Eduardo Arcos - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Eduardo Arcos
ZEBRA batteries have demonstrated mature development, having reached almost 120 Wh/kg specific en... more ZEBRA batteries have demonstrated mature development, having reached almost 120 Wh/kg specific energy. On the other hand, specific power has a good figure, but needs to be improved for fast acceleration and good regenerative braking. With this purpose in mind, an ultra capacitor power system is being included in an EV that uses a high temperature Sodium-Nickel Chloride battery (ZEBRA). The ultra capacitor system has been connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a Buck-Boost type DC-DC converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controller. Special control algorithms are being programmed for such a purpose. The paper shows the implementation of the experimental vehicle with the location of all components, and some simulation of the vehicle operation. Previous experimental results with lead-acid batteries demonstrated excellent behavior and now, the tests with the ZEBRA battery are under way.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010
The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental el... more The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental electric vehicle (EV). These batteries are cheaper than Li-ion cells and have a comparable specific energy (in watt-hours per kilogram), but one important limitation is their poor specific power (in watts per kilogram). The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate experimentally that the combination of ZEBRA batteries and ultracapacitors (UCAPs) can solve the lack of specific power, allowing an excellent performance in both acceleration and regenerative braking in an EV. The UCAP system was connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a buck-boosttype dc-dc converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controllers. The vehicle uses a brushless dc motor with a nominal power of 32 kW and a peak power of 53 kW. The control system measures and stores the following parameters: battery voltage, car speed to adjust the energy stored in the UCAPs, instantaneous currents in both terminals (battery and UCAPs), and present voltage of the UCAP. The increase in range with UCAPs results in more than 16% in city tests, where the application of this type of vehicle is being oriented. The results also show that this alternative is cheaper than Li-ion powered electric cars.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics - IEEE TRANS IND ELECTRON, 2010
The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental el... more The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental electric vehicle (EV). These batteries are cheaper than Li-ion cells and have a comparable specific energy (in watt-hours per kilogram), but one important limitation is their poor specific power (in watts per kilogram). The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate experimentally that the combination of ZEBRA batteries and ultracapacitors (UCAPs) can solve the lack of specific power, allowing an excellent performance in both acceleration and regenerative braking in an EV. The UCAP system was connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a buck-boosttype dc-dc converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controllers. The vehicle uses a brushless dc motor with a nominal power of 32 kW and a peak power of 53 kW. The control system measures and stores the following parameters: battery voltage, car speed to adjust the energy stored in the UCAPs, instantaneous currents in both terminals (battery and UCAPs), and present voltage of the UCAP. The increase in range with UCAPs results in more than 16% in city tests, where the application of this type of vehicle is being oriented. The results also show that this alternative is cheaper than Li-ion powered electric cars.
ZEBRA batteries have demonstrated mature development, having reached almost 120 Wh/kg specific en... more ZEBRA batteries have demonstrated mature development, having reached almost 120 Wh/kg specific energy. On the other hand, specific power has a good figure, but needs to be improved for fast acceleration and good regenerative braking. With this purpose in mind, an ultra capacitor power system is being included in an EV that uses a high temperature Sodium-Nickel Chloride battery (ZEBRA). The ultra capacitor system has been connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a Buck-Boost type DC-DC converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controller. Special control algorithms are being programmed for such a purpose. The paper shows the implementation of the experimental vehicle with the location of all components, and some simulation of the vehicle operation. Previous experimental results with lead-acid batteries demonstrated excellent behavior and now, the tests with the ZEBRA battery are under way.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010
The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental el... more The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental electric vehicle (EV). These batteries are cheaper than Li-ion cells and have a comparable specific energy (in watt-hours per kilogram), but one important limitation is their poor specific power (in watts per kilogram). The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate experimentally that the combination of ZEBRA batteries and ultracapacitors (UCAPs) can solve the lack of specific power, allowing an excellent performance in both acceleration and regenerative braking in an EV. The UCAP system was connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a buck-boosttype dc-dc converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controllers. The vehicle uses a brushless dc motor with a nominal power of 32 kW and a peak power of 53 kW. The control system measures and stores the following parameters: battery voltage, car speed to adjust the energy stored in the UCAPs, instantaneous currents in both terminals (battery and UCAPs), and present voltage of the UCAP. The increase in range with UCAPs results in more than 16% in city tests, where the application of this type of vehicle is being oriented. The results also show that this alternative is cheaper than Li-ion powered electric cars.
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics - IEEE TRANS IND ELECTRON, 2010
The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental el... more The sodium-nickel chloride battery, commonly known as ZEBRA, has been used for an experimental electric vehicle (EV). These batteries are cheaper than Li-ion cells and have a comparable specific energy (in watt-hours per kilogram), but one important limitation is their poor specific power (in watts per kilogram). The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate experimentally that the combination of ZEBRA batteries and ultracapacitors (UCAPs) can solve the lack of specific power, allowing an excellent performance in both acceleration and regenerative braking in an EV. The UCAP system was connected to the ZEBRA battery and to the traction inverter through a buck-boosttype dc-dc converter, which manages the energy flow with the help of DSP controllers. The vehicle uses a brushless dc motor with a nominal power of 32 kW and a peak power of 53 kW. The control system measures and stores the following parameters: battery voltage, car speed to adjust the energy stored in the UCAPs, instantaneous currents in both terminals (battery and UCAPs), and present voltage of the UCAP. The increase in range with UCAPs results in more than 16% in city tests, where the application of this type of vehicle is being oriented. The results also show that this alternative is cheaper than Li-ion powered electric cars.