Dr. Abul Kashem Chowdhury - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr. Abul Kashem Chowdhury

Frontiers in Plant Science

Rice is a key crop for meeting the global food demand and ensuring food security. However, the cr... more Rice is a key crop for meeting the global food demand and ensuring food security. However, the crop has been facing great problems to combat the weed problem. Synthetic herbicides pose a severe threat to the long-term viability of agricultural output, agroecosystems, and human health. Allelochemicals, secondary metabolites of allelopathic plants, are a powerful tool for biological and eco-friendly weed management. The dynamics of weed species in various situations are determined by crop allelopathy. Phenolics and momilactones are the most common allelochemicals responsible for herbicidal effects in rice. The dispersion of allelochemicals is influenced not only by crop variety but also by climatic conditions. The most volatile chemicals, such as terpenoids, are usually emitted by crop plants in drought-stricken areas whereas the plants in humid zones release phytotoxins that are hydrophilic in nature, including phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The allelochemicals can disrupt the...

1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki ... more 1 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki Patuakhali, Bangladesh 2 Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), BAU campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh 3 Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Bangladesh 4 International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Bangladesh *Corresponding author email: nazmul02348@gmail.com Email addresses of coauthors: mahipstu175@gmail.com, kashem@pstu.ac.bd, eftekharmahmud@yahoo.com, alnoormahmud4@gmail.com, sofiur1988@gmail.com, mk.hasan@cgiar.org

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 2017

An investigation was carried out to analysis the genetic diversity of 12 Bangladeshi local Boro r... more An investigation was carried out to analysis the genetic diversity of 12 Bangladeshi local Boro rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using morphological traits and molecular markers. Eight morphological traits (viz., days to 50 percent flowering, growth duration, plant height, filled grain/panicle, 1000 grain weight and grain yield) and eight Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used for this analysis. The plant morphological traits exhibited more variation among the genotypes tested. Several traits were found to be significantly positive in correlation coefficient analysis and thus those traits can be considered stable as demonstrated by their coefficient of variability. A set of eight SSR primer pairs was used for molecular characterization resulting 49 alleles, where average of allele number was 6.13. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.67 (RM1) to 0.86 (RM314) with an average of 0.76. The highest PIC value (0.86) was obtained for RM314 which also gave...

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 2012

Studying genetic variability for abiotic stresses like salt is important for crop improvement. To... more Studying genetic variability for abiotic stresses like salt is important for crop improvement. To identify the genotypic diversity of wheat for salt tolerance, this study was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Rahmatpur, Barisal in 2007-2008 using 12 genotypes under five different salinity levels (e.g. 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m) and control. Plant morphological and yield contributing traits showed a range of variability. Genotypic variabilities were more prominent in plant height, number of spikes plant-1, number of grains plant-1, 100-grain weight and grain yield plant-1. Genotype G40 ranked top for most of the yield related traits followed by G33. While, G24 outperformed over all the genotypes for 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. There was no effect of heading on salinity though other plant characters were affected by increasing level of salinity. Considering the responses of plant characters to salinity G40, G33 ...

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Development of salt tolerance in rice through breeding program is mainly depends on the salinity ... more Development of salt tolerance in rice through breeding program is mainly depends on the salinity responses of the potential rice germplasms. Coastal rice landraces of Bangladesh possess diverse morphological and physiological responses to salinity. Hence, our target is to identify candidate salt-tolerant coastal rice genotypes as a new source of salt tolerance (12 dS/m). Here, we annotated 20 Bangladeshi coastal Aus landrace rice regarding their phenotypic and genetic relatedness to salinity tolerance through multivariate analyses of five morpho-physiological traits namely, salt injury score (SIS), ion-leakage, chlorophyll concentration, root-shoot reduction percentage and profiling of DNA using simple sequence repeat (SSR). Based on the standard evaluation score (SES) the salt-induced coastal rice landraces were grouped into highly susceptible (HS), susceptible (S), moderately tolerant (MT), tolerant (T) and highly tolerant (HT). Besides, a canonical discrimination analysis of the mean trait values of five morpho-physiological parameters confirmed the above mentioned five categories of salinity tolerance. Based on all morpho-physiological parameters one genotype (Kalihytta) as highly tolerant (HT), two genotypes (Manikmuri and Monsur IRRI) as tolerant (T) and five genotypes (Nara, Iratom 27, Matichak, Abdul high IRRI and Parija) were identified as moderately tolerant (MT) against salinity. Finally, the molecular characterization using two SSR markers (RM493 and RM3412) revealed Kalihytta, Nara, Iratom 27, Parija, Lal jamaibabu and Fullbadam, as tolerant against salt stress. Our candidate salt tolerant Aus rice genotypes could be useful as novel sources of salt tolerance for thriving salt-tolerant high yielding varieties in the coastal ecosystem of Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 1970

Genetic divergence among 22 genotypes of lentil was estimated using D2 and principal component an... more Genetic divergence among 22 genotypes of lentil was estimated using D2 and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into four clusters. The intra-cluster value was the maximum in cluster I and the minimum in cluster II. The inter-cluster distance was larger than the intra-cluster distance in all the cases suggesting the wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The inter-cluster value indicated maximum distance between cluster I and II than cluster III and IV. Thus the genetically diverged genotypes of the clusters could be used as parent in hybridization program to get desirable genotypes. Cluster I had the highest mean for days to maturity, plant height, pods/plant and per plot yield while cluster II and III had the highest days to first flowering and 100 seed weight, respectively. Genotypes with these characters in respective groups would, therefore, offer a good scope of improvement of lentil through selection. Key words: Lentil; clus...

