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Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Fetal Nasal Bone Length Between 11 to 15 Weeks of Gestational Age and Its Correlation with Fetal Outcome

Paripex Indian Journal Of Research, 2020

The aim of this study to establish the reference range of fetal nasal bone length (NBL) of Indian... more The aim of this study to establish the reference range of fetal nasal bone length (NBL) of Indian fetuses between 11 to 15 weeks of gestational age and to study its correlation with fetal outcome . This study presents the normal range of fetal Nasal bone length in fetus between 11 to 15 weeks of gestational age. The fetal NBL was measured in millimetres in a strict sagittal view of the fetal head. The NBL appears to be marginally shorter in Indian fetuses than in other fetuses. This indicates that the normal range would vary among races so while considering the measurement a relative percentile is a more reliable screening criterion than an absolute value.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation Between Ultrasound-Based Acr Ti-Rads and Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid-Cytopathology: A Prospective Study at Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India

PARIPEX INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 2020

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound(USG) is the initial imaging tool for the assessment of thyroid lesions, du... more BACKGROUND: Ultrasound(USG) is the initial imaging tool for the assessment of thyroid lesions, due to its easy availability and no radiation risk.USG based TIRADS uses particular lexicons for reporting a focal thyroid nodule,based on which risk of malignancy is calculated and finally a TIRADS category is assigned.The lexicons used are helpful for effective communication between the practitioners. OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of ACR based TIRADS in predicting suspicious thyroid nodules and categorizing the patients in need of further evaluation with FNAC or follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was done over a period of 1 year (January 2019–January 2020)and include 50 patients. Patients having thyroid nodules in B-mode ultrasound were included in the study. The nodules were then grouped into their respective categories based on ACR TI-RADS and further management was decided. Pathological correlation using Bethesda classification and cancer risk of each TIRAD...

Research paper thumbnail of A Correlative Study on Spindle Cell Sarcoma with Cyto-Histological Grading by Conventional Methods in an Indian Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017

Objective: Spindle cell sarcomas constitute an important component of soft tissue sarcomas, where... more Objective: Spindle cell sarcomas constitute an important component of soft tissue sarcomas, where accurate grading is more important than histologic subtypes to plan treatment strategies and determine prognosis. To assess whether histologic criteria for grading sarcomas could be applied to fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of adult spindle cell sarcomas without knowledge of sarcoma subtypes. Furthermore, correlate this grading with histologic Federation Nationale Des Centres de lutte contre le cancer (FNCLCC) grading system and find out the percentage of accuracy of FNAB grading. Methods: Hundred cases were studied by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), among them 50 cases found to be spindle cell sarcoma; in only 42 cases surgical specimens were available. Each aspiration being spread into two or more slides. Subsequently, biopsy was done and studied. Technique used - grading of FNAB specimens and corresponding surgical specimens. Result: Grading of FNAB specimens ...

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of the sinonasal anatomical variants in recurrent acute rhinosinusitis patients

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017

Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS), a low form chronic rhinosinusitis is frequentl... more Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS), a low form chronic rhinosinusitis is frequently under evaluated. The significance of sinonasal anatomical variants of osteomeatal complex (OMC) and spheno-ethmoidal (SE) recess regions in patients of RARS is assessed.Methods: Retrospective analysis of coronal sinonasal computed tomography images of 120 RARS patients presented with sinonasal anatomical variants during November 2013 to October 2016 was carried out. Patients with acute and expansile sinonasal lesions are excluded.Results: Sinonasal anatomical variants in the regions of OMC and SE recess are responsible for obstruction of normal mucociliary drainage of corresponding paranasal sinuses in presence of inflammation predisposing to RARS. Anatomical variants of nasal septum were, deviated nasal septum (DNS) in 86 (72%) and septal spur in 58 (48%) patients. Anatomical variants in OMC region were, pneumatized middle turbinate (concha bullosa) in 50 (48%), paradoxical middle tur...

