Dr. Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Dr. Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani
Nutraceutical and Functional Foods in Disease Prevention
Nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted considerable interest recently because of thei... more Nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted considerable interest recently because of their well-known safety and potential nutritional and therapeutic effects. Nutraceuticals include food supplements, dietary supplements, value-added processed foods, as well as non-food supplements such as tablets, soft gels, and capsules etc. which are packed with bioactive components. Life expectancy continues to rise and along with a rise in the lifestyle diseases (i.e., obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders). Functional foods and nutraceuticals constitute a great promise to improve health, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging-related chronic diseases. A collective effort by the academia, industry, government, and research organization must keep on promoting nutraceutical and functional food to contain the menace of lifestyle diseases.
Current Traditional Medicine, 2020
Background: Human Swine flu is a viral disease caused by Influenza A virus, an orthomyxovirus, co... more Background: Human Swine flu is a viral disease caused by Influenza A virus, an orthomyxovirus, contains the glycoprotein neuraminidase described as H1N2. Neuraminidase, a glycoside hydrolase enzyme assist in budding from the host cells. The medicines available for the treatment of swine flu are Oseltamivir and Zanamivir acting against glycoproteins, mainly haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Ayurvedic medicinal system described many herbs which acts as antiviral and among that Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin, Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol have been selected based on their potential antiviral properties. Objective: This study aims to provide the interaction between Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin, Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol (herbal molecules) against influenza A virus by targeting Neuraminidase. Methods: The selected protein target (1NN2.pdb) of swine flu (neuraminidase) was downloaded from Protein Data Bank with resolution 2.2 A0. The ligands (Curcumin, Cyclocur...
Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity, 2017
Abstract The composition of the diet, specifically carbohydrates, protein, and lipids, has been i... more Abstract The composition of the diet, specifically carbohydrates, protein, and lipids, has been in medicine since antiquity for the purposes of quick recovery and the digestive system. The consumption of these nutrients for energy is driven by both physiological and psychological needs. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein are required each day to provide energy, growth, maintenance, and the repair of body tissues. Carbohydrates and fat are major sources of energy in the diet; however protein is necessary for all kinds of biological processes and hence has the smallest role for direct energy purposes. Energy used by the body is described in terms of the metabolic rate underlying passive and active conditions which are further correlated to body weight. Energy metabolism and the role of carbohydrates, lipids, and protein in foods are areas of emerging research with a therapeutic approach against obesity and related biological disorders. This chapter provides an overview of the role of protein, carbohydrates, and fats in energy metabolism, weight loss, and their dietary composition regarding weight loss and weight maintenance in various progressive diseases.
Computer-Aided Drug Design
Copyright © 2013 Mahejabeen Fatima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Cr... more Copyright © 2013 Mahejabeen Fatima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of black tea theaflavins has been shown in many epidemiological studies. In the present work we report the protective mechanism of tea theaflavins on biomarkers of oxidative stress, which are elevated during stress conditions. We hereby report the in vitro effect of theaflavins on erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), and plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) of rats. The effect of theaflavin on PMRS has also been validated through an in silico docking simulation study using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). We report that theaflavins show significant protection to erythrocyte against oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). The fin...
Gerontological studies have revealed molecular pathways involved in the aging process. The wish t... more Gerontological studies have revealed molecular pathways involved in the aging process. The wish to extend the human life span has a long tradition in many cultures. There is a role for mechanistic target of rapamycin/mammalian target of rapamycin, mitochondrial biogenesis, reactive oxygen species production, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in prolonging or reducing the life span of an organism. There is delicate balance of adenosine monophosphate/5′-adenylic acid (AMP), adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and calcium ion in the cellular mechanism. AMPK is the sensor and most important regulator of metabolic homeostasis. The broad-spectrum activity of AMPK in the cell metabolism makes it an important target for drug discovery. It is involved in most reactions producing energy under stressful conditions. This chapter describes AMPK involvement in a healthy life and the disease pathogenesis that affects quality of life.
