Dr. Adedoyin O. Ogunyemi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr. Adedoyin O. Ogunyemi

Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences, 2013

The study investigated the relationship between body image dissatisfaction, nutritional status, a... more The study investigated the relationship between body image dissatisfaction, nutritional status, and eating attitudes in adolescents from a small town of the interior of São Paulo State. A total of 278 adolescents (106 boys and 172 girls) aged between 15 and 18 years had completed measures of body image dissatisfaction through the Figure Rating Scale and eating attitudes by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and had their weight and height measured. Girls related more dissatisfaction and abnormal eating behavior than boys and, in both genders the abnormal eating attitudes tend to increase with increasing dissatisfaction. Moreover, dissatisfaction was higher between those individuals classified as overweight and obesity. These results demonstrated that body image dissatisfaction and inappropriate eating behaviors afflict boys and girls even from small cities in developing countries, highlighting the need to undertake epidemiological studies to early recognition of populations at risk ...

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 2021

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women globally after breast cance... more Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women globally after breast cancer. It is a preventable cancer with a well‑defined premalignant phase where treatment could be offered before invasive cancer develops. Objective: To determine the prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics and serotypes of high-risk HPV amongst positive women using self-sampling HPV-based cervical cancer screening. Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study in an urban setting in Lagos, Nigeria where one hundred women, following community-based counselling on cervical cancer and its prevention, underwent cervical cancer screening via self-sampling for hr-HPV. Structured questionnaires were administered for data collection. Appropriate instruction for self-sample collection using Flobam cervical sampling kit was given to each subject. The samples were processed using DNA analysis via PCR (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and flow through hybridization to identify the hr-HPV serotyp...

Frontiers in Neurology

The desire for novelty and variety in experiences, which may manifest in an inclination to engage... more The desire for novelty and variety in experiences, which may manifest in an inclination to engage with individuals from a diverse range of cultural backgrounds, collectively constitutes the personality dimension known as “Openness to Experience.” Empirical research has identified a positive correlation between trait openness and various expressions of creativity, such as divergent ideation, innovative problem-solving strategies, and cumulative creative accomplishments. This nexus between openness to interpersonal diversity, as an aspect of the larger personality trait of openness, and creativity has precipitated considerable scholarly interest across the disciplines of personality, social and organizational psychology, and neuroscientific investigation. In this paper, we review the neurobehavioral properties, including the cognitive processes and neural mechanisms, that connect these two constructs. Further, we explore how culture influences levels of openness and creativity in indi...

Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical Association, 2017

Background: Breastfeeding is a child survival intervention, which is effective in reducing child ... more Background: Breastfeeding is a child survival intervention, which is effective in reducing child mortality. This study compared the knowledge, attitude, and practice of breastfeeding among mothers of under-five children in rural and urban communities of Lagos, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Ikeja and Ikorodu, an urban and a rural local government area (LGA) of Lagos state, respectively. A total of 248 mothers of children under 5 years were selected from both areas using multistage sampling technique and subsequently interviewed. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Chi-squared test was used for urban and rural comparisons. Results: The respondents with good level of knowledge of breastfeeding in the urban and rural areas were 84.7% and 89.5%, respectively (P = 0.256). The overall positive attitude was 52.4% and 57.3% among the urban and rural respondents, respectively (P = 0.444). More than three-quarters (75.8%) of the respondents in the rural LGA and 43.5% of the urban respondents initiated breastfeeding immediately after birth (P < 0.001). Most of the rural respondents who had babies aged 0–24 months (46.8%) were currently breastfeeding their babies compared to 25.9% of their urban counterparts (P = 0.001). Furthermore, 79.8% of the rural respondents had practiced or were currently practicing exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) compared to 29.0% of the urban respondents (P < 0.001), with more urban women citing work resumption as reason for nonpractice of EBF (P = 0.010). The overall good practice was 16.1% and 69.4% among the urban and rural respondents, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Respondents' knowledge about breastfeeding was good, while their attitude was fair. The practice of breastfeeding among urban respondents was however low. Government and nongovernmental agencies should focus on programs that improve the attitude and breastfeeding practice of urban women.

Annals of Health Research, Mar 26, 2023

Background:Hypertension and medication adherence are global public health challenges, with elderl... more Background:Hypertension and medication adherence are global public health challenges, with elderly patients suffering the most because they frequently have multiple co-morbidities. Objective:To evaluate the level of medication adherence and perceived family support among Nigerian elderly patients with hypertension. Methods:A descriptive, cross-sectional study among 293 consecutively consenting elderly hypertensive patients using an interviewer-administered,semi-structured questionnaire. The Modified Morisky Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and Perceived Social Support-Family Scale (PSS-Fa) tools were used to assess medication adherence and perceived family support, respectively. Results:The mean age of respondents was 69.5±6.4 years. Medication adherence was good, moderate and poor among 14.3%, 68.6%, and 17.1% of the respondentsrespectively. Difficulty remembering to take medications was theprimaryreason for non-adherence in 73.7%ofcases.Goodadherenceto medication was significantlyassociated with male gender (p= 0.046), living with grandchildren (p˂0.001), having other sources of income (p = 0.026) and receiving treatment for comorbid illnesses(p = 0.025). A higher proportion of the respondents (94.9%) had strong perceived family support, which lacked statistical significance regarding good medication adherence. (p = 0.739). Conclusion: This study found medication adherence low, despite most participants' strong family support. Forgetfulness and financial constraints were the primary reasons for poor medication adherence. Although family support is highly recommended and beneficial for medication adherence, other comorbid and social factors should be considered. Keywords: Elderly, Family Support, Hypertension, Medication Adherence, Nigeria.