Molecules, 2020

TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) with tube lengths of 4, 6, and 7 μm were prepared via two-step anodiz... more TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) with tube lengths of 4, 6, and 7 μm were prepared via two-step anodization. Thereafter, ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) with Au/TiO2/Au structures were prepared using these TNAs with different tube lengths. The effects of TNA length and device area on the performance of the device were investigated using in situ Raman spectroscopy. The maximum laser/dark current ratio was achieved by using a TNA with a size of 1 × 1 cm2 and a length of 7 μm, under a 532 nm laser. In addition, when the device was irradiated with a higher energy laser (325 nm), the UV Raman spectrum was found to be more sensitive than the visible Raman spectrum. At 325 nm, the laser/dark current ratio was nearly 24 times higher than that under a 532 nm laser. Six phonon modes of anatase TNAs were observed, at 144, 199, 395, 514, and 635 cm−1, which were assigned to the Eg(1), Eg(2), B1g(1), A1g/B1g(2), and Eg(3) modes, respectively. The strong low-frequency band at 144 cm−1 was caused...

International Journal of Advanced Geosciences, 2020

The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Re... more The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna during the period from January 2009 to December 2009 to regenerate plants through micropropagation technique using selected explants of sugarcane. In this experiment shoot tip, leaf segment and leaf roll section explants of three sugarcane varieties (Isd 16, Isd 35 and Isd 36) were cultured on shoot inducing MS media with four combinations of NAA and Kn (NAA2.5Kn0.5, NAA5.0Kn0.5, NAA7.5Kn0.5 and NAA10.0Kn0.5 mg/l) to regenerate plants. The proliferated shoots were multiplied on liquid MS media with five combinations of BAP and Kn (BAP0.25Kn0.25, BAP0.5Kn0.25, BAP0.5Kn0.5, BAP1.0Kn0.5 and BAP1.0Kn1.0 mg/l) and further transferred to root inducing MS media fortified with six different concentrations of NAA (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mg/l) for adventitious root formation to raise full-fledged plantlets. The leaf roll section explant of variety I...

Plants, 2021

Rice has been subjected to a great deal of stress during its brief existence, but it nevertheless... more Rice has been subjected to a great deal of stress during its brief existence, but it nevertheless ranked first among cereal crops in terms of demand and productivity. Weeds are characterized as one of the major biotic stresses by many researchers. This research aims to determine the most potential allelopathic rice variety among selected rice accessions. For obtaining preeminent varieties, seventeen rice genotypes were collected from Bangladesh and Malaysia. Two prevalent procedures, relay seeding and the sandwich technique were employed to screen the seventeen rice (donor) accessions against barnyard grass (tested plant). In both approaches, only the BR17 variety demonstrated substantial inhibition of germination percentage, root length, and dry matter of barnyard grass. The rice variety BR17 exclusively took the zenith position, and it inhibited the development of barnyard grass by more than 40–41% on an average. BR17 is originated from KN-1B-361-1-8-6-10 (Indonesia) and developed...

This research was designed to identify forty-eight exotic germplasm lines that were genetically a... more This research was designed to identify forty-eight exotic germplasm lines that were genetically and geographically distinct from the existing Thai soybean lines. Using 11 morphological descriptors, all genotypes were classified according to 37 morphological markers which allowed fully discrimination of the cultivars. Similarity indices between cultivars were calculated from 37 binary character states using Dice coefficient, which varied from 0.0 to 0.92 with an average of 0.449. The UPGMA cluster analysis revealed two groups, one formed by 32 cultivars and the other by the remaining 16 cultivars.

Dwarf stature' maize variety offers promises to withstand unfavorable growth environments of Khar... more Dwarf stature' maize variety offers promises to withstand unfavorable growth environments of Kharif season. But, for developing such variety, dwarf stature inbred lines must be available. Here, twenty-four F3 populations of white maize were evaluated though assessment of their genetic variability, heritability, and character association for selection of dwarf stature promising lines based on yield and growth parameters. The populations were developed from F1 hybrids following the pedigree breeding method. Analysis of genetic variability showed that significant variations existed among the populations and the growth characters viz., plant height, cob height, number of grains row-1, and yield plant-1 showed the highest heritability and genetic advance. The correlation revealed that yield plant-1 was positively and significantly associated with plant height, cob length, cob diameter, and grains row-1. The path coefficient analysis indicated that plant height, cob length, cob diameter, rows cob-1 , grains row-1 and 100-grain weight had positive and direct contributions towards yield indicating that these yield attributes might be considered for selection. Finally, based upon the criteria viz., plant height, maturity, base diameter, cob height, and yield potential, the lines G14 and G4 may be selected for high grain yield, while the lines G10, G11, G12, G1, G3, and G16 might be selected as promising dwarf stature lines for developing inbred lines.

