Edward Adelstein - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Edward Adelstein

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 1998

Abstract The efficacy of benzalkonium chloride was evaluated as an irrigating solution for the er... more Abstract The efficacy of benzalkonium chloride was evaluated as an irrigating solution for the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus from a contaminated orthopaedic wound. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into two groups. A stainless steel wire was placed ...

Clinical Chemistry, 1989

Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), an arachidonic acid metabolite released by neutrophils and macrophages, he... more Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), an arachidonic acid metabolite released by neutrophils and macrophages, helps regulate host immune response to antigenic stimulation. LTB4 affects the chemokinesis, aggregation, and enzyme release of neutrophils and stimulates activity of cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and suppressor T cells. LTB4 also has a positive affect on the margination of monocytes and macrophages in the lung in response to inflammatory stimuli. Cigarette smoking represents an inflammatory stimulus in the lung and affects (decreases) the in vitro release of LTB4 by alveolar, macrophages in comparison with that by alveolar macrophages of nonsmokers. By utilizing a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay we have detected LTB4 concentrations in serum from smokers and nonsmokers. Furthermore, our preliminary data show mean LTB4 concentrations in the serum of smokers to be nearly 60-fold greater than those in nonsmokers, 211 (SEM 35) vs 3.6 (SEM 1.5). Because systemic quantities of...

Immunology, 1974

The fine structural changes of passive transfer thyroiditis were observed in guinea-pigs injected... more The fine structural changes of passive transfer thyroiditis were observed in guinea-pigs injected intravenously with homologous anti-thyroglobulin serum. Eosinophils and mononuclear cells entered the interstitial area of the thyroid within 1 hour following the infusion of antisera. This cellular reaction reached its maximum intensity at 24 hours following antibody administration. Eosinophils were seen adjacent to and appeared to enter within the cytoplasm of the thyroid epithelial cells. Mononuclear cells ingest many of the eosinophils. Polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes were not present in significant numbers. Platelet aggregates were present in small blood vessels and endothelial cells showed increased pinocytotic activity during this period. This inflammatory reaction subsided rapidly and at 8 days the thyroid glands appeared histologically normal. Passive transfer thyroiditis produced by homologous antithyroglobulin antiserum appears to be an unique experimental model in which eosinophils play a very prominent role.

Carbohydrate Research, 1992

To determine the location of some sulfate esters on respiratory mucins, an unambiguous sequencing... more To determine the location of some sulfate esters on respiratory mucins, an unambiguous sequencing strategy was developed for a crude, monosulfated oligosaccharide fraction derived from tracheobronchial mucous glycoproteins, isolated from sputum from a patient with cystic fibrosis, and which possessed Ricinus communis-I lectin affinity. Employing fractionation by Bio-Gel P-2 chromatography and high-voltage paper electrophoresis of the pool, eighteen branched and four straight-chained monosulfated oligosaccharides, each possessing at least one neutral D-galactose residue at a nonreducing terminus, were purified. Desulfated analogs of each sulfated oligosaccharide were then produced. Elucidation of their structures and sulfate ester locations was accomplished through a parallel comparative sequencing approach for the sulfated oligosaccharide and its desulfated analog. The method was based on their carbohydrate composition and parallel analysis by sequential exoglycosidase degradations, endoglycosidase digestion, permethylation analyses, and specific lectin affinities. Key to this approach was the inability for specific exoglycosidases and lectins to cleave or bind to, respectively, carbohydrates of their specificity which occupied nonreducing termini and possessed a sulfate ester. Herein we report the structures of twenty-two novel sulfated oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides ranged from trisaccharides to heptasaccharides, were branched and unbranched, and each possessed a single sulfate ester on either C-6 of a terminal or an internal D-galactose residue or on C-6 of an internal residue of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine).

