Dr-Hani AL-Rawashdeh - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr-Hani AL-Rawashdeh

Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, Sep 1, 2021

Due to the increasing environmental and economic cost of fossil fuels, alternative sources of ene... more Due to the increasing environmental and economic cost of fossil fuels, alternative sources of energy are needed. One of these sources is wind energy. The wind-turbines extract kinetic energy from the wind to convert it to mechanical energy and then transfer to electrical energy. Wind speed is the most important parameter for an efficient wind energy system. In this work the Microsoft excel software used to analysis of wind speed data and evaluate the wind speed distribution. the wind speed probability estimated and analyzed by using five methods of Weibull and Rayleigh distributions and evaluated the best methods to represent the actual data based on monthly mean wind speed data of the Ma'an city site, Jordan. furthermore, from the analysis, it has been found that the energy pattern factor method EPFM is the best method to represent the actual data and the EPFM is the best and most accurate and efficient method to determine the Weibull distribution parameters (k) and (c). In addition, in this work, the annual average shape parameter (k) is 3.4 and the annual average scale parameter (c) is 4.0 m/s. The most probable wind speed is 4.4 m/s in August and the maximum wind speed carrying maximum energy is 5.2 m/s occurs in October. Meanwhile, the maximum power and energy density are 57.5 W/m 2 , 42.8 kWh/m 2 respectively in August. Moreover, the site has annual power density 39.3W/m 2 and 345.5 kWh/m 2 of energy density.

Energy Conversion and Management, 2020

Effective methods of biomass characterization are needed for energy production due to the increas... more Effective methods of biomass characterization are needed for energy production due to the increase in biomass to bioenergy conversion capacity and the availability of various biomass sources. The utilization of biomass has been enhanced through thermochemical conversion techniques such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. The biomass analytical techniques have been developed to decrease the time and energy required for biomass conversion performance. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analytical techniques facing several limitations when applied individually. Thus, TG coupled with FTIR (TG-FTIR) was used to analyze the main parameters of biomass and improved the energy crop growing developments. In addition, TG-FTIR can determine the suitable ratio for two different biomass or coal blending during the co-pyrolysis and co-gasification to achieve the optimum synergetic interaction. In this review, thermochemical conversion processes such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification are presented. The analysis of the thermochemical conversion of biomass with the use of TG and FTIR individually are then discussed. Lastly, this review aims to discuss the applications of TG-FTIR techniques that have been applied to the analysis of evolved gas from the thermochemical processing of biomass to biofuels.

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2022

This paper examines the impact of accumulated dust on two types of photovoltaic (PV) cells in the... more This paper examines the impact of accumulated dust on two types of photovoltaic (PV) cells in the performance of solar panels facility located in the southern part of Jordan between January to August 2020. To determine the performance of the solar PV panel system, two elements have been considered: sun radiation total efficiency and output power generated from the two types of the PV panel. Results of the study revealed that the mass of dust accumulated on the polycrystalline panel accumulated faster than on the cadmium telluride panel at a rate of 10.5 g/m2 for polycrystalline panels and 8.4g/m2 for cadmium telluride panel. Furthermore, results indicated that the projected drop in the efficiency of washed and unwashed polycrystalline panels decreased monthly by 5% and 16% respectively, while the efficiency of washed and unwashed cadmium telluride panels decreased monthly by 5% and 11.5% respectively. In the same context, results indicated that the wind speed, concentration rate, a...

International Journal of Green Energy, 2008

The wind energy potential in Western Greece was evaluated from measurements of wind speed and dir... more The wind energy potential in Western Greece was evaluated from measurements of wind speed and direction at four weather stations. Data collected over a period of years were used to statistically analyze wind speed distributions. Weibull parameters, at the selected stations, were calculated using three different methods. The theoretical values calculated from the analysis of the collected data performed well with the measured ones. Finally, the correlation between Weibull parameters and the measured wind speed values was performed and analysed for each station.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (I.RE.M.E.), 2019

