Edward Vidgen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Edward Vidgen

Research paper thumbnail of Lipid and apolipoprotein predictors of progression from asymptomatic state or impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetologia Croatica, 2010

... MS, metabolic syndrome • IR, insulin resistance • ISI, insulin sensitivity index • OGTT, oral... more ... MS, metabolic syndrome • IR, insulin resistance • ISI, insulin sensitivity index • OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test • WHR, waist-to-hip ratio • BMI ... Oklahoma City, USA; 3 Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; 4 Vuk Vrhovac Institute ...

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary pulses alone or as part of high-fibre diets and glycemic control: a review of the clinical evidence

Research paper thumbnail of Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial

Diabetologia, May 23, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of a Pre-Load Meal Containing Resistant Starch on SpontaneousFood Intake and Glucose and Insulin Responses

Journal of Food Technology, Feb 1, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Almonds Decrease Postprandial Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Oxidative Damage in Healthy Individuals

Journal of Nutrition, Dec 1, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Background: Components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system have been associated with s... more Background: Components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system have been associated with several cancers, but very few studies are available for ovarian cancer. Methods: A case-control study conducted between 1999 and 2003 in Italy, including a total of 59 women with incident, histologically confirmed ovarian cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network as cases, for acute non-neoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, the multivariate odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were 0.6 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.2–1.4) for free IGF-I, 0.4 (CI: 0.1–1.5) for total IGF-I, 2.6 (CI: 0.9–6.9) for IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1, and 0.2 (CI: 0.0–0.6) for IGFBP-3. Conclusions: This study suggests a protective role of IGFBP-3 and a positive association of IGFBP-1 with ovarian cancer. The complex role of the IGF system in ovarian carcinogenesis deserves further clarification.

Research paper thumbnail of Correction to: Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial

Diabetologia, Jan 8, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of dietary pulses on glycaemic control in people with without diabetes: Meta-analyses metaregression models of experimental randomized trials

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 2009

aims: Because of the high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes,... more aims: Because of the high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes, clinical practice guidelines recommend screening with an OGTT between 6 weeks and 6 months after delivery for women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends over time in post-partum screening for diabetes after gestational diabetes. Methods: The study used administrative data sources that provide detailed information on the health care utilisation of all residents of the Canadian province of Ontario (population=12 million). All women aged 17 to 49 without pre-existing diabetes who delivered between April 1994 and March 2008 were identified. Each woman who had gestational diabetes was matched with one who did not on age, region and year/quarter of delivery. For each year/quarter and for each group, the frequency of OGTTs and of any test that might be used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (i.e., OGTT, fasting glucose, random glucose or A1c) was determined up to 6 months post-partum. results: Screening with OGTTs after pregnancy with gestational diabetes increased from between 4 and 7% of pregnancies per year/quarter at the beginning of the study to between 13 and 17% of pregnancies at the end. This markedly exceeded the secular trend seen after pregnancies without gestational diabetes, where screening frequency increased from between 0 and 0.3% of pregnancies at the beginning to between 0.3 and 0.6% of pregnancies at the end. The use of any potential test that might diagnose type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes increased from between 26 and 28% of pregnancies at the beginning of the study period to between 35 and 40% of pregnancies at the end. conclusion: Although an increasing number of women with pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes were receiving OGTTs post-partum, the overwhelming majority of women were not receiving these tests. Even when considering a variety of tests that might have been used to diagnose type 2 diabetes, fewer than 40% of women with gestational diabetes were tested. This finding of inadequate screening in a high-risk population suggests that a large number of women of child-bearing age with type 2 diabetes remain undiagnosed.