Research paper thumbnail of Significance of relationship between anatomical variants of middle turbinate and nasal septum in recurrent acute rhinosinusitis patients

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2017

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of relationship between anatomical ... more Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of relationship between anatomical variants of middle turbinate and nasal septum, and role for the causation of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: Retrospective analysis of sinonasal computerized tomography (CT) images of 160 patients with history of RARS during August 2015 to December 2016 was done for evaluation of concha bullosa (CB) and paradoxical middle turbinate (PMT) associated with deviated nasal septum (DNS). Measurements of CB, PMT and septal deviation angles were recorded. Patients with acute and expansile paranasal sinus diseases were excluded. Results: Of the total 160 RARS cases with DNS, 120 cases had unilateral (contralateral and ipsilateral) and bilateral (dominant and similar sized) CB, and were distributed into group I (contralateral and dominant) and group II (ipsilateral and similar sized bilateral) basing on the direction of septal convexity. Maximum transverse diameter of CB (MTDCB) and septal deviation angle values were highly significant (p =0.0001) in group I CB cases. Direction of septal convexity had no significance (58 to right and 62 to left) in relation to CB pneumatization. Septal deviation severity in group I CB cases was highly significant (p =0.0001). The fraction of 40 unilateral and bilateral PMT cases revealed no significance (p =0.45) with severity of DNS. Conclusions: Anatomical variants of middle turbinate associated with DNS caused increased prevalence of OMC pattern RARS. Contralateral and dominant CBs had shown relationship in direct proportion to the severity of septal deviation contributing to recurrent rhinosinusitis.

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of isolated ethmoid sinus infections in asymptomatic patients of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017

Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) being a low form chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), ... more Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) being a low form chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), is relatively under diagnosed many times because of lack of awareness regarding pattern of the disease presentation. Aim of the study is to evaluate the radiological significance of isolated ethmoid sinusitis in patients of RARS during the asymptomatic interval in between acute episodes of rhinosinusitis.Methods: Total 124 patients with history suggestive of RARS who had undergone computed tomography study of brain during April 2015 to October 2016 for indications other than sinonasal diseases, were evaluated for isolated ethmoid sinusitis in the department of Radiology. Patients having any inflammatory or expansile sinonasal masses were excluded.Results: Of total 124 patients of RARS aged from 18 to 70 years (mean age of 38.6 years), the study population included only seventy-two (58%) patients having isolated ethmoid sinus infections, were classified in to mild unilateral group I (46%)...

Research paper thumbnail of Bayesian analysis of high-resolution ultrasonography and guided fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of palpable thyroid nodules

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2016

Introduction: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution ultrasonography in differentiati... more Introduction: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution ultrasonography in differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in comparison to results of guided fine needle aspiration cytology based on the Bayes rule. Objective: To assess the validity of ultrasonography results of thyroid nodules in comparison to guided fine needle aspiration cytology findings. Methods: This study was done on randomly chosen 80 patients presented with palpable thyroid nodules, undergone real-time sonographic evaluation of thyroid nodules to characterize features, internal consistency, margins, echotexture, calcification, peripheral lucent halo and vascularity. Ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration cytology studies of thyroid nodules were done. Results: Palpable thyroid nodules were highly prevalent in fourth and fifth decades of life with female-male ratio, 4:1. Solid internal consistency was demonstrated by 75% malignant nodules. Hypoechogenicity and intra-nodular micro-calcifications were observed in 92% malignant nodules; 83% malignant nodules had intra-nodular vascularity and absence of peripheral halo. The pre-test prevalence of malignant nodules in the targeted population was 17.5%. As type I error, 2.5% false-positive cases and as type II error, 5.0% false-negative cases were detected. Values of sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasonography test were 71.43 and 96.97%, respectively. Conclusion: Malignant thyroid nodules demonstrated ultrasonography characteristics of hypoechoic texture, intra-nodular micro-calcifications, solid consistency, internal vascularity and absence of peripheral halo. The ultrasonography test has 92.5% diagnostic accuracy to ଝ Please cite this article as: Sahu N, Padhy RN. Bayesian analysis of high-resolution ultrasonography and guided fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of palpable thyroid nodules.

