Dr Ali Taha yassen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr Ali Taha yassen
Applied sciences, Jun 17, 2024
A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nano... more A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibers with Auo@PPh2-PIILP to create a nanogold composite (NGC). This NGC has proven to be highly efficient in removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The prepared nanogold composite NGC was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX), and Elements Distribution Mapping (EDM). Several factors were examined in batch adsorption experiments to determine their impact on dye adsorption. These factors included the initial pH range of four to eight, the dosage of NGC adsorbent ranging from 0.001 to 0.008 g, the initial concentration of MB dye ranging from 10 to 50 mg L−1, and the contact period ranging from 10 to 80 min. It has been observed that NGC is more efficient in removing MB from polluted water. The results of the pseudo-second-order model show good agreement between the calculated adsorption capacity (qe)cal. (4.3840 mg g−1) and the experimental adsorption capacity (qe)exp. (4.6838 mg g−1) values. Experimental findings suggest a monolayer capping of MB dye on the NGC surface with a maximum adsorption capacity Qm of 18.622 mg g−1 at 20 ◦C, indicating that it is well-fitted to the Langmuir isotherm.
Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications, Feb 29, 2024
In the 21st century, nanotechnology has experienced significant growth, thanks to its numerous ap... more In the 21st century, nanotechnology has experienced significant growth, thanks to its numerous applications in the field of quantum physics. It has become a highly advanced field of study, with significant efforts focused on researching to apply this technology in practical ways. It shows great potential due to its impressive effectiveness and environmentally friendly characteristics. Nanomaterials are incredibly tiny particles, measuring between 1 and 100 nanometers. Their size grants them unique chemical and physical characteristics, which come with advantages and disadvantages. Their classification can also be done on their composition such as organic, inorganic, and metal. Various techniques are employed to synthesise nanomaterials, including both the "top-down" approach, which starts with bulk materials and breaks them down into nanoparticles, and the "bottom-up" approach, which begins with individual atoms and builds them up into nanoparticles. Among the top-down approaches are "mechanical milling", "nanolithography", "laser ablation", "sputtering", and "thermal evaporation" while the bottom-up approaches are "sol-gel", "biosynthesis", "spinning", "chemical vapour deposition (CVD)", and "pyrolysis". These techniques are highly influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, time, size and shape, preparation cost, pore size, pH value, and environment. This study examines different methods of synthesizing nanomaterials along with their applications in different fields such as cosmetics, electronics, medicine, food, and the environment.
Al-Ameed Journal for Medical Research and Health Sciences, Jan 15, 2024
Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical componen... more Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical components that work together effectively to perform various functions. The oral cavity can be affected by various disorders, such as genetic diseases, infections, and metabolic disorders. A wide range of genetic disorders can affect the skeletal system, including craniofacial structures and teeth. These disorders exhibit a significant variety in terms of their causes when they show up, and how severe they are. Genetics is a significant risk factor in the development of oral diseases. It affects the pattern of inheritance, which can be dominant, recessive, or both. The transmission of genetic variation from one generation to the next is a significant contributor to the development of various diseases, having both direct and indirect impacts. Objective: Our study seeks to shed light on the genetic causes and symptoms of diseases that affect bone and mucosal tissues. We will also investigate the associated symptoms and explore the various diagnostic and treatment options available for these specific genetic disorders. Conclusion: The scientific study of oral genetic disorders is still in its early stages, and further research is necessary to improve diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment methods.
Background The rapid evolution of nanotechnology has fundamentally transformed both medical and d... more Background The rapid evolution of nanotechnology has fundamentally transformed both medical and dental fields. By harnessing nanomaterials, researchers have unlocked the ability to replicate natural tissue structures and properties, significantly enhancing integration processes. Notably, nanostructures have emerged as pivotal elements in oral medicine, particularly in combating dental caries and enhancing outcomes in dental implants and maxillofacial surgeries. Main body of the abstract Nanostructures play multifaceted roles in oral health, promoting osseointegration and expediting healing processes in dental procedures. The impact of these materials extends to improving the adhesive strength and overall properties of dental composites. This review critically evaluates the influence of nanointerfaces on the longevity of dental restorations, exploring innovative nanotechnological interventions aimed at augmenting restoration durability. Furthermore, recent strides in nanodentistry are discussed, highlighting breakthroughs in oral health diagnostics, preventative strategies, and treatment modalities essential for achieving and sustaining optimal oral health. Short conclusion Incorporating nanotechnology into dental practice presents exciting prospects for advancing oral healthcare. From enhancing restoration durability to revolutionizing diagnostics and treatments, nanotechnology offers transformative solutions that hold significant promise for the future of oral health management.
