ENUGU STATE - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ENUGU STATE

Account and Financial Management Journal, 2016

The study investigates the effect of Company Income Tax and Tertiary Education Tax on Nigeria Gro... more The study investigates the effect of Company Income Tax and Tertiary Education Tax on Nigeria Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Time series data were sourced from annual reports and accounts of sampled firms, Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, Nigeria Stock Exchange Fact book, Federal Inland Revenue Service website and related journals. The tool employed for test of hypotheses was the Simple regression technique. Relationship between the model variables (including the dependent variables) was tested using correlation analysis. The outcome of the analysis depicts that company income tax and tertiary education tax significantly affects Nigeria Gross Domestic Product. In terms of the relationship between the model variables, it was found that the independent variable relate strongly and significantly with Gross Domestic Product. In conclusion, the researcher concludes that company income tax and tertiary education tax, both are major determinants of the growth or otherwise of Gross Domestic Product in most developing countries such as Nigeria. Hence, the implication is that company income tax and tertiary education tax are good predictors of Gross Domestic Product. The three tiers of government: Federal, state and local authorities, must strive to improve their internally generated revenue through non-oil tax sources; judging by the outcome of data analysis.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2013

The capital market performs many roles that are critical for the growth and development of an eco... more The capital market performs many roles that are critical for the growth and development of an economy. Such roles include liquefying the economy, efficient allocation of resources, pooling of savings and reducing risk etc. There is paucity of capital in developing countries like Nigeria, thus the need to enhance the capital market. Despite the increased activities in the capital market, the real sectors of the economy are not feeling the impacts of these activities. The study was aimed at finding out whether the capital market has growth-inducing impact on the agriculture sector. The study employed co-integration techniques to achieve this purpose using time series data sourced from CBN bulletin from 1980-2012. The study found that capital market measures had statistically insignificant impact on agricultural output long run. This implies that despite the expanded activities in the Nigerian capital market over the years, there has not been any remarkable impact on the real sectors of the economy. On the basis of these findings some of these recommendations were proffered: removal of the impediments to the growth of agricultural sector; reduce the cost of doing business in Nigeria; there should be transparency in policy formulation and implementation etc.

International Journal of Education and Practice, 2015

The study examined digitization and its usage by academic libraries to preserve and facilitate ac... more The study examined digitization and its usage by academic libraries to preserve and facilitate access to information sources. Case study method of research was adopted. A total number of 250 questionnaire was used through the administration of questionnaires, one hundred and seventy five (175) questionnaires were properly completed and returned for analysis, this enable the researchers to arrive at the findings and to reach conclusion in the study. The study identified that digitization could be used as means to enhancing access by making available information to present and future users of the library. This was obtained from the data collected where it was shown that digitization make access to information resources easier as recorded in the responses of 113 (64.57%) obtained from the respondents. It was also established that digitization of library resources is highly relevant as recorded in the responses of 147 (84%). From the study only highly demanded books should be digitized in the library as responded by 67 (38.29%) from staff in the library, followed by other textbooks. The benefits of digitization in the library as a means of providing access to the materials in the library and the means of preservation as recorded from the responses of 93(53.14%) was established. The study established that digitization of information resources is relevant to library services as recorded in the responses of 147 (84%). Printed materials could only be designed for the use of one reader while digital materials could be accessed by thousands of readers simultaneously provided the equipment are put in place in the library.

