Eline Korenromp - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Eline Korenromp

The Lancet Global Health, 2021

Social Science Research Network, 2022

Western Pacific Surveillance and Response, Mar 31, 2020

Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and ... more Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women aged 15-49 years in four countries in the Pacific (Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia [FSM], Papua New Guinea [PNG] and Samoa) to inform surveillance and control strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: The Spectrum-STI model was fitted to data from prevalence surveys and screenings of adult female populations collected during 1995−2017 and adjusted for diagnostic test performance and to account for undersampled high-risk populations. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, data were further adjusted for age and differences between urban and rural areas. Results: Prevalence levels were estimated as a percentage (95% confidence interval). In 2017, active syphilis prevalence was estimated in Fiji at 3.89% (2.82 to 5.06), in FSM at 1.48% (0.93 to 2.16), in PNG at 3.91% (1.67 to 7.24) and in Samoa at 0.16% (0.07 to 0.37). For gonorrhoea, the prevalence in Fiji was 1.63% (0.50 to 3.87); in FSM it was 1.59% (0.49 to 3.58); in PNG it was 11.0% (7.25 to 16.1); and in Samoa it was 1.61% (1.17 to 2.19). The prevalence of chlamydia in Fiji was 24.1% (16.5 to 32.7); in FSM it was 23.9% (18.5 to 30.6); in PNG it was 14.8% (7.39 to 24.7); and in Samoa it was 30.6% (26.8 to 35.0). For each specific disease within each country, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped for 2000 and 2017, although in PNG the 2017 estimates for all three STIs were below the 2000 estimates. These patterns were robust in the sensitivity analyses. Discussion: This study demonstrated a persistently high prevalence of three major bacterial STIs across four countries in WHO's Western Pacific Region during nearly two decades. Further strengthening of strategies to control and prevent STIs is warranted. Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women aged 15-49 years in four countries in the Pacific (Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia [FSM], Papua New Guinea [PNG] and Samoa) to inform surveillance and control strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: The Spectrum-STI model was fitted to data from prevalence surveys and screenings of adult female populations collected during 1995−2017 and adjusted for diagnostic test performance and to account for undersampled high-risk populations. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, data were further adjusted for age and differences between urban and rural areas. Results: Prevalence levels were estimated as a percentage (95% confidence interval). In 2017, active syphilis prevalence was estimated in Fiji at 3.89% (2.82 to 5.06), in FSM at 1.48% (0.93 to 2.16), in PNG at 3.91% (1.67 to 7.24) and in Samoa at 0.16% (0.07 to 0.37). For gonorrhoea, the prevalence in Fiji was 1.63% (0.50 to 3.87); in FSM it was 1.59% (0.49 to 3.58); in PNG it was 11.0% (7.25 to 16.1); and in Samoa it was 1.61% (1.17 to 2.19). The prevalence of chlamydia in Fiji was 24.1% (16.5 to 32.7); in FSM it was 23.9% (18.5 to 30.6); in PNG it was 14.8% (7.39 to 24.7); and in Samoa it was 30.6% (26.8 to 35.0). For each specific disease within each country, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped for 2000 and 2017, although in PNG the 2017 estimates for all three STIs were below the 2000 estimates. These patterns were robust in the sensitivity analyses. Discussion: This study demonstrated a persistently high prevalence of three major bacterial STIs across four countries in WHO's Western Pacific Region during nearly two decades. Further strengthening of strategies to control and prevent STIs is warranted.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Jul 1, 2003

