Dr. Deepika Kansal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Uploads
Papers by Dr. Deepika Kansal
Cohesion metrics have been explored widely in the literature for procedural programs and subseque... more Cohesion metrics have been explored widely in the literature for procedural programs and subsequently for object oriented programs. However, as it is commonly found with metrics based approaches, most attempts have been shown to have suffered from some or the other flaws. In this paper, in light of two problems associated with cohesion metrics namely sensitivity and monotonicity, an analysis of a few recent refined metrics is provided. A new metric called ISCOM (Improved Sensitive Cohesion Metric), is proposed. ISCOM addresses these problems capturing the strength of cohesion with a finer granularity and a higher sensitivity. A comparison is also made with the help of cohesion lattice based models to highlight the contributions of the new approach based on sensitivity and monotonicity. We also apply cohesion lattice theory to validate the approach.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Jul 1, 2014
Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. c... more Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. contain many organic and inorganic compounds and metals. Determining impact of these pollutants on natural water bodies is a time consuming and uneconomical task if one tries to measure levels of each pollutant in order to determine its impact. Some of the pollutants may be present in trace levels and using instruments as atomic absorption spectrophotometer or gas chromatographs further adds to cost. In addition the limited physical-chemical analysis is of little help in determining the impact of different pollutants in a comprehensive manner. The Central Pollution Control Board, India therefore developed techniques for bio-monitoring of water bodies and notified Biological Water Quality Criteria for comprehensive assessment of health of water bodies. In addition standard was notified for bioassay test so as to understand combine (synergistic or antagonistic) effects on health and aquatic life's as hazardous chemicals and toxic metals may undergo bio-accumulation and magnification. This paper reviews the methodology and utility of Bioassay test-determining 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent, in water pollution control. It is concluded that use of bio-monitoring techniques not only provides a cost effective solution but will also encourage industries to use green chemicals that are biodegradable, non-toxic and does not damage aquatic life.
International journal of applied research, Mar 1, 2015
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus enhancing their carrier-prospective.
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus...
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2014
Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. c... more Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. contain many organic and inorganic compounds and metals. Determining impact of these pollutants on natural water bodies is a time consuming and uneconomical task if one tries to measure levels of each pollutant in order to determine its impact. Some of the pollutants may be present in trace levels and using instruments as atomic absorption spectrophotometer or gas chromatographs further adds to cost. In addition the limited physical-chemical analysis is of little help in determining the impact of different pollutants in a comprehensive manner. The Central Pollution Control Board, India therefore developed techniques for bio-monitoring of water bodies and notified Biological Water Quality Criteria for comprehensive assessment of health of water bodies. In addition standard was notified for bioassay test so as to understand combine (synergistic or antagonistic) effects on health and aquatic...
One of the most important issues in a biometric system is the leakage of biometric template infor... more One of the most important issues in a biometric system is the leakage of biometric template information. In this paper, we have discussed on biometric template security. Most of the template protection techniques fail to meet all the desired requirements of a biometric system like revocability, security, privacy, and accuracy, so protecting a fingerprint template is a big issue. In this paper, we begin by introducing about biometric after which we will describe attacks on a biometric system which targeting the biometric templates in a biometric system. Thereafter we will explore the existing biometric template protection scheme and techniques and include their strength and weaknesses. In the end, we will discuss the summary of this paper in the conclusion section. Keywords—Biometric, fingerprint, template, security, protection, techniques, approaches.
International journal of applied research, 2015
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus...
This paper highlights the seasonal variation of physical, chemical and biological water quality p... more This paper highlights the seasonal variation of physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters and compares its suitability for drinking purpose. For this study, 17 Ground water samples from different hand pumps and springs were collected randomly from the research area in the month of June (pre-monsoon period) and October (post-monsoon period) respectively to examine its quality for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, EC (Electrical conductivity), TDS (Total dissolved solids), major cations (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium) and anions (carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, and fluoride). The results were then compared with standard limits recommended by Indian Standard Institution, Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), and World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking purpose.
