Emira Becic - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Emira Becic
Abstract: This report presents an attempt to compare the innovation capacities of WBC based on mu... more Abstract: This report presents an attempt to compare the innovation capacities of WBC based on multiple analytical approaches with a view to understand the possibility of closer regional innovation cooperation. The final aim is to carry out the background report for a common innovation strategy and initiatives for establishing the regional innovation system. The analyses reveal that WBC differs significantly in overall development and related innovation capacities (eg there is almost a six-fold difference in per-capita income ...
Računovodstvo i financije, Nov 25, 2004
Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci: časopis za ekonomsku teoriju i praksu/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business
The relationship and effects between fiscal policy and economic growth have been an important the... more The relationship and effects between fiscal policy and economic growth have been an important theoretical and empirical research topic. The neoclassical models imply that the economic effects of changes in government spending will be neutralised by the impact of consequent changes in private spending. Endogenous growth models, on the other hand, imply that changes in the level and composition of taxation and government expenditure can affect economic growth. This aim of the paper is to explore the relationship and effects of fiscal policy and economic growth in 21 Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries over the period 2000-2018. The results, after controlling for various common and country-specific variables, imply that an increase in taxation, but not in non-productive expenditures, can positively affect economic growth. Our main findings are: (i) there is a significant and positive contemporaneous relationship between the general level of taxation and economic growth; and (ii) there is no relationship between the government final consumption and economic growth. Therefore, our results contributed to the scientific literature by providing empirical evidence on the contemporaneous relationship between the general government tax receipt and economic growth in CEE countries.
Pojam nanotehnologije se odnosi na razumijevanje, primjenu i kontrolu svojstava materije na skali... more Pojam nanotehnologije se odnosi na razumijevanje, primjenu i kontrolu svojstava materije na skali dimenzija između 1 i 100 nanometara. U proteklom desetljecu svjedoci smo neocekivanog tehnoloskog napretka razvoja novih materijala cija svojstva u velikoj mjeri proizlaze iz novih kvantno-mehanickih efekata, sto rezultira novim proizvodima i tehnologijama. Nove keramike, polimeri, metalne legure, bio- i hibridni materijali znatno su doprinjeli poboljsanju kvalitete života kroz nove i bolje proizvode i usluge, sto je omogucilo stvaranje bogatstva i zaposlenosti. Istraživanja u podrucju novih nanostrukturnih materijala je vise nego ikada izazov za Republiku Hrvatsku (RH). Nanotehnologije utemeljene na njima imaju veliki potencijal za razvoj proizvoda s visokom dodanom vrijednosti, sto je preduvjet za održivi i natjecateljski razvoj u okviru Europske Unije. Okrugli stol treba dati odgovore na neka od slijedecih pitanja: Sto su slabosti, a sto je snaga straživanja u podrucju nanotehnologij...
Actual Problems of Economics, 2016
The paper provides empirical insights about the existing practice and the effects of using tax in... more The paper provides empirical insights about the existing practice and the effects of using tax incentives for R&D in Croatia¨s large companies. In order to determine the current situation and analyze the effects from applying tax incentives for R&D, a survey was developed. The research methodology includes descriptive methods of statistical analysis of the data from the survey conducted in 85 Croatian large companies.
Svaka zemlja pa tako i Republika Hrvatska, ovisno o svojim specificnostima vodi fiskalnu politiku... more Svaka zemlja pa tako i Republika Hrvatska, ovisno o svojim specificnostima vodi fiskalnu politiku u skladu s ostvarenjima osnovnih gospodarskih ciljeva. Za provođenje kvalitetne fiskalne politike u Republici Hrvatskoj postoje brojni gospodarski problemi. Osim toga ucinci su fiskalne politike na gospodarski rast u Hrvatskoj dvojbeni. Dugogodisnji fiskalni deficit otvara pitanje fiskalne održivosti i ostvarenje pozitivnih ucinaka državne potrosnje na gospodarski rast. Cilj ovog rada je empirijski prikazati može li fiskalna politika u Republici Hrvatskoj potaknuti rast gospodarskih aktivnosti tj. bruto drustveni proizvod. Za empirijsku analizu djelovanja fiskalne politike na rast bruto drustvenog proizvoda u razdoblju 2004.-2014. koristen je ekonometrijski model kointegracijske analize i vektorskih modela (VAR i VECM) za prognoziranje. Rezultati analize pokazali su da bi povecanje proracunskih prihoda utjecalo na smanjenje gospodarske aktivnosti, a povecanje proracunskih rashoda pozitivno bi utjecalo na gospodarsku aktivnost tj. bruto drustveni proizvod.
