E. Beattie - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by E. Beattie

International journal of geriatric psychiatry, Jan 30, 2015

This prospective longitudinal study aims to determine the risk factors of wandering-related adver... more This prospective longitudinal study aims to determine the risk factors of wandering-related adverse consequences in community-dwelling persons with mild dementia. These adverse consequences include negative outcomes of wandering (falls, fractures, and injuries) and eloping behavior. We recruited 143 dyads of persons with mild dementia and their caregivers from a veteran's hospital and memory clinic in Florida. Wandering-related adverse consequences were measured using the Revised Algase Wandering Scale - Community Version. Variables such as personality (Big Five Inventory), behavioral response to stress, gait, and balance (Tinetti Gait and Balance), wayfinding ability (Wayfinding Effectiveness Scale), and neurocognitive abilities (attention, cognition, memory, language/verbal skills, and executive functioning) were also measured. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the predictors of these wandering-related adverse consequences. A total of 49% of t...

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2014

To examine the clinical utility of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) in nursing... more To examine the clinical utility of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) in nursing homes. 14 nursing homes in Sydney and Brisbane, Australia. 92 residents with a mean age of 85 years. Consenting residents were assessed by care staff for depression using the CSDD as part of their routine assessment. Specialist clinicians conducted assessment of depression using the Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders for residents without dementia or the Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for Depression in Alzheimer Disease for residents with dementia to establish expert clinical diagnoses of depression. The diagnostic performance of the staff completed CSDD was analyzed against expert diagnosis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The CSDD showed low diagnostic accuracy, with areas under the ROC curve being 0.69, 0.68 and 0.70 for the total sample, residents with dementia and residents without dementia, respectively. At the standard CSDD cutoff score, the sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 59% for the total sample, 69% and 57% for residents with dementia, and 75% and 61% for residents without dementia. The Youden index (for optimizing cut-points) suggested different depression cutoff scores for residents with and without dementia. When administered by nursing home staff the clinical utility of the CSDD is highly questionable in identifying depression. The complexity of the scale, the time required for collecting relevant information, and staff skills and knowledge of assessing depression in older people must be considered when using the CSDD in nursing homes.

Canadian Journal of Communication, 1977

... &. member for Albert? (sic) told the Netionnl Neaspnper &;. Avmd dinner thqt they wer... more ... &. member for Albert? (sic) told the Netionnl Neaspnper &;. Avmd dinner thqt they were under-covering parliament. ~AW * + It jeopardize democrstic freedom. (Globe, April 25) Page 2. "CRACK 'EM IN THE PUSS" - NIXON CURE FOR PRESS ...

Canadian Journal of Communication, 1977

Science Signaling, 2000

In certain circumstances, internalized receptors are able to continue signaling after endocytosis... more In certain circumstances, internalized receptors are able to continue signaling after endocytosis. Whistler et al. discuss how the interaction of heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors with arrestins and their subsequent endocytosis may contribute to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. This perspective delves into the role that scaffolds may play in organizing and specifying downstream signaling events that occur after internalization of G protein-coupled receptors.

