Dr. Munish Kaundal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr. Munish Kaundal
![Research paper thumbnail of Effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and temperature on growth, physiology and essential oil composition of Salvia sclarea L. in the western Himalayas](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84387943/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2017
Field experiments were conducted during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to study the growth performance o... more Field experiments were conducted during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to study the growth performance of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under different temperature regimes over the crop growth period. The agroclimatic indices for temperature viz., growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU) were computed for different phenological stages of the crop. Changes in weather parameters concomitant to different sowing time caused significant variation in the performance of the crop. The results indicated that the early sown crop had longer crop span (205 days) than the late sown (142 days). From emergence to seed maturity, white clover accumulated GDD of 2314±72 °C days, HTU of 17791±409 °C days hour and PTU of 29412±742 °C days hour, respectively. Positive correlations were found between fresh leaf weight, fresh stem weight and fresh root weight for GDD, HTU and PTU.
Journal of Agrometeorology
Valeriana jatamansi is an important medicinal and aromatic plant used as sedative in modern and ... more Valeriana jatamansi is an important medicinal and aromatic plant used as sedative in modern and traditional medicines butthere is dearth of literature regarding how elevated CO2 and temperature affect on this plant. Therefore,an experiment was conducted to study the effect of elevated CO2 (550±50 µmol mol-1) and elevated temperature (2.5±0.5°C above ambient) and vermicompost on growth, phenology and biomass accumulation in V. jatamansi under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and Free Air TemperatureIncrement (FATI) facilities at Palampur, India, during 2013-2015. Growth parameters and biomass accumulation into different parts were observed at 4, 12 and 16 months after exposure (MAE). Plant height, total dry biomass and leaf area plant -1 increased in elevated CO2 treatment applied with vermicompost as compared to the other treatments. Elevated CO2 significantly enhanced leaf area (3.5-23.5%), leaf biomass (12.7-33.2%), stem (15.3-15.6%), root (3.2-72.5%), rhizome (2.1-42.2%) and total...
Plant Physiology Reports, 2021
Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicines in treating... more Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicines in treating neurological disorders and depression. Still, there is a shortage of information on elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) and elevated temperature (eT) effect on this plant. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ambient CO 2 (390 µmol mol −1 ), elevated CO 2 under free air CO 2 enrichment (FACE, 550 ± 50 µmol mol −1 ) and elevated temperature under free air temperature increase (FATI, 2.5 ± 0.5 °C above ambient) facilities at Palampur, India during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. During both the years, the number of branches, dry biomass (leaf, root, and flower), aboveground biomass increased under eCO 2 over ambient. Averaged across both the year, total dry biomass increased by 10.4% in eCO 2 at 6 months after exposure (MAE). However, by 12.6% at 8 MAE compared to ambient, decreased by 7.3% under eT at 6 MAE, respectively. Hypericin concentration was significantly higher under eT over ambient at 6 MAE. ...
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2017
A field experiment was conducted to study different manures and inorganic fertilizers effect on d... more A field experiment was conducted to study different manures and inorganic fertilizers effect on damask rose during 2008–2012. The rose essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydro distillation in Clevenger type apparatus and the components in the rose oil were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Application of 90:80:90 kg nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium (NPK) ha−1 outshine all other treatments and recorded significantly higher flower and oil yield as compared to control. EO yield was also significantly correlated with flower yield plant−1, number of flowers plant,−1 and flower yield ha−1. The higher percentage of citronellol+nerol was obtained by the application of 120:40:90 kg NPK ha−1. Geraniol (26.2%) was maximum when the plants were fertilized with 90:40:90 kg NPK ha−1. Citronellol+nerol/geraniol ratio was also high in fertilized plots. Furthermore, manure application resulted in a marked improvement in chemical properties (pH, perce...
