Frank Edens - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Frank Edens

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Limestone Particle Size and Potassium Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Physiology, and Breast Muscle Myopathy of Male Broiler Chickens

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Dec 15, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Involvement of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system in the maintenance of cellular redox status

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex® maintains small intestine integrity in reovirus-infected broiler chickens

Research paper thumbnail of Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

Research paper thumbnail of Modification of Corticosterone and Glucose Responses by Sympatholytic Agents in Young Chickens During Acute Heat Exposure

Poultry Science, 1976

In four experiments, immature Athens Randombred (ARB) chickens were maintained at a moderate temp... more In four experiments, immature Athens Randombred (ARB) chickens were maintained at a moderate temperature, (24 degrees C., 45% R.H.). In Exps. 1 and 2 reserpine was given intramuscularly (0.75 mg./kg.) 12 hours before the heating episode was begun; in Exp. 3, propranolol was given intravenously (4 mg./kg.) 2 hours before heating; and in Exp. 4, dihydroergotamine was given intramuscularly (4 mg./kg.) 6 hours before heating. Rserpine and propranolol elevated plasma corticosterone before the heating episode began, but dihydorergotamine did not. Reserpine also raised plasma glucose levels before heating, but propranolol and dihdroergotamine did not. During the heating episodes, plasma glucose and plasma corticosterone increased in non-drug-treated birds; the increases were then followed by significant declines. In birds treated with reserpine, propranolol, and dihydroergotamine, however, elevated plasma corticosterone was maintained throughout the period of heating. Propranolol and dihydroergotamine also stabilized plasma glucose at higher levels during heating, but reserpine permitted the late period decline similar to that of non-drug-treated birds. These results indicate an adrenal cortical insufficiency during heat stroke and death in young chickens.

Research paper thumbnail of Gender, Age and Reproductive Status Effects on Serum Prolactin Concentrations in Different Varieties and Species of Poultry

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Toxicity of Dietary Lead in Japanese Quail

Poultry Science, 1975

The toxicity of dietary lead in Japanese quail was investigated. The data indicated that dietary ... more The toxicity of dietary lead in Japanese quail was investigated. The data indicated that dietary lead, in the form of lead acetate, was toxic to young quail at the level of 500 p.p.m. and this toxicity was evidenced by an inhibition of normal growth and by anemia. The anemic state in the lead toxic quail was more readily detected by reduced blood hemoglobin concentrations than by packed cell volumes. In addition, the data suggested that lead interfered with normal sexual development in the males. Lead at levels as high as 1000 p.p.m. did not prevent normal primary antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes.

Research paper thumbnail of Corn-Expressed Phytase Influence on Broiler Growth Performance

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of a Reovirus from Poult Enteritis and Mortality Syndrome and Its Pathogenicity in Turkey Poults

Research paper thumbnail of Selenium yeast improves feathering rate of broilers reared in either conventional or cage environments

Poultry Science 78(Suppl, May 24, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Limestone particle size, calcium and phosphorus levels, and phytase effects on live performance and nutrients digestibility of broilers

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers

Journal of Animal Science, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex™, a source of organic selenium in selenised yeast protein, as a factor that influences meat quality

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 2016

Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to eff... more Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to effectively hold water. If this ability is diminished, then presentation at time of purchase is poorer, as the packaging fills with watery exudates (termed ‘drip loss’), which is detrimental to sales. In addition, these losses affect cooking and eating sensory qualities. It is known that antioxidants play a major role in ensuring robustness of the cell membrane in muscle, and within this, selenium (Se) plays a major part, being an essential component within an antioxidant enzyme system and its interaction with vitamin E within membranes. The following review examines the body of evidence for Se as an antioxidant to preserve water holding capacity, especially with reference to using a chemically organic form of the mineral which is akin to those forms found in natural feed materials.

Research paper thumbnail of Catecholamine- and endotoxin-influenced cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity in chickens

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of Magnesium, Calcium, and Phosphorus Content of Shells from Hatching and Nonhatching Turkey Eggs

Poultry Science, 1985

Shells of hatching and nonhatching Large White turkey eggs were examined for magnesium, calcium, ... more Shells of hatching and nonhatching Large White turkey eggs were examined for magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus content. Eggshells containing embryos that hatched contained significantly (P less than .05) more magnesium than shells from nonhatching eggs. No differences were seen in their calcium content. Eggshells from pipped eggs contained significantly (P less than .05) more phosphorus than shells from eggs that were not pipped or those that hatched. Calcium and magnesium in turkey eggshells declined as time in lay increased. Injections of exogenous magnesium both at setting and transfer significantly (P less than .05) depressed hatchability, whereas exogenous calcium injected at transfer significantly (P less than .05) improved hatchability. Injections of exogenous calcium at the time of setting significantly (P less than .05) depressed hatchability. It was concluded that the mineral content of turkey eggshells may influence embryo physiology and hatchability.

