Dr Mamta Arya - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr Mamta Arya
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences
![Research paper thumbnail of Unveiling Diversity for Quality Traits in the Indian Landraces of Horsegram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/116541644/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Plants
Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum [Lam.] Verdc.) is an underutilized pulse crop primarily cultivat... more Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum [Lam.] Verdc.) is an underutilized pulse crop primarily cultivated in South Asian countries like India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It offers various nutraceutical properties and demonstrates remarkable resilience to both biotic and abiotic stresses. As a result, it has emerged as a promising crop for ensuring future food and nutritional security. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional profile of 139 horsegram germplasm lines obtained from 16 Indian states that were conserved at the National Gene Bank of India. Standard analytical methods, including those provided by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), were used for this investigation. The study revealed substantial variability in essential nutrients, such as protein (ranging from 21.8 to 26.7 g/100 g), starch (ranging from 26.2 to 33.0 g/100 g), total soluble sugars (TSSs) (ranging from 0.86 to 12.1 g/100 g), phenolics (ranging from 3.38 to 11.3 mg gallic acid equivale...
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2021
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], a quantitative short day crop, readily flowers with a little v... more Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], a quantitative short day crop, readily flowers with a little vegetative biomass under short day conditions and poses a challenge for developing high yielding soybean cultivars for tropical and sub-tropical countries. The long juvenility trait helps in gaining biomass under short days by delaying flowering and has helped to establish soybean as a commercially cultivated crop in these countries. A new soybean long juvenile (LJ) germplasm resource AGS 25 was identified by planting germplasm for 2 years under normal (22 June) and shorter (21 July and 21 August) day lengths. Evaluation of AGS 25 along with 252 germplasm accessions in 2 years at eleven locations (19.2610° N to 29.0222° N) could confirm its latitudinal consistency. Inheritance studies conducted under short day winter conditions identified a single recessive allele controlling long juvenility in four F 2 populations. The genomic region for this trait was located at chromosome 16 and it exp...
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is an agronomically important oilseed crop in the world and an im... more Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is an agronomically important oilseed crop in the world and an important source of protein and oil for both humans and animals. In addition, soybean is also becoming a major crop for bio-diesel production. Therefore, demand for soybean is increasing continuously worldwide. Soybean enriches the soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic interaction with Rhizobia. With increasing challenges posed by climate change, it is predicted that incidents of drought will be more frequent and severe and it will further reduce crop yields. Abiotic stresses such as drought cause severe losses to soybean productivity worldwide by adversely affecting the plant growth, development, and yield. Introgression of genes controlling drought adaptive traits, yields related traits and root system architecture traits by breeding and molecular approaches will be very useful for enhancing drought stress tolerance in soybean, leading to cultivar development. Elucidation...
In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock... more In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock was studied on the basis of six physiological and biochemical characters viz., chlorophyll content, Membrane thermostability (MSI), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. Some promising lines were selected for each trait so that these can be used for the accumulation of favorable alleles in the high yielding wheat cultivar background.
Recent Approaches in Omics for Plant Resilience to Climate Change
Plants undergo a variety of molecular cascades in response to the external stimuli that affect th... more Plants undergo a variety of molecular cascades in response to the external stimuli that affect the metabolome as a whole, resulting in activation of some specialized compounds called metabolites which help them to acclimatize to the changing environment. The study of these metabolites has led to the discovery of metabolomics which is defined as the comprehensive, qualitative and quantitative profiling of all the small molecules in cells, tissues or whole organisms at a specific point of time. It is bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype by providing a more comprehensive view of how cells function, as well as identifying novel or striking changes in specific metabolites. Currently, metabolomics research is being applied to myriad different uses, from plant science (in studies relating to biomass accumulation, environmental stress resistance and secondary metabolite production) to medicine. Metabolomics has contributed significantly not only to the understanding of plant physiology and biology from the view of small chemical molecules that reflect the end point of biological activities but also to the attempts to improve plant behaviour under both normal and stressed conditions during past decades. Recently, metabolomics has been proposed as a complementary approach to the genomics-assisted selection for crop improvement and a few methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) have already been identified in Arabidopsis, tomato and Populus.
Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
Plant Genetic Resources, 2015
Soybean is a leading oilseed crop in India, which contains about 40% of protein and 20% of oil. C... more Soybean is a leading oilseed crop in India, which contains about 40% of protein and 20% of oil. Core collection will accelerate the management and utilization of soybean genetic resources in breeding programmes. In the present study, eight agromorphological traits of 3443 soybean germplasm were analysed for the development of core collection using the principal component score (PCS) strategy and the power core method. The PCS strategy yielded core collection (CC1) of 576 accessions, which accounted for 16.72% of the entire collection (EC). The analysis based on the power core programme resulted in CC2 of 402 accessions, which accounted for 11.67% of the EC. Statistical analysis showed similar trends for the mean and range estimated in both core collections and EC. In addition, the variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variance were in general higher in core collections than in the EC. The correlations observed in the EC in general were preserved in core collections. A tota...
In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock... more In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock was studied on the basis of six physiological and biochemical characters viz., chlorophyll content, Membrane thermostability (MSI), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline content , malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) content. Some promising lines were selected for each trait so that these can be used for the accumulation of favorable alleles in the high yielding wheat cultivar background. 342 Wheat yields can be severely reduced in moisture-stressed environments (Morris et al., 1991), which affect at least 15 million ha of spring wheat alone in the developing world. The optimum temperature for wheat growth and development varies from 1.8 to 34.3 0 C while for anthesis and grain filling its 12-22 0 C (Farooq et al., 2011). Exposure to temperatures above this can significantly reduce grain yield (Tewolde et al., 2006). The current estimates indicate that in...
Soybean is an important oilseed crop next to groundnut and rapeseed & mustard cultivated under va... more Soybean is an important oilseed crop next to groundnut and rapeseed & mustard cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across India. Rapid growth of soybean in terms of area and production has resulted in crop exposed to many biotic and abiotic stresses. Along with drought, salinity and nutrient deficiency, prolonged flooding due to heavy rains and low infiltration rate of the soils in which crop is grown (Vertisols), severely reduces the productivity of soybean in some of the major crop growing regions of India. About 17-43% of yield loss occurs at vegetative growth stage and 50-56% at reproductive stage because of water logging (Oosterhuis et al., 1990). The reduction in yield under water logged conditions is mainly associated with reduced diffusion of gases resulting in reduced absorption of oxygen by the roots. Therefore, to overcome the losses on account of water logging, it is imperative to evaluate and identify genetic sources possessing relative tolerance/resistance...
A screening technique known as ‘cup method’ was standardized and used for screening of soybean ge... more A screening technique known as ‘cup method’ was standardized and used for screening of soybean genotypes for tolerance to water logging conditions. Per cent increase in plant height and per cent reduction in dry weight were taken as criteria for screening genotypes with comparatively better performances. Fifty soybean genotypes including popular varieties, germplasm lines and breeding lines were screened with this method for the assessment of their response to artificially created water logging conditions. Based on these values, few genotypes viz., JS 95 60, JS 97 52, Bhatt, Cat 3299 and JS 93 05 showed relatively better tolerance among the genotypes under study, which can be used in breeding programme for the development of water logging tolerant varieties.
Soybean, an important oilseed crop is cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across In... more Soybean, an important oilseed crop is cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across India. • Prolonged flooding due to heavy rains severely reduces the productivity of soybean. • Evaluation of genetic resources is imperative to overcome this loss and thus the present study was performed to evaluate soybean genotypes for their tolerance to waterlogging conditions. INTRODUCTION • Twenty genotypes of soybean viz., JS 90-41, JS 97-52 (check), JS-66 and Bhatt were screened under control and stressed conditions. • Data on percent increase in plant height, no of pods per plant, dry weight, grain weight and chlorophyll content were recorded. • Seed yield has been used to categorize the genotypes for their relative tolerances to water logging conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS • Percent increase in plant height was reduced for treatment plot as compared to control plot, which means that the plant growth had slowed down during water logging stress. • Reduced plant growth due to wate...
Abstract: The present investigation was planned to assess genetic diversity for yield, yield cont... more Abstract: The present investigation was planned to assess genetic diversity for yield, yield contributing traits and quality traits in threehundred indigenous germplasm of bread wheat. The germplasm along with 4 checks were evaluated in augmented design atthe Crop ...
Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2014
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences
Plants
Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum [Lam.] Verdc.) is an underutilized pulse crop primarily cultivat... more Horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum [Lam.] Verdc.) is an underutilized pulse crop primarily cultivated in South Asian countries like India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It offers various nutraceutical properties and demonstrates remarkable resilience to both biotic and abiotic stresses. As a result, it has emerged as a promising crop for ensuring future food and nutritional security. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional profile of 139 horsegram germplasm lines obtained from 16 Indian states that were conserved at the National Gene Bank of India. Standard analytical methods, including those provided by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), were used for this investigation. The study revealed substantial variability in essential nutrients, such as protein (ranging from 21.8 to 26.7 g/100 g), starch (ranging from 26.2 to 33.0 g/100 g), total soluble sugars (TSSs) (ranging from 0.86 to 12.1 g/100 g), phenolics (ranging from 3.38 to 11.3 mg gallic acid equivale...
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2021
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], a quantitative short day crop, readily flowers with a little v... more Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.], a quantitative short day crop, readily flowers with a little vegetative biomass under short day conditions and poses a challenge for developing high yielding soybean cultivars for tropical and sub-tropical countries. The long juvenility trait helps in gaining biomass under short days by delaying flowering and has helped to establish soybean as a commercially cultivated crop in these countries. A new soybean long juvenile (LJ) germplasm resource AGS 25 was identified by planting germplasm for 2 years under normal (22 June) and shorter (21 July and 21 August) day lengths. Evaluation of AGS 25 along with 252 germplasm accessions in 2 years at eleven locations (19.2610° N to 29.0222° N) could confirm its latitudinal consistency. Inheritance studies conducted under short day winter conditions identified a single recessive allele controlling long juvenility in four F 2 populations. The genomic region for this trait was located at chromosome 16 and it exp...
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is an agronomically important oilseed crop in the world and an im... more Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] is an agronomically important oilseed crop in the world and an important source of protein and oil for both humans and animals. In addition, soybean is also becoming a major crop for bio-diesel production. Therefore, demand for soybean is increasing continuously worldwide. Soybean enriches the soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiotic interaction with Rhizobia. With increasing challenges posed by climate change, it is predicted that incidents of drought will be more frequent and severe and it will further reduce crop yields. Abiotic stresses such as drought cause severe losses to soybean productivity worldwide by adversely affecting the plant growth, development, and yield. Introgression of genes controlling drought adaptive traits, yields related traits and root system architecture traits by breeding and molecular approaches will be very useful for enhancing drought stress tolerance in soybean, leading to cultivar development. Elucidation...
In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock... more In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock was studied on the basis of six physiological and biochemical characters viz., chlorophyll content, Membrane thermostability (MSI), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. Some promising lines were selected for each trait so that these can be used for the accumulation of favorable alleles in the high yielding wheat cultivar background.
Recent Approaches in Omics for Plant Resilience to Climate Change
Plants undergo a variety of molecular cascades in response to the external stimuli that affect th... more Plants undergo a variety of molecular cascades in response to the external stimuli that affect the metabolome as a whole, resulting in activation of some specialized compounds called metabolites which help them to acclimatize to the changing environment. The study of these metabolites has led to the discovery of metabolomics which is defined as the comprehensive, qualitative and quantitative profiling of all the small molecules in cells, tissues or whole organisms at a specific point of time. It is bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype by providing a more comprehensive view of how cells function, as well as identifying novel or striking changes in specific metabolites. Currently, metabolomics research is being applied to myriad different uses, from plant science (in studies relating to biomass accumulation, environmental stress resistance and secondary metabolite production) to medicine. Metabolomics has contributed significantly not only to the understanding of plant physiology and biology from the view of small chemical molecules that reflect the end point of biological activities but also to the attempts to improve plant behaviour under both normal and stressed conditions during past decades. Recently, metabolomics has been proposed as a complementary approach to the genomics-assisted selection for crop improvement and a few methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) have already been identified in Arabidopsis, tomato and Populus.
Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
Plant Genetic Resources, 2015
Soybean is a leading oilseed crop in India, which contains about 40% of protein and 20% of oil. C... more Soybean is a leading oilseed crop in India, which contains about 40% of protein and 20% of oil. Core collection will accelerate the management and utilization of soybean genetic resources in breeding programmes. In the present study, eight agromorphological traits of 3443 soybean germplasm were analysed for the development of core collection using the principal component score (PCS) strategy and the power core method. The PCS strategy yielded core collection (CC1) of 576 accessions, which accounted for 16.72% of the entire collection (EC). The analysis based on the power core programme resulted in CC2 of 402 accessions, which accounted for 11.67% of the EC. Statistical analysis showed similar trends for the mean and range estimated in both core collections and EC. In addition, the variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variance were in general higher in core collections than in the EC. The correlations observed in the EC in general were preserved in core collections. A tota...
In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock... more In the present study 102 indigenous germplasm lines were used and the effect of sudden heat shock was studied on the basis of six physiological and biochemical characters viz., chlorophyll content, Membrane thermostability (MSI), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, proline content , malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) content. Some promising lines were selected for each trait so that these can be used for the accumulation of favorable alleles in the high yielding wheat cultivar background. 342 Wheat yields can be severely reduced in moisture-stressed environments (Morris et al., 1991), which affect at least 15 million ha of spring wheat alone in the developing world. The optimum temperature for wheat growth and development varies from 1.8 to 34.3 0 C while for anthesis and grain filling its 12-22 0 C (Farooq et al., 2011). Exposure to temperatures above this can significantly reduce grain yield (Tewolde et al., 2006). The current estimates indicate that in...
Soybean is an important oilseed crop next to groundnut and rapeseed & mustard cultivated under va... more Soybean is an important oilseed crop next to groundnut and rapeseed & mustard cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across India. Rapid growth of soybean in terms of area and production has resulted in crop exposed to many biotic and abiotic stresses. Along with drought, salinity and nutrient deficiency, prolonged flooding due to heavy rains and low infiltration rate of the soils in which crop is grown (Vertisols), severely reduces the productivity of soybean in some of the major crop growing regions of India. About 17-43% of yield loss occurs at vegetative growth stage and 50-56% at reproductive stage because of water logging (Oosterhuis et al., 1990). The reduction in yield under water logged conditions is mainly associated with reduced diffusion of gases resulting in reduced absorption of oxygen by the roots. Therefore, to overcome the losses on account of water logging, it is imperative to evaluate and identify genetic sources possessing relative tolerance/resistance...
A screening technique known as ‘cup method’ was standardized and used for screening of soybean ge... more A screening technique known as ‘cup method’ was standardized and used for screening of soybean genotypes for tolerance to water logging conditions. Per cent increase in plant height and per cent reduction in dry weight were taken as criteria for screening genotypes with comparatively better performances. Fifty soybean genotypes including popular varieties, germplasm lines and breeding lines were screened with this method for the assessment of their response to artificially created water logging conditions. Based on these values, few genotypes viz., JS 95 60, JS 97 52, Bhatt, Cat 3299 and JS 93 05 showed relatively better tolerance among the genotypes under study, which can be used in breeding programme for the development of water logging tolerant varieties.
Soybean, an important oilseed crop is cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across In... more Soybean, an important oilseed crop is cultivated under varying agro-climatic conditions across India. • Prolonged flooding due to heavy rains severely reduces the productivity of soybean. • Evaluation of genetic resources is imperative to overcome this loss and thus the present study was performed to evaluate soybean genotypes for their tolerance to waterlogging conditions. INTRODUCTION • Twenty genotypes of soybean viz., JS 90-41, JS 97-52 (check), JS-66 and Bhatt were screened under control and stressed conditions. • Data on percent increase in plant height, no of pods per plant, dry weight, grain weight and chlorophyll content were recorded. • Seed yield has been used to categorize the genotypes for their relative tolerances to water logging conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS • Percent increase in plant height was reduced for treatment plot as compared to control plot, which means that the plant growth had slowed down during water logging stress. • Reduced plant growth due to wate...
Abstract: The present investigation was planned to assess genetic diversity for yield, yield cont... more Abstract: The present investigation was planned to assess genetic diversity for yield, yield contributing traits and quality traits in threehundred indigenous germplasm of bread wheat. The germplasm along with 4 checks were evaluated in augmented design atthe Crop ...
Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2014