Public sector efficiency has undergone much scrutiny in literature, especially because of limited... more Public sector efficiency has undergone much scrutiny in literature, especially because of limited public resources for financing public needs at national and sub-national levels. Studies on public sector efficiency usually include country comparisons or analyse the efficiency of public expenditures in a particular sector (e.g. education and health care) (Afonso and Aubyn, 2004 ; Lockheed and Longford, 1989 ; Hollingsworth, et al., 1999). There are a number of studies which look at public expenditure efficiency of local and regional governments (Melkers and Willoughby, 2005 ; Afonso and Fernandes, 2008 ; De Borge and Naper, 2006 ; Afonso and Scaglioni, 2005). The main conclusion from the conducted research is that cost efficiency increases parallel to the size of local government units. The objective of this paper is to explore the efficiency of local government expenditure, with special emphasis on Croatian counties in the period 2005 2014. Croatia consists of twenty counties. Most of the existing public functions in Croatia remain under the jurisdiction of the central state. This is the case even with public functions that are partially decentralised (education, health care and social welfare), since responsibility and financing are divided between the central, regional and local levels of government. The majority of public resources in local budgets is spent on providing a range of public services and ensuring access to education, health care and social welfare to citizens. These three public functions account for almost two thirds of total sub-national government spending. To evaluate the efficiency of public expenditures and the average deviation level in Croatian counties in the period 2006 2015, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was used to process data. Farnell laid the foundations for the DEA model in 1957, which was later developed by Charnes, et al. (1978). This method identifies the most efficient units in a given set, without assuming any type of functional relationship between inputs and outputs. Our analysis covered twenty Croatian counties (Zagreb, Krapina-Zagorje, Sisak-Moslavina, Karlovac, Varazdin, Koprivnica-Krizevci, Bjelovar-Bilogora, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Lika- Senj, Virovitica-Podravina, Pozega-Slavonija, Brod-Posavina, Zadar, Osijek-Baranja, Sibenik- Knin, Vukovar-Srijem, Split-Dalmatia, Istria, Dubrovnik-Neretva, Medimurje) and three public functions (education, health care and social welfare). The DEA model inputs comprised total expenditure for education, health care and social welfare of each county, while outputs consisted of population density and gross domestic product per capita in each county. To obtain meaningful results, additional input and output variables were used in this analysis. We expected the DEA model to identify significant differences in the efficiency of expenditure on education, health care and social protection between Croatian counties. This analysis contributes to research evidence that show that larger counties are more efficient in public spending than smaller ones. Finally, this paper identifies some of the main causes of existing inefficiencies in overall public spending at county level, inefficiencies in public expenditure in each of the examined sectors (education, health care, social welfare), and gives recommendations aimed at increasing the efficiency of public spending at county level.
Povećanje ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj (I&R) za Hrvatsku, kao dijela europskog i globalnoga i... more Povećanje ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj (I&R) za Hrvatsku, kao dijela europskog i globalnoga istraživačkog prostora, usmjereno je na stvaranje nacionalnoga istraživačkog tržišta koje će obilježavati visoka razina mobilnosti, konkurencije i istraživačke izvrsnosti. Ovim člankom željelo se analizirati trendove i utvrditi promjene u sektoru istraživanja i razvoja u Hrvatskoj u 2005. godini i definirati sadašnju poziciju Hrvatske u okvirima ulaganja u I&R i prihvaćene ciljeve Europske Unije (EU) iz Barcelonske i Lisabonske agende. U članku se istražuju promjene u I&R poslovnog sektora u usporedbi s trendovima kretanja u zemljama EU 25. Promjene i napredak u ulaganju privatnog sektora u I&R u Hrvatskoj u 2005. godini analizirane su s ciljem projekcije stanja i trendova u poslovnom sektoru Hrvatske. Analizirana su poduzeća koja ulažu u vlastito istraživanje i razvoj i bave se istraživanjem i razvojem. Prema statističkim pokazateljima izdvajanja za istraživanje i razvoj poslovnog sektora u Republici Hrvatskoj u proteklih nekoliko godina bilježe trend značajnog zaostajanja u usporedbi s EU27, EU25, EU15, te primjerice Slovenijom, a u odnosu na prosjek novih deset zemalja članica EU-a (proširenja 2004.) hrvatski poslovni sektor izdvaja više. Slijedom socijalne teorije inovacija o društvenoj ukorijenjenosti tehnološkog razvoja, te rijetkosti ovog tipa istraživanja o ulaganjima I&R sektora na razini kompanija, ovo istraživanje može poslužiti i kao temeljni korak za sociološko istraživanje zaostajanja poslovnog sektora I&R u gospodarskom razvoju.