Research paper thumbnail of Water-Holding Properties of Thermally Preconditioned Chicken Breast and Leg Meat

Poultry Science, 1994

A study was conducted to examine the effects of thermal preconditioning on the water-holding prop... more A study was conducted to examine the effects of thermal preconditioning on the water-holding properties of chicken breast and leg meat. An initial experiment was performed by heat shocking (40 to 41 C for 1 h) and euthanatizing broilers at 3 to 6 wk of age. As seen commercially, heat caused higher drip loss, and the majority of this loss for breast (75 to 80%) and leg (90 to 100%) meat occurred within 3 d post-mortem. A second study with 6-wk-old broilers tested the following treatments: control (25 C), heat shock (40 to 41 C for 1 h), preconditioned control (3 consecutive d of exposure to 35 C for 3 h followed by a 21-h recovery between each exposure), and preconditioned (same as preconditioned control with an added heat shock on the final day). Thermal preconditioning did not circumvent the water-holding problems associated with heat shock. Meat from chickens exposed to heat lost significant amounts of drip during the crucial processing period--the first 6 h after death. In general, leg meat had lower drip loss and higher held water than breast, but cooked leg meat had lower held water. Treatment and meat type were significant (P < .05) in determining drip and cook loss. Preconditioned and heat shock breast meat appeared pale, soft, and exudative, similar to a condition found in pork. Thermal preconditioning does not prevent the loss in water-holding properties associated with heat.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Reserpine on Humoral Immune Responsiveness in Young Chickens

Poultry Science, 1975

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Limestone particle size, calcium and phosphorus levels, and phytase effects on live performance and nutrients digestibility of broilers

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers

Journal of Animal Science, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex™, a source of organic selenium in selenised yeast protein, as a factor that influences meat quality

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 2016

Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to eff... more Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to effectively hold water. If this ability is diminished, then presentation at time of purchase is poorer, as the packaging fills with watery exudates (termed ‘drip loss’), which is detrimental to sales. In addition, these losses affect cooking and eating sensory qualities. It is known that antioxidants play a major role in ensuring robustness of the cell membrane in muscle, and within this, selenium (Se) plays a major part, being an essential component within an antioxidant enzyme system and its interaction with vitamin E within membranes. The following review examines the body of evidence for Se as an antioxidant to preserve water holding capacity, especially with reference to using a chemically organic form of the mineral which is akin to those forms found in natural feed materials.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Limestone Particle Size and Potassium Supplementation on Growth Performance, Blood Physiology, and Breast Muscle Myopathy of Male Broiler Chickens

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Dec 15, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Involvement of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system in the maintenance of cellular redox status

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex® maintains small intestine integrity in reovirus-infected broiler chickens

Research paper thumbnail of Combining supervised machine learning with statistics reveals differential gene expression patterns related to energy metabolism in the jejuna of chickens divergently selected for antibody response to sheep red blood cells

Research paper thumbnail of Modification of Corticosterone and Glucose Responses by Sympatholytic Agents in Young Chickens During Acute Heat Exposure

Poultry Science, 1976

In four experiments, immature Athens Randombred (ARB) chickens were maintained at a moderate temp... more In four experiments, immature Athens Randombred (ARB) chickens were maintained at a moderate temperature, (24 degrees C., 45% R.H.). In Exps. 1 and 2 reserpine was given intramuscularly (0.75 mg./kg.) 12 hours before the heating episode was begun; in Exp. 3, propranolol was given intravenously (4 mg./kg.) 2 hours before heating; and in Exp. 4, dihydroergotamine was given intramuscularly (4 mg./kg.) 6 hours before heating. Rserpine and propranolol elevated plasma corticosterone before the heating episode began, but dihydorergotamine did not. Reserpine also raised plasma glucose levels before heating, but propranolol and dihdroergotamine did not. During the heating episodes, plasma glucose and plasma corticosterone increased in non-drug-treated birds; the increases were then followed by significant declines. In birds treated with reserpine, propranolol, and dihydroergotamine, however, elevated plasma corticosterone was maintained throughout the period of heating. Propranolol and dihydroergotamine also stabilized plasma glucose at higher levels during heating, but reserpine permitted the late period decline similar to that of non-drug-treated birds. These results indicate an adrenal cortical insufficiency during heat stroke and death in young chickens.

Research paper thumbnail of Gender, Age and Reproductive Status Effects on Serum Prolactin Concentrations in Different Varieties and Species of Poultry

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2011

Research paper thumbnail of Toxicity of Dietary Lead in Japanese Quail

Poultry Science, 1975

The toxicity of dietary lead in Japanese quail was investigated. The data indicated that dietary ... more The toxicity of dietary lead in Japanese quail was investigated. The data indicated that dietary lead, in the form of lead acetate, was toxic to young quail at the level of 500 p.p.m. and this toxicity was evidenced by an inhibition of normal growth and by anemia. The anemic state in the lead toxic quail was more readily detected by reduced blood hemoglobin concentrations than by packed cell volumes. In addition, the data suggested that lead interfered with normal sexual development in the males. Lead at levels as high as 1000 p.p.m. did not prevent normal primary antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes.