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy, 2015

This paper examines the nexus between governments, human right organisations and electorates on e... more This paper examines the nexus between governments, human right organisations and electorates on elections in relation to economic development through human capacity building templates of society. The society problems, the complexities of business cycle and development that we face today, is leadership inability to handle democratic indices and draw a line between marginal utility and social value. The conflict line services of affluence that is measured on regressional competition is grossly taking over the political field and true democracy becoming unattainable feat in most economies of the world, and particularly in Nigeria. This finding reveals that most politicians think it is not necessary to learn the specific bases of power as they are meant to provide a sense of the variety and complexity of power, and not as an exhaustive list of its important sources. In developing countries it is of essence to make all political template in the field of play favourable to even development, so that, positive government actions permeate all channels in the process. This research examines the broad principles of all about politics especially, about the politics of democracies, like the United States, Britain, the State of Israel, and Italy, et cetera. The relationship between the Nigerian government, human right organisations, the electorate and social security and peace needs to be harmonised for secured tranquillity in our society. The findings of this study reveal that politics and economic development, elections, democracy, electorates and human right organisations has a nexus that cannot be overemphasised. This is because the growth of economy is dependent on how the indices of these compound templates are harmonised. According to Shively (2001), "Despite the complexity and elusiveness of power, we can say that all politics is based on some form of power and that its sources may be highly varied. For most practical applications of politics, however, it is not necessary to specify in detail exactly what sort of power is involved.

Management and Economics Research Journal, 2015

The article appraises the impact of e-banking and cashless society in the Nigerian economy. The s... more The article appraises the impact of e-banking and cashless society in the Nigerian economy. The study explores various aspects of e-banking and cashless economy using the banking sector of the Nigerian economy as a focal point. Specifically, the paper articulates empirical opinions that highlight the possible ways these policy measures have direct links to beneficiaries and the weighted outcomes when divergence is noticed and how to bring back the soundness, sustainable and rebranding policy that ensures economic growth. The paper holds that for a sustainable cashless society to emerge all hands must be on desk; banks should de-emphasize all odds and ensure that efficiencies of e-banking mechanisms are of utmost priority. It, therefore, recommends that adequate plans be in place to sensitize the general public about the effects and lay down procedures to check possible drawbacks. It, however, concludes by imploring all avenues and reports that relevant agency, service providers, ope...

The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 2015

Nigerian Universities are currently experiencing population explosion due to high demand of Unive... more Nigerian Universities are currently experiencing population explosion due to high demand of University education. An average of 20,000 students are admitted into 131 government and private universities in Nigeria yearly despite NUC restriction on carrying capacities. This suggests a population of well over 100,000 students in Nigerian universities. To properly handle this large number of students' population, the use of newer technologies such as Student Information Management System (SIMS) should be earnestly harness in the universities to keep record of student's data and its proper management. Consequently, academic staff and administrators need to be competent enough in the use of the growing number of newer technologies to address the administrative and instructional task for the proper management of information, decision-making, excellent teaching, research, and community service. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential benefits of SIMS, the current state of SIMS utilization in Nigerian Universities, the challenges face by the institutions in integrating SIMS for excellent delivery and strategies for proper SIMS integration by Nigerian Universities for the effective and efficient management of Nigerian educational system in a technological age. Furthermore, the paper recommends that all academic staff should be made to undergo courses in computer (instructional packages, management information system software, internet browsing etc.) to enhance the use of MIS facilities for professional development.

Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research, 2012

One of the central themes in postcolonial African philosophy is that of the relationship between ... more One of the central themes in postcolonial African philosophy is that of the relationship between tradition and African development. One of the fundamental questions relating to this is what should be the attitude of African to their traditional cultural heritage. Response to this question bifurcated African philosophy into two major orientations, that is the traditionalist and modernist orientations. This essay critically engage the attitude of these orientations to African traditions and Western cultural hegemony. I argue in the essay that both orientations demonstrate improper attitudes to African tradition because they treated tradition as product rather process that allows for change in the development process. If Africa would have to develop, whether in philosophical or socio-political terms, it needs no legitimation from the West. This however does not imply uncritical romaticisation of African cultural material. The Essay concludes by looking at how tradition can be put to good use.