Research paper thumbnail of Maltese Canadian diabetes survey

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Sep 1, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:7 Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol lowering foods on blood pressure

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Long Term Effectiveness of A Dietary Portfolio of Cholesterol‐Lowering Foods in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects

The FASEB Journal, Mar 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, ob... more Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and endometrial cancer risk. We used data from a case-control study conducted in Italy to provide additional information on the relation between the IGF system and endometrial cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted between 1999 and 2002 in Italy, including a total of 73 women with incident, histologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network for acute, nonneoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The odds ratios for endometrial cancer comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were as follows: 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–1.2] for free IGF-I, 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.6) for total IGF-I, 1.2 (95% CI 0.6–2.6) for total IGF-II, 2.4 (95% CI 1.0–5.9) for IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and 0.8 (95% CI 0.4–2.0) for IGFBP-3. Further allowance for all IGF components in the model did not modify the results. The direct relation with IGFBP-1 was stronger and limited to heavier and older women. Conclusions: The present findings suggest a limited effect of the IGF system on endometrial cancer risk. Increasing IGFBP-1 levels seem to be associated with endometrial cancer risk in older women and in women with a higher body mass index.

Research paper thumbnail of Physiological Effects of Resistant Starches on Fecal Bulk, Short Chain Fatty Acids, Blood Lipids and Glycemic Index

Journal of The American College of Nutrition, Dec 1, 1998

To assess the effects on fecal bulking, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, blood lip... more To assess the effects on fecal bulking, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, blood lipids and glycemic indices of two different forms of resistant starch (RS2 and RS3) from a high-amylose cornstarch. Twenty-four healthy subjects (12 men; 12 women) consumed four supplements taken for 2 weeks in random order separated by 2-week washout periods. The supplements were a low-fiber (control) and supplements providing an additional 30 g dietary fiber as wheat bran (high-fiber control) or the equivalent amount of resistant starch analyzed gravimetrically as dietary fiber from RS2 or RS3. Four-day fecal collections and 12-hour breath gas collections were obtained at the end of each period. Fasting blood was taken at the beginning and end of each period. Glycemic indices of supplements were also assessed. The wheat bran supplement increased fecal bulk 96+/-14 g/day compared with the low-fiber control (p<0.001) with the mean for both resistant starches also being greater (22+/-8 g/day) than the low-fiber control (p=0.013). On the resistant starch phases, the mean fecal butyrate:SCFA ratio, which has been suggested to have positive implications for colonic health, was significantly above the low-fiber control by 31+/-14% (p=0.035). Resistant starches did not alter serum lipids, urea or breath H2 or CH4. No significant differences in glycemic index were seen between the RS and control supplements. The potential physiological benefits of the resistant starches studied appear to relate to colonic health in terms of effects on fecal bulk and SCFA metabolism.

Research paper thumbnail of RESEARCH Open Access

Consumption of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol blood lipids without Conclusion: Results demons... more Consumption of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol blood lipids without Conclusion: Results demonstrate that consuming a portfolio diet reduces serum total and LDL-C levels while Ramprasath et al. Nutrition Journal 2014, 13:101

Research paper thumbnail of NutsasaReplaceme nt forCarbohydrates in the Diabetic Diet

OBJECTIVE—Fatintake,especiallymonounsaturatedfattyacid(MUFA),hasbeenliberalizedindiabeticdietstop... more OBJECTIVE—Fatintake,especiallymonounsaturatedfattyacid(MUFA),hasbeenliberalizedindiabeticdietstopreserveHDLcholesterolandimproveglycemiccontrol,yettheexactsourceshave not been clearly defined. Therefore, we assessed the effect of mixed nut consumption as asource of vegetable fat on serum lipids and HbA

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:7 Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol lowering foods on blood pressure

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:1 The portfolio diet: The role of vegetable protein and other dietary components in hypercholesterolemia

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of The glycemic effect of nut-enriched meals in healthy and diabetic subjects