We reviewed 47 prospective studies of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after cure to ass... more We reviewed 47 prospective studies of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after cure to assess the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and rifampin treatment. Multivariate regression revealed that the recurrence rate for HIV-uninfected persons increased with decreasing duration of therapy: it was 1.4 cases per 100 person-years for recipients of у7 months of rifampin therapy and 2.0 and 4.0 cases per 100 person-years for recipients of 5-6 and 2-3 months of rifampin therapy, respectively (trend P p), over a mean follow-up duration of 34 months, at a TB incidence of 250 cases per 100,000 person-.00014 years. Relative risks of recurrence associated with HIV infection at these 3 treatment durations were 2.2, 2.1, and 3.4, respectively, with a significant interaction between HIV infection status and treatment duration (). The recurrence rate increased with the background TB incidence (), and it decreased over P p .025 P p .048 time since completion of treatment in HIV-uninfected but not in HIV-infected patients (overall trend, P p ; difference by HIV infection status,). In countries where HIV infection is endemic, TB re-.00008 P p .025 currence may be reduced by administration of rifampin-based treatment for at least 6 months, in accordance with World Health Organization recommendations. Recent observations from countries where HIV infection and tuberculosis (TB) are endemic [1] suggest that rates of TB recurrence after completion of treatment may be unacceptably high in HIV-infected patients, even when the DOTS strategy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) [2] is followed. It is unknown whether the additional recurrences in HIVinfected patients reflect endogenous reactivation involving the original strain (i.e., true relapse), an increased risk of disease after exogenous reinfection with

PLOS ONE, Feb 27, 2019

Background In 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the global initiative to eliminat... more Background In 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the global initiative to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of syphilis (congenital syphilis, or CS). To assess progress towards the goal of <50 CS cases per 100,000 live births, we generated regional and global estimates of maternal and congenital syphilis for 2016 and updated the 2012 estimates. Methods Maternal syphilis estimates were generated using the Spectrum-STI model, fitted to sentinel surveys and routine testing of pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) and other representative population data. Global and regional estimates of CS used the same approach as previous WHO estimates. Results The estimated global maternal syphilis prevalence in 2016 was 0.69% (95% confidence interval: 0.57-0.81%) resulting in a global CS rate of 473 (385-561) per 100,000 live births and 661,000 (538,000-784,000) total CS cases, including 355,000 (290,000-419,000) adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and 306,000 (249,000-363,000) non-clinical CS cases (infants without clinical signs born to untreated mothers). The ABOs included 143,000 early fetal deaths and stillbirths, 61,000 neonatal deaths, 41,000 preterm or low-birth weight

Bulletin of The World Health Organization, Aug 1, 2011

AIDS, Mar 27, 2011

... Correspondence to Eline L. Korenromp, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria... more ... Correspondence to Eline L. Korenromp, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria,Chemin de Blandonnet 8, 1214 Vernier – Geneva, Switzerland ... 5. Hecht R, Stover J, Bollinger L, Muhib F, Case K, de Ferranti D. Financing of HIV/AIDS programme scale-up in low ...

Coverage values assumed in LiST and Spectrum-Malaria impact projections, for Coverage-standardize... more Coverage values assumed in LiST and Spectrum-Malaria impact projections, for Coverage-standardized variants of DR Congo and Zambia (XLSX 11 kb)

Additional file 3. Multivariate regression models predicting the ratio of Severe-to-Total inciden... more Additional file 3. Multivariate regression models predicting the ratio of Severe-to-Total incident malaria cases: coefficients and p-values.

Reductions in malaria and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up

Poster presentations, 2021

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Nutrition is integral to Sustainable Development 1.2 The MDG agenda is incomp... more 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Nutrition is integral to Sustainable Development 1.2 The MDG agenda is incomplete 1.3 The nutrition landscape has changed 1.4 Nutrition and the Sustainable Development Goals

Gates Open Research, 2021

Background: South Africa began offering medical male circumcision (MMC) in 2010. We evaluated the... more Background: South Africa began offering medical male circumcision (MMC) in 2010. We evaluated the current and future impact of this program to see if it is effective in preventing new HIV infections. Methods: The Thembisa, Goals and Epidemiological Modeling Software (EMOD) HIV transmission models were calibrated to South Africa’s HIV epidemic, fitting to household survey data on HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, and proportions of men circumcised, and to programmatic data on intervention roll-out including program-reported MMCs over 2009-2017. We compared the actual program accomplishments through 2017 and program targets through 2021 with a counterfactual scenario of no MMC program. Results: The MMC program averted 71,000-83,000 new HIV infections from 2010 to 2017. The future benefit of the circumcision already conducted will grow to 496,000-518,000 infections (6-7% of all new infections) by 2030. If program targets are met by 2021 the benefits will increase to 723,000-760,000 infec...