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2014

Effects of heavy metals and initial buffering variations on phosphate solubilization of insoluble... more Effects of heavy metals and initial buffering variations on phosphate solubilization of insoluble phosphate were studied. Fourteen PSF obtained were quantitatively screened for phosphate solubilization. The best isolate in each rhizosphere were selected and subjected for further evaluation. The best two isolates were subjected to different buffering values and heavy metal concentrations. Results indicated that there were no significant differences between control of GF1 and 1ug/ml and control of PF7 upto 10 ug/ml copper concentrations. But the solubilization performances of each isolates in cadmium and zinc media indicated that there are significant differences between control and all the concentrations, except for GF1 were there was no significant differences (P˃0.05) between controls and 1ug/ml of cadmium. The results on pH variation showed that isolate GF1 and PF7 were able to solubilize insoluble phosphate at various initial pH levels, but isolate GF1 can be used as better phosphate solubilizers at extreme environmental stress condition..But since these two fungal isolates tested have shown some level of resistance to heavy metal tested, this may make them potential candidates for further investigations for bioremediation of polluted environment and even solubilization at heavy metal environment.

International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012

HIV and AIDS scourge has posed some serious threats to human existence. There was no cure for the... more HIV and AIDS scourge has posed some serious threats to human existence. There was no cure for the disease presently. Some researchers posit that the best option currently is comprehensive HIV and AIDS education. HIV and AIDS education is the use of information mechanisms to influence knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards healthier lifestyle. The design of the study was a quasi-experimental design. One research question and one null hypothesis guided the conduct of the study. 275 SS II students were used as sample for the study. 30-item structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The instrument was validated by three experts from University of Nigeria, Nsukka in the field of education. Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument which yielded 0.77 coefficient value. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research question. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to test the null hypothesis. The findings of the study includes: HIV and AIDS education has effects on the students' sexual knowledge. The interaction effects between HIV and AIDS education packages and the students was significant (p > 0.05). Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014

This article examines whether rotational Presidency has contributed towards reducing political co... more This article examines whether rotational Presidency has contributed towards reducing political corruption in Nigeria during the regimes of President Olusegun Obasanjo from 1999 to 2007 and President Umoru Musa Yar'Adua from 2007 to 2010. The article notes that political corruption was not reduced by rotational Presidency. Political corruption was at its highest ebb during the regimes under study. The paper contends that Nigeria's democracy especially the one that commenced from May 29, 1999 was born with persistent political corruption. The article suggested that a lot need to be done by the anti-corruption agencies like the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and the Independent and Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC). They should intensify their efforts and do their jobs without fear of favour, and people of proven integrity should always be appointed at the helm of affairs of these commissions, without any form of interference from the government of the day.

Iron smelting and its technology in Nigeria, particularly in South-Eastern Nigeria, had long gone... more Iron smelting and its technology in Nigeria, particularly in South-Eastern Nigeria, had long gone into oblivion. Most people seem not to recollect coherent information about it as people aver that the furnace walls and iron slag dotted across the zone grew out from the ground. What a crass show of ignorance! But pointers to the practice exist in so many areas in form of iron slag, broken pieces of tuyere and furnace walls, etc. One area in South-Eastern Nigeria that is replete with these clues even to an intimidating level is Nsukka area in Enugu State. The area, possibly due to its proximity to the University of Nigeria, Nsukka has been well researched on, archaeologically speaking, especially in the area of iron technology. However, one fascinating feature of this technology lies not only on the magnitude of these pointers but how its tangible aspects grade into the intangible cultural practices of the respective communities where they occur. Apart from the often touted military s...

Blends of ash solution and water-soaked bagasse with cow dung inoculum were studied for biogas pr... more Blends of ash solution and water-soaked bagasse with cow dung inoculum were studied for biogas production. Two sets of five biodigesters each of 50 kg capacity were used. The blends were respectively charged into the 50 kg metal prototype biodigesters in the ratio of 3:1 (water:waste). Proximate analyses as well as total solids, volatile solids, carbon content, and calorific value were conducted on the wastes while microbial level, pH and temperature were determined on the slurry. The wastes were subjected to anaerobic digestion for 35 days at mesophilic temperature range of 29 to 31°C. Relative humidity, ambient temperature, pH, slurry temperature, and volume of gas were monitored and recorded on daily basis. Cumulative biogas yields of all the ash solution treated bagasse blends were higher than those of the water-soaked blends by up to 400%. However, the blending of bagasse with cow dung did not improve the biogas yield of bagasse; instead, a steady state was established due to mutual inhibitions. Onset of gas flammability was observed on the 4th day for bagasse and its blends while for cow dung alone, it was observed on the 5th day. Key words: Bagasse, cow dung inoculum, ash solution treatment, anaerobic digestion, mutual inhibition.