The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generati... more The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generation has spurred the need for clean energy sources. This has generated significant interest over the last few years via research, investigation, and evaluation looking for sustainable and economical energy sources. The intended objective is to alleviate some of the exhaust gas emissions and greenhouse effects by recovering the waste heat from industrial processes. Among the heat recovery systems, ORC is found to be an efficient and practical power production thermodynamic cycle, owing to its ability to utilize low grade temperature heat sources such as solar energy, geothermal water, biomass, wasted heat and thermal ocean energy conversion. In this study, the recovery of waste heat is utilized to transfer power to the ORC through an intermediate thermal loop in the production of electricity. The WHR was obtained from exhaust flue gases of rotary kiln in a cement plant in Jordan, possessing a temperature range between 280 °C-380 °C; the organic liquid used in the ORC is R245fa. The effects of varying factors on the ORC's performance were analyzed and optimized. The cycle results analysis indicate that the possible electrical power production can be estimated to be around 323.33 kWe, values of 15.86% and 193.3 kW were reached for system performance and exergy, respectively. In addition, an economic analysis performed showed that the payback time period is approximately 3.75 years and monetary net savings could reach up to 200,000 JD per annum.

Sustainability

During hot days, the temperature inside vehicles parked under the sun is very high; according to ... more During hot days, the temperature inside vehicles parked under the sun is very high; according to previous studies, the vehicle cabin temperature can be more than 20 °C higher than the ambient temperature. Due to the greenhouse effect, the heating that occurs inside a vehicle while it is parked under the sun has an impact on energy crises and environmental pollution. In addition, the increase in the temperature inside the cabin will have an effect on the dashboard and plastic accessories and the leather on the seats will age rapidly. The ventilation of solar energy from the cabin of a vehicle parked under the blazing sun has received a great deal of attention. The present study was conducted to utilize a renewable energy system to operate the ventilation system through a novel portable ventilation system powered by solar energy. Experimental results were obtained for a vehicle with and without the solar ventilation system. The results indicate that the maximum daily average differenc...

In this paper, we design and simulate a 20 kW solar on grid power charging unit for electric vehi... more In this paper, we design and simulate a 20 kW solar on grid power charging unit for electric vehicles at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU)/Maan-Jordan by using a Bluesol 3.0, Sketch Up 2018 software. Two scenarios are considered; one where number of vehicles is five in the interval (8 am – 12 pm) & five vehicles in the interval (12 pm - 4 pm) and time of charge half of battery capacity four hours and the second scenarios where number of vehicles is eight in the interval (8 am - 12 pm) & eight vehicles in the interval (12 pm - 4 pm) and time of charge half of battery capacity four hours. We conclude that the system is efficient and very useful to the electric vehicles users in the university. In addition, the system is reducing the CO2 emissions annually from generating power by 28.4 tons of CO2.

The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes vari... more The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes various objectives such as makespan, total flow time, total tardiness, or number of tardy jobs, etc. Due to the combinatorial nature of the flow shop problem (FSP) there is a lot of artificial intelligence methods proposed to solve it. The Genetic Algorithm (GA), one of these methods, is considered a valuable search algorithm capable of finding a reasonable solution in a short computational time. GAparameters, (population size, crossover probability and mutation probability) give different values that can be combined to give various GAs. In this paper we investigate the impact of the GA parameters (population size, crossover probability and mutation probability)on the quality of the GA solution in solving the flow shop scheduling problems. In this paperfourpopulation size (Ps), fivecrossover probability (Pc) andten mutation probability (Pm) are investigated. The computational results show th...