Research paper thumbnail of Age-related changes in ventricular system of brain in normal individuals by computed tomography scans

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of high-resolution computed tomography for elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients – an analysis with culture test

Polish Journal of Radiology, 2020

Purpose: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly populati... more Purpose: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly population, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) modality for the diagnosis of PTB, in comparison to culture test. Material and methods: Thoracic HRCT images of the study population, comprising 124 patients clinically suspected for PTB with smear and culture reports, were analysed for sensitivity and specificity of the HRCT test. Features of active PTB were centrilobular nodules, 'tree-in-bud' pattern densities, macro-nodules, consolidations, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacities, and miliary nodules. Results: Among the study population, 108 cases presented HRCT features of active PTB and the remaining cases were negative but had presented a few features mimicking PTB. As inferred from positive culture test results, 106 cases had active PTB, the remaining cases were culture negative for PTB. False-positive (FP) or 'type I error' cases, and false-negative (FN) or 'type II error' cases were ascertained by Bayes' theorem. Sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (true negative rate) of HRCT test were 0.8125 and 0.8571, respectively. Conclusions: For proper diagnosis the predictive capability, as two values of 'a posteriori probability' , was computed; the mean value of 'a posteriori probability' for HRCT was 0.6358. When its culture test was positive, the HRCT test was 69.56-92.85% efficient in ascertaining positive results with a sample; on the other hand, when its culture test was negative it was 66.66-100% efficient for a negative result. Thus, the HRCT test is considerably dependable.

Research paper thumbnail of Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy in Adult Indo-Dravidian Patients with Deviated Nasal Septum

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017

Objective: Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and significance of inferior turbinate... more Objective: Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and significance of inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) in adult indo-dravidian patients with deviated nasal septum (DNS). Methods: Analysis of sinonasal computerized tomography (CT) images of 86 patients having DNS was done during October 2015-December 2016 for evaluation of severity of the associated ITH. Values of maximum width of medial mucosa, bone and total width of the turbinate were measured. Patients with inflammatory or expansile sinonasal masses were excluded. Results: Total 86 patients with varying degrees of septal deviation with ages ranging from 18 to 72 years (mean age of 42.8 years) were distributed as: Group I, mild cases and Group II, moderate and severe DNS cases. Patients having ITH on the contralateral side of deviation were included in the study group. The dimensions of the ITH were evaluated. The medial mucosal component of the ITH underwent maximum hypertrophy as compared to bone and lateral mucosa ...

Research paper thumbnail of Measurement of Fetal Nasal Bone Length Between 11 to 15 Weeks of Gestational Age and Its Correlation with Fetal Outcome

Paripex Indian Journal Of Research, 2020

The aim of this study to establish the reference range of fetal nasal bone length (NBL) of Indian... more The aim of this study to establish the reference range of fetal nasal bone length (NBL) of Indian fetuses between 11 to 15 weeks of gestational age and to study its correlation with fetal outcome . This study presents the normal range of fetal Nasal bone length in fetus between 11 to 15 weeks of gestational age. The fetal NBL was measured in millimetres in a strict sagittal view of the fetal head. The NBL appears to be marginally shorter in Indian fetuses than in other fetuses. This indicates that the normal range would vary among races so while considering the measurement a relative percentile is a more reliable screening criterion than an absolute value.

Research paper thumbnail of Correlation Between Ultrasound-Based Acr Ti-Rads and Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid-Cytopathology: A Prospective Study at Tertiary Care Center in Eastern India

PARIPEX INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 2020

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound(USG) is the initial imaging tool for the assessment of thyroid lesions, du... more BACKGROUND: Ultrasound(USG) is the initial imaging tool for the assessment of thyroid lesions, due to its easy availability and no radiation risk.USG based TIRADS uses particular lexicons for reporting a focal thyroid nodule,based on which risk of malignancy is calculated and finally a TIRADS category is assigned.The lexicons used are helpful for effective communication between the practitioners. OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of ACR based TIRADS in predicting suspicious thyroid nodules and categorizing the patients in need of further evaluation with FNAC or follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study was done over a period of 1 year (January 2019–January 2020)and include 50 patients. Patients having thyroid nodules in B-mode ultrasound were included in the study. The nodules were then grouped into their respective categories based on ACR TI-RADS and further management was decided. Pathological correlation using Bethesda classification and cancer risk of each TIRAD...