Surgical Neurology, 1996

BACKGROUND Tax01 is a diterpene alkaloid that stimulates tubulin production in cells. It may be e... more BACKGROUND Tax01 is a diterpene alkaloid that stimulates tubulin production in cells. It may be effective in preserving the cytoskeleton of spinal cord axons after injury. METHODS Thirty-nine rats were submitted to spinal cord compression. The animals were divided into three groups that received taxol (18.75 mg/m2>, methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg), or Caminopyridine (1 mg/kg). Tax01 was administered as one dose immediately after injury and two additional doses on days 14 and 21. Methylprednisolone was given as a single injection immediately postinjury. Four-aminopyridine was administered on days 25,26, and 27. A group of nine injured animals served as a control without any treatment. Evoked potentials were recorded before, during, and 4 weeks postinjury. Behavioral tests were measured to evaluate recovery of motor function. RESULTS The taxol and methylprednisolone-treated animals demonstrated a significant improvement in comparison with the control group. No functional improvement was found at 1 mg/kg treatment of 4-aminopyridine in rats. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that taxol and methylprednisolone given shortly after the compression injury improve functional outcome after an incomplete spinal cord injury.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1977

Ten of thirteen patients with positive histolatex agglutination titers of 1:32 or greater had no ... more Ten of thirteen patients with positive histolatex agglutination titers of 1:32 or greater had no evidence of acute histoplasmosis.Three of these false positives had rheumatoid arthritis. A fourth had a rising mycoplasma complement fixation titer, and the fifth had a high titer of cold agglutinins. All of these are associated with abnormal immunoglobulin M production. To evaluate the role of rheumatoid factor in producing false positive histolatex agglutination, the histolatex test was performed on sera from 32 patients having rheumatoid factor at a titer of 1:40 or greater. Four of these sera agglutinated the histoplasmin-coated latex particles at titers of 1:32 or greater. Review of clinical records suggests the this reactivity is nonspecific. It is our purpose to call attention to rheumatoic factor as a cause of false positive histolatex agglutination.

American journal of surgery, 1994

Breast cancer diagnosed within 1 year of a negative annual screening examination is called interv... more Breast cancer diagnosed within 1 year of a negative annual screening examination is called interval breast cancer (IBC) and is considered to be a more virulent subtype of disease. We reviewed clinical data on 24 women who were diagnosed as having IBC while participating in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project at Ellis Fischel Cancer Hospital and the Women's Cancer Control Program screening project in Columbia, Missouri, between 1974 and 1992. We reinterpreted mammograms from the visit prior to the diagnosis of IBC for possible misdiagnosis, changes suggestive of malignancy, and Wolfe's patterns. Archival paraffin blocks from 19 patients were used to determine qualitative expression of tumor markers. Observed 5-, 8-, and 10-year survival rates were identical to published data for patients with non-IBC. Seventy-four percent of the mammograms evidenced dysplastic Wolfe's patterns (P2 and DY), and one patient was found retrospectively to have shown evidence of c...

Cancer research, 1976

Splenic lymphocytes derived from Walker carcinoma-bearing rats were harvested and incubated with ... more Splenic lymphocytes derived from Walker carcinoma-bearing rats were harvested and incubated with Walker carcinoma cells growing in tissue culture. The sequence of events leading to target cell death was studied by phase microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The sensitized lymphocytes adhere to the tumor cells by multiple cytoplasmic appendages, but no ultrastructural changes are seen at this interface. After 1 hr these lymphocytes release cytoplasmic components consisting of membrane-lined vesicles, cell membranes, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoplasmic material. This material adheres closely to the surface of the tumor cells and is subsequently seen within the cytoplasm of the tumor cell. The tumor cells then undergo degenerative changes and cell death occurs in 24 to 36 hr. The lymphocyte-derived material appears to contain immunoglobulin components as determined by specific ferritin labeling.

The Laryngoscope, 1978

Peripheral lymphocytes from 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lead and neck were in... more Peripheral lymphocytes from 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lead and neck were incubated with autologous tumor explants. Four of the 12 patients demonstrated lymphocyte induced tumor cytotoxicity. These lymphocytes adhered to the tumor cells and deposited a radioactive label from their surface onto tumor cells. The deposition of this label was associated with tumor death. Tissue sections from those patients who demonstrated lymphocyte cytotoxicity showed a marked plasmacytic infiltration. This was in contrast to non-responders where only a desmoplastic tissue response was observed with few inflammatory cells.