Salvia sclarea is one of the important aromatic crop of the world, but very less information is a... more Salvia sclarea is one of the important aromatic crop of the world, but very less information is available on the effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and temperature on growth, essential oil content and composition of this crop and realistic data from field experiments are lacking. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ambient (390 μmol mol −1 CO 2 ) and elevated [CO 2 ] under Free Air [CO 2 ] Enrichment (FACE, 550 ± 30 μmol mol −1 [CO 2 ]) and elevated temperature under Free Air Temperature Increment (FATI, 2.5–3.0 °C above ambient) facilities at the CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Palampur, India during 2013–2014. Different growth and yield parameters of the plant viz. dry biomass accumulation, number of leaves/plant, plant height, leaf area/plant and essential oil composition were studied. Total dry biomass production was 162.4% and 21.4% higher in FATI and FACE, respectively, as compared to ambient (control). Number ...
Industrial Crops and Products, 2016
Foliar application of nutrients plays a vital role in plant metabolism. Very little research has ... more Foliar application of nutrients plays a vital role in plant metabolism. Very little research has been carried out with foliar spray of nutrients on growth, yield, essential oil content and composition of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) under western Himalayas, hence the experiments were conducted from December 2012 to May 2014, to study the effect of foliar application of MgSO4, CuSO4 and ZnSO4 alone and in combinations at different concentrations for the first time. Eleven treatments, either single or mixture of salts were applied through foliar spray to damask rose plants according to experimental layout. Results of the study revealed that foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 2% recorded 21.9% and 21.3% higher numbers of flower/plant and flower yield/plant than control, respectively. Individual flower weight, essential oil content, chlorophyll content index and number of branches/plant were not affected by different treatments. However, essential oil composition was significantly affe...
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants
Abstract: Valeriana jatamansi is an important Himalayan medicinal and aromatic herb. An experimen... more Abstract: Valeriana jatamansi is an important Himalayan medicinal and aromatic herb. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of environmental conditions and vermicompost at free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and free air temperature increase (FATI) facilities of CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India during 2013-2015. Experiment comprised of six treatments with two factors, viz., three levels of environmental conditions viz., ambient conditions (390 μmol mol-1), elevated CO2 (550±50 μmol mol-1) and elevated temperature (2.5±0.5°C above ambient) and two levels of vermicompost (control and with vermicompost). Experiments were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. Essential oil was obtained from rhizomes and roots of V. jatamansi after 12 months of exposure to elevated CO2 and temperature by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus for 6 h. Elevated CO2 enhanced the essential oil content by 17.7 % and elevated temperature decreased by 4.3 % as compared to ambient conditions. Essential oil composition was significantly affected by different treatments. Patchouli alcohol, bornyl acetate, β-patchoulene, germacrene D, monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were significantly higher in FACE and FATI as compared to ambient. Vermicompost application increased trans-β-guaiene, globulol, β-patchoulene, camphene, germacrene D and bornyl acetate content. These results indicate that elevated CO2 jatamansi. and temperature alters essential oil content and composition of V.
International Journal of Plant Production
Changes in phenology, growth, biomass production and photosynthetic parameters in Trifolium repen... more Changes in phenology, growth, biomass production and photosynthetic parameters in Trifolium repens L. were studied under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE; 550 ± 50 µmol mol−1 [CO2]) and Free Air Temperature Increment FATI for 2 years during 2010–11 and 2011–12 in temperate Himalaya. Plant height, root volume, leaf area and dry biomass of T. repens increased from 8.8 to 33.5% under elevated [CO2] but decreased from 4.6 to 58.1% under elevated temperature compared to ambient environment. Leaf area increased by 24.1 and 29.5% under elevated [CO2], however, elevated temperature reduced leaf area by 78.1 and 38.6% compared to ambient conditions during 2010–11 and 2011–12, respectively. Leaf net photosynthetic rates (PN) and stomatal conductance (gS) measured at 390 ± 10 µmol m−2 s−1 CO2, declined under FACE and FATI environment as compared to control conditions, with greater reduction during year 2011–12 than 2010–11. The values of PN in year 2011–2012 during spring and autumn were lower by 13% and 7% under FACE and 24% and 18% under FATI, respectively, compared to ambient (control) conditions, when measured at 400 µmol m−2 s−1. For year 2012, gS showed a decrease by 26% and 39% under FACE and by 21% under FATI during spring and autumn months, respectively, compared to ambient conditions. All phenological stages were significantly advanced under elevated temperature but showed a delayed response under elevated [CO2] as compared to ambient conditions.