businessjournalz.org

... to a variety of central topics in social science, including the relation of structure ... A g... more ... to a variety of central topics in social science, including the relation of structure ... A government primarily concerned with its own survival will not necessarily set up the ... ISBN-13: 9780582231603 Musgrave and Musgrave (2004), “Public Finance; Theory and Policy” McGraw: Indian ...

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014

This study analyzes the social welfare effect of gender inequality in human capital development (... more This study analyzes the social welfare effect of gender inequality in human capital development (education and employment) across rural and urban Nigeria. Using Nigeria most recent data set on labour force survey by NBS, which captures labour force participation by gender, gender unemployment by educational level and sector, gender schooling ratio, gender population growth rate and economic active participation by gender this study investigated how differently, gender inequality in education and employment affects women across rural and urban regions. To unravel this, we adopted Shorrock and Alkinson Generalized Lorenz approach to welfare dominance and inequality decomposition. We ranked gender inequality on education and employment by rural and urban. The major finding is that female unemployment by educational level is predominant in the urban sectors compared to the rural sectors. Other findings are that gender inequality is higher in labour force participation when compared with education in Nigeria. We therefore recommend that for Nigeria steady economic growth to translate positively to socioeconomic of her citizens, the war against gender inequality should go beyond sectoral or zone, it should be generally pursued. Also for the goals of the Transformation Agenda to be fully realised, the current situation of women must be factored into policy formulation and implementation.

Account and Financial Management Journal, 2016

The study investigates the effect of Company Income Tax and Tertiary Education Tax on Nigeria Gro... more The study investigates the effect of Company Income Tax and Tertiary Education Tax on Nigeria Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Time series data were sourced from annual reports and accounts of sampled firms, Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, Nigeria Stock Exchange Fact book, Federal Inland Revenue Service website and related journals. The tool employed for test of hypotheses was the Simple regression technique. Relationship between the model variables (including the dependent variables) was tested using correlation analysis. The outcome of the analysis depicts that company income tax and tertiary education tax significantly affects Nigeria Gross Domestic Product. In terms of the relationship between the model variables, it was found that the independent variable relate strongly and significantly with Gross Domestic Product. In conclusion, the researcher concludes that company income tax and tertiary education tax, both are major determinants of the growth or otherwise of Gross Domestic Product in most developing countries such as Nigeria. Hence, the implication is that company income tax and tertiary education tax are good predictors of Gross Domestic Product. The three tiers of government: Federal, state and local authorities, must strive to improve their internally generated revenue through non-oil tax sources; judging by the outcome of data analysis.

IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2013

The capital market performs many roles that are critical for the growth and development of an eco... more The capital market performs many roles that are critical for the growth and development of an economy. Such roles include liquefying the economy, efficient allocation of resources, pooling of savings and reducing risk etc. There is paucity of capital in developing countries like Nigeria, thus the need to enhance the capital market. Despite the increased activities in the capital market, the real sectors of the economy are not feeling the impacts of these activities. The study was aimed at finding out whether the capital market has growth-inducing impact on the agriculture sector. The study employed co-integration techniques to achieve this purpose using time series data sourced from CBN bulletin from 1980-2012. The study found that capital market measures had statistically insignificant impact on agricultural output long run. This implies that despite the expanded activities in the Nigerian capital market over the years, there has not been any remarkable impact on the real sectors of the economy. On the basis of these findings some of these recommendations were proffered: removal of the impediments to the growth of agricultural sector; reduce the cost of doing business in Nigeria; there should be transparency in policy formulation and implementation etc.