Journal of Hypertension, 2004

The novel antihypertensive agent, omapatrilat, is both an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase and ... more The novel antihypertensive agent, omapatrilat, is both an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme. This study investigated the effects of omapatrilat in comparison with an angiotensin I-receptor antagonist/diuretic combination on blood pressure, endothelial function and cardiac hypertrophy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Male and female SHRSP were treated orally with omapatrilat or irbesartan plus hydrochlorothiazide (I + H) or vehicle for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was measured weekly by tail-cuff. Cardiac hypertrophy was monitored by echocardiography at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age. Endothelial function [basal nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and stimulated NO release] was examined in carotid arteries using organ bath pharmacology and in mesenteric resistance arteries using wire myography. Compared with untreated controls, omapatrilat and I + H significantly attenuated hypertension [male control, 198.3 +/- 6.9 mmHg versus omapatrilat, 149.6 +/- 3.8 mmHg (F = 8.63 P < 0.0001), versus I + H, 145.6 +/- 5.1 mmHg (F = 7.38 P < 0.0001); female control, 170.3 +/-8.3 mmHg versus omapatrilat, 120.0 +/- 4.6 mmHg (F = 8.36, P < 0.0001), versus I + H, 112.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg (F = 9.08, P < 0.0001)] and left ventricular hypertrophy [male + female controls, 3.02 +/- 0.38 mg/g versus omapatrilat, 2.47 +/- 0.26 mg/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, 0.27, 0.83), versus I + H, 2.49 +/- 0.21 mg/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, 0.25, 0.83)]. Both treatments also significantly increased male carotid artery basal NO bioavailability relative to control [control, 0.62 +/- 0.17 g/g versus omapatrilat, 1.95 +/- 0.17 g/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, -1.83, -0.36), versus I + H, 1.57 +/- 0.21 g/g (P < 0.026; 95% confidence interval, -1.31, -0.12)]. However, stimulated NO (EC50) was only improved in omapatrilat-treated males [controls, 0.19 +/- 0.06 micromol/l versus omapatrilat, 0.05 +/- 0.01 micromol/l (P = 0.05; 95% confidence interval, -1.16, -0.03)]. Omapatrilat treatment significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and improved endothelial function in carotid arteries from male SHRSP by NO-dependent mechanisms. Despite equivalent antihypertensive and antihypertrophic actions, a similar improvement in endothelial function, specifically stimulated NO release, was not observed after treatment with I + H.

Hypertension, 2007

Data Supplement (unedited) at: http://hyper.ahajournals.org located on the World Wide Web at:

Hypertension, 2009

Mitochondria are a major site of reactive oxygen species production, which may contribute to the ... more Mitochondria are a major site of reactive oxygen species production, which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. Protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage should be an effective therapeutic strategy; however, conventional antioxidants are ineffective, because they cannot penetrate the mitochondria. This study investigated the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress during development of hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat, using the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ 10 . Eight-week-old male strokeprone spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with MitoQ 10 (500 mol/L; nϭ16), control compound decyltriphenylphosphonium (decylTPP; 500 mol/L; nϭ8), or vehicle (nϭ9) in drinking water for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced by Ϸ25 mm Hg over the 8-week MitoQ 10 treatment period compared with decylTPP (Fϭ5.94; Pϭ0.029) or untreated controls (Fϭ65.6; Pϭ0.0001). MitoQ 10 treatment significantly improved thoracic aorta NO bioavailability (1.16Ϯ0.03 g/g; Pϭ0.002, area under the curve) compared with both untreated controls (0.68Ϯ0.02 g/g) and decylTPP-treated rats (0.60Ϯ0.06 g/g). Cardiac hypertrophy was significantly reduced by MitoQ 10 treatment compared with untreated control and decylTPP treatment (MitoQ 10 : 4.01Ϯ0.05 mg/g; control: 4.42Ϯ0.11 mg/g; and decylTPP: 4.40Ϯ0.09 mg/g; ANOVA Pϭ0.002). Total MitoQ 10 content was measured in liver, heart, carotid artery, and kidney harvested from MitoQ 10 -treated rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All of the organs analyzed demonstrated detectable levels of MitoQ 10 , with comparable accumulation in vascular and cardiac tissues. Administration of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ 10 protects against the development of hypertension, improves endothelial function, and reduces cardiac hypertrophy in young stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. MitoQ 10 provides a novel approach to attenuate mitochondrial-specific oxidative damage with the potential to become a new therapeutic intervention in human cardiovascular disease. (Hypertension. 2009;54:322-328.)