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

Fuel Processing Technology

Abstract Herein, we investigated and analysed the performance and characteristics of a compressio... more Abstract Herein, we investigated and analysed the performance and characteristics of a compression ignition engine on methanol/diesel blends and the impact of engine loads on tailpipe emissions and engine performance. Four combinations of blended methanol were tested and compared with pure diesel. Engine characteristics, such as: brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake power were analysed. HCs and CO emissions followed similar trends. The highest HCs concentration reached 40 ppm at lower load (L1) for pure diesel and 5 ppm for blended fuel at a higher load (L5, B40). NOx emissions showed a different trend, showing a higher concentration of 640 ppm for higher load (L5, B40) and the lowest concentration appeared at lower load (L1) for pure diesel. For each individual load, with blended methanol at different percentages, NOx has increased with higher methanol blends. Whilst with HCs, CO emissions were reduced with an increased percentage of methanol addition. Additionally, smoke emissions were significantly reduced by increasing the methanol percentage in methanol/diesel blends. Pure diesel at all engine loads showed higher brake thermal efficiency and lower fuel consumption. The highest brake specific fuel consumption was found at lower load (L1, B40) and reached up to 0.75 g/kWh.

Current Alternative Energy

Objective: Energy is one of the most significant inputs for development and economic growth. Jord... more Objective: Energy is one of the most significant inputs for development and economic growth. Jordan faces big internal and regional challenges concerns. One of these challenges is the growing Electricity demand, which accompanied by a shortage of available natural resources. Locally, Jordan is generating very limited Electrical energy that contributes only 2.4% of total energy consumption. Therefore, providing reliable and affordable Electricity in Jordan is considered one of the National Energy Strategy. The off-grid energy generating technologies can provide a more reliable supply and has a great potential to supply power to remote and rural areas. It is more environmentally friendly, cost-efficient, and operates independently without relying on multiple public utilities. The purpose of this research is to study gasification technology as one of a renewable energy source that can provide a more reliable supply and has a great potential to supply power to remote and rural areas. Th...

Egyptian Journal for Engineering Sciences and Technology

The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes vari... more The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes various objectives such as makespan, total flow time, total tardiness, or number of tardy jobs, etc. Due to the combinatorial nature of the flow shop problem (FSP) there is a lot of artificial intelligence methods proposed to solve it. The Genetic Algorithm (GA), one of these methods, is considered a valuable search algorithm capable of finding a reasonable solution in a short computational time. GA operators, (selection, crossover and mutation process), give different forms that can be combined to give various GAs. In this paper we investigate the impact of selection, crossover and mutation process on the quality of the GA solution in solving the flow shop scheduling problems. In this study, four selection methods, seventeen crossover methods and eight mutation methods are investigated. The computational results show that there are significant differences among the investigated methods on the performance of the proposed GA.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

Previous studies examining gasoline and hydrogen engines have typically focused on factors pertai... more Previous studies examining gasoline and hydrogen engines have typically focused on factors pertaining to air to fuel ratios, their effects on an ICE performance, combustion by-products produced during the ignition cycle and its subsequent environmental effects. Alternatively, this study examines the ways in which a hydrogen engine cavitation can be enhanced by using a graphene coated layer on the cylinder combustion chamber walls. SEM micrographs for the coated surfaces' microstructure showed a uniform distribution of the graphene layer that was free from cavities and demonstrating little to no observable defects. The study's results also showed large improvements in the BTE and exhaust temperature with respect to BMEP performance. This further resulted in significantly low levels harmful gaseous emissions, with observable reductions in the emissions of CO, NOx, and hydrocarbon derived from gasoline and pure hydrogen fuel. These results are thus indicative of a significant improvement in the performance of this particular typology of engine, in contrast to other experimentation focus found in other studies.

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

The aim of this work was to investigate the stress analysis of crankpin fillets of a crankshaft. ... more The aim of this work was to investigate the stress analysis of crankpin fillets of a crankshaft. Fatigue failure in the crankpin fillet zone is one of the primary causes of the breakdown of crankshafts. In this paper, a polarization–optical method (photoelasticity) was used to study the distribution of stresses from bending in the crank-throw plane of a crankshaft on flat transparent photoelastic models. Results showed that the influence of the radius of crankpin fillet on the value of the stress concentration coefficient is estimated. Results achieved can be used in fatigue life calculation and optimization of this component.