Ophthalmology, 1987

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was injected subconjunctivally in nine human eyes one week before tr... more Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was injected subconjunctivally in nine human eyes one week before trabeculectomy. A biopsy specimen of conjunctiva and subconjunctiva was obtained from the site of drug injection, as well as a site 6 mm from the injection at the time of trabeculectomy. The tissue was evaluated by electron microscopy. TA was similarly injected subconjunctivally in ten normal rabbit eyes. For control purposes, six eyes were injected with the vehicle. Five animals were euthanized at one and two weeks post-injection and subconjunctival biopsy specimens from the drug site, at the margin of the drug site, and 180 0 away from the drug site were subsequently examined by light and electron microscopy. At the drug site in both humans and rabbits, the subconjunctival fibroblasts were necrotic, the collagen fibers were altered in appearance, and there was infiltration of macrophages. The control site was unremarkable. These local morphologic changes may explain, in part, the mechanism(s) of action of injected T A.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 1982

A 4 mo old previously healthy child presented with acute appendicitis. Although not recognized at... more A 4 mo old previously healthy child presented with acute appendicitis. Although not recognized at the time, the histologic sections were typical of the goblet cell excess of cystic fibrosis. Only 18 mo later was cystic fibrosis diagnosed by sweat test following additional symptoms.

Journal of Neurosurgery, 1980

✓ This is a report of an atypical fibrous histiocytoma in the skull of an infant, who at the age ... more ✓ This is a report of an atypical fibrous histiocytoma in the skull of an infant, who at the age of 3 months was noted to have a “lump” beneath the scalp in the right parietal region. It was about 2 cm in diameter, and the scalp was movable over it. Physical examination was otherwise normal. Radiographs showed erosion of the skull deep to the palpable mass. At operation a neoplasm was found, which had destroyed the bone and invaded the adjacent temporal muscle and dura mater. The tumor was removed en bloc after the surrounding bone had been excised. Histological examination using light and electron microscopy revealed the tumor to be an atypical fibrous histiocytoma. Radiation therapy was not given. There has been no recurrence for 7 years.

Journal of the …, 1964

1. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1964 Dec 15;145:1189-97. CLINICAL RECORDS SYSTEMS AND DATA RETRIEVAL FUNCT... more 1. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1964 Dec 15;145:1189-97. CLINICAL RECORDS SYSTEMS AND DATA RETRIEVAL FUNCTION IN VETERINARY MEDICINE: A PROPOSAL FOR SYSTEMATIC DATA PROGRAMMING. TJALMA RA, PRIESTER WA, ADELSTEIN EH, ZWAAG RV. ...

Archives of Ophthalmology, 1986

Trabeculectomies were performed on 15 eyes because of uncontrolled glaucoma despite the maximum u... more Trabeculectomies were performed on 15 eyes because of uncontrolled glaucoma despite the maximum use of tolerated antiglaucoma medication. We considered all of these eyes to be at increased risk for episcleral cicatricial closure for one of the following reasons: neonatal glaucoma, a patient of age 40 years or less, previously failed glaucoma filtration surgery, or aphakia. A standard operation was performed except that triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) was injected subconjunctivally at the intended trabeculectomy site one week before surgery in 12 eyes, the day of surgery in two eyes, and two days prior to surgery in one eye. During the follow-up period of six to 16 months, 14 of 15 eyes had an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 18 mm Hg or less. The average IOP for these 14 eyes was 12.4 +/- 4.6 (mean +/- 1 SD), and only three of the 14 required any antiglaucoma medication. One eye was a surgical failure. All eyes with controlled IOP had diffuse microcystic filtration blebs by slitlamp examination. The postoperative visual acuity was within one line of the preoperative level in all eyes, except for the one failure. The use of triamcinolone did not appear to add any additional risks to the surgical procedure or to the postoperative period.

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2000

ABSTRACT We report a rare case of cerebral infarct resulting in brain death due to heparin-induce... more ABSTRACT We report a rare case of cerebral infarct resulting in brain death due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia thrombosis (HITT), manifested in the immediate postoperative period following aortic valve replacement in a 46-year-old woman whose only prior exposure to heparin was during catheterization four months prior to surgery. The diagnosis of HITT was suspected after a significant decrease of the platelet count and it was confirmed by a heparin-induced platelet activation assay showing platelet aggregation in the presence of heparin.