Dr Anchana Devi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr Anchana Devi

African Journal of Biotechnology, Jun 26, 2013

Introduction: Multi-drug-resistant bacteria surveillance (MDR) systems are used to identify the e... more Introduction: Multi-drug-resistant bacteria surveillance (MDR) systems are used to identify the epidemiology of MDR bacteria in neonates and children. This study aimed to describe the patterns by which MDR bacteria colonize and infect neonatal (NICU) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients in the state of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed using electronic data on NICU and PICU patients reported to the Rio de Janeiro State MDR bacteria surveillance system. All healthcare institutions that reported at least one case during the study period were included. Results: Between 2014 and 2017, 10,210 MDR bacteria cases, including 9261 colonizations and 949 infections, were reported. Among the colonizations, 5379 occurred in NICUs and 3882 in PICUs, while 405 infections occurred in NICUs and 544 in PICUs. ESBL producing Klebsiella sp and E. coli were the most reported colonization-causing agents in NICUs (1983/5379, 36.9%) and PICUs (1494/3882; 38.5%). The main causing bacteria reported in catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), ventilator associated pneumonia, and catheter-associated urinary tract infection in NICUs were Klebsiella sp and E.coli (56/156, 35.9%), carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB) (22/65, 33.9%), and CRGNB (11/36, 30.6%) respectively, while in PICUs, they were MRSA (53/169, 31.4%), CRGNB (50/87, 57.4%), Klebsiella sp and E.coli (18/52, 34.6%), respectively. Conclusions: MDR Gram-negative bacteria (ESBL producers and carbapenem-resistant bacteria) were the most reported agents among MDR bacteria reported to Rio de Janeiro surveillance system. Except for CLABSI in children, they caused all deviceassociated infections in NICUs and PICUs.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, Apr 1, 2021

Nanoparticles are particles of any shape with size ranging from 10 to 100 nm. Synthesis of metal ... more Nanoparticles are particles of any shape with size ranging from 10 to 100 nm. Synthesis of metal nanoparticle is a single step process, which is inexpensive and eco-friendly method. Metals such as silver, zinc and copper can be used for the production of nanoparticles. Tabernaemontana divericata have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor and analgesic effect. It's used for wound healing and treatment of various diseases like skin diseases, aches, ascaris, scabies eye diseases and pain. Nanoparticles of silver, zinc and copper were biosynthesised from the stem extract of Tabarnaemontana divaricata. Characterization studies were carried out using UV spectrophotometer, FTIR & SEM analysis. The nanoparticle were tested for it potential antibacterial activities. Among the three, AgNPs nanoparticle exhibited more antimicrobial activity than the CuNPs, and ZnNPs. The biomolecules in T. divericata stem extract with the potential to reduce and cap the bio reduced AgNPs were assessed with FTIR spectral measurements.

International journal of life science and pharma research, May 24, 2023

Endometriosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by endometrial tissue out... more Endometriosis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity in females. So far, the invasive laparoscopic method is the only gold standard diagnostic option for endometriosis. The study aims to develop a non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis in patients presenting with one or more symptoms by analyzing the peripheral circulating miRNAs from the serum of the patients. A panel of miRNA 125b-5p, 342-3p, and Let-7b was developed to diagnose endometriosis. We performed the demographic profiling in 56 patients eliciting one or more symptoms of endometriosis without imaging evidence and compared them with 40 patients with the laparoscopically established endometriotic condition. Patients presenting with one or more of the clinical symptoms of endometriosis (n=56) served as the study group, and patients who were proven to be endometriotic by laparoscopy (n=40) served as the training (control) group. The fasting peripheral blood sample was collected, serum was separated, and cryo-preserved. qRT-PCR analysis of the selected miRNAs (miR 125b-5p, miR 342-3p, and Let-7b) was studied in both training (control) and study groups. The results were analyzed using a random forest (RF) approach machine learning algorithm and 10-fold cross-validation. Results indicate significant upregulation of miRNA125b-5p and miRNA 342-3p and downregulation of Let-7b (p <0.001). Further, the samples derived from the study group with one or more symptoms of endometriosis and the proven endometriotic patients exhibited similar dysregulation of selected miRNAs (miR 125b-5p, miR 342-3p, and Let-7b). Based on our study, we propose the miRNAs panel consisting of miR 125b-5p, miR 342-3p, and Let-7b to be used as an early non-invasive diagnostic marker for endometriosis efficiently without the patients being subjected to invasive laparoscopy, which will reduce the time taken for diagnosis and commence the treatment earlier and prevent morbidity.