Visual Information Processing X, 2001
AIM OF THE PRESENT WORK Copper (I) salts are unstable in many orgnic solvents. Previous investiga... more AIM OF THE PRESENT WORK Copper (I) salts are unstable in many orgnic solvents. Previous investigations of copper(I) salts are limited only to acetonitrile and its binary mixtures with some organic solvents. Benzonitrile like acetonitrile has also -C -N group attached to the benzene ring system. This solvent like acetonitrile also stabilize copper (I) salts strongly. Moreover, the solubility of copper(I) salts in benzonitrile and its binary mixtures with other organic solvents is much higher as compared to that in acetonitrile. In spite of very favourable properties of benzonitrile, studies of copper salts have never been made in benzonitrile and its binaru mixtures with other organic solvents. The binary mixtures of benzonitrile with acetonitrile and pyridine has a wide range of dielectric constant and viscosity. these solvent systems are very interesting solvent systems for the study of copper(I) salts. Cu+ and Na+ ions have almost some ionic radii (Cu+ = 0.90 A and Na+ = 0.95 A). These ions are expected to have some type of solvation behaviour in many solvents. It has been found that in nitrile solvents and pyridine Cu+ is solvated by a special type of interaction while Na+ is solvated by the normal electrostatic ion-dipole interaction.
Private education institutes have come up in a large manner over last few years in north India. M... more Private education institutes have come up in a large manner over last few years in north India. Many of these are located over private lands in faroff places and provide for hostel and mess facilities. The pollution control boards are therefore persuading these institutes to create their own sewage treatment facilities. This academic exercise is the research work of author on evaluation of resin based pollution control systems on laboratory scale. The need for this project is felt by the author due to large flow variations in the sewage volumes particularly during holidays which may extend over one month. The traditional sewage treatment systems get disrupted due to low feed in this period. Stabilization of biological systems two or three times in a year is considerable task with the institutes. Trials are undertaken using macroporous poly (vinylbenzyl-trimethylammonium) exchanger, a strong-base anion-exchange resin and macroporous-type anion exchange resin with a polystyrene matrix...
Cohesion metrics have been explored widely in the literature for procedural programs and subseque... more Cohesion metrics have been explored widely in the literature for procedural programs and subsequently for object oriented programs. However, as it is commonly found with metrics based approaches, most attempts have been shown to have suffered from some or the other flaws. In this paper, in light of two problems associated with cohesion metrics namely sensitivity and monotonicity, an analysis of a few recent refined metrics is provided. A new metric called ISCOM (Improved Sensitive Cohesion Metric), is proposed. ISCOM addresses these problems capturing the strength of cohesion with a finer granularity and a higher sensitivity. A comparison is also made with the help of cohesion lattice based models to highlight the contributions of the new approach based on sensitivity and monotonicity. We also apply cohesion lattice theory to validate the approach.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Jul 1, 2014
Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. c... more Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. contain many organic and inorganic compounds and metals. Determining impact of these pollutants on natural water bodies is a time consuming and uneconomical task if one tries to measure levels of each pollutant in order to determine its impact. Some of the pollutants may be present in trace levels and using instruments as atomic absorption spectrophotometer or gas chromatographs further adds to cost. In addition the limited physical-chemical analysis is of little help in determining the impact of different pollutants in a comprehensive manner. The Central Pollution Control Board, India therefore developed techniques for bio-monitoring of water bodies and notified Biological Water Quality Criteria for comprehensive assessment of health of water bodies. In addition standard was notified for bioassay test so as to understand combine (synergistic or antagonistic) effects on health and aquatic life's as hazardous chemicals and toxic metals may undergo bio-accumulation and magnification. This paper reviews the methodology and utility of Bioassay test-determining 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent, in water pollution control. It is concluded that use of bio-monitoring techniques not only provides a cost effective solution but will also encourage industries to use green chemicals that are biodegradable, non-toxic and does not damage aquatic life.
International journal of applied research, Mar 1, 2015
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus enhancing their carrier-prospective.
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus...
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 2014
Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. c... more Industrial effluents as from textile, pharmaceutical, tanneries, electroplating industries etc. contain many organic and inorganic compounds and metals. Determining impact of these pollutants on natural water bodies is a time consuming and uneconomical task if one tries to measure levels of each pollutant in order to determine its impact. Some of the pollutants may be present in trace levels and using instruments as atomic absorption spectrophotometer or gas chromatographs further adds to cost. In addition the limited physical-chemical analysis is of little help in determining the impact of different pollutants in a comprehensive manner. The Central Pollution Control Board, India therefore developed techniques for bio-monitoring of water bodies and notified Biological Water Quality Criteria for comprehensive assessment of health of water bodies. In addition standard was notified for bioassay test so as to understand combine (synergistic or antagonistic) effects on health and aquatic...
