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Papers by Dr. Nitika Mundetia
Issue 1, 2014
Rainfall indices and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were obtained for Rajasthan State cha... more Rainfall indices and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were obtained for Rajasthan State characterized as the most sensitive and vulnerable state in India. Daily rainfall data of 35 years (1971-2005) for 31 well-spread stations were used to generate critical area maps. From the analysis of rainfall indices, it is observed that few stations situated in east and south-eastern side in the state have shown high negative change for annual and monthly rainfall but not such negative change is observed in the case of average number of wet days for the same stations. Similarly from SPI drought analysis both short term and long term, higher tendency of mild droughts is observed than moderate and severe droughts with a noticeable increase in occurrence of severe droughts on longer time scales. The study describes importance of SPI and rainfall indices in understanding the climate change impacts and droughts to provide better assessment and management aspects for the society.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Sep 1, 2018
Watershed management is very crucial for arid and semi-arid regions dealing with limited availabi... more Watershed management is very crucial for arid and semi-arid regions dealing with limited availability of water resource. Morphometric assessment and prioritization studies provide basic criterion for effective local level watershed planning and natural resource management. The present study is an attempt to analyze morphometric characters of the Khari River basin and prioritize the sub-watersheds on the basis of ground water potentialities indicated by morphometric parameters using GIS approach. Khari River is semi-arid ephemeral; it is a tributary of Banas River, an important river of central Rajasthan (India). The basin has been subdivided in five sub-watersheds namely SW1 to SW5. Linear, areal, and relief parameters are calculated for Khari basin as well as for each sub-watershed. Morphometric parameters that are related to groundwater potentialities are ranked and compound factor values are calculated for each sub-watershed and priority is allotted based on these values. First priority is given to the least value of compound factor that indicate most deficit ground water condition. Overall results illustrate that Khari is a sixth-order stream and covers 6205 km 2 area. Dendritic pattern is observed in Khari and in all the five sub-watersheds that indicate homogenous nature of underlain material and less structural control in the topography. Presence of low bifurcation ratio, low drainage density, and low drainage frequency values are favorable parameters of good permeability, infiltration in the basin, further gentle slope, coarse drainage texture, moderate to low relief, and elongated shape-all these parameters indicate good groundwater potentialities in major portions of the basin. Prioritization results show that the sub-watershed SW4 is at first priority with most deficit groundwater potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds and require water conservation measures. Subwatershed SW4 has high values in linear parameters and low value in shape parameters that specify for poor groundwater potential, less permeability and high runoff, etc. Sub-watershed SW5 on contrary has indicated highest ground water potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds of the basin. The study provide local drainage morphometric information and preliminary prioritization for better water resource management in semi-arid region to achieve water self-sufficiency and sustainability at basin level.
Social Indicators Research, Sep 15, 2017
The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using ... more The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using an alternate non-compensatory composite index denoted as Mazziotta-Pareto Index (MPI). The study identifies the critical districts of the Rajasthan state, which is the largest state of India with lots of diversity. The index facilitates linear aggregation and introduces penalties for unbalance values in the index in both positive as well as negative phenomena. Region specific dimension and indicators selected for the study highlights the socioeconomic status, infrastructure, health care facilities, literacy and employment conditions in different districts. MPI results in the form of rankings, cluster maps and radial charts, classify all the districts in five ranks according to the combined performance in both the phenomena. The results highlights that districts Pratapgarh, Dungarpur, Banswara, Dhaulpur and Jaisalmer situated in south, northeast and west border of the state are falling in the category of low development and high poverty conditions, whereas districts Jaipur (capital of state) and Kota from south eastern region are the best performing districts of the state with high development and low poverty conditions. Further, important factors for each class are highlighted from indicator and sub-indices radial charts. Overall, the present research generates a case study results for preliminary application of an alternate index MPI in district level vulnerability mapping to strengthen the decentralized approach in policy reforms. The further detail study is suggested to bring out area specific policy interventions to overcome spatial disparities in the state.
Ecological Engineering, 2020
This study analyses the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Banas River Basin, wh... more This study analyses the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Banas River Basin, which is located in a semi-arid part of the state of Rajasthan in India. A bias-corrected ensemble mean of three CORDEX-SA driving GCM experiments (CNRM-CM5, CCSM4, and MPI-ESM-LR) was used with the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict water yield and evapotranspiration for three future periods (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2099) under two representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), and the results were compared with the data of a historical period (1979-2008). The SUFI-2 method was used for the calibration and validation of the SWAT model. The model was calibrated for the period of five years (1982-1986) and validated for the next five years (1987-1991). The values of R 2 , NSE, bR 2 , PBIAS, and RSR were, respectively, 0.78, 0.77, 0.61, 47.4 and 0.48 during the calibration period, and 0.71, 0.65, 0.60, 72.1 and 0.59 during the validation period. Trend analysis was also performed for annual future predicted flows using the Sen Slope method. From the results, it can be predicted that precipitation, evapotranspiration, and water yield will increase in all the three future periods under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Water availability in the future in the basin (zone wise) was identified using appropriate indicators. Per-capita water availability and meteorological variation were used to calculate future water availability and, considering these indicators, it can be concluded that zone 3 will better than the other zones. Zone 3 exhibits high values of per capita water availability and meteorological variation. This study will be useful in understanding the impacts of climate change on the water availability of the river basin and may help in overall water management in the present and the future.