Head & Neck, 1991

Patients with advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx or upper esophagus have among the worst prog... more Patients with advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx or upper esophagus have among the worst prognoses in head and neck oncology. We developed a treatment regimen of rapidly alternating multi-agent chemotherapy and accelerated interrupted radiotherapy as follows: Three cycles of chemotherapy were delivered [day 1, cisplatin 100 mg/m2; days 1-4, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 900 mg/m2] and repeated every 3 weeks. On day 8 of each chemotherapy cycle radiotherapy was started, consisting of 10 fractions of 200 cGy delivered twice daily, for 5 days. The total dose of radiotherapy was 6,000 cGy over 7 weeks, and the total duration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was 8 weeks. Nineteen patients with locally advanced, epidermoid carcinoma of the hypopharynx (9 patients) or upper esophagus (10 patients) were treated on this protocol. Minimum follow-up was l year. Twelve patients had tumors judged technically unresectable, whereas 7 had tumors considered resectable only with tqtal laryngectomy, which was unacceptable to the patients. One patient died of nadir sepsis during treatment, but otherwise the acute toxicity was relatively mild (grade 1/11 in 16 patients, grade III/IV in 3 patients). The complete response rate was 83% (15 of 18 patients), and the partial response rate was 17% (3 of 18). No patient failed to respond. The survival rate was 80% at 1 CCC 0148-6403/91/050415-05 $04.00

CHEST Journal, 1993

Intrapleural bupivacaine has been reported to be effective for analgesia following cholecystectom... more Intrapleural bupivacaine has been reported to be effective for analgesia following cholecystectomy and thoracic surgery. Twenty patients who had a posterolateral thoracotomy were studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion. Patients were assigned to receive intrapleural administration of either 0.5 percent bupivacaine or saline solution every 4 h for 12 doses postoperatively, as well as narcotic analgesics as needed for additional pain control. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Narcotic analgesic use, duration of hospitalization, and the development of complications were recorded. There were nine evaluable patients who received bupivacaine, and ten patients who received placebo. The age, sex, and type of operation were similar in the two groups, and the procedures were performed by the same two surgeons. The mean pain score at 24 h postoperatively was 5.8 +/- 0.8 in the bupivacaine group and 6.0 +/- 0.6 in the placebo group. At 48 h, the scores were 4.6 +/- 0.8 in the bupivacaine group and 5.1 +/- 0.9 in the placebo group. The mean dose of morphine sulfate or equianalgesic dose of meperidine during the first 24 h was 13.9 +/- 3.7 mg in the bupivacaine group and 12.6 +/- 1.8 mg in the placebo group, and during the next 24 h it was 40.0 +/- 13.4 mg in the bupivacaine group and 38.0 +/- 9.2 mg in the placebo group. The mean duration of hospitalization was 12.8 +/- 3.2 days in the bupivacaine group and 12.1 +/- 2.9 days in the placebo group. Two patients who received bupivacaine and three patients who received placebo had development of pneumonia or atelectasis postoperatively. There was no statistically significant difference in any parameter between those who received bupivacaine and those who received placebo. Thus, there was no subjective or objective clinical benefit of this method of postoperative analgesia compared with placebo following posterolateral thoracotomy.

CHEST Journal, 1978

Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma has been reported by us to result in a fi... more Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma has been reported by us to result in a five-year survival rate of 27 percent. A later report of surgical management of pulmonary metastases from all types of sarcomas showed a five-year survival rate of 26%. This report reviews the experience with 188 patients treated surgically for pulmonary metastasis from a variety of carcinomas, demonstrating that a similar rate of survival is obtainable by surgical excision of these metastases. A total of 188 patients underwent 242 thoractomies for metastatic pulmonary carcinomas. The most frequent sites of origin were the colon, melanoma, breast, and testicular carcinoma. Surgical treatment of these metastases is justified when the following criteria are adhered to: (1) primary site controlled or controllable; (2) no extrapulmonary metastatic sites demonstrable; (3) good surgical risk; and (4) no effective treatment available by nonsurgical means.

Journal of Gerontological Nursing

The purpose of this article is to critically review and synthesize the literature on the effects ... more The purpose of this article is to critically review and synthesize the literature on the effects of nonpharmacological cognitive training on dementia symptoms in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia. Electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched using the keywords cognition, reality orientation, Alzheimer's disease, psychosocial factors, cognitive therapy, brain plasticity, enriched environments, and memory training. The findings support that cognitive training improves cognition, activities of daily living, and decision making. Interventions are more effective if they are structured and focus on specific known losses related to the AD pathological process and a person's residual ability, or are combined with cognitive-enhancing medications. Nursing implications are also discussed.