Background and Objective: The mouth plays a vital role in talking, eating, and breathing. Genetic... more Background and Objective: The mouth plays a vital role in talking, eating, and breathing. Genetic
conditions such as cleft lip, palate, and other oral structural abnormalities can significantly impact these
functions. This study will examine the significance of genetics in oral health and investigate the genetic
factors that influence dental conditions.
Methods: The literature from 1934 to 2023 was thoroughly examined to compile all research on genetic
oral disorders, irrespective of study methodology, using PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies written in
languages other than English were deliberately omitted.
Key Content and Findings: This review covers a wide range of genetic oral disorders, including cleft
lip and palate, ankyloglossia (tongue-tie), and geographic tongue (GT). These conditions not only impact
physical health by interfering with vital functions such as eating and speaking but also have significant
psychological and social implications. For instance, children with cleft lip and palate often face challenges
such as speech impediments and social stigma, necessitating a multi-disciplinary treatment approach.
Ankyloglossia, characterized by a restricted lingual frenulum, can cause difficulties in breastfeeding and
speech development. GT, marked by irregular red patches on the tongue’s surface, is often associated
with emotional stress and nutrient deficiencies, which can lead to discomfort and altered taste sensations.
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), a genetic disorder characterized by muscle weakness
affecting the eyes, throat, and facial muscles, can severely impact swallowing and speech, requiring ongoing
therapeutic management The review also highlights various therapeutic approaches, including surgical
interventions like cheiloplasty and palatoplasty for cleft conditions, myofunctional therapy for ankyloglossia,
and specific management strategies for GT and OPMD.
Conclusions: Genetic factors play a crucial role in the development and manifestation of various oral
disorders. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of these genetic influences, healthcare providers can
better diagnose, manage, and treat these conditions. Tailored prevention and treatment plans based on
genetic insights can significantly improve patient outcomes, enhancing both functional and aesthetic aspects
of oral health. Future research should continue to explore the genetic mechanisms underlying these disorders
to develop more effective interventions and support mechanisms for affected individuals.
Basrah Journal of Surgery, 2008
SUMMARY. Background: The existence of biological evidence at a crime scene holds utmost significa... more SUMMARY. Background: The existence of biological evidence at a crime scene holds utmost significance
in forensic inquiry. It provides indispensable insights into the nature of the crime and can be directly associated
with distinct individuals through DNA examination. Biological substances such as DNA, blood,
saliva, semen, hair, skin tissue, teeth, bones, or other bodily fluids are invaluable assets in resolving criminal
cases and determining innocence. This review comprehensively explores the progressing methodologies,
techniques, and applications employed in the scrutiny of biological evidence. It emphasizes the advancements
made in genetic profiling, biomarker identification, and the utilization of state-of-the-art
technologies, thus illuminating their importance in criminal investigations. Highlight: The review would
aim to assess various techniques and methods used in forensic science for analyzing biological materials
such as DNA, blood, hair, and other bodily fluids. It would seek to determine the effectiveness, reliability,
and accuracy of these techniques in different investigative contexts. Conclusion: This review underscores
the importance of continuous research and development in the field of forensic biology. As technology
evolves, so do the challenges and opportunities within the criminal justice system. To maintain the highest
standards of justice, it is imperative that forensic scientists and researchers remain at the forefront of
innovation, keeping pace with emerging techniques and technologies.
A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nano... more A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
nanofibers with Auo@PPh2-PIILP to create a nanogold composite (NGC). This NGC has proven to be
highly efficient in removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The prepared nanogold composite
NGC was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray
Spectroscopy (EDAX), and Elements Distribution Mapping (EDM). Several factors were examined in
batch adsorption experiments to determine their impact on dye adsorption. These factors included
the initial pH range of four to eight, the dosage of NGC adsorbent ranging from 0.001 to 0.008 g, the
initial concentration of MB dye ranging from 10 to 50 mg L−1, and the contact period ranging from 10
to 80 min. It has been observed that NGC is more efficient in removing MB from polluted water. The
results of the pseudo-second-order model show good agreement between the calculated adsorption
capacity (qe)cal. (4.3840 mg g−1) and the experimental adsorption capacity (qe)exp. (4.6838 mg g−1)
values. Experimental findings suggest a monolayer capping of MB dye on the NGC surface with a
maximum adsorption capacity Qm of 18.622 mg g−1 at 20 ◦C, indicating that it is well-fitted to the
Langmuir isotherm.
AL-AMEED JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH SCIENCES, 2023
Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical componen... more Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical components that work
together effectively to perform various functions. The oral cavity can be affected by various disorders, such as genetic
diseases, infections, and metabolic disorders.
A wide range of genetic disorders can affect the skeletal system, including craniofacial structures and teeth. These
disorders exhibit a significant variety in terms of their causes when they show up, and how severe they are. Genetics is a
significant risk factor in the development of oral diseases. It affects the pattern of inheritance, which can be dominant,
recessive, or both. The transmission of genetic variation from one generation to the next is a significant contributor to the
development of various diseases, having both direct and indirect impacts.
Objective: Our study seeks to shed light on the genetic causes and symptoms of diseases that affect bone and mucosal
tissues. We will also investigate the associated symptoms and explore the various diagnostic and treatment options
available for these specific genetic disorders.
Conclusion: The scientific study of oral genetic disorders is still in its early stages, and further research is necessary to
improve diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment methods.
Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery... more Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery in pancreatic cancer Ali Taha Yassen Alsuraifi A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and c... more Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and complexation agents for biological molecules such as insulin. The nanoparticles formed upon aggregation or complexation allow for enhanced cellular trafficking resulting in enhanced efficacy. Multiple reports have shown the ease of synthesis and reliability of these graft polymers, however, little investigation into the effect of the molecular weight of the homopolymer poly(allylamine) has been carried out. In this work we synthesized a range of oxadiazole grafted poly(allylamine) derivatives of varied molecular weight (15, 17.5, 120 & 900 kDa) set at a 5% polymer:oxadiazole mole grafting. The effect of molecular weight on the size, critical aggregation concentration and drug loading / release was evaluated in model drugs before loading the optimal formulation with doxorubicin and carrying out a preliminary cytotoxicity study. In line with other cationic polymers, the larger poly(allylamine) amphiphilic derivatives resulted in greater drug loading, however, the particle size increased whilst drug loading dramatically decreased, which for cancer nanomedicine could be a barrier for pharmaceutical use.
Pharmaceutics, Jan 26, 2018
Liver cancer treatments are often hindered by poor drug physicochemical properties, hence there i... more Liver cancer treatments are often hindered by poor drug physicochemical properties, hence there is a need for improvement in order to increase patient survival and outlook. Combination therapies have been studied in order to evaluate whether increased overall efficacy can be achieved. This study reports the combined treatment of liver cancer cells with a combination treatment of chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel and pro-apoptotic protein cytochrome C. In order to administer both agents in a single formulation, a poly(allylamine)-based amphiphile has been fabricated with the incorporation of a hybrid iron oxide-gold nanoparticle into its structure. Here, the insoluble paclitaxel becomes incorporated into the hydrophobic core of the self-assemblies formed in an aqueous environment (256 nm), while the cytochrome C attaches irreversibly onto the hybrid nanoparticle surface via gold-thiol dative covalent binding. The self-assemblies were capable of solubilising up to 0.698 mg/mL of pacli...
Pharmaceutics, Jan 22, 2018
Nanoscale polymers systems have dominated the revolution of drug delivery advancement. Their pote... more Nanoscale polymers systems have dominated the revolution of drug delivery advancement. Their potential in the fight against cancer is unrivalled with other technologies. Their functionality increase, targeting ability and stimuli responsive nature have led to a major boom in research focus. This review article concentrates on the use of these smart polymers in cancer therapy. Nanotechnologies have shown potential as drug carriers leading to increased drug efficacy and penetration. Multifunctional smart carriers which can release their payload upon an external or internal trigger such as pH or temperature are proving to be major frontrunners in the development of effective strategies to overcome this disease with minimal patient side effects.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 22, 2018
Nanoparticles have been shown to be effective drug carriers in cancer therapy. Pancreatic cancer ... more Nanoparticles have been shown to be effective drug carriers in cancer therapy. Pancreatic cancer forms dense tumours which are often resistant to drug molecules. In order to overcome such multidrug resistance, new drug entities, novel delivery systems and combination therapy strategies are being explored. In this paper, we report the design and synthesis of a poly(allylamine)-based amphiphile modified with hydrophobic naphthalimido pendant groups. Bisnaphthalimide compounds have been shown to possess anticancer activity. The potential of this polymer to encapsulate, solubilize and enhance drug (5-fluorouricil and bis-(naphthalimidopropyl)-diaminooctane) cytotoxicity in BxPC-3 cells was evaluated. Our studies showed that the insoluble drugs could be formulated up to 4.3 mg mL and 2.4 mg mL inside the amphiphiles, respectively. Additionally, the novel poly(allylamine)-naphthalimide carrier resulted in an amplification of cytotoxic effect with drug treatment after 24 h, and was capable...
Pharmaceutics, Jan 12, 2018
Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive form of liver cancer that displays minimal symptoms unt... more Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive form of liver cancer that displays minimal symptoms until its late stages. Unfortunately, patient prognosis still remains poor with only 10% of patients surviving more than five years after diagnosis. Current chemotherapies alone are not offering efficient treatment, hence alternative therapeutic approaches are urgently required. In this work, we highlight the potential of combination of treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with existing chemotherapies in combination with pro-apoptotic factor cytochrome C. In order to allow cytochrome C to cross the cellular membrane and become internalized, it has been immobilised onto the surface of hybrid iron oxide-gold nanoparticles. This novel approach has been tested in vitro on HepG2, Huh-7D and SK-hep-1 cell lines in order to elucidate potential as a possible alternative therapy with greater efficacy. The data from our studies show consistently that combining treatment of clinically used anticancer...
![Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into Improving the Aqueous Solubility of the Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine Anti-Proliferative Agents](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109241842/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 11, 2018
It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. O... more It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. One of the main issues encountered for their clinical application is their low water solubility. In order to improve this, two strategies were pursued. First, a morpholine moiety was tethered to the molecular scaffold by substituting the sulphur atom with nitrogen, resulting in a 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine core structure. The water solubility was increased by three orders of magnitude, from 1.2 µg/mL (1-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine) to 1.3 mg/mL (3-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine), however, it was only marginally active against cancer cells. The second strategy involved loading a very potent thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivative (2) into a cholesteryl-poly(allylamine) polymer matrix for water solubilisation. Suppression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BxPC-3) viability was observed to an IC50 value of 0.5 μg/mL (1.30 μM) in conjunction with the polymer, which is a five-fold (×5) increase in potency as comp...
Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery... more Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery in pancreatic cancer Ali Taha Yassen Alsuraifi A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, May 1, 2021
Thermally active polymers, can respond structurally to temperature changes, making them interesti... more Thermally active polymers, can respond structurally to temperature changes, making them interesting as potential drug delivery vehicles. Polymers of N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMA) are cationic with primary amine groups in their structure, which have been explored in biomedical applications via post-polymerisation modifications. In this work, we synthesised amphiphilic APMA monomers using hydrophobic pendant groups via conjugation onto their primary amine group. The pendant groups chosen in this study were palmitoyl, dansyl and cholesteryl moieties. The amphiphilic monomers were subsequently copolymerized with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) using varied monomer feed ratios resulting in a thermo-responsive system. The ability of the resultant aggregates in aqueous solution to encapsulate and liberate model drugs (e.g., propofol, griseofulvin and prednisolone) was then determined. Our data showed that the HPMA based formulations were capable of loading the model drug molecules inside their lipophilic core; HPMA-co-(APMA-Dansyl 2%) exhibited the largest drug encapsulation ability. Subsequently, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was incorporated into the intrinsic polymer structure. This resulted in a more rapid drug release profile, whereby 100% of griseofulvin and prednisolone were liberated after only 4 h, which was only 5% and 10% before the PEG inclusion, respectively. Similarly, propofol showed 70% liberation from the polymer aggregate after 24 h, compared with only 30% liberation pre-PEGylation. These studies give an insight into the potential of the HMPA based amphiphiles as thermally responsive cargo carrier/release systems which could be exploited in the delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2020
Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and c... more Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and complexation agents for biological molecules such as insulin. The nanoparticles formed upon aggregation or complexation allow for enhanced cellular trafficking resulting in enhanced efficacy. Multiple reports have shown the ease of synthesis and reliability of these graft polymers, however, little investigation into the effect of the molecular weight of the homopolymer poly(allylamine) has been carried out. In this work we synthesized a range of oxadiazole grafted poly(allylamine) derivatives of varied molecular weight (15, 17.5, 120 & 900 kDa) set at a 5% polymer:oxadiazole mole grafting. The effect of molecular weight on the size, critical aggregation concentration and drug loading / release was evaluated in model drugs before loading the optimal formulation with doxorubicin and carrying out a preliminary cytotoxicity study. In line with other cationic polymers, the larger poly(allylamine) amphiphilic derivatives resulted in greater drug loading, however, the particle size increased whilst drug loading dramatically decreased, which for cancer nanomedicine could be a barrier for pharmaceutical use.
![Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into Improving the Aqueous Solubility of the Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine Anti-Proliferative Agents](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/109241772/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Molecules, Jan 11, 2018
It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. O... more It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. One of the main issues encountered for their clinical application is their low water solubility. In order to improve this, two strategies were pursued. First, a morpholine moiety was tethered to the molecular scaffold by substituting the sulphur atom with nitrogen, resulting in a 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine core structure. The water solubility was increased by three orders of magnitude, from 1.2 µg/mL (1-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine) to 1.3 mg/mL (3-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine), however, it was only marginally active against cancer cells. The second strategy involved loading a very potent thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivative (2) into a cholesteryl-poly(allylamine) polymer matrix for water solubilisation. Suppression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BxPC-3) viability was observed to an IC 50 value of 0.5 µg/mL (1.30 µM) in conjunction with the polymer, which is a five-fold (×5) increase in potency as compared to the free drug alone, demonstrating the utility of this formulation approach.