Of the 250-300 odd species of genus Trifolium (family Fabaceae) (Anonymous, 2008), white clover (... more Of the 250-300 odd species of genus Trifolium (family Fabaceae) (Anonymous, 2008), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the most important species in the temperate region of the world. The high forage quality and yield, besides its role in symbiotic N 2 fixation, make it a valuable forage crop. Owing to its wide adaptability under changing conditions of soil, and environmental variables, the species response to changing environmental variables has been used in several climate change models. T. repens is grown as a winter crop in northern India. Temperature is one of the most important climatic events that affect the growth, phenology and development of winter crop (Kalra, 2008). Plants have a definite temperature requirement before they attain certain phenological stages. A change in optimum temperature during different phenological stages of a crop adversely affects the initiation and duration of different phenophases and finally economic yield of the crop. It is therefore indispensable to have knowledge of exact duration of phenophases in a particular environment and their association with yield attributes for achieving high yields (Kumari et al., 2009). Influence of temperature on phenology and yield of crop plants can be studied under field condition through accumulated heat unit system
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016
Abstract Wide applications and low oil content of damask rose have made it mandatory to design ag... more Abstract Wide applications and low oil content of damask rose have made it mandatory to design agro practices which can increase the oil yield and quality. Therefore, experiments were conducted to study the variation in essential oil content and composition of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) by potassium nitrate (KNO3) foliar spray and use of sodium chloride salt (NaCl) during distillation of flowers under western Himalayas during 2012 at CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India. The quantity was measured as the ratio of oil to rose flower (v/w, %) and the quality was evaluated using the oil composition. The essential oil content and composition were affected by foliar spray of KNO3 on rose plants and addition of NaCl in water during distillation. Significantly higher number of flowers and flower yield were recorded by the application of 900 ppm KNO3. The percentage of citronellol+nerol, increased with application of KNO3 up to 900 ppm and declined thereafter. Geraniol content increased with application of KNO3 up to 1200 ppm. Flowers treated with 75 g NaCl/kg of rose flowers showed an increase of 42% oil yield over control. Beside this a decrease of 44% and an increase of 26% were observed in the percentage of hydrocarbons and monoterpene alcohols, respectively, in this treatment compared to control.
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2017
Field experiments were conducted during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to study the growth performance o... more Field experiments were conducted during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 to study the growth performance of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) under different temperature regimes over the crop growth period. The agroclimatic indices for temperature viz., growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU) were computed for different phenological stages of the crop. Changes in weather parameters concomitant to different sowing time caused significant variation in the performance of the crop. The results indicated that the early sown crop had longer crop span (205 days) than the late sown (142 days). From emergence to seed maturity, white clover accumulated GDD of 2314±72 °C days, HTU of 17791±409 °C days hour and PTU of 29412±742 °C days hour, respectively. Positive correlations were found between fresh leaf weight, fresh stem weight and fresh root weight for GDD, HTU and PTU.
Journal of Agrometeorology
Valeriana jatamansi is an important medicinal and aromatic plant used as sedative in modern and ... more Valeriana jatamansi is an important medicinal and aromatic plant used as sedative in modern and traditional medicines butthere is dearth of literature regarding how elevated CO2 and temperature affect on this plant. Therefore,an experiment was conducted to study the effect of elevated CO2 (550±50 µmol mol-1) and elevated temperature (2.5±0.5°C above ambient) and vermicompost on growth, phenology and biomass accumulation in V. jatamansi under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) and Free Air TemperatureIncrement (FATI) facilities at Palampur, India, during 2013-2015. Growth parameters and biomass accumulation into different parts were observed at 4, 12 and 16 months after exposure (MAE). Plant height, total dry biomass and leaf area plant -1 increased in elevated CO2 treatment applied with vermicompost as compared to the other treatments. Elevated CO2 significantly enhanced leaf area (3.5-23.5%), leaf biomass (12.7-33.2%), stem (15.3-15.6%), root (3.2-72.5%), rhizome (2.1-42.2%) and total...