International journal of geriatric psychiatry, Jan 30, 2015

This prospective longitudinal study aims to determine the risk factors of wandering-related adver... more This prospective longitudinal study aims to determine the risk factors of wandering-related adverse consequences in community-dwelling persons with mild dementia. These adverse consequences include negative outcomes of wandering (falls, fractures, and injuries) and eloping behavior. We recruited 143 dyads of persons with mild dementia and their caregivers from a veteran's hospital and memory clinic in Florida. Wandering-related adverse consequences were measured using the Revised Algase Wandering Scale - Community Version. Variables such as personality (Big Five Inventory), behavioral response to stress, gait, and balance (Tinetti Gait and Balance), wayfinding ability (Wayfinding Effectiveness Scale), and neurocognitive abilities (attention, cognition, memory, language/verbal skills, and executive functioning) were also measured. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the predictors of these wandering-related adverse consequences. A total of 49% of t...

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2014

To examine the clinical utility of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) in nursing... more To examine the clinical utility of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) in nursing homes. 14 nursing homes in Sydney and Brisbane, Australia. 92 residents with a mean age of 85 years. Consenting residents were assessed by care staff for depression using the CSDD as part of their routine assessment. Specialist clinicians conducted assessment of depression using the Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders for residents without dementia or the Provisional Diagnostic Criteria for Depression in Alzheimer Disease for residents with dementia to establish expert clinical diagnoses of depression. The diagnostic performance of the staff completed CSDD was analyzed against expert diagnosis using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The CSDD showed low diagnostic accuracy, with areas under the ROC curve being 0.69, 0.68 and 0.70 for the total sample, residents with dementia and residents without dementia, respectively. At the standard CSDD cutoff score, the sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 59% for the total sample, 69% and 57% for residents with dementia, and 75% and 61% for residents without dementia. The Youden index (for optimizing cut-points) suggested different depression cutoff scores for residents with and without dementia. When administered by nursing home staff the clinical utility of the CSDD is highly questionable in identifying depression. The complexity of the scale, the time required for collecting relevant information, and staff skills and knowledge of assessing depression in older people must be considered when using the CSDD in nursing homes.

Canadian Journal of Communication, 1977

... &. member for Albert? (sic) told the Netionnl Neaspnper &;. Avmd dinner thqt they wer... more ... &. member for Albert? (sic) told the Netionnl Neaspnper &;. Avmd dinner thqt they were under-covering parliament. ~AW * + It jeopardize democrstic freedom. (Globe, April 25) Page 2. "CRACK 'EM IN THE PUSS" - NIXON CURE FOR PRESS ...

Canadian Journal of Communication, 1977

Science Signaling, 2000

In certain circumstances, internalized receptors are able to continue signaling after endocytosis... more In certain circumstances, internalized receptors are able to continue signaling after endocytosis. Whistler et al. discuss how the interaction of heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors with arrestins and their subsequent endocytosis may contribute to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. This perspective delves into the role that scaffolds may play in organizing and specifying downstream signaling events that occur after internalization of G protein-coupled receptors.