Bioinformatics, 2022
Abstract At present there is tremendous growth in biological data, which is primarily due to deve... more Abstract At present there is tremendous growth in biological data, which is primarily due to developments in genomics, proteomics, DNA microarrays, biomedical imaging, biomolecular interactions, and digital records of patients. These data are rapidly increasing but the tools and techniques to generate the information from this data pool are limited. In this age of information technology, data mining techniques are being used for extracting results from the large biological data in the form of bioinformatics, which is the science of storing, analyzing, and utilizing information from biological data. Using data mining techniques and models, automatic discovery of novel patterns is possible from a large amount of biological data, and it has shifted the focus of the researchers toward data-intensive discovery. This chapter covers the basics of data mining techniques and their application in genomics, proteomics, medical, and health analysis.
Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 2021
Herbal medications have restorative potential, which can be given through different advantageous ... more Herbal medications have restorative potential, which can be given through different advantageous medication conveyance frameworks. Utilizing the bioactive and plant extricates, the assortment of novel natural details like polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, phytosomes, nanoemulsions, microsphere, transfersomes, and ethosomes are accounted for. The chapter features the novel methodologies of natural detailing and condenses their strategy for planning and use of novel home-grown definition to accomplish better helpful reaction.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2019
Tropical diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis, account for ... more Tropical diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis, account for a large number of deaths annually. Herbs are an excellent source of tropical medicines. Many advancements and discoveries have taken place in the field of drug discovery but still, a major population of tropical diseases relies on herbal traditional medicine. There are some challenges related to policy implementation, efficacy, resistance and toxicity of tropical medicines. There are many tropical diseases such as such as schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, African sleeping sickness, filariasis and chagas disease which are neglected because very few pharmaceutical companies have shown their interest in developing therapeutics against these diseases of poor people. There are many benefits associated with herbal medicine such as the cost of production, patient tolerance, large scale availability, efficacy, safety, potency, recyclability, and environment friendly. A large number of natural extracts such as curcumin, artemisinin, morphine, reserpine, and hypericin, are in use for treatment of different tropical diseases for a long time. The current review is to discuss the overview of tropical medicinal herbs, its scope and limitations in the modern drug discovery process.
Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, 2019
![Research paper thumbnail of An efficient one-pot expeditious synthesis of 3-phenyl-1-(6-phenyl-7H-[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-b] [1,3,4] thiadiazin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amines via multicomponent approach](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/86295332/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Synthetic Communications, 2018
Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, 2018
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 2016
Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity, 2017
Plants and their extracts have been used as medicine against various diseases since ancient times... more Plants and their extracts have been used as medicine against various diseases since ancient times. Antioxidant and vitamins are dispensable bioactive compounds present in plants and their products have been documented to possess several biological activities and are implicated as therapeutic agents against several chronic human diseases. Antioxidants and vitamins are emerging as effective agents against many chronic and progressive human diseases of aging by reducing oxidative stress and simultaneously suppressing free radicals and the formation of reactive oxygen species in various metabolic reactions at the cellular level. Antioxidants are broadly categorized as endogenous and exogenous. Endogenous antioxidants are developed by the biological systems itself and include antioxidant enzymes and molecules such as glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, GSH, and albumin. Exogenous antioxidants are generally dietary antioxidants that include vitamin C, tocopherols, flavonoids, carotenoids, lipoic acid, and selenium. Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants function synergistically to neutralize oxidative stress and recycle endogenous antioxidants. Exogenous antioxidants may be vitamins or dietary polyphenols representing radical scavenging activity. Induction of oxidants at the cellular level reduces the metabolic efficiency of cells and hence cellular function. This chapter provides an overview of the role of the chemistry of antioxidants and vitamins and their biological effects, and an update of their mechanism(s) of action at a cellular level.
Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products, 2017
Nutraceuticals are a unique product category with various synonyms that are used internationally.... more Nutraceuticals are a unique product category with various synonyms that are used internationally. Nutraceuticals create an open environment for new products that promise novel solutions to health-related issues. Nutraceuticals will play an important role in future therapeutic developments. Medicinal plant research should be focused on to produce useful healthcare products (phytomedicines/nutraceuticals/food supplements/conventional drugs) from medicinal and food plants for human welfare. Nutrients in the form of small solids or droplets improve bioavailability. However, there remain numerous barriers to successful implementation of cost-effective manufacturing processes. These challenges are addressed in the work presented here with particular focus on stability, bioavailability, and consumer acceptance. In this chapter we discuss nutraceutical formulations and challenges and stability and safety evaluation in brief.
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Technology
Healthy nutrition is important for human beings for good health provided by global industry. Nutr... more Healthy nutrition is important for human beings for good health provided by global industry. Nutraceutical and functional food provide a prospect to reduce health care costs and improve the human health. Researchers carried out plenty of work for the preparation of nutraceutical and functional food product. This article also focused on recent advances on the nutraceutical and functional foods product on health benefits and their application in prevention of disease. Here we discussed about the health benefit of recently introduced nutraceutical and functional food products. With the modernised, competitive lifestyle and ever increasing stressful conditions this product is the need of the day.
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Technology
In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's du... more In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's due to lacking the target specificity, the present scenario about drug delivery is emphasizing towards targeted drug delivery systems. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells travel thousands of miles from wide to narrow pathways to deliver oxygen, drugs and nutrient during their lifetime. Red blood cells have strong and targeted potential carrier capabilities for varieties of drugs. Drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes or resealed erythrocytes are promising for various passive and active targeting. Resealed erythrocyte have advantage over several drug carrier models like biocompatibility, biodegradability without toxic products, inert intracellular environment, entrapping potential for a variety of chemicals, protection of the organism against toxic effects of the drug, able to circulate throughout the body, ideal zero-order drug-release kinetics, no undesired immune response against encapsulated drug etc. Resealed erythrocytes are rapidly taken up by macrophages of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) of the liver, lung, and spleen of the body and hence drugs also. Resealed erythrocytes method of drugs delivery is secure and effective for drugs targeting specially for a longer period of time. This chapter will explain the different method of drug loading for resealed erythrocytes, their characterization, and applications in various therapies and associated health benefits.
Novel Approaches for Drug Delivery
Biosimilars are a new class of drugs, which are derived from live organism through the recombinan... more Biosimilars are a new class of drugs, which are derived from live organism through the recombinant DNA technology. These are recently introduced in the pharmaceutical field for the preparation of drug to prevent or control the diseases. Patients with diabetes and renal failure may already be receiving biosimilar epoetin and may receive same insulin in coming years. The main aim of present article is to introduce the fundamentals of biologics and to explain how they are different and what these differences mean for pharmacists.
Nutraceutical and Functional Foods in Disease Prevention
Nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted considerable interest recently because of thei... more Nutraceuticals and functional foods have attracted considerable interest recently because of their well-known safety and potential nutritional and therapeutic effects. Nutraceuticals include food supplements, dietary supplements, value-added processed foods, as well as non-food supplements such as tablets, soft gels, and capsules etc. which are packed with bioactive components. Life expectancy continues to rise and along with a rise in the lifestyle diseases (i.e., obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders). Functional foods and nutraceuticals constitute a great promise to improve health, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging-related chronic diseases. A collective effort by the academia, industry, government, and research organization must keep on promoting nutraceutical and functional food to contain the menace of lifestyle diseases.
Current Traditional Medicine, 2020
Background: Human Swine flu is a viral disease caused by Influenza A virus, an orthomyxovirus, co... more Background: Human Swine flu is a viral disease caused by Influenza A virus, an orthomyxovirus, contains the glycoprotein neuraminidase described as H1N2. Neuraminidase, a glycoside hydrolase enzyme assist in budding from the host cells. The medicines available for the treatment of swine flu are Oseltamivir and Zanamivir acting against glycoproteins, mainly haemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Ayurvedic medicinal system described many herbs which acts as antiviral and among that Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin, Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol have been selected based on their potential antiviral properties. Objective: This study aims to provide the interaction between Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin, Ascorbic Acid and Eugenol (herbal molecules) against influenza A virus by targeting Neuraminidase. Methods: The selected protein target (1NN2.pdb) of swine flu (neuraminidase) was downloaded from Protein Data Bank with resolution 2.2 A0. The ligands (Curcumin, Cyclocur...
Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity, 2017
Abstract The composition of the diet, specifically carbohydrates, protein, and lipids, has been i... more Abstract The composition of the diet, specifically carbohydrates, protein, and lipids, has been in medicine since antiquity for the purposes of quick recovery and the digestive system. The consumption of these nutrients for energy is driven by both physiological and psychological needs. Carbohydrates, fat, and protein are required each day to provide energy, growth, maintenance, and the repair of body tissues. Carbohydrates and fat are major sources of energy in the diet; however protein is necessary for all kinds of biological processes and hence has the smallest role for direct energy purposes. Energy used by the body is described in terms of the metabolic rate underlying passive and active conditions which are further correlated to body weight. Energy metabolism and the role of carbohydrates, lipids, and protein in foods are areas of emerging research with a therapeutic approach against obesity and related biological disorders. This chapter provides an overview of the role of protein, carbohydrates, and fats in energy metabolism, weight loss, and their dietary composition regarding weight loss and weight maintenance in various progressive diseases.
Computer-Aided Drug Design
Copyright © 2013 Mahejabeen Fatima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Cr... more Copyright © 2013 Mahejabeen Fatima et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect of black tea theaflavins has been shown in many epidemiological studies. In the present work we report the protective mechanism of tea theaflavins on biomarkers of oxidative stress, which are elevated during stress conditions. We hereby report the in vitro effect of theaflavins on erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA), intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), and plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) of rats. The effect of theaflavin on PMRS has also been validated through an in silico docking simulation study using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). We report that theaflavins show significant protection to erythrocyte against oxidative stress induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). The fin...
Gerontological studies have revealed molecular pathways involved in the aging process. The wish t... more Gerontological studies have revealed molecular pathways involved in the aging process. The wish to extend the human life span has a long tradition in many cultures. There is a role for mechanistic target of rapamycin/mammalian target of rapamycin, mitochondrial biogenesis, reactive oxygen species production, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in prolonging or reducing the life span of an organism. There is delicate balance of adenosine monophosphate/5′-adenylic acid (AMP), adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and calcium ion in the cellular mechanism. AMPK is the sensor and most important regulator of metabolic homeostasis. The broad-spectrum activity of AMPK in the cell metabolism makes it an important target for drug discovery. It is involved in most reactions producing energy under stressful conditions. This chapter describes AMPK involvement in a healthy life and the disease pathogenesis that affects quality of life.
Bioinformatics, 2022
Abstract At present there is tremendous growth in biological data, which is primarily due to deve... more Abstract At present there is tremendous growth in biological data, which is primarily due to developments in genomics, proteomics, DNA microarrays, biomedical imaging, biomolecular interactions, and digital records of patients. These data are rapidly increasing but the tools and techniques to generate the information from this data pool are limited. In this age of information technology, data mining techniques are being used for extracting results from the large biological data in the form of bioinformatics, which is the science of storing, analyzing, and utilizing information from biological data. Using data mining techniques and models, automatic discovery of novel patterns is possible from a large amount of biological data, and it has shifted the focus of the researchers toward data-intensive discovery. This chapter covers the basics of data mining techniques and their application in genomics, proteomics, medical, and health analysis.
Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 2021
Herbal medications have restorative potential, which can be given through different advantageous ... more Herbal medications have restorative potential, which can be given through different advantageous medication conveyance frameworks. Utilizing the bioactive and plant extricates, the assortment of novel natural details like polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, phytosomes, nanoemulsions, microsphere, transfersomes, and ethosomes are accounted for. The chapter features the novel methodologies of natural detailing and condenses their strategy for planning and use of novel home-grown definition to accomplish better helpful reaction.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2019
Tropical diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis, account for ... more Tropical diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, and leishmaniasis, account for a large number of deaths annually. Herbs are an excellent source of tropical medicines. Many advancements and discoveries have taken place in the field of drug discovery but still, a major population of tropical diseases relies on herbal traditional medicine. There are some challenges related to policy implementation, efficacy, resistance and toxicity of tropical medicines. There are many tropical diseases such as such as schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, African sleeping sickness, filariasis and chagas disease which are neglected because very few pharmaceutical companies have shown their interest in developing therapeutics against these diseases of poor people. There are many benefits associated with herbal medicine such as the cost of production, patient tolerance, large scale availability, efficacy, safety, potency, recyclability, and environment friendly. A large number of natural extracts such as curcumin, artemisinin, morphine, reserpine, and hypericin, are in use for treatment of different tropical diseases for a long time. The current review is to discuss the overview of tropical medicinal herbs, its scope and limitations in the modern drug discovery process.
Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, 2019
Synthetic Communications, 2018
Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, 2018
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery, 2016
Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity, 2017
Plants and their extracts have been used as medicine against various diseases since ancient times... more Plants and their extracts have been used as medicine against various diseases since ancient times. Antioxidant and vitamins are dispensable bioactive compounds present in plants and their products have been documented to possess several biological activities and are implicated as therapeutic agents against several chronic human diseases. Antioxidants and vitamins are emerging as effective agents against many chronic and progressive human diseases of aging by reducing oxidative stress and simultaneously suppressing free radicals and the formation of reactive oxygen species in various metabolic reactions at the cellular level. Antioxidants are broadly categorized as endogenous and exogenous. Endogenous antioxidants are developed by the biological systems itself and include antioxidant enzymes and molecules such as glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, GSH, and albumin. Exogenous antioxidants are generally dietary antioxidants that include vitamin C, tocopherols, flavonoids, carotenoids, lipoic acid, and selenium. Endogenous and exogenous antioxidants function synergistically to neutralize oxidative stress and recycle endogenous antioxidants. Exogenous antioxidants may be vitamins or dietary polyphenols representing radical scavenging activity. Induction of oxidants at the cellular level reduces the metabolic efficiency of cells and hence cellular function. This chapter provides an overview of the role of the chemistry of antioxidants and vitamins and their biological effects, and an update of their mechanism(s) of action at a cellular level.
Developing New Functional Food and Nutraceutical Products, 2017
Nutraceuticals are a unique product category with various synonyms that are used internationally.... more Nutraceuticals are a unique product category with various synonyms that are used internationally. Nutraceuticals create an open environment for new products that promise novel solutions to health-related issues. Nutraceuticals will play an important role in future therapeutic developments. Medicinal plant research should be focused on to produce useful healthcare products (phytomedicines/nutraceuticals/food supplements/conventional drugs) from medicinal and food plants for human welfare. Nutrients in the form of small solids or droplets improve bioavailability. However, there remain numerous barriers to successful implementation of cost-effective manufacturing processes. These challenges are addressed in the work presented here with particular focus on stability, bioavailability, and consumer acceptance. In this chapter we discuss nutraceutical formulations and challenges and stability and safety evaluation in brief.
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Technology
Healthy nutrition is important for human beings for good health provided by global industry. Nutr... more Healthy nutrition is important for human beings for good health provided by global industry. Nutraceutical and functional food provide a prospect to reduce health care costs and improve the human health. Researchers carried out plenty of work for the preparation of nutraceutical and functional food product. This article also focused on recent advances on the nutraceutical and functional foods product on health benefits and their application in prevention of disease. Here we discussed about the health benefit of recently introduced nutraceutical and functional food products. With the modernised, competitive lifestyle and ever increasing stressful conditions this product is the need of the day.
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Technology
In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's du... more In this pharma innovative world, there are more than 30 drug delivery systems. Today's due to lacking the target specificity, the present scenario about drug delivery is emphasizing towards targeted drug delivery systems. Erythrocytes are the most common type of blood cells travel thousands of miles from wide to narrow pathways to deliver oxygen, drugs and nutrient during their lifetime. Red blood cells have strong and targeted potential carrier capabilities for varieties of drugs. Drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes or resealed erythrocytes are promising for various passive and active targeting. Resealed erythrocyte have advantage over several drug carrier models like biocompatibility, biodegradability without toxic products, inert intracellular environment, entrapping potential for a variety of chemicals, protection of the organism against toxic effects of the drug, able to circulate throughout the body, ideal zero-order drug-release kinetics, no undesired immune response against encapsulated drug etc. Resealed erythrocytes are rapidly taken up by macrophages of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) of the liver, lung, and spleen of the body and hence drugs also. Resealed erythrocytes method of drugs delivery is secure and effective for drugs targeting specially for a longer period of time. This chapter will explain the different method of drug loading for resealed erythrocytes, their characterization, and applications in various therapies and associated health benefits.
Novel Approaches for Drug Delivery
Biosimilars are a new class of drugs, which are derived from live organism through the recombinan... more Biosimilars are a new class of drugs, which are derived from live organism through the recombinant DNA technology. These are recently introduced in the pharmaceutical field for the preparation of drug to prevent or control the diseases. Patients with diabetes and renal failure may already be receiving biosimilar epoetin and may receive same insulin in coming years. The main aim of present article is to introduce the fundamentals of biologics and to explain how they are different and what these differences mean for pharmacists.