Social Indicators Research, 2017
The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using ... more The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using an alternate non-compensatory composite index denoted as Mazziotta-Pareto Index (MPI). The study identifies the critical districts of the Rajasthan state, which is the largest state of India with lots of diversity. The index facilitates linear aggregation and introduces penalties for unbalance values in the index in both positive as well as negative phenomena. Region specific dimension and indicators selected for the study highlights the socioeconomic status, infrastructure, health care facilities, literacy and employment conditions in different districts. MPI results in the form of rankings, cluster maps and radial charts, classify all the districts in five ranks according to the combined performance in both the phenomena. The results highlights that districts Pratapgarh, Dungarpur, Banswara, Dhaulpur and Jaisalmer situated in south, northeast and west border of the state are falling in the category of low development and high poverty conditions, whereas districts Jaipur (capital of state) and Kota from south eastern region are the best performing districts of the state with high development and low poverty conditions. Further, important factors for each class are highlighted from indicator and sub-indices radial charts. Overall, the present research generates a case study results for preliminary application of an alternate index MPI in district level vulnerability mapping to strengthen the decentralized approach in policy reforms. The further detail study is suggested to bring out area specific policy interventions to overcome spatial disparities in the state.
Hydrology, 2015
Geographical Information System techniques have been used for the identification of geomorphologi... more Geographical Information System techniques have been used for the identification of geomorphological features and analyzing the properties of the Banas River basin area in Rajasthan state, India. The Banas basin has covered an area of 51,779 km 2. For this study, the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is used for evaluation of morphometric components like linear, areal and relief aspects with the help of ArcGIS software. Morphometric analysis of river basin was performed by determining the parameters like drainage area; gradient, relief; linear and aerial aspects. Watershed boundary, flow direction, flow accumulation, flow length, stream ordering have been prepared using hydrological tool and slope-aspect have been prepared using surface tool in ArcGIS. These results may be used in basin management development and hydrological studies.
Issue 1, 2014
Rainfall indices and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were obtained for Rajasthan State cha... more Rainfall indices and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were obtained for Rajasthan State characterized as the most sensitive and vulnerable state in India. Daily rainfall data of 35 years (1971-2005) for 31 well-spread stations were used to generate critical area maps. From the analysis of rainfall indices, it is observed that few stations situated in east and south-eastern side in the state have shown high negative change for annual and monthly rainfall but not such negative change is observed in the case of average number of wet days for the same stations. Similarly from SPI drought analysis both short term and long term, higher tendency of mild droughts is observed than moderate and severe droughts with a noticeable increase in occurrence of severe droughts on longer time scales. The study describes importance of SPI and rainfall indices in understanding the climate change impacts and droughts to provide better assessment and management aspects for the society.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Sep 1, 2018
Watershed management is very crucial for arid and semi-arid regions dealing with limited availabi... more Watershed management is very crucial for arid and semi-arid regions dealing with limited availability of water resource. Morphometric assessment and prioritization studies provide basic criterion for effective local level watershed planning and natural resource management. The present study is an attempt to analyze morphometric characters of the Khari River basin and prioritize the sub-watersheds on the basis of ground water potentialities indicated by morphometric parameters using GIS approach. Khari River is semi-arid ephemeral; it is a tributary of Banas River, an important river of central Rajasthan (India). The basin has been subdivided in five sub-watersheds namely SW1 to SW5. Linear, areal, and relief parameters are calculated for Khari basin as well as for each sub-watershed. Morphometric parameters that are related to groundwater potentialities are ranked and compound factor values are calculated for each sub-watershed and priority is allotted based on these values. First priority is given to the least value of compound factor that indicate most deficit ground water condition. Overall results illustrate that Khari is a sixth-order stream and covers 6205 km 2 area. Dendritic pattern is observed in Khari and in all the five sub-watersheds that indicate homogenous nature of underlain material and less structural control in the topography. Presence of low bifurcation ratio, low drainage density, and low drainage frequency values are favorable parameters of good permeability, infiltration in the basin, further gentle slope, coarse drainage texture, moderate to low relief, and elongated shape-all these parameters indicate good groundwater potentialities in major portions of the basin. Prioritization results show that the sub-watershed SW4 is at first priority with most deficit groundwater potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds and require water conservation measures. Subwatershed SW4 has high values in linear parameters and low value in shape parameters that specify for poor groundwater potential, less permeability and high runoff, etc. Sub-watershed SW5 on contrary has indicated highest ground water potential in comparison to other sub-watersheds of the basin. The study provide local drainage morphometric information and preliminary prioritization for better water resource management in semi-arid region to achieve water self-sufficiency and sustainability at basin level.