Research paper thumbnail of A Correlative Study on Spindle Cell Sarcoma with Cyto-Histological Grading by Conventional Methods in an Indian Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017

Objective: Spindle cell sarcomas constitute an important component of soft tissue sarcomas, where... more Objective: Spindle cell sarcomas constitute an important component of soft tissue sarcomas, where accurate grading is more important than histologic subtypes to plan treatment strategies and determine prognosis. To assess whether histologic criteria for grading sarcomas could be applied to fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) specimens of adult spindle cell sarcomas without knowledge of sarcoma subtypes. Furthermore, correlate this grading with histologic Federation Nationale Des Centres de lutte contre le cancer (FNCLCC) grading system and find out the percentage of accuracy of FNAB grading. Methods: Hundred cases were studied by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), among them 50 cases found to be spindle cell sarcoma; in only 42 cases surgical specimens were available. Each aspiration being spread into two or more slides. Subsequently, biopsy was done and studied. Technique used - grading of FNAB specimens and corresponding surgical specimens. Result: Grading of FNAB specimens ...

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of the sinonasal anatomical variants in recurrent acute rhinosinusitis patients

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017

Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS), a low form chronic rhinosinusitis is frequentl... more Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS), a low form chronic rhinosinusitis is frequently under evaluated. The significance of sinonasal anatomical variants of osteomeatal complex (OMC) and spheno-ethmoidal (SE) recess regions in patients of RARS is assessed.Methods: Retrospective analysis of coronal sinonasal computed tomography images of 120 RARS patients presented with sinonasal anatomical variants during November 2013 to October 2016 was carried out. Patients with acute and expansile sinonasal lesions are excluded.Results: Sinonasal anatomical variants in the regions of OMC and SE recess are responsible for obstruction of normal mucociliary drainage of corresponding paranasal sinuses in presence of inflammation predisposing to RARS. Anatomical variants of nasal septum were, deviated nasal septum (DNS) in 86 (72%) and septal spur in 58 (48%) patients. Anatomical variants in OMC region were, pneumatized middle turbinate (concha bullosa) in 50 (48%), paradoxical middle tur...

Research paper thumbnail of Significance of relationship between anatomical variants of middle turbinate and nasal septum in recurrent acute rhinosinusitis patients

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2017

Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of relationship between anatomical ... more Background: Aim of the study was to evaluate the significance of relationship between anatomical variants of middle turbinate and nasal septum, and role for the causation of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: Retrospective analysis of sinonasal computerized tomography (CT) images of 160 patients with history of RARS during August 2015 to December 2016 was done for evaluation of concha bullosa (CB) and paradoxical middle turbinate (PMT) associated with deviated nasal septum (DNS). Measurements of CB, PMT and septal deviation angles were recorded. Patients with acute and expansile paranasal sinus diseases were excluded. Results: Of the total 160 RARS cases with DNS, 120 cases had unilateral (contralateral and ipsilateral) and bilateral (dominant and similar sized) CB, and were distributed into group I (contralateral and dominant) and group II (ipsilateral and similar sized bilateral) basing on the direction of septal convexity. Maximum transverse diameter of CB (MTDCB) and septal deviation angle values were highly significant (p =0.0001) in group I CB cases. Direction of septal convexity had no significance (58 to right and 62 to left) in relation to CB pneumatization. Septal deviation severity in group I CB cases was highly significant (p =0.0001). The fraction of 40 unilateral and bilateral PMT cases revealed no significance (p =0.45) with severity of DNS. Conclusions: Anatomical variants of middle turbinate associated with DNS caused increased prevalence of OMC pattern RARS. Contralateral and dominant CBs had shown relationship in direct proportion to the severity of septal deviation contributing to recurrent rhinosinusitis.

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of isolated ethmoid sinus infections in asymptomatic patients of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2017

Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) being a low form chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), ... more Background: Recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS) being a low form chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), is relatively under diagnosed many times because of lack of awareness regarding pattern of the disease presentation. Aim of the study is to evaluate the radiological significance of isolated ethmoid sinusitis in patients of RARS during the asymptomatic interval in between acute episodes of rhinosinusitis.Methods: Total 124 patients with history suggestive of RARS who had undergone computed tomography study of brain during April 2015 to October 2016 for indications other than sinonasal diseases, were evaluated for isolated ethmoid sinusitis in the department of Radiology. Patients having any inflammatory or expansile sinonasal masses were excluded.Results: Of total 124 patients of RARS aged from 18 to 70 years (mean age of 38.6 years), the study population included only seventy-two (58%) patients having isolated ethmoid sinus infections, were classified in to mild unilateral group I (46%)...