Research paper thumbnail of Corn-Expressed Phytase Influence on Broiler Growth Performance

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Isolation of a Reovirus from Poult Enteritis and Mortality Syndrome and Its Pathogenicity in Turkey Poults

Research paper thumbnail of Selenium yeast improves feathering rate of broilers reared in either conventional or cage environments

Poultry Science 78(Suppl, May 24, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Limestone particle size, calcium and phosphorus levels, and phytase effects on live performance and nutrients digestibility of broilers

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers

Journal of Animal Science, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex™, a source of organic selenium in selenised yeast protein, as a factor that influences meat quality

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 2016

Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to eff... more Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to effectively hold water. If this ability is diminished, then presentation at time of purchase is poorer, as the packaging fills with watery exudates (termed ‘drip loss’), which is detrimental to sales. In addition, these losses affect cooking and eating sensory qualities. It is known that antioxidants play a major role in ensuring robustness of the cell membrane in muscle, and within this, selenium (Se) plays a major part, being an essential component within an antioxidant enzyme system and its interaction with vitamin E within membranes. The following review examines the body of evidence for Se as an antioxidant to preserve water holding capacity, especially with reference to using a chemically organic form of the mineral which is akin to those forms found in natural feed materials.

Research paper thumbnail of Catecholamine- and endotoxin-influenced cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity in chickens

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 1991

Research paper thumbnail of Magnesium, Calcium, and Phosphorus Content of Shells from Hatching and Nonhatching Turkey Eggs

Poultry Science, 1985

Shells of hatching and nonhatching Large White turkey eggs were examined for magnesium, calcium, ... more Shells of hatching and nonhatching Large White turkey eggs were examined for magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus content. Eggshells containing embryos that hatched contained significantly (P less than .05) more magnesium than shells from nonhatching eggs. No differences were seen in their calcium content. Eggshells from pipped eggs contained significantly (P less than .05) more phosphorus than shells from eggs that were not pipped or those that hatched. Calcium and magnesium in turkey eggshells declined as time in lay increased. Injections of exogenous magnesium both at setting and transfer significantly (P less than .05) depressed hatchability, whereas exogenous calcium injected at transfer significantly (P less than .05) improved hatchability. Injections of exogenous calcium at the time of setting significantly (P less than .05) depressed hatchability. It was concluded that the mineral content of turkey eggshells may influence embryo physiology and hatchability.

Research paper thumbnail of Water-Holding Properties of Thermally Preconditioned Chicken Breast and Leg Meat

Poultry Science, 1994

A study was conducted to examine the effects of thermal preconditioning on the water-holding prop... more A study was conducted to examine the effects of thermal preconditioning on the water-holding properties of chicken breast and leg meat. An initial experiment was performed by heat shocking (40 to 41 C for 1 h) and euthanatizing broilers at 3 to 6 wk of age. As seen commercially, heat caused higher drip loss, and the majority of this loss for breast (75 to 80%) and leg (90 to 100%) meat occurred within 3 d post-mortem. A second study with 6-wk-old broilers tested the following treatments: control (25 C), heat shock (40 to 41 C for 1 h), preconditioned control (3 consecutive d of exposure to 35 C for 3 h followed by a 21-h recovery between each exposure), and preconditioned (same as preconditioned control with an added heat shock on the final day). Thermal preconditioning did not circumvent the water-holding problems associated with heat shock. Meat from chickens exposed to heat lost significant amounts of drip during the crucial processing period--the first 6 h after death. In general, leg meat had lower drip loss and higher held water than breast, but cooked leg meat had lower held water. Treatment and meat type were significant (P < .05) in determining drip and cook loss. Preconditioned and heat shock breast meat appeared pale, soft, and exudative, similar to a condition found in pork. Thermal preconditioning does not prevent the loss in water-holding properties associated with heat.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Reserpine on Humoral Immune Responsiveness in Young Chickens

Poultry Science, 1975

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Limestone particle size, calcium and phosphorus levels, and phytase effects on live performance and nutrients digestibility of broilers

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary copper effects on lipid metabolism and circulating catecholamine concentrations in finishing steers

Journal of Animal Science, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Sel-Plex™, a source of organic selenium in selenised yeast protein, as a factor that influences meat quality

Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition, 2016

Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to eff... more Summary The storage and cooking quality of meat is dictated by the ability of muscle cells to effectively hold water. If this ability is diminished, then presentation at time of purchase is poorer, as the packaging fills with watery exudates (termed ‘drip loss’), which is detrimental to sales. In addition, these losses affect cooking and eating sensory qualities. It is known that antioxidants play a major role in ensuring robustness of the cell membrane in muscle, and within this, selenium (Se) plays a major part, being an essential component within an antioxidant enzyme system and its interaction with vitamin E within membranes. The following review examines the body of evidence for Se as an antioxidant to preserve water holding capacity, especially with reference to using a chemically organic form of the mineral which is akin to those forms found in natural feed materials.