BackgroundWith the rapid growth of Nigeria’s older population, it has become important to establi... more BackgroundWith the rapid growth of Nigeria’s older population, it has become important to establish age-friendly healthcare systems that support care for older people. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to the delivery of age-friendly health services from the perspectives of primary healthcare managers in Lagos State, Nigeria.MethodWe conducted 13 key informant interviews including medical officers of health, principal officers of the PHC Board and board members at the state level. Using a grounded theory approach, qualitative data analysis was initially done by rapid thematic analysis followed by constant comparative analysis using Dedoose software to create a codebook. Three teams of two coders each blind-coded the interviews, resolved coding discrepancies, and reviewed excerpts by code to extract themes.ResultsThe main barriers to the delivery of age-friendly services included the lack of recognition of older adults as a priority population group; absence o...

Annals of African Medicine, 2023

Journal of Public Health in Africa

Background: Anaemia is a public health problem affecting people in both the developed and develop... more Background: Anaemia is a public health problem affecting people in both the developed and developing world, having serious consequences on health. Objective: This study determines the prevalence of anaemia amongst people of different socioeconomic levels, associated factors and the prevalence of anaemia in populations other than children or pregnant women. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect data from 387 residents. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used. Analysis of blood samples using the HemoCue301 system and data analysis using SPSS 20. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to test association and determine predictors of anaemia respectively, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of respondents was 35 ± 11.8 years, with 28.9% of all respondents being anaemic. Female respondents (52.7%) were more than male respondents ...

The Indian journal of nutrition and dietetics, May 31, 2019

PLOS Global Public Health

There is a growing focus on interventions at the health system level to promote healthy aging and... more There is a growing focus on interventions at the health system level to promote healthy aging and provide age-friendly health services (AFHS) in low- and middle-income countries where populations are aging. This study aimed to determine the provider and facility readiness for AFHS. We developed and implemented surveys to collect PHC facility capacity and readiness to deliver AFHS and a KAP survey for facility healthcare workers based on guidelines from the WHO age-friendly tool kit and questionnaires from other studies. Direct observation and structured interviews of facility heads were conducted in a stratified random sample of 15 out of the 57 comprehensive PHC facilities in Lagos, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty providers were conveniently sampled for the KAP survey. Statistical analysis was conducted using STATA version 15 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA). For facility readiness, only 13.3% of PHCs sometimes offered hearing assessment and none of the PHCs offered colorec...

Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2019

Consumption of prepackaged food products which are a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, i... more Consumption of prepackaged food products which are a risk factor for non-communicable diseases, is on the increase in many developing countries. This study sought to determine the knowledge and utilization of food labels among consumers of prepackaged food products in Lagos State. Method: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study among adults in Lagos, Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 420 respondents. Only adults who consume prepackaged foods were included in the study. Data was collected using structured interviewer administered questionnaires and analysis was done using Epi Info 7 statistical software. Level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Only 21 (5.0%) respondents had good level of knowledge of food label information. There was a significant association between level of knowledge of food label information and age in this study, level of knowledge increased with increasing age (p<0.05). Less than one third of the respondents, 123 (29.2%) made good use of food label information. There was a positive significant association between income and use of food labels. (p<0.05). Conclusion: Levels of knowledge and use of food label information were poor among consumers of prepackaged food products in Lagos State. There is a need for increased nutrition education of the study population to improve their nutritional knowledge and use of food label information.

Nigerian quarterly journal of hospital medicine, 2016

Background: Breast Cancer is the most common female malignancy in Nigeria. Incidence of breast c... more Background: Breast Cancer is the most common female malignancy in Nigeria. Incidence of breast cancer is increasing globally among younger generations. Early detection, early presentation and prompt treatment offer the greatest chance of long-term survival in Breast cancer. Self-breast examination (SBE) is an option which is highly recommended for women starting in their 20s. Women should be told about the benefits and limitations of SBE. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the level of awareness and practice of SBE among female corp members in Lagos state. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. It was conducted at the Orientation Camp of the National Youth Service Corper in Lagos State. Four hundred and twelve female corp members participated in the study. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires to evaluate information such as demographics, level of awareness and practice of SBE. Results: The age range of the respondents was betwe...