International Journal of Education and Practice, 2015

The study examined digitization and its usage by academic libraries to preserve and facilitate ac... more The study examined digitization and its usage by academic libraries to preserve and facilitate access to information sources. Case study method of research was adopted. A total number of 250 questionnaire was used through the administration of questionnaires, one hundred and seventy five (175) questionnaires were properly completed and returned for analysis, this enable the researchers to arrive at the findings and to reach conclusion in the study. The study identified that digitization could be used as means to enhancing access by making available information to present and future users of the library. This was obtained from the data collected where it was shown that digitization make access to information resources easier as recorded in the responses of 113 (64.57%) obtained from the respondents. It was also established that digitization of library resources is highly relevant as recorded in the responses of 147 (84%). From the study only highly demanded books should be digitized in the library as responded by 67 (38.29%) from staff in the library, followed by other textbooks. The benefits of digitization in the library as a means of providing access to the materials in the library and the means of preservation as recorded from the responses of 93(53.14%) was established. The study established that digitization of information resources is relevant to library services as recorded in the responses of 147 (84%). Printed materials could only be designed for the use of one reader while digital materials could be accessed by thousands of readers simultaneously provided the equipment are put in place in the library.

International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Policy, 2015

This paper examines the nexus between governments, human right organisations and electorates on e... more This paper examines the nexus between governments, human right organisations and electorates on elections in relation to economic development through human capacity building templates of society. The society problems, the complexities of business cycle and development that we face today, is leadership inability to handle democratic indices and draw a line between marginal utility and social value. The conflict line services of affluence that is measured on regressional competition is grossly taking over the political field and true democracy becoming unattainable feat in most economies of the world, and particularly in Nigeria. This finding reveals that most politicians think it is not necessary to learn the specific bases of power as they are meant to provide a sense of the variety and complexity of power, and not as an exhaustive list of its important sources. In developing countries it is of essence to make all political template in the field of play favourable to even development, so that, positive government actions permeate all channels in the process. This research examines the broad principles of all about politics especially, about the politics of democracies, like the United States, Britain, the State of Israel, and Italy, et cetera. The relationship between the Nigerian government, human right organisations, the electorate and social security and peace needs to be harmonised for secured tranquillity in our society. The findings of this study reveal that politics and economic development, elections, democracy, electorates and human right organisations has a nexus that cannot be overemphasised. This is because the growth of economy is dependent on how the indices of these compound templates are harmonised. According to Shively (2001), "Despite the complexity and elusiveness of power, we can say that all politics is based on some form of power and that its sources may be highly varied. For most practical applications of politics, however, it is not necessary to specify in detail exactly what sort of power is involved.

Management and Economics Research Journal, 2015

The article appraises the impact of e-banking and cashless society in the Nigerian economy. The s... more The article appraises the impact of e-banking and cashless society in the Nigerian economy. The study explores various aspects of e-banking and cashless economy using the banking sector of the Nigerian economy as a focal point. Specifically, the paper articulates empirical opinions that highlight the possible ways these policy measures have direct links to beneficiaries and the weighted outcomes when divergence is noticed and how to bring back the soundness, sustainable and rebranding policy that ensures economic growth. The paper holds that for a sustainable cashless society to emerge all hands must be on desk; banks should de-emphasize all odds and ensure that efficiencies of e-banking mechanisms are of utmost priority. It, therefore, recommends that adequate plans be in place to sensitize the general public about the effects and lay down procedures to check possible drawbacks. It, however, concludes by imploring all avenues and reports that relevant agency, service providers, ope...