Open Journal of Business and Management

The purpose of this paper is to consider the potential in the projection of Fuzzy logic and Neura... more The purpose of this paper is to consider the potential in the projection of Fuzzy logic and Neural networks, also to make some combination between models to address implementation issues in the prediction of index and prices for Amman stock exchange in different models, where the previous researchers have to demonstrate the differences between these measures. We have used in this research Amman stock Exchange index prices data as a sample set to compare the different application models, where predicting the stock market was very difficult since it depends on no stationary financial data, in addition to the most of the models are nonlinear systems. These papers draw an existing academic and practitioner in literature review as a combination of these models and compare them, the facilities of the development of conceptual methods and the research proposition are the basis for serving this combination. Enhance, the present and recent papers can serve the further researchers into addressing contemporary barriers in the direction of these researchers. The authors show in this paper the Fuzzy logic and Neural networks, in addition to time series analysis through these models, utilized of RSI, OS, MACD, and OBV, then using MSE, MAPE, and RMSE. The research implication represents of too much data for the period of study, also this paper is conceptual in its nature, the paper high lights in finding that the implementation challenges, and how these challenges can facilitate the trader decision in the stock market. The results of the analysis that the ANFIS is the better model to achieve prediction of stock market more than others. When are MAPE and RMSE are the best more than simulation the errors in other methods. Also the fuzzy-neural models as the results of table shows that more prominent in fuzzy-neural models ,while it is appear that in MSE as medium, and MAD posses less amount than other models in all table testing fuzzy-neural models ,therefore it becomes superior in stock prediction .

Renewable Energy

Abstract Energy is one of the most critical inputs for the development and economic growth. The o... more Abstract Energy is one of the most critical inputs for the development and economic growth. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities of fulfilling such global market demands, even going so far as to provide for a more reliable power source that can extend its reach to rural and remote areas. Therefore, in this work, investigating the gasification of carbonaceous materials (biomass materials) was conducted to produce syngas in a theoretically modelled solar reactor (fluidized bed) design. The Monte Carlo ray tracing method was utilized to design an indirectly irradiated fluidized bed solar reactor. This solar reactor was used in the co-gasification process of 50% olive-pomace and 50% lignite mixture to investigate the performance of gasification with changing the H2O: fuel and O2: fuel ratios. Such a solar reactor model approves the ability to use solar energy as the primary heat source in gasification. Oxygen could be fed into a solar gasification reactor reliably to increase temperatures by combusting some of the used feedstock during the frequency of solar transients. The development of the stoichiometric equilibrium model for the co-gasification process was aimed to investigate the solar reactor performance where the addition of lignite to olive-pomace played a significant role in reducing tar formation and increasing the gasification temperature. Monte Carlo ray tracing method presented the absorbed fluxes over a 40 × 40 mm area centre of the tube where the peak flux and average heat flux were 592.4 and 162.5 kW/m2, respectively. Also, the results indicated that, the optimum H2O: fuel and O2: fuel ratios were 1.16 and 0.33, respectively. The change of H2O: fuel ratio has less effect than the change of O2: fuel ratio in the co-gasification process.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generati... more The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generation has spurred the need for clean energy sources. This has generated significant interest over the last few years via research, investigation, and evaluation looking for sustainable and economical energy sources. The intended objective is to alleviate some of the exhaust gas emissions and greenhouse effects by recovering the waste heat from industrial processes. Among the heat recovery systems, ORC is found to be an efficient and practical power production thermodynamic cycle, owing to its ability to utilize low grade temperature heat sources such as solar energy, geothermal water, biomass, wasted heat and thermal ocean energy conversion. In this study, the recovery of waste heat is utilized to transfer power to the ORC through an intermediate thermal loop in the production of electricity. The WHR was obtained from exhaust flue gases of rotary kiln in a cement plant in Jordan, possessing a temperature range between 280 °C – 380 °C; the organic liquid used in the ORC is R245fa. The effects of varying factors on the ORC’s performance were analyzed and optimized. The cycle results analysis indicate that the possible electrical power production can be estimated to be around 323.33 kWe, values of 15.86% and 193.3 kW were reached for system performance and exergy, respectively. In addition, an economic analysis performed showed that the payback time period is approximately 3.75 years and monetary net savings could reach up to 200,000 JD per annum.