Background: Evidence from the literature suggests that men are less likely to seek health service... more Background: Evidence from the literature suggests that men are less likely to seek health services compared to women. It is important to understand the factors that influence the health-seeking behaviour of men and how it affects their self-rated health. Objectives: To assess the health-seeking behaviour and self-rated health perception of adult men in an urban community in Lagos state. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 adult males aged 18 years and above in an urban community in Lagos State, Nigeria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant data. Associations between categorical variables were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The health-seeking behaviour of the men in the study area was influenced by factors such as the severity of illness (66.1%), availability of funds (13.1%) and subscription to health insurance (18.2%). A majority (94.7%) self-rated their health as good, very good or excellent. Provision...

The world population is rapidly ageing and people aged 60 years and above are growing faster than... more The world population is rapidly ageing and people aged 60 years and above are growing faster than any other age group. In Africa, the most rapid growth of older persons is expected in Western and Northern Africa. This was a comparative cross-sectional study of a total of 360 respondents. A multi-stage sampling method was used in selecting 240 respondents in the non-institutional group while all the respondents (120) in the institutional group were included in the study. The data was collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer administered quality of life questionnaire (SF-36). Data analysis was done using SPSS version 17. The respondents in the institutional group were older with a mean age of 78.7±8.8 years as compared to 70.1±8.2 years in the non-institutional group. The mean Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) score was higher (64.5±15.6) in the non-institutional group than in the institutional group (52.6±15.7) and this was statistically significant (p<0.001). After controlling for the effect of other variables, the respondents who belonged to the non-institutional group (OR=2.37, p=0.018); who were female (OR=2.00, p=0.019); engaged in work (OR=4.93, p=0.009) and had no co-morbid condition (OR=7.58, p<0.001) were significantly more likely to have good HRQOL. The non-institutional group had better HRQOL than the institutional group in all the domains except in the body pain domain. It is recommended that programs are tailored to the needs of the elderly in institutions and should be targeted towards improving their quality of life and well-being.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

The Pan African medical journal, 2022

Introduction young people living with HIV (YPLH) constitute a significant population towards endi... more Introduction young people living with HIV (YPLH) constitute a significant population towards ending the AIDS epidemic. About half of YPLH are undiagnosed and one-third of new infections occurring among them. Stigma and discrimination remaina predominant enigma in the social response to HIV. Methods this was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 124 YPLH aged 15-24 years selected by non-probability sampling from four antiretroviral centres targeted at young people across Lagos State. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Data analysis was done using Epi info software version 7 and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results the mean age of the participants was 19.4±3.2 years. Among the stigma variants, public stigma was the highest (48.4%), followed by anticipated stigma (20.2%), internalized stigma (14.5%), and enacted stigma (10.7%) while 7.3% of respondents experienced all forms. Thirty-seven percent of respondents had experienced one form of discrimination, with the most common form being ‘treated with hostility by strangers´ (14.5%). The disclosure level was 56.5%. The most predominant reasons for non-disclosure were fear of rejection by other people (57.3%). Diagnosis at an earlier age and living with a single parent were associated with lower disclosure levels (p‹0.001). Conclusion overall stigma levels were found to be low, with differences in the individual stigma variants. The most common form of HIV-related discrimination reported in this study was being treated with hostility by strangers. Fear of rejection by other people was the main reason for non-disclosure among YPLH. The use of a multidisciplinary approach is needed to reduce the impact of stigma and discrimination among YPLH.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally despite being a la... more Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women globally despite being a largely treatable and preventable malignancy. Developing countries account for over 80% of all new cases of cervical cancer. Women residing in low-resource settings such as those residing in slums have a higher risk of cervical cancer, and lower uptake of cervical cancer screening. Diverse barriers influence the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in low-resource settings. Objectives: This qualitative study was carried out prior to a cervical cancer screening program and explored women’s knowledge about cervical cancer, and their perceived barriers and recommendations for the program.Method: Four focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted among 35 women between the ages of 21 – 65 years residing in two urban slums in Lagos, Nigeria. Each FGD was limited to 8-10 participants of women of similar ages. Voice recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysis was done using themat...

Annals of Health Research

Background: Physical violence (PV) in secondary schools is an apparent challenge that requires ur... more Background: Physical violence (PV) in secondary schools is an apparent challenge that requires urgent attention because of its adverse outcomes. It has led to the destruction of school properties and disruption of teaching and learning, thus resulting in poor academic grades and even death. Objectives: To assess the perceptions and experiences of physical violence among selected senior secondary students in Lagos State. Methods: The study utilised a cross-sectional design with a multistage sampling technique to recruit respondents from four secondary schools in Lagos State. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire adapted from the Global School Health Survey and the Youth Risk Behaviour Survey (GSHS, 2004). Results: Majority (82.7%) of the respondents had correct knowledge of the health consequences of youth violence, and 78.3% knew that both victims and perpetrators are at risk of injury or death. About 62.5% agreed that youth violence is an essential issue in ad...

Pan African Medical Journal