Plant Physiology Reports, 2021
Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicines in treating... more Hypericum perforatum L. is a medicinal plant used in traditional and modern medicines in treating neurological disorders and depression. Still, there is a shortage of information on elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) and elevated temperature (eT) effect on this plant. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ambient CO 2 (390 µmol mol −1 ), elevated CO 2 under free air CO 2 enrichment (FACE, 550 ± 50 µmol mol −1 ) and elevated temperature under free air temperature increase (FATI, 2.5 ± 0.5 °C above ambient) facilities at Palampur, India during 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. During both the years, the number of branches, dry biomass (leaf, root, and flower), aboveground biomass increased under eCO 2 over ambient. Averaged across both the year, total dry biomass increased by 10.4% in eCO 2 at 6 months after exposure (MAE). However, by 12.6% at 8 MAE compared to ambient, decreased by 7.3% under eT at 6 MAE, respectively. Hypericin concentration was significantly higher under eT over ambient at 6 MAE. ...
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2017
A field experiment was conducted to study different manures and inorganic fertilizers effect on d... more A field experiment was conducted to study different manures and inorganic fertilizers effect on damask rose during 2008–2012. The rose essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydro distillation in Clevenger type apparatus and the components in the rose oil were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Application of 90:80:90 kg nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium (NPK) ha−1 outshine all other treatments and recorded significantly higher flower and oil yield as compared to control. EO yield was also significantly correlated with flower yield plant−1, number of flowers plant,−1 and flower yield ha−1. The higher percentage of citronellol+nerol was obtained by the application of 120:40:90 kg NPK ha−1. Geraniol (26.2%) was maximum when the plants were fertilized with 90:40:90 kg NPK ha−1. Citronellol+nerol/geraniol ratio was also high in fertilized plots. Furthermore, manure application resulted in a marked improvement in chemical properties (pH, perce...
Salvia sclarea is one of the important aromatic crop of the world, but very less information is a... more Salvia sclarea is one of the important aromatic crop of the world, but very less information is available on the effect of elevated [CO 2 ] and temperature on growth, essential oil content and composition of this crop and realistic data from field experiments are lacking. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at ambient (390 μmol mol −1 CO 2 ) and elevated [CO 2 ] under Free Air [CO 2 ] Enrichment (FACE, 550 ± 30 μmol mol −1 [CO 2 ]) and elevated temperature under Free Air Temperature Increment (FATI, 2.5–3.0 °C above ambient) facilities at the CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Palampur, India during 2013–2014. Different growth and yield parameters of the plant viz. dry biomass accumulation, number of leaves/plant, plant height, leaf area/plant and essential oil composition were studied. Total dry biomass production was 162.4% and 21.4% higher in FATI and FACE, respectively, as compared to ambient (control). Number ...
Industrial Crops and Products, 2016
Foliar application of nutrients plays a vital role in plant metabolism. Very little research has ... more Foliar application of nutrients plays a vital role in plant metabolism. Very little research has been carried out with foliar spray of nutrients on growth, yield, essential oil content and composition of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) under western Himalayas, hence the experiments were conducted from December 2012 to May 2014, to study the effect of foliar application of MgSO4, CuSO4 and ZnSO4 alone and in combinations at different concentrations for the first time. Eleven treatments, either single or mixture of salts were applied through foliar spray to damask rose plants according to experimental layout. Results of the study revealed that foliar application of ZnSO4 @ 2% recorded 21.9% and 21.3% higher numbers of flower/plant and flower yield/plant than control, respectively. Individual flower weight, essential oil content, chlorophyll content index and number of branches/plant were not affected by different treatments. However, essential oil composition was significantly affe...
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants
Abstract: Valeriana jatamansi is an important Himalayan medicinal and aromatic herb. An experimen... more Abstract: Valeriana jatamansi is an important Himalayan medicinal and aromatic herb. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of environmental conditions and vermicompost at free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) and free air temperature increase (FATI) facilities of CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India during 2013-2015. Experiment comprised of six treatments with two factors, viz., three levels of environmental conditions viz., ambient conditions (390 μmol mol-1), elevated CO2 (550±50 μmol mol-1) and elevated temperature (2.5±0.5°C above ambient) and two levels of vermicompost (control and with vermicompost). Experiments were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. Essential oil was obtained from rhizomes and roots of V. jatamansi after 12 months of exposure to elevated CO2 and temperature by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus for 6 h. Elevated CO2 enhanced the essential oil content by 17.7 % and elevated temperature decreased by 4.3 % as compared to ambient conditions. Essential oil composition was significantly affected by different treatments. Patchouli alcohol, bornyl acetate, β-patchoulene, germacrene D, monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were significantly higher in FACE and FATI as compared to ambient. Vermicompost application increased trans-β-guaiene, globulol, β-patchoulene, camphene, germacrene D and bornyl acetate content. These results indicate that elevated CO2 jatamansi. and temperature alters essential oil content and composition of V.
