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Papers by Dr Zahid Ali Khan

Journal of Health Science and Medical Research

Objective: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly peopl... more Objective: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly people in rural Haryana, India and determine its association with smoking, alcohol consumption and impairments. Material and Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study carried out among 575 elderly people aged 60 years and above in the rural field practice area of a medical college in the Haryana state of India. Cognitive impairment was evaluated by the Mini-Cog test. To determine factors associated with cognitive impairment, unadjusted odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were obtained and binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to calculate adjusted odds ratios. Results: Cognitive impairment was found in 4.5% of the elderly subjects. Those aged 75 years and more, currently not married, illiterate, elderly living alone, current smokers, currently consuming alcohol and elderly with visual, hearing or activities of daily living (ADL) impairments had significant...

Indian Journal of Community Health

Background: Nutritional anaemia is the most common nutritional problem worldwide. Underweight and... more Background: Nutritional anaemia is the most common nutritional problem worldwide. Underweight and anaemia are associated and together constitute a serious problem in developing countries like India. Aim & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of anaemia among medical students and determine its association with their body mass index (BMI). Material & Methods: Hemoglobin estimation was done in 140 MBBS students and anaemia status was determined by WHO criteria for anaemia. BMI was calculated and interpreted using cutoffs for Asian Indian population. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square distribution and Binary logistic regression. Results: Overall prevalence of anaemia in students was 55.7% and 78.6% females compared to only 32.9% males were anaemic (p<0.001). Gender was associated with both the severity of anaemia (p=0.028) and BMI (p=0.036). Prevalence of anaemia was significantly (p=0.007) higher in underweight students (88.9%) compared to normal (54.2%) and overweight/ob...

Journal of Health and Social Sciences, 2018

Introduction: Despite advances in technology, in India workers of stone processing industry conti... more Introduction: Despite advances in technology, in India workers of stone processing industry continue to be at high risk for lung function deterioration. This study was designed to analyse the effect of duration of exposure, job profile and smoking on lung function of stone quarry workers from Jammu city, Jammu and Kashmir State, India. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 male stone crusher workers, selected through multi-stage random sampling technique. Effect of risk factors on the pulmonary function tests of the workers was analysed by 'Students independent t-test', one-way ANOVA and simple linear regression. The significance threshold was set up at P < 0.05. Results: We observed a significant reduction in lung function in subjects having duration of exposure above 10 years (Group III) with respect of stone crushers with duration of exposure up to 5 years (Group I) and 6 to 10 years of exposure (Group II). Lung function tests revealed a statistica...

Indian Journal of Mental Health, 2022

Background: The study aimed to compare the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health ca... more Background: The study aimed to compare the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health care professionals (HCPs). Methodology: It was a cross sectional study carried out on health care professionals (doctors, nursing staff and paramedical HCPs) in India. Depression, generalized anxiety, panic symptoms, hypochondriacal and obsessional symptoms were assessed through questions based on ICD-10 criteria. A pre tested google questionnaire was prepared and its link was sent through various social media. Results: A total of 626 HCPs (385 doctors, 124 nursing staff, 117 Paramedical HCPs) were included in the study. Depression, generalized anxiety, panic symptoms, hypochondriacal symptoms and obsessional symptoms were found in 13.3%, 21.2% 5.1%, 16.5% and 32.6% of the HCPs respectively. Depression, generalized anxiety and panic symptoms were found to be significantly higher in the HCPs of COVID health care facilities (p0.009; p<0.001; p0.035 respectively). Female HCP was associated with depression [OR 2.34 (1.38-3.96); p-0.002] and panic symptoms [OR 3.43 (1.46-8.07); p-0.005]. Generalized anxiety was more common in HCPs working in COVID health care facilities [1.91 (1.20-3.03); p-0.006]. Conclusion: The study concludes that being a female health care professional, doctors and those working in COVID health care facilities were at a higher risk of having poor psychological health.

International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016

Background: Anemia is the most common disorder of the blood, affecting a quarter of the world’s p... more Background: Anemia is the most common disorder of the blood, affecting a quarter of the world’s population globally. WHO defines anemia as hemoglobin level (HB)

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2018

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2019

Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2017

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2017

Background: Field workers from the community are the key persons for spreading the knowledge abou... more Background: Field workers from the community are the key persons for spreading the knowledge about breastfeeding and infant and young child feeding practices among people. Antenatal counseling on breastfeeding and postnatal lactation support are likely to improve rates of exclusive breastfeeding. Objective: The present study was designed with the aim to examine the knowledge and skills of the anganwadi workers (AWWs), with respect to a few key elements of the services provided by them, in an urban city Patiala. Materials and Methods: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out among the AWWs of urban Patiala in October-November 2012. 197 AWWs voluntarily participated. After taking oral consent, AWWs were interviewed with a pretested, semistructured, self-administered questionnaire developed in a local language. The answers were compared with the desired responses. The collected data were compiled in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20. Results: In the present study, more than 80% of all the AWWs had correct knowledge regarding initiation of breastfeeding, prelacteal feed, colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding. However, there were still some serious gaps such as in frequency of breastfeeding, continuation of breastfeeding after starting a complementary feed and during illness, and the concept of bottle feeding. Conclusion: The existing antenatal advice by AWWs on Breastfeeding and optimal infant and young child feeding is inadequate and needs to be strengthened.

International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2016

Background: Obesity has turned into a worldwide epidemic. The alarming rise in overweight and obe... more Background: Obesity has turned into a worldwide epidemic. The alarming rise in overweight and obesity among the young people, which forms a key link to the rise of other noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and myocardial infarction, is the most important concern. Medical society is expected to have an ideal health. Objective: To assess the body mass index (BMI) of the medical undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine among 150 students; Data were collected using pretested questionnaire from 130 students after taking an informed consent. The height and weight of the students were measured, and the BMI was calculated. Result: Among the 130 students, the mean + SD height of the students was 1.67 + 0.09 m, while the mean weight was 66.61 + SD 12.71 kg and the mean BMI 23.54 + SD 3.09 kg/m 2. Normal BMI was observed in 73.1% students, while 22.3% students were overweight, 3.1% obese, and only, 1.5% underweight. Overweight and obesity were significantly more in male than female students. Conclusion: The study gives an idea about the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in the medical students. Our study reinforces the need for creating wakefulness among this population about the positive effects of normal nutritional status.

BackgroundPrevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection provides essential informatio... more BackgroundPrevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection provides essential information for deciding disease prevention and mitigation measures. We estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in District Srinagar.Methods2906 persons >18 years of age selected from hospital visitors across District Srinagar participated in the study. We tested samples for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay-based serologic test.ResultsAge- and gender-standardized seroprevalence was 3.6% (95% CI 2.9% to 4.3%). Age 30-69 years, a recent history of symptoms of an influenza-like-illness, and a history of being placed under quarantine were significantly related to higher odds of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies. The estimated number of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the two weeks preceding the study, adjusted for test performance, was 32602 with an estimated (median) infection-to-known-case...