The Lancet Global Health, 2021

Background The WHO Global Health Sector Strategy aims to reduce worldwide syphilis incidence by 9... more Background The WHO Global Health Sector Strategy aims to reduce worldwide syphilis incidence by 90% between 2018 and 2030. If this goal is to be achieved, interventions that target high-burden groups, including men who have sex with men (MSM), will be required. However, there are no global prevalence estimates of syphilis among MSM to serve as a baseline for monitoring or modelling disease burden. We aimed to assess the global prevalence of syphilis among MSM using the available literature. Methods In this global systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and AIM databases, and Integrated Bio-Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) reports between April 23, 2019, and Feb 1, 2020, to identify studies done between Jan 1, 2000, and Feb 1, 2020, with syphilis point prevalence data measured by biological assay among MSM (defined as people who were assigned as male at birth and had oral or anal sex with at least one other man in their lifetime). Studies were excluded if participants were exclusively HIV-infected MSM, injectiondrug users, only seeking care for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or genital symptoms, or routine STI clinic attendees. Data were extracted onto standardised forms and cross-checked for accuracy and validity. We used random-effects models to generate pooled prevalence estimates across the eight regions of the Sustainable Development Goals. We calculated risk of study bias based on the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies, and stratified results based on low versus high risk of bias. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42019144594. Findings We reviewed 4339 records, 228 IBBS reports, and ten articles from other sources. Of these, 1301 duplicate records were excluded, 2467 records were excluded after title and abstract screening, and 534 articles were excluded after full-text analysis. We identified 345 prevalence data points from 275 studies across 77 countries, with a total of 606 232 participants. Global pooled prevalence from 2000-20 was 7•5% (95% CI 7•0-8•0%), ranging from 1•9% (1•0-3•1%) in Australia and New Zealand to 10•6% (8•5-12•9%) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Interpretation Unacceptably high syphilis prevalence among MSM warrants urgent action. Funding Wellcome Trust.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 2018

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.

The Lancet Global Health, 2021

Social Science Research Network, 2022

Western Pacific Surveillance and Response, Mar 31, 2020

Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and ... more Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women aged 15-49 years in four countries in the Pacific (Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia [FSM], Papua New Guinea [PNG] and Samoa) to inform surveillance and control strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: The Spectrum-STI model was fitted to data from prevalence surveys and screenings of adult female populations collected during 1995−2017 and adjusted for diagnostic test performance and to account for undersampled high-risk populations. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, data were further adjusted for age and differences between urban and rural areas. Results: Prevalence levels were estimated as a percentage (95% confidence interval). In 2017, active syphilis prevalence was estimated in Fiji at 3.89% (2.82 to 5.06), in FSM at 1.48% (0.93 to 2.16), in PNG at 3.91% (1.67 to 7.24) and in Samoa at 0.16% (0.07 to 0.37). For gonorrhoea, the prevalence in Fiji was 1.63% (0.50 to 3.87); in FSM it was 1.59% (0.49 to 3.58); in PNG it was 11.0% (7.25 to 16.1); and in Samoa it was 1.61% (1.17 to 2.19). The prevalence of chlamydia in Fiji was 24.1% (16.5 to 32.7); in FSM it was 23.9% (18.5 to 30.6); in PNG it was 14.8% (7.39 to 24.7); and in Samoa it was 30.6% (26.8 to 35.0). For each specific disease within each country, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped for 2000 and 2017, although in PNG the 2017 estimates for all three STIs were below the 2000 estimates. These patterns were robust in the sensitivity analyses. Discussion: This study demonstrated a persistently high prevalence of three major bacterial STIs across four countries in WHO's Western Pacific Region during nearly two decades. Further strengthening of strategies to control and prevent STIs is warranted. Objectives: To estimate prevalence levels of and time trends for active syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia in women aged 15-49 years in four countries in the Pacific (Fiji, the Federated States of Micronesia [FSM], Papua New Guinea [PNG] and Samoa) to inform surveillance and control strategies for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: The Spectrum-STI model was fitted to data from prevalence surveys and screenings of adult female populations collected during 1995−2017 and adjusted for diagnostic test performance and to account for undersampled high-risk populations. For chlamydia and gonorrhoea, data were further adjusted for age and differences between urban and rural areas. Results: Prevalence levels were estimated as a percentage (95% confidence interval). In 2017, active syphilis prevalence was estimated in Fiji at 3.89% (2.82 to 5.06), in FSM at 1.48% (0.93 to 2.16), in PNG at 3.91% (1.67 to 7.24) and in Samoa at 0.16% (0.07 to 0.37). For gonorrhoea, the prevalence in Fiji was 1.63% (0.50 to 3.87); in FSM it was 1.59% (0.49 to 3.58); in PNG it was 11.0% (7.25 to 16.1); and in Samoa it was 1.61% (1.17 to 2.19). The prevalence of chlamydia in Fiji was 24.1% (16.5 to 32.7); in FSM it was 23.9% (18.5 to 30.6); in PNG it was 14.8% (7.39 to 24.7); and in Samoa it was 30.6% (26.8 to 35.0). For each specific disease within each country, the 95% confidence intervals overlapped for 2000 and 2017, although in PNG the 2017 estimates for all three STIs were below the 2000 estimates. These patterns were robust in the sensitivity analyses. Discussion: This study demonstrated a persistently high prevalence of three major bacterial STIs across four countries in WHO's Western Pacific Region during nearly two decades. Further strengthening of strategies to control and prevent STIs is warranted.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Jul 1, 2003