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy, Sep 1, 2021

Due to the increasing environmental and economic cost of fossil fuels, alternative sources of ene... more Due to the increasing environmental and economic cost of fossil fuels, alternative sources of energy are needed. One of these sources is wind energy. The wind-turbines extract kinetic energy from the wind to convert it to mechanical energy and then transfer to electrical energy. Wind speed is the most important parameter for an efficient wind energy system. In this work the Microsoft excel software used to analysis of wind speed data and evaluate the wind speed distribution. the wind speed probability estimated and analyzed by using five methods of Weibull and Rayleigh distributions and evaluated the best methods to represent the actual data based on monthly mean wind speed data of the Ma'an city site, Jordan. furthermore, from the analysis, it has been found that the energy pattern factor method EPFM is the best method to represent the actual data and the EPFM is the best and most accurate and efficient method to determine the Weibull distribution parameters (k) and (c). In addition, in this work, the annual average shape parameter (k) is 3.4 and the annual average scale parameter (c) is 4.0 m/s. The most probable wind speed is 4.4 m/s in August and the maximum wind speed carrying maximum energy is 5.2 m/s occurs in October. Meanwhile, the maximum power and energy density are 57.5 W/m 2 , 42.8 kWh/m 2 respectively in August. Moreover, the site has annual power density 39.3W/m 2 and 345.5 kWh/m 2 of energy density.

Energy Conversion and Management, 2020

Effective methods of biomass characterization are needed for energy production due to the increas... more Effective methods of biomass characterization are needed for energy production due to the increase in biomass to bioenergy conversion capacity and the availability of various biomass sources. The utilization of biomass has been enhanced through thermochemical conversion techniques such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. The biomass analytical techniques have been developed to decrease the time and energy required for biomass conversion performance. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analytical techniques facing several limitations when applied individually. Thus, TG coupled with FTIR (TG-FTIR) was used to analyze the main parameters of biomass and improved the energy crop growing developments. In addition, TG-FTIR can determine the suitable ratio for two different biomass or coal blending during the co-pyrolysis and co-gasification to achieve the optimum synergetic interaction. In this review, thermochemical conversion processes such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification are presented. The analysis of the thermochemical conversion of biomass with the use of TG and FTIR individually are then discussed. Lastly, this review aims to discuss the applications of TG-FTIR techniques that have been applied to the analysis of evolved gas from the thermochemical processing of biomass to biofuels.

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2022

This paper examines the impact of accumulated dust on two types of photovoltaic (PV) cells in the... more This paper examines the impact of accumulated dust on two types of photovoltaic (PV) cells in the performance of solar panels facility located in the southern part of Jordan between January to August 2020. To determine the performance of the solar PV panel system, two elements have been considered: sun radiation total efficiency and output power generated from the two types of the PV panel. Results of the study revealed that the mass of dust accumulated on the polycrystalline panel accumulated faster than on the cadmium telluride panel at a rate of 10.5 g/m2 for polycrystalline panels and 8.4g/m2 for cadmium telluride panel. Furthermore, results indicated that the projected drop in the efficiency of washed and unwashed polycrystalline panels decreased monthly by 5% and 16% respectively, while the efficiency of washed and unwashed cadmium telluride panels decreased monthly by 5% and 11.5% respectively. In the same context, results indicated that the wind speed, concentration rate, a...

International Journal of Green Energy, 2008

The wind energy potential in Western Greece was evaluated from measurements of wind speed and dir... more The wind energy potential in Western Greece was evaluated from measurements of wind speed and direction at four weather stations. Data collected over a period of years were used to statistically analyze wind speed distributions. Weibull parameters, at the selected stations, were calculated using three different methods. The theoretical values calculated from the analysis of the collected data performed well with the measured ones. Finally, the correlation between Weibull parameters and the measured wind speed values was performed and analysed for each station.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (I.RE.M.E.), 2019