The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 2015

Nigerian Universities are currently experiencing population explosion due to high demand of Unive... more Nigerian Universities are currently experiencing population explosion due to high demand of University education. An average of 20,000 students are admitted into 131 government and private universities in Nigeria yearly despite NUC restriction on carrying capacities. This suggests a population of well over 100,000 students in Nigerian universities. To properly handle this large number of students' population, the use of newer technologies such as Student Information Management System (SIMS) should be earnestly harness in the universities to keep record of student's data and its proper management. Consequently, academic staff and administrators need to be competent enough in the use of the growing number of newer technologies to address the administrative and instructional task for the proper management of information, decision-making, excellent teaching, research, and community service. The aim of this paper is to highlight the potential benefits of SIMS, the current state of SIMS utilization in Nigerian Universities, the challenges face by the institutions in integrating SIMS for excellent delivery and strategies for proper SIMS integration by Nigerian Universities for the effective and efficient management of Nigerian educational system in a technological age. Furthermore, the paper recommends that all academic staff should be made to undergo courses in computer (instructional packages, management information system software, internet browsing etc.) to enhance the use of MIS facilities for professional development.

Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research, 2012

One of the central themes in postcolonial African philosophy is that of the relationship between ... more One of the central themes in postcolonial African philosophy is that of the relationship between tradition and African development. One of the fundamental questions relating to this is what should be the attitude of African to their traditional cultural heritage. Response to this question bifurcated African philosophy into two major orientations, that is the traditionalist and modernist orientations. This essay critically engage the attitude of these orientations to African traditions and Western cultural hegemony. I argue in the essay that both orientations demonstrate improper attitudes to African tradition because they treated tradition as product rather process that allows for change in the development process. If Africa would have to develop, whether in philosophical or socio-political terms, it needs no legitimation from the West. This however does not imply uncritical romaticisation of African cultural material. The Essay concludes by looking at how tradition can be put to good use.

IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2014

Effects of heavy metals and initial buffering variations on phosphate solubilization of insoluble... more Effects of heavy metals and initial buffering variations on phosphate solubilization of insoluble phosphate were studied. Fourteen PSF obtained were quantitatively screened for phosphate solubilization. The best isolate in each rhizosphere were selected and subjected for further evaluation. The best two isolates were subjected to different buffering values and heavy metal concentrations. Results indicated that there were no significant differences between control of GF1 and 1ug/ml and control of PF7 upto 10 ug/ml copper concentrations. But the solubilization performances of each isolates in cadmium and zinc media indicated that there are significant differences between control and all the concentrations, except for GF1 were there was no significant differences (P˃0.05) between controls and 1ug/ml of cadmium. The results on pH variation showed that isolate GF1 and PF7 were able to solubilize insoluble phosphate at various initial pH levels, but isolate GF1 can be used as better phosphate solubilizers at extreme environmental stress condition..But since these two fungal isolates tested have shown some level of resistance to heavy metal tested, this may make them potential candidates for further investigations for bioremediation of polluted environment and even solubilization at heavy metal environment.

International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012

HIV and AIDS scourge has posed some serious threats to human existence. There was no cure for the... more HIV and AIDS scourge has posed some serious threats to human existence. There was no cure for the disease presently. Some researchers posit that the best option currently is comprehensive HIV and AIDS education. HIV and AIDS education is the use of information mechanisms to influence knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards healthier lifestyle. The design of the study was a quasi-experimental design. One research question and one null hypothesis guided the conduct of the study. 275 SS II students were used as sample for the study. 30-item structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The instrument was validated by three experts from University of Nigeria, Nsukka in the field of education. Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the instrument which yielded 0.77 coefficient value. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research question. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to test the null hypothesis. The findings of the study includes: HIV and AIDS education has effects on the students' sexual knowledge. The interaction effects between HIV and AIDS education packages and the students was significant (p > 0.05). Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014

This article examines whether rotational Presidency has contributed towards reducing political co... more This article examines whether rotational Presidency has contributed towards reducing political corruption in Nigeria during the regimes of President Olusegun Obasanjo from 1999 to 2007 and President Umoru Musa Yar'Adua from 2007 to 2010. The article notes that political corruption was not reduced by rotational Presidency. Political corruption was at its highest ebb during the regimes under study. The paper contends that Nigeria's democracy especially the one that commenced from May 29, 1999 was born with persistent political corruption. The article suggested that a lot need to be done by the anti-corruption agencies like the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) and the Independent and Corrupt Practices Commission (ICPC). They should intensify their efforts and do their jobs without fear of favour, and people of proven integrity should always be appointed at the helm of affairs of these commissions, without any form of interference from the government of the day.