One of the most important issues in a biometric system is the leakage of biometric template infor... more One of the most important issues in a biometric system is the leakage of biometric template information. In this paper, we have discussed on biometric template security. Most of the template protection techniques fail to meet all the desired requirements of a biometric system like revocability, security, privacy, and accuracy, so protecting a fingerprint template is a big issue. In this paper, we begin by introducing about biometric after which we will describe attacks on a biometric system which targeting the biometric templates in a biometric system. Thereafter we will explore the existing biometric template protection scheme and techniques and include their strength and weaknesses. In the end, we will discuss the summary of this paper in the conclusion section. Keywords—Biometric, fingerprint, template, security, protection, techniques, approaches.
International journal of applied research, 2015
Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemis... more Paper describes approach for consideration by chemistry departments to promote environment chemistry beyond chemistry, particularly when interest in science education is gradually declining among the students. Other than development of a vision of education in environmental chemistry the challenge lies in taking chemistry out of the laboratory and showing the students its importance in the world around us. This is true as environmental chemistry is nothing but interface between chemical behavior of the atmospheric, hydrological and terrestrial systems and human activity. It should not be confused with green chemistry which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. Popularization by way of rich examples in course contents on how pollutants behave in environment and have an impact on humans can be a way forward. This approach will help students understand, how they can apply their chemistry education to the principles and practices of environmental and industrial control thus...
This paper highlights the seasonal variation of physical, chemical and biological water quality p... more This paper highlights the seasonal variation of physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters and compares its suitability for drinking purpose. For this study, 17 Ground water samples from different hand pumps and springs were collected randomly from the research area in the month of June (pre-monsoon period) and October (post-monsoon period) respectively to examine its quality for various physico-chemical parameters such as pH, EC (Electrical conductivity), TDS (Total dissolved solids), major cations (calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium) and anions (carbonate, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, and fluoride). The results were then compared with standard limits recommended by Indian Standard Institution, Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), and World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking purpose.
Visual Information Processing X, 2001
AIM OF THE PRESENT WORK Copper (I) salts are unstable in many orgnic solvents. Previous investiga... more AIM OF THE PRESENT WORK Copper (I) salts are unstable in many orgnic solvents. Previous investigations of copper(I) salts are limited only to acetonitrile and its binary mixtures with some organic solvents. Benzonitrile like acetonitrile has also -C -N group attached to the benzene ring system. This solvent like acetonitrile also stabilize copper (I) salts strongly. Moreover, the solubility of copper(I) salts in benzonitrile and its binary mixtures with other organic solvents is much higher as compared to that in acetonitrile. In spite of very favourable properties of benzonitrile, studies of copper salts have never been made in benzonitrile and its binaru mixtures with other organic solvents. The binary mixtures of benzonitrile with acetonitrile and pyridine has a wide range of dielectric constant and viscosity. these solvent systems are very interesting solvent systems for the study of copper(I) salts. Cu+ and Na+ ions have almost some ionic radii (Cu+ = 0.90 A and Na+ = 0.95 A). These ions are expected to have some type of solvation behaviour in many solvents. It has been found that in nitrile solvents and pyridine Cu+ is solvated by a special type of interaction while Na+ is solvated by the normal electrostatic ion-dipole interaction.
Private education institutes have come up in a large manner over last few years in north India. M... more Private education institutes have come up in a large manner over last few years in north India. Many of these are located over private lands in faroff places and provide for hostel and mess facilities. The pollution control boards are therefore persuading these institutes to create their own sewage treatment facilities. This academic exercise is the research work of author on evaluation of resin based pollution control systems on laboratory scale. The need for this project is felt by the author due to large flow variations in the sewage volumes particularly during holidays which may extend over one month. The traditional sewage treatment systems get disrupted due to low feed in this period. Stabilization of biological systems two or three times in a year is considerable task with the institutes. Trials are undertaken using macroporous poly (vinylbenzyl-trimethylammonium) exchanger, a strong-base anion-exchange resin and macroporous-type anion exchange resin with a polystyrene matrix...