The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generati... more The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generation has spurred the need for clean energy sources. This has generated significant interest over the last few years via research, investigation, and evaluation looking for sustainable and economical energy sources. The intended objective is to alleviate some of the exhaust gas emissions and greenhouse effects by recovering the waste heat from industrial processes. Among the heat recovery systems, ORC is found to be an efficient and practical power production thermodynamic cycle, owing to its ability to utilize low grade temperature heat sources such as solar energy, geothermal water, biomass, wasted heat and thermal ocean energy conversion. In this study, the recovery of waste heat is utilized to transfer power to the ORC through an intermediate thermal loop in the production of electricity. The WHR was obtained from exhaust flue gases of rotary kiln in a cement plant in Jordan, possessing a temperature range between 280 °C-380 °C; the organic liquid used in the ORC is R245fa. The effects of varying factors on the ORC's performance were analyzed and optimized. The cycle results analysis indicate that the possible electrical power production can be estimated to be around 323.33 kWe, values of 15.86% and 193.3 kW were reached for system performance and exergy, respectively. In addition, an economic analysis performed showed that the payback time period is approximately 3.75 years and monetary net savings could reach up to 200,000 JD per annum.

Sustainability

During hot days, the temperature inside vehicles parked under the sun is very high; according to ... more During hot days, the temperature inside vehicles parked under the sun is very high; according to previous studies, the vehicle cabin temperature can be more than 20 °C higher than the ambient temperature. Due to the greenhouse effect, the heating that occurs inside a vehicle while it is parked under the sun has an impact on energy crises and environmental pollution. In addition, the increase in the temperature inside the cabin will have an effect on the dashboard and plastic accessories and the leather on the seats will age rapidly. The ventilation of solar energy from the cabin of a vehicle parked under the blazing sun has received a great deal of attention. The present study was conducted to utilize a renewable energy system to operate the ventilation system through a novel portable ventilation system powered by solar energy. Experimental results were obtained for a vehicle with and without the solar ventilation system. The results indicate that the maximum daily average differenc...

In this paper, we design and simulate a 20 kW solar on grid power charging unit for electric vehi... more In this paper, we design and simulate a 20 kW solar on grid power charging unit for electric vehicles at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University (AHU)/Maan-Jordan by using a Bluesol 3.0, Sketch Up 2018 software. Two scenarios are considered; one where number of vehicles is five in the interval (8 am – 12 pm) & five vehicles in the interval (12 pm - 4 pm) and time of charge half of battery capacity four hours and the second scenarios where number of vehicles is eight in the interval (8 am - 12 pm) & eight vehicles in the interval (12 pm - 4 pm) and time of charge half of battery capacity four hours. We conclude that the system is efficient and very useful to the electric vehicles users in the university. In addition, the system is reducing the CO2 emissions annually from generating power by 28.4 tons of CO2.

The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes vari... more The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes various objectives such as makespan, total flow time, total tardiness, or number of tardy jobs, etc. Due to the combinatorial nature of the flow shop problem (FSP) there is a lot of artificial intelligence methods proposed to solve it. The Genetic Algorithm (GA), one of these methods, is considered a valuable search algorithm capable of finding a reasonable solution in a short computational time. GAparameters, (population size, crossover probability and mutation probability) give different values that can be combined to give various GAs. In this paper we investigate the impact of the GA parameters (population size, crossover probability and mutation probability)on the quality of the GA solution in solving the flow shop scheduling problems. In this paperfourpopulation size (Ps), fivecrossover probability (Pc) andten mutation probability (Pm) are investigated. The computational results show th...

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

Fuel Processing Technology

Abstract Herein, we investigated and analysed the performance and characteristics of a compressio... more Abstract Herein, we investigated and analysed the performance and characteristics of a compression ignition engine on methanol/diesel blends and the impact of engine loads on tailpipe emissions and engine performance. Four combinations of blended methanol were tested and compared with pure diesel. Engine characteristics, such as: brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake power were analysed. HCs and CO emissions followed similar trends. The highest HCs concentration reached 40 ppm at lower load (L1) for pure diesel and 5 ppm for blended fuel at a higher load (L5, B40). NOx emissions showed a different trend, showing a higher concentration of 640 ppm for higher load (L5, B40) and the lowest concentration appeared at lower load (L1) for pure diesel. For each individual load, with blended methanol at different percentages, NOx has increased with higher methanol blends. Whilst with HCs, CO emissions were reduced with an increased percentage of methanol addition. Additionally, smoke emissions were significantly reduced by increasing the methanol percentage in methanol/diesel blends. Pure diesel at all engine loads showed higher brake thermal efficiency and lower fuel consumption. The highest brake specific fuel consumption was found at lower load (L1, B40) and reached up to 0.75 g/kWh.