Iron smelting and its technology in Nigeria, particularly in South-Eastern Nigeria, had long gone... more Iron smelting and its technology in Nigeria, particularly in South-Eastern Nigeria, had long gone into oblivion. Most people seem not to recollect coherent information about it as people aver that the furnace walls and iron slag dotted across the zone grew out from the ground. What a crass show of ignorance! But pointers to the practice exist in so many areas in form of iron slag, broken pieces of tuyere and furnace walls, etc. One area in South-Eastern Nigeria that is replete with these clues even to an intimidating level is Nsukka area in Enugu State. The area, possibly due to its proximity to the University of Nigeria, Nsukka has been well researched on, archaeologically speaking, especially in the area of iron technology. However, one fascinating feature of this technology lies not only on the magnitude of these pointers but how its tangible aspects grade into the intangible cultural practices of the respective communities where they occur. Apart from the often touted military s...

Blends of ash solution and water-soaked bagasse with cow dung inoculum were studied for biogas pr... more Blends of ash solution and water-soaked bagasse with cow dung inoculum were studied for biogas production. Two sets of five biodigesters each of 50 kg capacity were used. The blends were respectively charged into the 50 kg metal prototype biodigesters in the ratio of 3:1 (water:waste). Proximate analyses as well as total solids, volatile solids, carbon content, and calorific value were conducted on the wastes while microbial level, pH and temperature were determined on the slurry. The wastes were subjected to anaerobic digestion for 35 days at mesophilic temperature range of 29 to 31°C. Relative humidity, ambient temperature, pH, slurry temperature, and volume of gas were monitored and recorded on daily basis. Cumulative biogas yields of all the ash solution treated bagasse blends were higher than those of the water-soaked blends by up to 400%. However, the blending of bagasse with cow dung did not improve the biogas yield of bagasse; instead, a steady state was established due to mutual inhibitions. Onset of gas flammability was observed on the 4th day for bagasse and its blends while for cow dung alone, it was observed on the 5th day. Key words: Bagasse, cow dung inoculum, ash solution treatment, anaerobic digestion, mutual inhibition.

businessjournalz.org

... to a variety of central topics in social science, including the relation of structure ... A g... more ... to a variety of central topics in social science, including the relation of structure ... A government primarily concerned with its own survival will not necessarily set up the ... ISBN-13: 9780582231603 Musgrave and Musgrave (2004), “Public Finance; Theory and Policy” McGraw: Indian ...

IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2014

This study analyzes the social welfare effect of gender inequality in human capital development (... more This study analyzes the social welfare effect of gender inequality in human capital development (education and employment) across rural and urban Nigeria. Using Nigeria most recent data set on labour force survey by NBS, which captures labour force participation by gender, gender unemployment by educational level and sector, gender schooling ratio, gender population growth rate and economic active participation by gender this study investigated how differently, gender inequality in education and employment affects women across rural and urban regions. To unravel this, we adopted Shorrock and Alkinson Generalized Lorenz approach to welfare dominance and inequality decomposition. We ranked gender inequality on education and employment by rural and urban. The major finding is that female unemployment by educational level is predominant in the urban sectors compared to the rural sectors. Other findings are that gender inequality is higher in labour force participation when compared with education in Nigeria. We therefore recommend that for Nigeria steady economic growth to translate positively to socioeconomic of her citizens, the war against gender inequality should go beyond sectoral or zone, it should be generally pursued. Also for the goals of the Transformation Agenda to be fully realised, the current situation of women must be factored into policy formulation and implementation.