The implementation of fiscal rules has been the central point of economic debates in the European... more The implementation of fiscal rules has been the central point of economic debates in the European Union institutions and Member States. They indicate the direction in which policymakers aim to improve public finances in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. The aim of this paper is to analyse the efficiency of the fiscal rule index and fiscal rule strength index in the European Union Member States, with special emphasis on Croatia. The methodology and data of the European Commission’s DG ECFIN were used to analyse the efficiency of the fiscal rule index and fiscal rule strength index by type and government sectors in the European Union Member States during the 2007-2014 period. Our analysis shows that trends in the values of the fiscal rule strength index and standardized fiscal rule index indicate that fiscal rules are becoming more important and efficient as policy tools compared to the pre-crisis period, and that the situation in Croatia has been continuously improving since its accession to the EU in mid- 2013.
Znanstvena monografija sadrži znanstvene radove sudionika međunarodne znanstvene konferencije pod... more Znanstvena monografija sadrži znanstvene radove sudionika međunarodne znanstvene konferencije pod naslovom Economics of digital transformation - Smart Governments, Regions and Cities u organizaciji Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci. Rezultati istraživanja se odnose na razvoj i perspektive pametnih gradova i regija te ostale izazove digitalizacije i digitalne transformacije gospodarstva i drustva.
Abstract: This report presents an attempt to compare the innovation capacities of WBC based on mu... more Abstract: This report presents an attempt to compare the innovation capacities of WBC based on multiple analytical approaches with a view to understand the possibility of closer regional innovation cooperation. The final aim is to carry out the background report for a common innovation strategy and initiatives for establishing the regional innovation system. The analyses reveal that WBC differs significantly in overall development and related innovation capacities (eg there is almost a six-fold difference in per-capita income ...
Računovodstvo i financije, Nov 25, 2004
Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci: časopis za ekonomsku teoriju i praksu/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business
The relationship and effects between fiscal policy and economic growth have been an important the... more The relationship and effects between fiscal policy and economic growth have been an important theoretical and empirical research topic. The neoclassical models imply that the economic effects of changes in government spending will be neutralised by the impact of consequent changes in private spending. Endogenous growth models, on the other hand, imply that changes in the level and composition of taxation and government expenditure can affect economic growth. This aim of the paper is to explore the relationship and effects of fiscal policy and economic growth in 21 Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries over the period 2000-2018. The results, after controlling for various common and country-specific variables, imply that an increase in taxation, but not in non-productive expenditures, can positively affect economic growth. Our main findings are: (i) there is a significant and positive contemporaneous relationship between the general level of taxation and economic growth; and (ii) there is no relationship between the government final consumption and economic growth. Therefore, our results contributed to the scientific literature by providing empirical evidence on the contemporaneous relationship between the general government tax receipt and economic growth in CEE countries.