Current Alternative Energy

Objective: Energy is one of the most significant inputs for development and economic growth. Jord... more Objective: Energy is one of the most significant inputs for development and economic growth. Jordan faces big internal and regional challenges concerns. One of these challenges is the growing Electricity demand, which accompanied by a shortage of available natural resources. Locally, Jordan is generating very limited Electrical energy that contributes only 2.4% of total energy consumption. Therefore, providing reliable and affordable Electricity in Jordan is considered one of the National Energy Strategy. The off-grid energy generating technologies can provide a more reliable supply and has a great potential to supply power to remote and rural areas. It is more environmentally friendly, cost-efficient, and operates independently without relying on multiple public utilities. The purpose of this research is to study gasification technology as one of a renewable energy source that can provide a more reliable supply and has a great potential to supply power to remote and rural areas. Th...

Egyptian Journal for Engineering Sciences and Technology

The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes vari... more The primary objective of flow shop scheduling is to obtain the best sequence which optimizes various objectives such as makespan, total flow time, total tardiness, or number of tardy jobs, etc. Due to the combinatorial nature of the flow shop problem (FSP) there is a lot of artificial intelligence methods proposed to solve it. The Genetic Algorithm (GA), one of these methods, is considered a valuable search algorithm capable of finding a reasonable solution in a short computational time. GA operators, (selection, crossover and mutation process), give different forms that can be combined to give various GAs. In this paper we investigate the impact of selection, crossover and mutation process on the quality of the GA solution in solving the flow shop scheduling problems. In this study, four selection methods, seventeen crossover methods and eight mutation methods are investigated. The computational results show that there are significant differences among the investigated methods on the performance of the proposed GA.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

Previous studies examining gasoline and hydrogen engines have typically focused on factors pertai... more Previous studies examining gasoline and hydrogen engines have typically focused on factors pertaining to air to fuel ratios, their effects on an ICE performance, combustion by-products produced during the ignition cycle and its subsequent environmental effects. Alternatively, this study examines the ways in which a hydrogen engine cavitation can be enhanced by using a graphene coated layer on the cylinder combustion chamber walls. SEM micrographs for the coated surfaces' microstructure showed a uniform distribution of the graphene layer that was free from cavities and demonstrating little to no observable defects. The study's results also showed large improvements in the BTE and exhaust temperature with respect to BMEP performance. This further resulted in significantly low levels harmful gaseous emissions, with observable reductions in the emissions of CO, NOx, and hydrocarbon derived from gasoline and pure hydrogen fuel. These results are thus indicative of a significant improvement in the performance of this particular typology of engine, in contrast to other experimentation focus found in other studies.

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention

The aim of this work was to investigate the stress analysis of crankpin fillets of a crankshaft. ... more The aim of this work was to investigate the stress analysis of crankpin fillets of a crankshaft. Fatigue failure in the crankpin fillet zone is one of the primary causes of the breakdown of crankshafts. In this paper, a polarization–optical method (photoelasticity) was used to study the distribution of stresses from bending in the crank-throw plane of a crankshaft on flat transparent photoelastic models. Results showed that the influence of the radius of crankpin fillet on the value of the stress concentration coefficient is estimated. Results achieved can be used in fatigue life calculation and optimization of this component.