International Journal of Plant Production
Changes in phenology, growth, biomass production and photosynthetic parameters in Trifolium repen... more Changes in phenology, growth, biomass production and photosynthetic parameters in Trifolium repens L. were studied under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE; 550 ± 50 µmol mol−1 [CO2]) and Free Air Temperature Increment FATI for 2 years during 2010–11 and 2011–12 in temperate Himalaya. Plant height, root volume, leaf area and dry biomass of T. repens increased from 8.8 to 33.5% under elevated [CO2] but decreased from 4.6 to 58.1% under elevated temperature compared to ambient environment. Leaf area increased by 24.1 and 29.5% under elevated [CO2], however, elevated temperature reduced leaf area by 78.1 and 38.6% compared to ambient conditions during 2010–11 and 2011–12, respectively. Leaf net photosynthetic rates (PN) and stomatal conductance (gS) measured at 390 ± 10 µmol m−2 s−1 CO2, declined under FACE and FATI environment as compared to control conditions, with greater reduction during year 2011–12 than 2010–11. The values of PN in year 2011–2012 during spring and autumn were lower by 13% and 7% under FACE and 24% and 18% under FATI, respectively, compared to ambient (control) conditions, when measured at 400 µmol m−2 s−1. For year 2012, gS showed a decrease by 26% and 39% under FACE and by 21% under FATI during spring and autumn months, respectively, compared to ambient conditions. All phenological stages were significantly advanced under elevated temperature but showed a delayed response under elevated [CO2] as compared to ambient conditions.
Of the 250-300 odd species of genus Trifolium (family Fabaceae) (Anonymous, 2008), white clover (... more Of the 250-300 odd species of genus Trifolium (family Fabaceae) (Anonymous, 2008), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the most important species in the temperate region of the world. The high forage quality and yield, besides its role in symbiotic N 2 fixation, make it a valuable forage crop. Owing to its wide adaptability under changing conditions of soil, and environmental variables, the species response to changing environmental variables has been used in several climate change models. T. repens is grown as a winter crop in northern India. Temperature is one of the most important climatic events that affect the growth, phenology and development of winter crop (Kalra, 2008). Plants have a definite temperature requirement before they attain certain phenological stages. A change in optimum temperature during different phenological stages of a crop adversely affects the initiation and duration of different phenophases and finally economic yield of the crop. It is therefore indispensable to have knowledge of exact duration of phenophases in a particular environment and their association with yield attributes for achieving high yields (Kumari et al., 2009). Influence of temperature on phenology and yield of crop plants can be studied under field condition through accumulated heat unit system
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016
Abstract Wide applications and low oil content of damask rose have made it mandatory to design ag... more Abstract Wide applications and low oil content of damask rose have made it mandatory to design agro practices which can increase the oil yield and quality. Therefore, experiments were conducted to study the variation in essential oil content and composition of damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) by potassium nitrate (KNO3) foliar spray and use of sodium chloride salt (NaCl) during distillation of flowers under western Himalayas during 2012 at CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India. The quantity was measured as the ratio of oil to rose flower (v/w, %) and the quality was evaluated using the oil composition. The essential oil content and composition were affected by foliar spray of KNO3 on rose plants and addition of NaCl in water during distillation. Significantly higher number of flowers and flower yield were recorded by the application of 900 ppm KNO3. The percentage of citronellol+nerol, increased with application of KNO3 up to 900 ppm and declined thereafter. Geraniol content increased with application of KNO3 up to 1200 ppm. Flowers treated with 75 g NaCl/kg of rose flowers showed an increase of 42% oil yield over control. Beside this a decrease of 44% and an increase of 26% were observed in the percentage of hydrocarbons and monoterpene alcohols, respectively, in this treatment compared to control.