Research paper thumbnail of Bayesian analysis of high-resolution ultrasonography and guided fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of palpable thyroid nodules

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 2016

Introduction: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution ultrasonography in differentiati... more Introduction: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution ultrasonography in differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in comparison to results of guided fine needle aspiration cytology based on the Bayes rule. Objective: To assess the validity of ultrasonography results of thyroid nodules in comparison to guided fine needle aspiration cytology findings. Methods: This study was done on randomly chosen 80 patients presented with palpable thyroid nodules, undergone real-time sonographic evaluation of thyroid nodules to characterize features, internal consistency, margins, echotexture, calcification, peripheral lucent halo and vascularity. Ultrasonography guided fine needle aspiration cytology studies of thyroid nodules were done. Results: Palpable thyroid nodules were highly prevalent in fourth and fifth decades of life with female-male ratio, 4:1. Solid internal consistency was demonstrated by 75% malignant nodules. Hypoechogenicity and intra-nodular micro-calcifications were observed in 92% malignant nodules; 83% malignant nodules had intra-nodular vascularity and absence of peripheral halo. The pre-test prevalence of malignant nodules in the targeted population was 17.5%. As type I error, 2.5% false-positive cases and as type II error, 5.0% false-negative cases were detected. Values of sensitivity and specificity of the ultrasonography test were 71.43 and 96.97%, respectively. Conclusion: Malignant thyroid nodules demonstrated ultrasonography characteristics of hypoechoic texture, intra-nodular micro-calcifications, solid consistency, internal vascularity and absence of peripheral halo. The ultrasonography test has 92.5% diagnostic accuracy to ଝ Please cite this article as: Sahu N, Padhy RN. Bayesian analysis of high-resolution ultrasonography and guided fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of palpable thyroid nodules.

Research paper thumbnail of Age-related changes in ventricular system of brain in normal individuals by computed tomography scans

Research paper thumbnail of Radiological significance of high-resolution computed tomography for elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients – an analysis with culture test

Polish Journal of Radiology, 2020

Purpose: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly populati... more Purpose: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the major health problems in the elderly population, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) modality for the diagnosis of PTB, in comparison to culture test. Material and methods: Thoracic HRCT images of the study population, comprising 124 patients clinically suspected for PTB with smear and culture reports, were analysed for sensitivity and specificity of the HRCT test. Features of active PTB were centrilobular nodules, 'tree-in-bud' pattern densities, macro-nodules, consolidations, cavitary lesions, ground-glass opacities, and miliary nodules. Results: Among the study population, 108 cases presented HRCT features of active PTB and the remaining cases were negative but had presented a few features mimicking PTB. As inferred from positive culture test results, 106 cases had active PTB, the remaining cases were culture negative for PTB. False-positive (FP) or 'type I error' cases, and false-negative (FN) or 'type II error' cases were ascertained by Bayes' theorem. Sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (true negative rate) of HRCT test were 0.8125 and 0.8571, respectively. Conclusions: For proper diagnosis the predictive capability, as two values of 'a posteriori probability' , was computed; the mean value of 'a posteriori probability' for HRCT was 0.6358. When its culture test was positive, the HRCT test was 69.56-92.85% efficient in ascertaining positive results with a sample; on the other hand, when its culture test was negative it was 66.66-100% efficient for a negative result. Thus, the HRCT test is considerably dependable.

Research paper thumbnail of Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Inferior Turbinate Hypertrophy in Adult Indo-Dravidian Patients with Deviated Nasal Septum

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2017

Objective: Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and significance of inferior turbinate... more Objective: Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and significance of inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) in adult indo-dravidian patients with deviated nasal septum (DNS). Methods: Analysis of sinonasal computerized tomography (CT) images of 86 patients having DNS was done during October 2015-December 2016 for evaluation of severity of the associated ITH. Values of maximum width of medial mucosa, bone and total width of the turbinate were measured. Patients with inflammatory or expansile sinonasal masses were excluded. Results: Total 86 patients with varying degrees of septal deviation with ages ranging from 18 to 72 years (mean age of 42.8 years) were distributed as: Group I, mild cases and Group II, moderate and severe DNS cases. Patients having ITH on the contralateral side of deviation were included in the study group. The dimensions of the ITH were evaluated. The medial mucosal component of the ITH underwent maximum hypertrophy as compared to bone and lateral mucosa ...