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Oct 1, 2022

Advances in pharmacology and pharmacy, Oct 1, 2022

Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign gynaecological tumours that affect 50%-60% of femal... more Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign gynaecological tumours that affect 50%-60% of females belonging to reproductive age. The role of progesterone in the growth and development of leiomyomas is evident. Progesterone is regulated by progesterone receptors and it acts by activating PI3K/AKT pathway, by increasing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels and Bcl-2 expression. Thus, modulating the receptor can help in the treatment of leiomyomas. The current study involves testing the efficiency of the various plant-based bioactive compounds to bind to the progesterone receptors, which may possess inhibitory or modulatory effects on or against progesterone receptors. These compounds can be further experimented with using other in vivo and in vitro methods to produce phytomedicine based on drugs for the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. This study is an in silico analysis performed using various bioinformatics databases and software. The receptor and ligand structures were retrieved from PDB and PubChem databases. Their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties were analyzed using various databases. AutoDock4.2.6 was used for molecular docking, and the results were visualized using LigPlot+. Among 15 compounds selected, 8 compounds had higher binding energies than the control drug Ulipristal acetate i.e.,-8.21Kcal/mol. Of which Ursolic acid, Vitamin-D2, and Betulinic acid had binding energies above-9.0 Kcal/mol. This concludes that these compounds can modulate the progesterone receptors, thus decreasing the proliferation and growth of uterine leiomyomas. Further studies can bring out the potential therapeutic effects of these bioactive compounds and they can act as a potential lead compound in the design of novel drug targets for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma.

Moringaoleifera is commonly known as “Drumstick”. It is the most popular tropical crop. All its p... more Moringaoleifera is commonly known as “Drumstick”. It is the most popular tropical crop. All its parts were used especially for their pharmacological, nutritional and water purification properties. The seeds of Moringa tree is used as a natural flocculant which is considered to be a natural alternative in purification of water. The pure cultures of bacterial strains were isolated from various sources. The isolated organisms were characterized by biochemical tests. The organisms were sub cultured in nutrient broth for further use. Moringaoleifera leaves were collected fresh and air dried. The leaves were grounded into fine powder. The leaves were soaked in three different solvents such as water, ethanol and chloroform, kept overnight and filtered out using whatmann filter paper no.2. The phytochemical analysis were carried out. Antimicrobial assay were done with aqueous, ethanol, chloroform extract at different concentrations. The zone of inhibition were observed and tabulated.

Lichens are generally a symbiotic association between a fungal and an algal partner. They produce... more Lichens are generally a symbiotic association between a fungal and an algal partner. They produce an array of secondary metabolites that are common in plants or higher fungi but 80% of metabolites are produced specifically by lichens. The secondary compounds produced by lichens are commonly referred to as “Lichen acids’’ and are produced primarily by the mycobiont partner and are deposited externally on hyphae. The lichen acids possess pharmaceutical applications such as antimicrobial, antiviral and anticancer properties. The Present study was carried out on the synthesis, characterization and application of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous extract and the individual purified compounds of Lichen Parmelia perlata. The Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the aqueous extract and using the purified compounds obtained from the methanolic extract and the nanoparticles thus obtained were characterized by means of UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscop...

International Journal of Academic Research and Development, 2017

Biosurfactants are surface-active substances produced by microorganisms. They are amphiphiles and... more Biosurfactants are surface-active substances produced by microorganisms. They are amphiphiles and consist of a polar (hydrophilic) and non polar (hydrophobic) group. Due to their amphiphilic structure biosurfactants tend to increase the surface area of hydrophobic water-insoluble substances and this makes surfactant an excellent emulsifier, foaming and dispersing agents. They are environmental friendly, biodegradable, less toxic and non-hazardous. Because of their potential advantages, biosurfactants are widely used in many pharmaceutical and industrial applications. The present study was carried out on biosurfactant production by Halobacterium salinarum isolated from marine source. Halobacteria are microorganisms that require high salt concentrations to survive and reside naturally in habitats such as salt lakes and salt marshes. The water sample was collected from marina beach, Chennai and Halobacterium salinarum was isolated using a selective media (HS media) and identified by Gr...

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2012

Epidemiological studies have indicated that 1.7 billion people, as much as one third of the world... more Epidemiological studies have indicated that 1.7 billion people, as much as one third of the world's population, are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB). This pathogen is responsible for more human deaths than any other single infectious agent throughout the centuries of human history. Considering the worldwide TB problems, there is an urgent need to develop relatively inexpensive new drugs to treat this deadly disease. Natural products isolated from plants have played an important role in discovery of drugs against infectious diseases. In the present study, three ligand molecules (basically secondary metabolites) which were commonly present in the plants were docked with the selected Mycobacterium receptor AccD5 and PKS18. Among them Phytol had a significant inhibitory activity with the receptor AccD5 binding to the pocket (GLY 241-GLY 242) forming hydrogen bonds at a very low energy value, thus forming a stable complex.The active compounds were found to be diterpene alcohol and isomers of diterpene alcohol. These molecules had a good number of conformations showing the flexible behavior of the ligand. The total energy of the receptor and ligand complexes has also been calculated.