We reviewed 47 prospective studies of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after cure to ass... more We reviewed 47 prospective studies of recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) after cure to assess the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and rifampin treatment. Multivariate regression revealed that the recurrence rate for HIV-uninfected persons increased with decreasing duration of therapy: it was 1.4 cases per 100 person-years for recipients of у7 months of rifampin therapy and 2.0 and 4.0 cases per 100 person-years for recipients of 5-6 and 2-3 months of rifampin therapy, respectively (trend P p), over a mean follow-up duration of 34 months, at a TB incidence of 250 cases per 100,000 person-.00014 years. Relative risks of recurrence associated with HIV infection at these 3 treatment durations were 2.2, 2.1, and 3.4, respectively, with a significant interaction between HIV infection status and treatment duration (). The recurrence rate increased with the background TB incidence (), and it decreased over P p .025 P p .048 time since completion of treatment in HIV-uninfected but not in HIV-infected patients (overall trend, P p ; difference by HIV infection status,). In countries where HIV infection is endemic, TB re-.00008 P p .025 currence may be reduced by administration of rifampin-based treatment for at least 6 months, in accordance with World Health Organization recommendations. Recent observations from countries where HIV infection and tuberculosis (TB) are endemic [1] suggest that rates of TB recurrence after completion of treatment may be unacceptably high in HIV-infected patients, even when the DOTS strategy recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) [2] is followed. It is unknown whether the additional recurrences in HIVinfected patients reflect endogenous reactivation involving the original strain (i.e., true relapse), an increased risk of disease after exogenous reinfection with

PLOS ONE, Feb 27, 2019

Background In 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the global initiative to eliminat... more Background In 2007 the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the global initiative to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of syphilis (congenital syphilis, or CS). To assess progress towards the goal of <50 CS cases per 100,000 live births, we generated regional and global estimates of maternal and congenital syphilis for 2016 and updated the 2012 estimates. Methods Maternal syphilis estimates were generated using the Spectrum-STI model, fitted to sentinel surveys and routine testing of pregnant women during antenatal care (ANC) and other representative population data. Global and regional estimates of CS used the same approach as previous WHO estimates. Results The estimated global maternal syphilis prevalence in 2016 was 0.69% (95% confidence interval: 0.57-0.81%) resulting in a global CS rate of 473 (385-561) per 100,000 live births and 661,000 (538,000-784,000) total CS cases, including 355,000 (290,000-419,000) adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and 306,000 (249,000-363,000) non-clinical CS cases (infants without clinical signs born to untreated mothers). The ABOs included 143,000 early fetal deaths and stillbirths, 61,000 neonatal deaths, 41,000 preterm or low-birth weight

Bulletin of The World Health Organization, Aug 1, 2011

AIDS, Mar 27, 2011

... Correspondence to Eline L. Korenromp, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria... more ... Correspondence to Eline L. Korenromp, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria,Chemin de Blandonnet 8, 1214 Vernier – Geneva, Switzerland ... 5. Hecht R, Stover J, Bollinger L, Muhib F, Case K, de Ferranti D. Financing of HIV/AIDS programme scale-up in low ...