Open Journal of Business and Management

The purpose of this paper is to consider the potential in the projection of Fuzzy logic and Neura... more The purpose of this paper is to consider the potential in the projection of Fuzzy logic and Neural networks, also to make some combination between models to address implementation issues in the prediction of index and prices for Amman stock exchange in different models, where the previous researchers have to demonstrate the differences between these measures. We have used in this research Amman stock Exchange index prices data as a sample set to compare the different application models, where predicting the stock market was very difficult since it depends on no stationary financial data, in addition to the most of the models are nonlinear systems. These papers draw an existing academic and practitioner in literature review as a combination of these models and compare them, the facilities of the development of conceptual methods and the research proposition are the basis for serving this combination. Enhance, the present and recent papers can serve the further researchers into addressing contemporary barriers in the direction of these researchers. The authors show in this paper the Fuzzy logic and Neural networks, in addition to time series analysis through these models, utilized of RSI, OS, MACD, and OBV, then using MSE, MAPE, and RMSE. The research implication represents of too much data for the period of study, also this paper is conceptual in its nature, the paper high lights in finding that the implementation challenges, and how these challenges can facilitate the trader decision in the stock market. The results of the analysis that the ANFIS is the better model to achieve prediction of stock market more than others. When are MAPE and RMSE are the best more than simulation the errors in other methods. Also the fuzzy-neural models as the results of table shows that more prominent in fuzzy-neural models ,while it is appear that in MSE as medium, and MAD posses less amount than other models in all table testing fuzzy-neural models ,therefore it becomes superior in stock prediction .

Renewable Energy

Abstract Energy is one of the most critical inputs for the development and economic growth. The o... more Abstract Energy is one of the most critical inputs for the development and economic growth. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities of fulfilling such global market demands, even going so far as to provide for a more reliable power source that can extend its reach to rural and remote areas. Therefore, in this work, investigating the gasification of carbonaceous materials (biomass materials) was conducted to produce syngas in a theoretically modelled solar reactor (fluidized bed) design. The Monte Carlo ray tracing method was utilized to design an indirectly irradiated fluidized bed solar reactor. This solar reactor was used in the co-gasification process of 50% olive-pomace and 50% lignite mixture to investigate the performance of gasification with changing the H2O: fuel and O2: fuel ratios. Such a solar reactor model approves the ability to use solar energy as the primary heat source in gasification. Oxygen could be fed into a solar gasification reactor reliably to increase temperatures by combusting some of the used feedstock during the frequency of solar transients. The development of the stoichiometric equilibrium model for the co-gasification process was aimed to investigate the solar reactor performance where the addition of lignite to olive-pomace played a significant role in reducing tar formation and increasing the gasification temperature. Monte Carlo ray tracing method presented the absorbed fluxes over a 40 × 40 mm area centre of the tube where the peak flux and average heat flux were 592.4 and 162.5 kW/m2, respectively. Also, the results indicated that, the optimum H2O: fuel and O2: fuel ratios were 1.16 and 0.33, respectively. The change of H2O: fuel ratio has less effect than the change of O2: fuel ratio in the co-gasification process.

International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME)

The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generati... more The recent surge in environmental awareness along with the increased cost of electricity generation has spurred the need for clean energy sources. This has generated significant interest over the last few years via research, investigation, and evaluation looking for sustainable and economical energy sources. The intended objective is to alleviate some of the exhaust gas emissions and greenhouse effects by recovering the waste heat from industrial processes. Among the heat recovery systems, ORC is found to be an efficient and practical power production thermodynamic cycle, owing to its ability to utilize low grade temperature heat sources such as solar energy, geothermal water, biomass, wasted heat and thermal ocean energy conversion. In this study, the recovery of waste heat is utilized to transfer power to the ORC through an intermediate thermal loop in the production of electricity. The WHR was obtained from exhaust flue gases of rotary kiln in a cement plant in Jordan, possessing a temperature range between 280 °C – 380 °C; the organic liquid used in the ORC is R245fa. The effects of varying factors on the ORC’s performance were analyzed and optimized. The cycle results analysis indicate that the possible electrical power production can be estimated to be around 323.33 kWe, values of 15.86% and 193.3 kW were reached for system performance and exergy, respectively. In addition, an economic analysis performed showed that the payback time period is approximately 3.75 years and monetary net savings could reach up to 200,000 JD per annum.

Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention