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Papers by Dr. Rishabh Rajput

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Feb 10, 2021

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are perhaps the most regular issues in hospitalized patients. Gram... more Urinary tract infections (UTI) are perhaps the most regular issues in hospitalized patients. Gram negative bacteria which produces Biofilm and Extended-range ß-lactamases (ESBL) have become the serious issue in the medical clinics across the globe. Increase in biofilm & ESBL forming organisms in recent years has led to the limitation of treatment option. This study was done to evaluate the Biofilm production in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and its association with ESBL, its antibiogram and Multi-drug resistance (MDR) status in hospitalized patients. 885 urine samples (non-repetitive) were collected in the study. A total of 106 (11.98%) UPEC strains were isolated. Females were found to be more infected as compare to males. The most affected age group was >46 years. 73.58% of the UPEC isolates were Biofilm producer (BFP). MDR was found in 84.91% strains (Biofilm +VE: 97.44 %; Biofilm-VE" 50.0%). Tissue culture plate (TCP) method was most sensitive test method for the detection of biofilms. The most sensitive drug in BFP's were Imipenem (82.0%), Ertapenem (81.0%), Nitrofurantoin (72.0%) and Amikacin (69.0%) and Nitrofurantoin, Imipenem (100.0% each), Amikacin (96.0%) and Ertapenem, Piperacillin/Tazobactam (93.0% each) in Biofilm non producers. The ability of biofilm production was found significantly higher in ESBL positive UPEC strains. An association was found between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the UTIs caused by BFP's E.coli may promote the colonization and increased the incidence rate of UTIs. It was found that biofilm makes the organism more resistant to the antibiotics and virulent as compare to non-biofilm producers (NBFP's). The UPEC employ their biofilm forming abilities to invade and successfully occupy tissues in the urogenital tract.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Feb 10, 2018

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most frequent problems in hospitalized patients. In... more Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most frequent problems in hospitalized patients. Infections caused by the gram-negative bacteria which produces Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) have become the severe problem in the hospitals across the globe. Increase in extended-spectrum betalactamase producing organisms in recent years has led to the limitation of treatment option. This study was designed to evaluate the occurrence of different uropathogens producing ESBL, its antibiogram and Multi-drug resistance (MDR) status in hospitalized patients. 885 non-repetitive urine samples were collected in the study. A total of 293 (33.11%) samples showed significant bacteriuria. Females were found to be more infected as compared to males. The senior citizens were found to be most affected (>60 years). The most common ESBL producing uropathogens were Escherichia coli (E. coli) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). All the ESBL positive isolates were found to be MDR. The prevalence of MDR was also significantly increased due to ESBL production. The monitoring of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility of bacterial strains should be mandatory due to the higher frequency of the ESBL producing uropathogens found in the hospitalized patients. It was proved in this study that the multi-drug resistance was responsible for the significant treatment failure. Hence testing of ESBL production in the uropathogens is warranted. It is also suggested not to prescribe any antibiotics without undertaking the culture and sensitivity report as it may further erode the antibiotics sensitivity in the studied regional population.

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2016