Journal of Hypertension, 2004

The novel antihypertensive agent, omapatrilat, is both an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase and ... more The novel antihypertensive agent, omapatrilat, is both an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme. This study investigated the effects of omapatrilat in comparison with an angiotensin I-receptor antagonist/diuretic combination on blood pressure, endothelial function and cardiac hypertrophy in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Male and female SHRSP were treated orally with omapatrilat or irbesartan plus hydrochlorothiazide (I + H) or vehicle for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was measured weekly by tail-cuff. Cardiac hypertrophy was monitored by echocardiography at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age. Endothelial function [basal nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and stimulated NO release] was examined in carotid arteries using organ bath pharmacology and in mesenteric resistance arteries using wire myography. Compared with untreated controls, omapatrilat and I + H significantly attenuated hypertension [male control, 198.3 +/- 6.9 mmHg versus omapatrilat, 149.6 +/- 3.8 mmHg (F = 8.63 P < 0.0001), versus I + H, 145.6 +/- 5.1 mmHg (F = 7.38 P < 0.0001); female control, 170.3 +/-8.3 mmHg versus omapatrilat, 120.0 +/- 4.6 mmHg (F = 8.36, P < 0.0001), versus I + H, 112.2 +/- 2.9 mmHg (F = 9.08, P < 0.0001)] and left ventricular hypertrophy [male + female controls, 3.02 +/- 0.38 mg/g versus omapatrilat, 2.47 +/- 0.26 mg/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, 0.27, 0.83), versus I + H, 2.49 +/- 0.21 mg/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, 0.25, 0.83)]. Both treatments also significantly increased male carotid artery basal NO bioavailability relative to control [control, 0.62 +/- 0.17 g/g versus omapatrilat, 1.95 +/- 0.17 g/g (P < 0.0001; 95% confidence interval, -1.83, -0.36), versus I + H, 1.57 +/- 0.21 g/g (P < 0.026; 95% confidence interval, -1.31, -0.12)]. However, stimulated NO (EC50) was only improved in omapatrilat-treated males [controls, 0.19 +/- 0.06 micromol/l versus omapatrilat, 0.05 +/- 0.01 micromol/l (P = 0.05; 95% confidence interval, -1.16, -0.03)]. Omapatrilat treatment significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and improved endothelial function in carotid arteries from male SHRSP by NO-dependent mechanisms. Despite equivalent antihypertensive and antihypertrophic actions, a similar improvement in endothelial function, specifically stimulated NO release, was not observed after treatment with I + H.

Hypertension, 2007

Data Supplement (unedited) at: http://hyper.ahajournals.org located on the World Wide Web at:

Hypertension, 2009

Mitochondria are a major site of reactive oxygen species production, which may contribute to the ... more Mitochondria are a major site of reactive oxygen species production, which may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. Protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage should be an effective therapeutic strategy; however, conventional antioxidants are ineffective, because they cannot penetrate the mitochondria. This study investigated the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress during development of hypertension in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat, using the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ 10 . Eight-week-old male strokeprone spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with MitoQ 10 (500 mol/L; nϭ16), control compound decyltriphenylphosphonium (decylTPP; 500 mol/L; nϭ8), or vehicle (nϭ9) in drinking water for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced by Ϸ25 mm Hg over the 8-week MitoQ 10 treatment period compared with decylTPP (Fϭ5.94; Pϭ0.029) or untreated controls (Fϭ65.6; Pϭ0.0001). MitoQ 10 treatment significantly improved thoracic aorta NO bioavailability (1.16Ϯ0.03 g/g; Pϭ0.002, area under the curve) compared with both untreated controls (0.68Ϯ0.02 g/g) and decylTPP-treated rats (0.60Ϯ0.06 g/g). Cardiac hypertrophy was significantly reduced by MitoQ 10 treatment compared with untreated control and decylTPP treatment (MitoQ 10 : 4.01Ϯ0.05 mg/g; control: 4.42Ϯ0.11 mg/g; and decylTPP: 4.40Ϯ0.09 mg/g; ANOVA Pϭ0.002). Total MitoQ 10 content was measured in liver, heart, carotid artery, and kidney harvested from MitoQ 10 -treated rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All of the organs analyzed demonstrated detectable levels of MitoQ 10 , with comparable accumulation in vascular and cardiac tissues. Administration of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ 10 protects against the development of hypertension, improves endothelial function, and reduces cardiac hypertrophy in young stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. MitoQ 10 provides a novel approach to attenuate mitochondrial-specific oxidative damage with the potential to become a new therapeutic intervention in human cardiovascular disease. (Hypertension. 2009;54:322-328.)