Applied sciences, Jun 17, 2024
A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nano... more A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibers with Auo@PPh2-PIILP to create a nanogold composite (NGC). This NGC has proven to be highly efficient in removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The prepared nanogold composite NGC was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX), and Elements Distribution Mapping (EDM). Several factors were examined in batch adsorption experiments to determine their impact on dye adsorption. These factors included the initial pH range of four to eight, the dosage of NGC adsorbent ranging from 0.001 to 0.008 g, the initial concentration of MB dye ranging from 10 to 50 mg L−1, and the contact period ranging from 10 to 80 min. It has been observed that NGC is more efficient in removing MB from polluted water. The results of the pseudo-second-order model show good agreement between the calculated adsorption capacity (qe)cal. (4.3840 mg g−1) and the experimental adsorption capacity (qe)exp. (4.6838 mg g−1) values. Experimental findings suggest a monolayer capping of MB dye on the NGC surface with a maximum adsorption capacity Qm of 18.622 mg g−1 at 20 ◦C, indicating that it is well-fitted to the Langmuir isotherm.
Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Their Applications, Feb 29, 2024
In the 21st century, nanotechnology has experienced significant growth, thanks to its numerous ap... more In the 21st century, nanotechnology has experienced significant growth, thanks to its numerous applications in the field of quantum physics. It has become a highly advanced field of study, with significant efforts focused on researching to apply this technology in practical ways. It shows great potential due to its impressive effectiveness and environmentally friendly characteristics. Nanomaterials are incredibly tiny particles, measuring between 1 and 100 nanometers. Their size grants them unique chemical and physical characteristics, which come with advantages and disadvantages. Their classification can also be done on their composition such as organic, inorganic, and metal. Various techniques are employed to synthesise nanomaterials, including both the "top-down" approach, which starts with bulk materials and breaks them down into nanoparticles, and the "bottom-up" approach, which begins with individual atoms and builds them up into nanoparticles. Among the top-down approaches are "mechanical milling", "nanolithography", "laser ablation", "sputtering", and "thermal evaporation" while the bottom-up approaches are "sol-gel", "biosynthesis", "spinning", "chemical vapour deposition (CVD)", and "pyrolysis". These techniques are highly influenced by factors such as temperature, pressure, time, size and shape, preparation cost, pore size, pH value, and environment. This study examines different methods of synthesizing nanomaterials along with their applications in different fields such as cosmetics, electronics, medicine, food, and the environment.
Al-Ameed Journal for Medical Research and Health Sciences, Jan 15, 2024
Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical componen... more Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical components that work together effectively to perform various functions. The oral cavity can be affected by various disorders, such as genetic diseases, infections, and metabolic disorders. A wide range of genetic disorders can affect the skeletal system, including craniofacial structures and teeth. These disorders exhibit a significant variety in terms of their causes when they show up, and how severe they are. Genetics is a significant risk factor in the development of oral diseases. It affects the pattern of inheritance, which can be dominant, recessive, or both. The transmission of genetic variation from one generation to the next is a significant contributor to the development of various diseases, having both direct and indirect impacts. Objective: Our study seeks to shed light on the genetic causes and symptoms of diseases that affect bone and mucosal tissues. We will also investigate the associated symptoms and explore the various diagnostic and treatment options available for these specific genetic disorders. Conclusion: The scientific study of oral genetic disorders is still in its early stages, and further research is necessary to improve diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment methods.
Background The rapid evolution of nanotechnology has fundamentally transformed both medical and d... more Background The rapid evolution of nanotechnology has fundamentally transformed both medical and dental fields. By harnessing nanomaterials, researchers have unlocked the ability to replicate natural tissue structures and properties, significantly enhancing integration processes. Notably, nanostructures have emerged as pivotal elements in oral medicine, particularly in combating dental caries and enhancing outcomes in dental implants and maxillofacial surgeries. Main body of the abstract Nanostructures play multifaceted roles in oral health, promoting osseointegration and expediting healing processes in dental procedures. The impact of these materials extends to improving the adhesive strength and overall properties of dental composites. This review critically evaluates the influence of nanointerfaces on the longevity of dental restorations, exploring innovative nanotechnological interventions aimed at augmenting restoration durability. Furthermore, recent strides in nanodentistry are discussed, highlighting breakthroughs in oral health diagnostics, preventative strategies, and treatment modalities essential for achieving and sustaining optimal oral health. Short conclusion Incorporating nanotechnology into dental practice presents exciting prospects for advancing oral healthcare. From enhancing restoration durability to revolutionizing diagnostics and treatments, nanotechnology offers transformative solutions that hold significant promise for the future of oral health management.
Background and Objective: The mouth plays a vital role in talking, eating, and breathing. Genetic... more Background and Objective: The mouth plays a vital role in talking, eating, and breathing. Genetic
conditions such as cleft lip, palate, and other oral structural abnormalities can significantly impact these
functions. This study will examine the significance of genetics in oral health and investigate the genetic
factors that influence dental conditions.