Coverage values assumed in LiST and Spectrum-Malaria impact projections, for Coverage-standardize... more Coverage values assumed in LiST and Spectrum-Malaria impact projections, for Coverage-standardized variants of DR Congo and Zambia (XLSX 11 kb)

Additional file 3. Multivariate regression models predicting the ratio of Severe-to-Total inciden... more Additional file 3. Multivariate regression models predicting the ratio of Severe-to-Total incident malaria cases: coefficients and p-values.

Reductions in malaria and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up

Poster presentations, 2021

1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Nutrition is integral to Sustainable Development 1.2 The MDG agenda is incomp... more 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Nutrition is integral to Sustainable Development 1.2 The MDG agenda is incomplete 1.3 The nutrition landscape has changed 1.4 Nutrition and the Sustainable Development Goals

Gates Open Research, 2021

Background: South Africa began offering medical male circumcision (MMC) in 2010. We evaluated the... more Background: South Africa began offering medical male circumcision (MMC) in 2010. We evaluated the current and future impact of this program to see if it is effective in preventing new HIV infections. Methods: The Thembisa, Goals and Epidemiological Modeling Software (EMOD) HIV transmission models were calibrated to South Africa’s HIV epidemic, fitting to household survey data on HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, and proportions of men circumcised, and to programmatic data on intervention roll-out including program-reported MMCs over 2009-2017. We compared the actual program accomplishments through 2017 and program targets through 2021 with a counterfactual scenario of no MMC program. Results: The MMC program averted 71,000-83,000 new HIV infections from 2010 to 2017. The future benefit of the circumcision already conducted will grow to 496,000-518,000 infections (6-7% of all new infections) by 2030. If program targets are met by 2021 the benefits will increase to 723,000-760,000 infec...

The Lancet Global Health, 2021

Background The WHO Global Health Sector Strategy aims to reduce worldwide syphilis incidence by 9... more Background The WHO Global Health Sector Strategy aims to reduce worldwide syphilis incidence by 90% between 2018 and 2030. If this goal is to be achieved, interventions that target high-burden groups, including men who have sex with men (MSM), will be required. However, there are no global prevalence estimates of syphilis among MSM to serve as a baseline for monitoring or modelling disease burden. We aimed to assess the global prevalence of syphilis among MSM using the available literature. Methods In this global systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, and AIM databases, and Integrated Bio-Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) reports between April 23, 2019, and Feb 1, 2020, to identify studies done between Jan 1, 2000, and Feb 1, 2020, with syphilis point prevalence data measured by biological assay among MSM (defined as people who were assigned as male at birth and had oral or anal sex with at least one other man in their lifetime). Studies were excluded if participants were exclusively HIV-infected MSM, injectiondrug users, only seeking care for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or genital symptoms, or routine STI clinic attendees. Data were extracted onto standardised forms and cross-checked for accuracy and validity. We used random-effects models to generate pooled prevalence estimates across the eight regions of the Sustainable Development Goals. We calculated risk of study bias based on the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies, and stratified results based on low versus high risk of bias. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42019144594. Findings We reviewed 4339 records, 228 IBBS reports, and ten articles from other sources. Of these, 1301 duplicate records were excluded, 2467 records were excluded after title and abstract screening, and 534 articles were excluded after full-text analysis. We identified 345 prevalence data points from 275 studies across 77 countries, with a total of 606 232 participants. Global pooled prevalence from 2000-20 was 7•5% (95% CI 7•0-8•0%), ranging from 1•9% (1•0-3•1%) in Australia and New Zealand to 10•6% (8•5-12•9%) in Latin America and the Caribbean. Interpretation Unacceptably high syphilis prevalence among MSM warrants urgent action. Funding Wellcome Trust.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 2018

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-No... more This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.