Pojam nanotehnologije se odnosi na razumijevanje, primjenu i kontrolu svojstava materije na skali... more Pojam nanotehnologije se odnosi na razumijevanje, primjenu i kontrolu svojstava materije na skali dimenzija između 1 i 100 nanometara. U proteklom desetljecu svjedoci smo neocekivanog tehnoloskog napretka razvoja novih materijala cija svojstva u velikoj mjeri proizlaze iz novih kvantno-mehanickih efekata, sto rezultira novim proizvodima i tehnologijama. Nove keramike, polimeri, metalne legure, bio- i hibridni materijali znatno su doprinjeli poboljsanju kvalitete života kroz nove i bolje proizvode i usluge, sto je omogucilo stvaranje bogatstva i zaposlenosti. Istraživanja u podrucju novih nanostrukturnih materijala je vise nego ikada izazov za Republiku Hrvatsku (RH). Nanotehnologije utemeljene na njima imaju veliki potencijal za razvoj proizvoda s visokom dodanom vrijednosti, sto je preduvjet za održivi i natjecateljski razvoj u okviru Europske Unije. Okrugli stol treba dati odgovore na neka od slijedecih pitanja: Sto su slabosti, a sto je snaga straživanja u podrucju nanotehnologij...
Actual Problems of Economics, 2016
The paper provides empirical insights about the existing practice and the effects of using tax in... more The paper provides empirical insights about the existing practice and the effects of using tax incentives for R&D in Croatia¨s large companies. In order to determine the current situation and analyze the effects from applying tax incentives for R&D, a survey was developed. The research methodology includes descriptive methods of statistical analysis of the data from the survey conducted in 85 Croatian large companies.
Svaka zemlja pa tako i Republika Hrvatska, ovisno o svojim specificnostima vodi fiskalnu politiku... more Svaka zemlja pa tako i Republika Hrvatska, ovisno o svojim specificnostima vodi fiskalnu politiku u skladu s ostvarenjima osnovnih gospodarskih ciljeva. Za provođenje kvalitetne fiskalne politike u Republici Hrvatskoj postoje brojni gospodarski problemi. Osim toga ucinci su fiskalne politike na gospodarski rast u Hrvatskoj dvojbeni. Dugogodisnji fiskalni deficit otvara pitanje fiskalne održivosti i ostvarenje pozitivnih ucinaka državne potrosnje na gospodarski rast. Cilj ovog rada je empirijski prikazati može li fiskalna politika u Republici Hrvatskoj potaknuti rast gospodarskih aktivnosti tj. bruto drustveni proizvod. Za empirijsku analizu djelovanja fiskalne politike na rast bruto drustvenog proizvoda u razdoblju 2004.-2014. koristen je ekonometrijski model kointegracijske analize i vektorskih modela (VAR i VECM) za prognoziranje. Rezultati analize pokazali su da bi povecanje proracunskih prihoda utjecalo na smanjenje gospodarske aktivnosti, a povecanje proracunskih rashoda pozitivno bi utjecalo na gospodarsku aktivnost tj. bruto drustveni proizvod.
Public sector efficiency has undergone much scrutiny in literature, especially because of limited... more Public sector efficiency has undergone much scrutiny in literature, especially because of limited public resources for financing public needs at national and sub-national levels. Studies on public sector efficiency usually include country comparisons or analyse the efficiency of public expenditures in a particular sector (e.g. education and health care) (Afonso and Aubyn, 2004 ; Lockheed and Longford, 1989 ; Hollingsworth, et al., 1999). There are a number of studies which look at public expenditure efficiency of local and regional governments (Melkers and Willoughby, 2005 ; Afonso and Fernandes, 2008 ; De Borge and Naper, 2006 ; Afonso and Scaglioni, 2005). The main conclusion from the conducted research is that cost efficiency increases parallel to the size of local government units. The objective of this paper is to explore the efficiency of local government expenditure, with special emphasis on Croatian counties in the period 2005 2014. Croatia consists of twenty counties. Most of the existing public functions in Croatia remain under the jurisdiction of the central state. This is the case even with public functions that are partially decentralised (education, health care and social welfare), since responsibility and financing are divided between the central, regional and local levels of government. The majority of public resources in local budgets is spent on providing a range of public services and ensuring access to education, health care and social welfare to citizens. These three public functions account for almost two thirds of total sub-national government spending. To evaluate the efficiency of public expenditures and the average deviation level in Croatian counties in the period 2006 2015, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology was used to process data. Farnell laid the foundations for the DEA model in 1957, which was later developed by Charnes, et al. (1978). This method identifies the most efficient units in a given set, without assuming any type of functional relationship between inputs and outputs. Our analysis covered twenty Croatian counties (Zagreb, Krapina-Zagorje, Sisak-Moslavina, Karlovac, Varazdin, Koprivnica-Krizevci, Bjelovar-Bilogora, Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Lika- Senj, Virovitica-Podravina, Pozega-Slavonija, Brod-Posavina, Zadar, Osijek-Baranja, Sibenik- Knin, Vukovar-Srijem, Split-Dalmatia, Istria, Dubrovnik-Neretva, Medimurje) and three public functions (education, health care and social welfare). The DEA model inputs comprised total expenditure for education, health care and social welfare of each county, while outputs consisted of population density and gross domestic product per capita in each county. To obtain meaningful results, additional input and output variables were used in this analysis. We expected the DEA model to identify significant differences in the efficiency of expenditure on education, health care and social protection between Croatian counties. This analysis contributes to research evidence that show that larger counties are more efficient in public spending than smaller ones. Finally, this paper identifies some of the main causes of existing inefficiencies in overall public spending at county level, inefficiencies in public expenditure in each of the examined sectors (education, health care, social welfare), and gives recommendations aimed at increasing the efficiency of public spending at county level.
Povećanje ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj (I&R) za Hrvatsku, kao dijela europskog i globalnoga i... more Povećanje ulaganja u istraživanje i razvoj (I&R) za Hrvatsku, kao dijela europskog i globalnoga istraživačkog prostora, usmjereno je na stvaranje nacionalnoga istraživačkog tržišta koje će obilježavati visoka razina mobilnosti, konkurencije i istraživačke izvrsnosti. Ovim člankom željelo se analizirati trendove i utvrditi promjene u sektoru istraživanja i razvoja u Hrvatskoj u 2005. godini i definirati sadašnju poziciju Hrvatske u okvirima ulaganja u I&R i prihvaćene ciljeve Europske Unije (EU) iz Barcelonske i Lisabonske agende. U članku se istražuju promjene u I&R poslovnog sektora u usporedbi s trendovima kretanja u zemljama EU 25. Promjene i napredak u ulaganju privatnog sektora u I&R u Hrvatskoj u 2005. godini analizirane su s ciljem projekcije stanja i trendova u poslovnom sektoru Hrvatske. Analizirana su poduzeća koja ulažu u vlastito istraživanje i razvoj i bave se istraživanjem i razvojem. Prema statističkim pokazateljima izdvajanja za istraživanje i razvoj poslovnog sektora u Republici Hrvatskoj u proteklih nekoliko godina bilježe trend značajnog zaostajanja u usporedbi s EU27, EU25, EU15, te primjerice Slovenijom, a u odnosu na prosjek novih deset zemalja članica EU-a (proširenja 2004.) hrvatski poslovni sektor izdvaja više. Slijedom socijalne teorije inovacija o društvenoj ukorijenjenosti tehnološkog razvoja, te rijetkosti ovog tipa istraživanja o ulaganjima I&R sektora na razini kompanija, ovo istraživanje može poslužiti i kao temeljni korak za sociološko istraživanje zaostajanja poslovnog sektora I&R u gospodarskom razvoju.
The implementation of fiscal rules has been the central point of economic debates in the European... more The implementation of fiscal rules has been the central point of economic debates in the European Union institutions and Member States. They indicate the direction in which policymakers aim to improve public finances in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. The aim of this paper is to analyse the efficiency of the fiscal rule index and fiscal rule strength index in the European Union Member States, with special emphasis on Croatia. The methodology and data of the European Commission’s DG ECFIN were used to analyse the efficiency of the fiscal rule index and fiscal rule strength index by type and government sectors in the European Union Member States during the 2007-2014 period. Our analysis shows that trends in the values of the fiscal rule strength index and standardized fiscal rule index indicate that fiscal rules are becoming more important and efficient as policy tools compared to the pre-crisis period, and that the situation in Croatia has been continuously improving since its accession to the EU in mid- 2013.
Znanstvena monografija sadrži znanstvene radove sudionika međunarodne znanstvene konferencije pod... more Znanstvena monografija sadrži znanstvene radove sudionika međunarodne znanstvene konferencije pod naslovom Economics of digital transformation - Smart Governments, Regions and Cities u organizaciji Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci. Rezultati istraživanja se odnose na razvoj i perspektive pametnih gradova i regija te ostale izazove digitalizacije i digitalne transformacije gospodarstva i drustva.