Methods: The literature from 1934 to 2023 was thoroughly examined to compile all research on genetic
oral disorders, irrespective of study methodology, using PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies written in
languages other than English were deliberately omitted.
Key Content and Findings: This review covers a wide range of genetic oral disorders, including cleft
lip and palate, ankyloglossia (tongue-tie), and geographic tongue (GT). These conditions not only impact
physical health by interfering with vital functions such as eating and speaking but also have significant
psychological and social implications. For instance, children with cleft lip and palate often face challenges
such as speech impediments and social stigma, necessitating a multi-disciplinary treatment approach.
Ankyloglossia, characterized by a restricted lingual frenulum, can cause difficulties in breastfeeding and
speech development. GT, marked by irregular red patches on the tongue’s surface, is often associated
with emotional stress and nutrient deficiencies, which can lead to discomfort and altered taste sensations.
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD), a genetic disorder characterized by muscle weakness
affecting the eyes, throat, and facial muscles, can severely impact swallowing and speech, requiring ongoing
therapeutic management The review also highlights various therapeutic approaches, including surgical
interventions like cheiloplasty and palatoplasty for cleft conditions, myofunctional therapy for ankyloglossia,
and specific management strategies for GT and OPMD.
Conclusions: Genetic factors play a crucial role in the development and manifestation of various oral
disorders. By gaining a comprehensive understanding of these genetic influences, healthcare providers can
better diagnose, manage, and treat these conditions. Tailored prevention and treatment plans based on
genetic insights can significantly improve patient outcomes, enhancing both functional and aesthetic aspects
of oral health. Future research should continue to explore the genetic mechanisms underlying these disorders
to develop more effective interventions and support mechanisms for affected individuals.
Basrah Journal of Surgery, 2008
SUMMARY. Background: The existence of biological evidence at a crime scene holds utmost significa... more SUMMARY. Background: The existence of biological evidence at a crime scene holds utmost significance
in forensic inquiry. It provides indispensable insights into the nature of the crime and can be directly associated
with distinct individuals through DNA examination. Biological substances such as DNA, blood,
saliva, semen, hair, skin tissue, teeth, bones, or other bodily fluids are invaluable assets in resolving criminal
cases and determining innocence. This review comprehensively explores the progressing methodologies,
techniques, and applications employed in the scrutiny of biological evidence. It emphasizes the advancements
made in genetic profiling, biomarker identification, and the utilization of state-of-the-art
technologies, thus illuminating their importance in criminal investigations. Highlight: The review would
aim to assess various techniques and methods used in forensic science for analyzing biological materials
such as DNA, blood, hair, and other bodily fluids. It would seek to determine the effectiveness, reliability,
and accuracy of these techniques in different investigative contexts. Conclusion: This review underscores
the importance of continuous research and development in the field of forensic biology. As technology
evolves, so do the challenges and opportunities within the criminal justice system. To maintain the highest
standards of justice, it is imperative that forensic scientists and researchers remain at the forefront of
innovation, keeping pace with emerging techniques and technologies.
A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nano... more A unique aspect of this research lies in the combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
nanofibers with Auo@PPh2-PIILP to create a nanogold composite (NGC). This NGC has proven to be
highly efficient in removing methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The prepared nanogold composite
NGC was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray
Spectroscopy (EDAX), and Elements Distribution Mapping (EDM). Several factors were examined in
batch adsorption experiments to determine their impact on dye adsorption. These factors included
the initial pH range of four to eight, the dosage of NGC adsorbent ranging from 0.001 to 0.008 g, the
initial concentration of MB dye ranging from 10 to 50 mg L−1, and the contact period ranging from 10
to 80 min. It has been observed that NGC is more efficient in removing MB from polluted water. The
results of the pseudo-second-order model show good agreement between the calculated adsorption
capacity (qe)cal. (4.3840 mg g−1) and the experimental adsorption capacity (qe)exp. (4.6838 mg g−1)
values. Experimental findings suggest a monolayer capping of MB dye on the NGC surface with a
maximum adsorption capacity Qm of 18.622 mg g−1 at 20 ◦C, indicating that it is well-fitted to the
Langmuir isotherm.
AL-AMEED JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH SCIENCES, 2023
Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical componen... more Background: The mouth is a unique and intricate structure composed of various anatomical components that work
together effectively to perform various functions. The oral cavity can be affected by various disorders, such as genetic
diseases, infections, and metabolic disorders.
A wide range of genetic disorders can affect the skeletal system, including craniofacial structures and teeth. These
disorders exhibit a significant variety in terms of their causes when they show up, and how severe they are. Genetics is a
significant risk factor in the development of oral diseases. It affects the pattern of inheritance, which can be dominant,
recessive, or both. The transmission of genetic variation from one generation to the next is a significant contributor to the
development of various diseases, having both direct and indirect impacts.