Journal of Plant Sciences (Science Publishing Group), 2015

Scientia Horticulturae, 2006

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was employed to identify cultivars and the relat... more Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was employed to identify cultivars and the relationships between 22 morphologically more or less alike genotypes of longan ssp. Fifteen registered cultivars and seven exotic primitive cultivated forms of longan ssp. were used in this study. The 26 primers, selected from 87 initially screened, generated 190 bands of which 102 were reproducible polymorphic and size-separated from 480 to 2300 bp. These polymorphic RAPD markers distinguished 22 genotypes by at least six marker differences. The use of only 28 RAPD markers amplified by primers A39, C59, C62, F10, and F44 were sufficient to identify uniquely all the genotypes, indicating that RAPD markers are efficient for use in genetic fingerprinting in longan ssp. Jaccard's similarity between pairs of genotypes ranged between 0.554 and 0.930 with a mean of 0.672. The unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) dendrogram indicated that 19 genotypes were classified into two major groups. Each group was divided into two subgroups. Most of the genotypes developed/registered from the same country or same breeding center clustered very closely. One Taiwan cultivar 'Fungkok', one Chinese cultivar 'Fuku Yan', and one exotic primitive cultivated form 'Malay' from Malaysia were independently distant from the 19 genotypes of the two main groups. This information would be helpful for future genome mapping programs as well as for the application of intellectual breeder.

Scientia Horticulturae, 2007

Abstract Floral morphology, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment lengt... more Abstract Floral morphology, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were used to characterize and verify genetic diversity within a white sapote cultivar collection and to develop molecular markers for germplasm identification. On the basis of floral morphology, the cultivars were classified into three types: type I included 23 cultivars with large ovaries and small anthers; type II included 13 cultivars with small ovaries and large anthers; and type III included one cultivar, named ‘Maltby’, with a large ovary and large anthers. DNA was isolated from 39 cultivars of white sapote and subjected to RAPD and AFLP analysis using 24 and 7 primers, respectively. One hundred and sixty-eight RAPD and 286 AFLP bands were used to assess genetic characterization among white sapote. Sixty percent of the RAPD and 77% of the AFLP amplification products were polymorphic among accessions. RAPD or AFLP markers differentiated all white sapote cultivars effectively. Moreover, each flower type was characterized as specially associated with two RAPD bands. UPGMA dendrograms based on RAPD and AFLP data, showed the majority of the cultivars from flower type I and flower type II clustering together. Finally 101 RAPD markers and 220 AFLP markers were used to construct a neighbor-joining dendrogram. This showed that the 37 cultivars could be classified into six distinct clusters, between which the similarity coefficient was as low as 0.00–0.55, even though the cultivars were morphologically very similar. The remaining two cultivars namely ‘Smathers’ and ‘Maltby’ were found genetically very distant from the other cultivars in RAPD, AFLP or combined RAPD and AFLP based dendrograms. The results suggested that the level of genetic variation among white sapote cultivars is diverse and the morphological and molecular data may lead to representation of the cultivar relationships as well as flower type discrimination.

Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2003

Citaion: ScienceAsia …, 2010

Morphometric descriptors and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the cl... more Morphometric descriptors and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the classification of acerola cultivars 'Okinawa Sweet' and 'Kagoshima Sweet' grown in Okinawa and Kagoshima Prefecture, respectively by comparison with seven cultivars introduced from Hawaii into the germplasm bank of Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS). Even though cultivar identification could not be achieved by using morphometric descriptors, all the genotypes were classified according to RAPDbased DNA analysis using 57 RAPD markers amplified by 24 primers. Genetic similarities between all the pairwise combinations of cultivars were calculated using Jaccard's coefficient, which ranged between 0.00 to 1.00 with a mean value of 0.304, and 0.077 to 0.967 with a mean value of 0.406 for the morphometric descriptors and RAPD markers, respectively. RAPD similarity coefficients were correlated with morphometric similarity coefficients (r=0.578...

White fresh dragon fruit (synonym: pitaya) (WD) is self compatible, while the Red fresh dragon fr... more White fresh dragon fruit (synonym: pitaya) (WD) is self compatible, while the Red fresh dragon fruit (RD) cultivars are incompatible. Therefore, RD cultivars require artificial pollination with pollen from other cultivars to set fruit. The objective of the present study was to identify suitable conditions for pollen germination of WD cultivars as a pollinator, using artificial media at various sugar concentrations and various temperatures. Also various pollen storage methods were evaluated . The use of agar containing 30% sucrose led to the highest values for the percentage of pollen germination and tube elongation. The percentage of pollen germination was reduced at concentrations below 20% and above 40%, and the pollen did not germinate at in the absence of sucrose and at a 50% sucrose concentration. Although the highest germination percentage was observed at 30, 35 and 40•Ž, the germination percentage decreased at temperatures above 45•Ž and below 25•Ž . Pollen germination did no...