African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2014

Emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria to currently used antibiotics has made the... more Emergence of drug resistance among pathogenic bacteria to currently used antibiotics has made the search for novel bioactive compounds from natural and unexplored habitats a necessity. In this study, we reported the isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of an actinomycete strain isolated from deteriorated wood of an old house located in the Medina of Fez. The isolate, named H2, was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and was shown to belong to the genus Streptomyces. The isolate was screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, Mycobacteria, yeasts and fungi. Partial characterization of the active substance (resistance to proteinase K and heat) showed that it would be of non-protein nature. The kinetics of production of the active substance showed that the maximum production occurs between the 7th and 10th day of fermentation. In addition, organic extract of the isolate was able to release genomic DNA of Staphylococcus aureus suggesting that it acts probably on the bacterial cell wall. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the ethyl acetate extract followed by bioautography has allowed localizing the active substances. This will open the way to further investigations to demonstrate their potential importance in combating pathogenic bacteria.

Journal of Medical Research and Innovation

Objectives: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autogenous biomaterial, considered as the second-gen... more Objectives: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autogenous biomaterial, considered as the second-generation platelet concentrates rich in blood cells and growth factors entrapped in the fibrin matrix, which makes it as an ideal material with wound healing abilities. Studies have reported high harvest of cells using anticoagulants but the present study employs two different protocols to efficiently separate the platelet-rich layer at low centrifugal forces without the use of anticoagulants. Material and Methods: Blood samples were collected with the consent of 20 volunteer donors. Ten blood samples were tested in each of the protocols studied, that is, protocol 1–200 g for 8 min (higher rpm and time) and protocol 2–60 g for 5 min (lower rpm and time). From the 12 ml of blood samples collected, 2 ml of blood was utilized for whole blood study; the remaining 10 ml was transferred into falcon tubes subjected to different rpm. Results: The present study employs a novel method to investigate...

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the female reproductive system cha... more Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the female reproductive system characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus that affects 5 to 10% of women of reproductive age, which is approximately 176 million women in the world. The women suffering from endometriosis have been reported to have high levels of matrix metalloproteinase (especially MMP-9) which regulates the inflammatory process. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the naturally available anti-inflammatory fungal compounds that can target the MMP-9 by various in silico approaches. Methodology: A wide variety of anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds were screened and five compounds were further selected based on ‘Lipinski’s rule of five’ using the PubChem database. The bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, ADMET properties and biological activity of these compounds were predicted computationally using databases such as SWISS-ADME, PubChem, pkCSM and PASS. The target 1L6J ...

International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology, May 26, 2022

Endometriosis causes severe pain and infertility affecting quality of life. According to ASRM it ... more Endometriosis causes severe pain and infertility affecting quality of life. According to ASRM it is a chronic inflammatory disease that requires lifelong management plan and surgery has to be restricted only once in the life time of the patient. Earlier, the diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed by surgical method and histo-pathological examination. There is often a diagnostic delay up to 7 years or even beyond, which will affect the patients getting earlier treatment. Recently, lot of non-invasive techniques for diagnosis of endometriosis have come into vogue so that, treatment can be planned without surgical diagnosis. Apart from imaging through USG, CT or MRI, earlier lesions can be picked up by biomarkers like IL-6, IL-8, CA 125, HE4, neutrophil-lymphocytic ratio, Hs-CRP, Tumour necrosis alpha and mi RNA, neural elements in endometrium, glyco-proteins like CA-125, CA-19.9, CA-15.3, CA-73, AFP and CEA. Urocortin, activin and follistatin are growth factors and VEGF, TNF-alpha, NK cells, i-SCAM-I, MCP-1 are immunologic markers for diagnosis of endometriosis. Circulating endometrial cells are also present in the peripheral blood of patients. miRNA in endometriosis is found to be a potential biomarker in the recent years and also associated with altered vaginal microbiome. There has been up-regulation and down-regulation of certain miRNAs in endometriosis patients. In patients with symptoms of endometriosis, miRNA study in peripheral blood can be used as a biomarker for confirmation of diagnosis. There is a strong association between mitochondrial DNA variation and endometriosis which is found to be rational biomarkers.