Objective: Our study seeks to shed light on the genetic causes and symptoms of diseases that affect bone and mucosal
tissues. We will also investigate the associated symptoms and explore the various diagnostic and treatment options
available for these specific genetic disorders.
Conclusion: The scientific study of oral genetic disorders is still in its early stages, and further research is necessary to
improve diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment methods.
Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery... more Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery in pancreatic cancer Ali Taha Yassen Alsuraifi A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and c... more Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and complexation agents for biological molecules such as insulin. The nanoparticles formed upon aggregation or complexation allow for enhanced cellular trafficking resulting in enhanced efficacy. Multiple reports have shown the ease of synthesis and reliability of these graft polymers, however, little investigation into the effect of the molecular weight of the homopolymer poly(allylamine) has been carried out. In this work we synthesized a range of oxadiazole grafted poly(allylamine) derivatives of varied molecular weight (15, 17.5, 120 & 900 kDa) set at a 5% polymer:oxadiazole mole grafting. The effect of molecular weight on the size, critical aggregation concentration and drug loading / release was evaluated in model drugs before loading the optimal formulation with doxorubicin and carrying out a preliminary cytotoxicity study. In line with other cationic polymers, the larger poly(allylamine) amphiphilic derivatives resulted in greater drug loading, however, the particle size increased whilst drug loading dramatically decreased, which for cancer nanomedicine could be a barrier for pharmaceutical use.
Pharmaceutics, Jan 26, 2018
Liver cancer treatments are often hindered by poor drug physicochemical properties, hence there i... more Liver cancer treatments are often hindered by poor drug physicochemical properties, hence there is a need for improvement in order to increase patient survival and outlook. Combination therapies have been studied in order to evaluate whether increased overall efficacy can be achieved. This study reports the combined treatment of liver cancer cells with a combination treatment of chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel and pro-apoptotic protein cytochrome C. In order to administer both agents in a single formulation, a poly(allylamine)-based amphiphile has been fabricated with the incorporation of a hybrid iron oxide-gold nanoparticle into its structure. Here, the insoluble paclitaxel becomes incorporated into the hydrophobic core of the self-assemblies formed in an aqueous environment (256 nm), while the cytochrome C attaches irreversibly onto the hybrid nanoparticle surface via gold-thiol dative covalent binding. The self-assemblies were capable of solubilising up to 0.698 mg/mL of pacli...
Pharmaceutics, Jan 22, 2018
Nanoscale polymers systems have dominated the revolution of drug delivery advancement. Their pote... more Nanoscale polymers systems have dominated the revolution of drug delivery advancement. Their potential in the fight against cancer is unrivalled with other technologies. Their functionality increase, targeting ability and stimuli responsive nature have led to a major boom in research focus. This review article concentrates on the use of these smart polymers in cancer therapy. Nanotechnologies have shown potential as drug carriers leading to increased drug efficacy and penetration. Multifunctional smart carriers which can release their payload upon an external or internal trigger such as pH or temperature are proving to be major frontrunners in the development of effective strategies to overcome this disease with minimal patient side effects.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 22, 2018
Nanoparticles have been shown to be effective drug carriers in cancer therapy. Pancreatic cancer ... more Nanoparticles have been shown to be effective drug carriers in cancer therapy. Pancreatic cancer forms dense tumours which are often resistant to drug molecules. In order to overcome such multidrug resistance, new drug entities, novel delivery systems and combination therapy strategies are being explored. In this paper, we report the design and synthesis of a poly(allylamine)-based amphiphile modified with hydrophobic naphthalimido pendant groups. Bisnaphthalimide compounds have been shown to possess anticancer activity. The potential of this polymer to encapsulate, solubilize and enhance drug (5-fluorouricil and bis-(naphthalimidopropyl)-diaminooctane) cytotoxicity in BxPC-3 cells was evaluated. Our studies showed that the insoluble drugs could be formulated up to 4.3 mg mL and 2.4 mg mL inside the amphiphiles, respectively. Additionally, the novel poly(allylamine)-naphthalimide carrier resulted in an amplification of cytotoxic effect with drug treatment after 24 h, and was capable...
Pharmaceutics, Jan 12, 2018
Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive form of liver cancer that displays minimal symptoms unt... more Hepatocellular carcinoma is an aggressive form of liver cancer that displays minimal symptoms until its late stages. Unfortunately, patient prognosis still remains poor with only 10% of patients surviving more than five years after diagnosis. Current chemotherapies alone are not offering efficient treatment, hence alternative therapeutic approaches are urgently required. In this work, we highlight the potential of combination of treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with existing chemotherapies in combination with pro-apoptotic factor cytochrome C. In order to allow cytochrome C to cross the cellular membrane and become internalized, it has been immobilised onto the surface of hybrid iron oxide-gold nanoparticles. This novel approach has been tested in vitro on HepG2, Huh-7D and SK-hep-1 cell lines in order to elucidate potential as a possible alternative therapy with greater efficacy. The data from our studies show consistently that combining treatment of clinically used anticancer...