Social Indicators Research, Sep 15, 2017
The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using ... more The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using an alternate non-compensatory composite index denoted as Mazziotta-Pareto Index (MPI). The study identifies the critical districts of the Rajasthan state, which is the largest state of India with lots of diversity. The index facilitates linear aggregation and introduces penalties for unbalance values in the index in both positive as well as negative phenomena. Region specific dimension and indicators selected for the study highlights the socioeconomic status, infrastructure, health care facilities, literacy and employment conditions in different districts. MPI results in the form of rankings, cluster maps and radial charts, classify all the districts in five ranks according to the combined performance in both the phenomena. The results highlights that districts Pratapgarh, Dungarpur, Banswara, Dhaulpur and Jaisalmer situated in south, northeast and west border of the state are falling in the category of low development and high poverty conditions, whereas districts Jaipur (capital of state) and Kota from south eastern region are the best performing districts of the state with high development and low poverty conditions. Further, important factors for each class are highlighted from indicator and sub-indices radial charts. Overall, the present research generates a case study results for preliminary application of an alternate index MPI in district level vulnerability mapping to strengthen the decentralized approach in policy reforms. The further detail study is suggested to bring out area specific policy interventions to overcome spatial disparities in the state.
Ecological Engineering, 2020
This study analyses the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Banas River Basin, wh... more This study analyses the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Banas River Basin, which is located in a semi-arid part of the state of Rajasthan in India. A bias-corrected ensemble mean of three CORDEX-SA driving GCM experiments (CNRM-CM5, CCSM4, and MPI-ESM-LR) was used with the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to predict water yield and evapotranspiration for three future periods (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2099) under two representative concentration pathway scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), and the results were compared with the data of a historical period (1979-2008). The SUFI-2 method was used for the calibration and validation of the SWAT model. The model was calibrated for the period of five years (1982-1986) and validated for the next five years (1987-1991). The values of R 2 , NSE, bR 2 , PBIAS, and RSR were, respectively, 0.78, 0.77, 0.61, 47.4 and 0.48 during the calibration period, and 0.71, 0.65, 0.60, 72.1 and 0.59 during the validation period. Trend analysis was also performed for annual future predicted flows using the Sen Slope method. From the results, it can be predicted that precipitation, evapotranspiration, and water yield will increase in all the three future periods under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Water availability in the future in the basin (zone wise) was identified using appropriate indicators. Per-capita water availability and meteorological variation were used to calculate future water availability and, considering these indicators, it can be concluded that zone 3 will better than the other zones. Zone 3 exhibits high values of per capita water availability and meteorological variation. This study will be useful in understanding the impacts of climate change on the water availability of the river basin and may help in overall water management in the present and the future.
Social Indicators Research, 2017
The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using ... more The present study is an attempt to measure diverse perspectives of development and poverty using an alternate non-compensatory composite index denoted as Mazziotta-Pareto Index (MPI). The study identifies the critical districts of the Rajasthan state, which is the largest state of India with lots of diversity. The index facilitates linear aggregation and introduces penalties for unbalance values in the index in both positive as well as negative phenomena. Region specific dimension and indicators selected for the study highlights the socioeconomic status, infrastructure, health care facilities, literacy and employment conditions in different districts. MPI results in the form of rankings, cluster maps and radial charts, classify all the districts in five ranks according to the combined performance in both the phenomena. The results highlights that districts Pratapgarh, Dungarpur, Banswara, Dhaulpur and Jaisalmer situated in south, northeast and west border of the state are falling in the category of low development and high poverty conditions, whereas districts Jaipur (capital of state) and Kota from south eastern region are the best performing districts of the state with high development and low poverty conditions. Further, important factors for each class are highlighted from indicator and sub-indices radial charts. Overall, the present research generates a case study results for preliminary application of an alternate index MPI in district level vulnerability mapping to strengthen the decentralized approach in policy reforms. The further detail study is suggested to bring out area specific policy interventions to overcome spatial disparities in the state.
Hydrology, 2015
Geographical Information System techniques have been used for the identification of geomorphologi... more Geographical Information System techniques have been used for the identification of geomorphological features and analyzing the properties of the Banas River basin area in Rajasthan state, India. The Banas basin has covered an area of 51,779 km 2. For this study, the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is used for evaluation of morphometric components like linear, areal and relief aspects with the help of ArcGIS software. Morphometric analysis of river basin was performed by determining the parameters like drainage area; gradient, relief; linear and aerial aspects. Watershed boundary, flow direction, flow accumulation, flow length, stream ordering have been prepared using hydrological tool and slope-aspect have been prepared using surface tool in ArcGIS. These results may be used in basin management development and hydrological studies.