy for...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of parboiling on toxic metal content and nutritional composition of three rice varieties locally produced in Nigeria

Research paper thumbnail of Cyclophosphamide instigated hepatic-renal oxidative/inflammatory stress aggravates immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in male rats: Abatement by quercetin

Research paper thumbnail of The frequency of virulent genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from stools of children presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria

International Journal of One Health, Oct 1, 2020

Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns amon... more Aim: This study was aimed to determine the virulent genes and antibiotic resistance patterns among circulating diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in a tertiary care health center in east of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Diarrheal stool samples were obtained from 80 children under 5 years and E. coli was isolated and identified using standard biochemical and molecular methods. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect eight virulent genes of DEC. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of DEC. Results: DEC infection was observed in 54 (68%) children among which ial gene for enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (40% [n=22]) was commonly detected followed by eltA/eltB for enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (30% [n=16]), pCVD for enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (20% [n=11]), and eaeA/bfpA for typical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (10% [n=5]). The DEC isolates phenotypically exhibited resistance for ampicillin (AMP) (44 [81%]), followed by ciprofloxacin (CIP)/ levofloxacin (LEV) (28 [52%]), cefoxitin (FOX) (11 [20%]), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC) (6 [11%]). About 60% isolates of stable toxins-ETEC were resistant to AMC, CIP, and LEV while all the labile toxin-ETEC exhibited resistance to AMP. About 60% (n=6) resistance were seen in EAEC against ampicillin, AMC, FOX, CIP, and LEV. In EIEC, all the isolates (n=22) were resistant to AMP while 50% (n=11) were resistant to both CIP and LEV. All EPEC (n=5) were resistant to AMP, FOX, CIP, and LEV. Conclusion: High frequency of virulent ial and eltA/eltB genes for EIEC and ETEC, respectively, suggests that they are the primary etiological agents of diarrhea in children among DEC pathotypes. Resistance of DEC to more than two classes of antibiotics indicate possible emergence of multidrug resistance.