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 11, 2018
It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. O... more It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. One of the main issues encountered for their clinical application is their low water solubility. In order to improve this, two strategies were pursued. First, a morpholine moiety was tethered to the molecular scaffold by substituting the sulphur atom with nitrogen, resulting in a 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine core structure. The water solubility was increased by three orders of magnitude, from 1.2 µg/mL (1-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine) to 1.3 mg/mL (3-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine), however, it was only marginally active against cancer cells. The second strategy involved loading a very potent thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivative (2) into a cholesteryl-poly(allylamine) polymer matrix for water solubilisation. Suppression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BxPC-3) viability was observed to an IC50 value of 0.5 μg/mL (1.30 μM) in conjunction with the polymer, which is a five-fold (×5) increase in potency as comp...
Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery... more Hydroxypropylmethacrylamide based thermoresponsive magnetomicelles for controllable drug delivery in pancreatic cancer Ali Taha Yassen Alsuraifi A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, May 1, 2021
Thermally active polymers, can respond structurally to temperature changes, making them interesti... more Thermally active polymers, can respond structurally to temperature changes, making them interesting as potential drug delivery vehicles. Polymers of N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMA) are cationic with primary amine groups in their structure, which have been explored in biomedical applications via post-polymerisation modifications. In this work, we synthesised amphiphilic APMA monomers using hydrophobic pendant groups via conjugation onto their primary amine group. The pendant groups chosen in this study were palmitoyl, dansyl and cholesteryl moieties. The amphiphilic monomers were subsequently copolymerized with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) using varied monomer feed ratios resulting in a thermo-responsive system. The ability of the resultant aggregates in aqueous solution to encapsulate and liberate model drugs (e.g., propofol, griseofulvin and prednisolone) was then determined. Our data showed that the HPMA based formulations were capable of loading the model drug molecules inside their lipophilic core; HPMA-co-(APMA-Dansyl 2%) exhibited the largest drug encapsulation ability. Subsequently, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was incorporated into the intrinsic polymer structure. This resulted in a more rapid drug release profile, whereby 100% of griseofulvin and prednisolone were liberated after only 4 h, which was only 5% and 10% before the PEG inclusion, respectively. Similarly, propofol showed 70% liberation from the polymer aggregate after 24 h, compared with only 30% liberation pre-PEGylation. These studies give an insight into the potential of the HMPA based amphiphiles as thermally responsive cargo carrier/release systems which could be exploited in the delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oct 1, 2020
Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and c... more Poly(allylamine) graft polymers have been shown to hold potential as drug delivery vehicles and complexation agents for biological molecules such as insulin. The nanoparticles formed upon aggregation or complexation allow for enhanced cellular trafficking resulting in enhanced efficacy. Multiple reports have shown the ease of synthesis and reliability of these graft polymers, however, little investigation into the effect of the molecular weight of the homopolymer poly(allylamine) has been carried out. In this work we synthesized a range of oxadiazole grafted poly(allylamine) derivatives of varied molecular weight (15, 17.5, 120 & 900 kDa) set at a 5% polymer:oxadiazole mole grafting. The effect of molecular weight on the size, critical aggregation concentration and drug loading / release was evaluated in model drugs before loading the optimal formulation with doxorubicin and carrying out a preliminary cytotoxicity study. In line with other cationic polymers, the larger poly(allylamine) amphiphilic derivatives resulted in greater drug loading, however, the particle size increased whilst drug loading dramatically decreased, which for cancer nanomedicine could be a barrier for pharmaceutical use.
Molecules, Jan 11, 2018
It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. O... more It is now established that the thieno[2,3-b]pyridines are a potent class of antiproliferatives. One of the main issues encountered for their clinical application is their low water solubility. In order to improve this, two strategies were pursued. First, a morpholine moiety was tethered to the molecular scaffold by substituting the sulphur atom with nitrogen, resulting in a 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine core structure. The water solubility was increased by three orders of magnitude, from 1.2 µg/mL (1-thieno[2,3-b]pyridine) to 1.3 mg/mL (3-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine), however, it was only marginally active against cancer cells. The second strategy involved loading a very potent thieno[2,3-b]pyridine derivative (2) into a cholesteryl-poly(allylamine) polymer matrix for water solubilisation. Suppression of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BxPC-3) viability was observed to an IC 50 value of 0.5 µg/mL (1.30 µM) in conjunction with the polymer, which is a five-fold (×5) increase in potency as compared to the free drug alone, demonstrating the utility of this formulation approach.