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology

Cervical cancer (CC) contributes to 6%-29% of all cancers in women. In India, 527,624 new cases o... more Cervical cancer (CC) contributes to 6%-29% of all cancers in women. In India, 527,624 new cases of CC are added every year. India contributes to ¼ of deaths worldwide to CC it occurs often in women around the age of 30 yrs which is contributed by a specific kind of human papillomavirus causes long-term infection and inflammation (HPV) which result in morphological changes in the cells of cervix the region that connect vagina and uterus. Cervicovaginal microbiome is observed to be highly diverse among patients with CC where there is reduced number of Latobacillus spp that leads to dysbiosis and decrease in pH and eventually colonised by other anaerobic bacteria. The shift in community state types (CST) is highly associated with the Human Papillomavirus infection and its further progression to cervical dysplasia or CIN i.e. ‘Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia’ and malignant tumour of the cervix uteri. The purpose of this research is to figure out if there’s a link between the cervico-...

Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

Electronic waste or E-waste refers to the discarded electrical or electronic devices which have n... more Electronic waste or E-waste refers to the discarded electrical or electronic devices which have neared their useful life. Because of the toxicity and carcinogenicity of some compounds, the proper management and safe disposal of these electronic wastes have become serious challenges in recent years. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are found almost in every other electronics these days, hence the present study focuses on bioleaching of metals from Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) using bacterial and yeast strains (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Bacillus sp. and Candida tropicalis) isolated from heavily contaminated soil samples. A two-step bioleaching procedure was followed for maximum mobilization of metals. The isolated strains were able to mobilize metals from PCBs with different efficiencies depending on their ability to utilize the E-waste a carbon source when cultivated in minimal media. Bioleaching potential of isolated microbes on eight heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, Fe, Cr, Zn & Co)...

Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences

Endometriosis is an enigmatic disease of women of the reproductive age group. Pain and infertilit... more Endometriosis is an enigmatic disease of women of the reproductive age group. Pain and infertility are the main symptoms. This paper attempts to study the incidence of endometriosis among infertility patients undergoing laparoscopy. Following parameters such as age, SE status, body mass index (BMI), type of infertility, parity, symptoms, family history, menstrual history, medical history, ultrasound (USG) findings, stages of endometriosis, associated findings, and laparoscopy findings were analyzed. Incidence of endometriosis was higher between 26 and 35 years and at all ages stage 3 and stage 4 endometriosis were higher than stage 1 and stage 2. Endometriosis is more common in higher socio-economic class and in women with lower BMI and primary infertility. Among all the symptoms of endometriosis, dysmenorrhea is the most common and most important pointer towards the diagnosis of endometriosis. There is also higher incidence of family history among endometriosis patients. Menstrual ...

Abstract: Waste shells of Crab (Portunus sanguinolentus), sea snail (Turritella attenuate and Bab... more Abstract: Waste shells of Crab (Portunus sanguinolentus), sea snail (Turritella attenuate and Babylonia umbilifusca) were used in the production of Hydroxyapatite bio ceramic compounds. Most of the marine structures are made up of pure calcium carbonate (calcite or argonite) with the addition of very small amount of an organic matrix, bioceramics are produced. Surface sterilization of the shell samples was done using distilled water & 4% Sodium hypochlorite and ground to powder form.Thermal analysis (DTA/TGA), Acid-Base back titration method and FTIR analysis of untreated samples was performed to estimate the calcium carbonate content and to calculate the stoichiometric molar ratio of Ca/P corresponding for Hydroxyapatite bioceramics (HA). This study focuses on a new and effective method of hot-plate heating and continuous stirring for 8 hours at 80°C, followed by treatment at 800°C for 4 hours in air in Muffle furnace was carried out for the effective synthesis of Hydroxyapatite bi...

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, 2021

Topical antimicrobials are mainly used to ght against infection caused by any micro-organism lik... more Topical antimicrobials are mainly used to ght against infection caused by any micro-organism like fungi, virus and bacteria. The topical antimicrobial ointment and gel is less toxic compared to the chemical formulation. Tabernaemontana divericata have antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor and analgesic effect. It is known for its therapeutic effect in the healing of wound and treatment of various diseases like skin diseases, aches, ascaris, scabies, eye diseases and pain. In the present study, Silver nanoparticle was synthesised from the stem extract of Tabarnaemontana divaricata. 1mM of silver nitrate was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticle. Ointment and gel preparations were made using biosynthesised nanoparticle and physical evaluation was carried out. Both ointment and gel forms are known to exhibit high antimicrobial activity as compared to the commercially available ointment and gel. They also have antioxidant, anticoagulation, anti-inammatory, anticancer activity ...