Head & Neck, 1991

Patients with advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx or upper esophagus have among the worst prog... more Patients with advanced carcinomas of the hypopharynx or upper esophagus have among the worst prognoses in head and neck oncology. We developed a treatment regimen of rapidly alternating multi-agent chemotherapy and accelerated interrupted radiotherapy as follows: Three cycles of chemotherapy were delivered [day 1, cisplatin 100 mg/m2; days 1-4, 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) 900 mg/m2] and repeated every 3 weeks. On day 8 of each chemotherapy cycle radiotherapy was started, consisting of 10 fractions of 200 cGy delivered twice daily, for 5 days. The total dose of radiotherapy was 6,000 cGy over 7 weeks, and the total duration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was 8 weeks. Nineteen patients with locally advanced, epidermoid carcinoma of the hypopharynx (9 patients) or upper esophagus (10 patients) were treated on this protocol. Minimum follow-up was l year. Twelve patients had tumors judged technically unresectable, whereas 7 had tumors considered resectable only with tqtal laryngectomy, which was unacceptable to the patients. One patient died of nadir sepsis during treatment, but otherwise the acute toxicity was relatively mild (grade 1/11 in 16 patients, grade III/IV in 3 patients). The complete response rate was 83% (15 of 18 patients), and the partial response rate was 17% (3 of 18). No patient failed to respond. The survival rate was 80% at 1 CCC 0148-6403/91/050415-05 $04.00

CHEST Journal, 1993

Intrapleural bupivacaine has been reported to be effective for analgesia following cholecystectom... more Intrapleural bupivacaine has been reported to be effective for analgesia following cholecystectomy and thoracic surgery. Twenty patients who had a posterolateral thoracotomy were studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled fashion. Patients were assigned to receive intrapleural administration of either 0.5 percent bupivacaine or saline solution every 4 h for 12 doses postoperatively, as well as narcotic analgesics as needed for additional pain control. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Narcotic analgesic use, duration of hospitalization, and the development of complications were recorded. There were nine evaluable patients who received bupivacaine, and ten patients who received placebo. The age, sex, and type of operation were similar in the two groups, and the procedures were performed by the same two surgeons. The mean pain score at 24 h postoperatively was 5.8 +/- 0.8 in the bupivacaine group and 6.0 +/- 0.6 in the placebo group. At 48 h, the scores were 4.6 +/- 0.8 in the bupivacaine group and 5.1 +/- 0.9 in the placebo group. The mean dose of morphine sulfate or equianalgesic dose of meperidine during the first 24 h was 13.9 +/- 3.7 mg in the bupivacaine group and 12.6 +/- 1.8 mg in the placebo group, and during the next 24 h it was 40.0 +/- 13.4 mg in the bupivacaine group and 38.0 +/- 9.2 mg in the placebo group. The mean duration of hospitalization was 12.8 +/- 3.2 days in the bupivacaine group and 12.1 +/- 2.9 days in the placebo group. Two patients who received bupivacaine and three patients who received placebo had development of pneumonia or atelectasis postoperatively. There was no statistically significant difference in any parameter between those who received bupivacaine and those who received placebo. Thus, there was no subjective or objective clinical benefit of this method of postoperative analgesia compared with placebo following posterolateral thoracotomy.

CHEST Journal, 1978

Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma has been reported by us to result in a fi... more Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma has been reported by us to result in a five-year survival rate of 27 percent. A later report of surgical management of pulmonary metastases from all types of sarcomas showed a five-year survival rate of 26%. This report reviews the experience with 188 patients treated surgically for pulmonary metastasis from a variety of carcinomas, demonstrating that a similar rate of survival is obtainable by surgical excision of these metastases. A total of 188 patients underwent 242 thoractomies for metastatic pulmonary carcinomas. The most frequent sites of origin were the colon, melanoma, breast, and testicular carcinoma. Surgical treatment of these metastases is justified when the following criteria are adhered to: (1) primary site controlled or controllable; (2) no extrapulmonary metastatic sites demonstrable; (3) good surgical risk; and (4) no effective treatment available by nonsurgical means.

Journal of Gerontological Nursing

The purpose of this article is to critically review and synthesize the literature on the effects ... more The purpose of this article is to critically review and synthesize the literature on the effects of nonpharmacological cognitive training on dementia symptoms in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementia. Electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched using the keywords cognition, reality orientation, Alzheimer's disease, psychosocial factors, cognitive therapy, brain plasticity, enriched environments, and memory training. The findings support that cognitive training improves cognition, activities of daily living, and decision making. Interventions are more effective if they are structured and focus on specific known losses related to the AD pathological process and a person's residual ability, or are combined with cognitive-enhancing medications. Nursing implications are also discussed.