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2011

The intake of nuts has been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes... more The intake of nuts has been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes in large cohort studies. One potential contributing mechanism may be the ability of nuts to improve post-meal glycemic response. We, therefore, examined the effect of nuts alone and in combination with white bread on postprandial glycemia. 30, 60 and 90 g (approximately 1, 2 and 3 ounces) of mixed nuts were consumed with and without 50 g available carbohydrate from white bread by 10-14 normoglycemic and 5-10 type 2 diabetic subjects. Glycemic response (GR) was assessed by calculating the incremental area under the 2 h blood glucose curve. All three doses of mixed nuts, when fed alone, significantly reduced the glycemic response in both normoglycemic and diabetic patients. Furthermore, in the normoglycemic subjects, adding nuts to white bread progressively reduced the GR of the meal by 11.2 ± 11.6%, 29.7 ± 12.2% and 53.5 ± 8.5% for the 30, 60, and 90 g doses (P = 0.354, P = 0.031 and P &...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of a Pre-Load Meal Containing Resistant Starch on SpontaneousFood Intake and Glucose and Insulin Responses

Journal of Food Technology, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, ob... more Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and endometrial cancer risk. We used data from a case-control study conducted in Italy to provide additional information on the relation between the IGF system and endometrial cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted between 1999 and 2002 in Italy, including a total of 73 women with incident, histologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network for acute, nonneoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The odds ratios for endometrial cancer comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were as follows: 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–1.2] for free IGF-I, 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.6) for total IGF-I, 1.2 (95% CI 0.6–2.6) for total IGF-II, 2.4 (95% CI 1.0–5.9) for IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and 0.8 (95% CI 0.4–2.0) for IGFBP...

Research paper thumbnail of Lipid and apolipoprotein predictors of progression from asymptomatic state or impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetologia Croatica, 2010

... MS, metabolic syndrome • IR, insulin resistance • ISI, insulin sensitivity index • OGTT, oral... more ... MS, metabolic syndrome • IR, insulin resistance • ISI, insulin sensitivity index • OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test • WHR, waist-to-hip ratio • BMI ... Oklahoma City, USA; 3 Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; 4 Vuk Vrhovac Institute ...

Research paper thumbnail of Dietary pulses alone or as part of high-fibre diets and glycemic control: a review of the clinical evidence

Research paper thumbnail of Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial

Diabetologia, May 23, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of a Pre-Load Meal Containing Resistant Starch on SpontaneousFood Intake and Glucose and Insulin Responses

Journal of Food Technology, Feb 1, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Almonds Decrease Postprandial Glycemia, Insulinemia, and Oxidative Damage in Healthy Individuals

Journal of Nutrition, Dec 1, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Background: Components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system have been associated with s... more Background: Components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system have been associated with several cancers, but very few studies are available for ovarian cancer. Methods: A case-control study conducted between 1999 and 2003 in Italy, including a total of 59 women with incident, histologically confirmed ovarian cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network as cases, for acute non-neoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, the multivariate odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were 0.6 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.2–1.4) for free IGF-I, 0.4 (CI: 0.1–1.5) for total IGF-I, 2.6 (CI: 0.9–6.9) for IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1, and 0.2 (CI: 0.0–0.6) for IGFBP-3. Conclusions: This study suggests a protective role of IGFBP-3 and a positive association of IGFBP-1 with ovarian cancer. The complex role of the IGF system in ovarian carcinogenesis deserves further clarification.

Research paper thumbnail of Correction to: Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet: a reanalysis of a randomised controlled trial

Diabetologia, Jan 8, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of dietary pulses on glycaemic control in people with without diabetes: Meta-analyses metaregression models of experimental randomized trials

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 2009

aims: Because of the high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes,... more aims: Because of the high risk for the development of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes, clinical practice guidelines recommend screening with an OGTT between 6 weeks and 6 months after delivery for women who had gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate trends over time in post-partum screening for diabetes after gestational diabetes. Methods: The study used administrative data sources that provide detailed information on the health care utilisation of all residents of the Canadian province of Ontario (population=12 million). All women aged 17 to 49 without pre-existing diabetes who delivered between April 1994 and March 2008 were identified. Each woman who had gestational diabetes was matched with one who did not on age, region and year/quarter of delivery. For each year/quarter and for each group, the frequency of OGTTs and of any test that might be used to diagnose type 2 diabetes (i.e., OGTT, fasting glucose, random glucose or A1c) was determined up to 6 months post-partum. results: Screening with OGTTs after pregnancy with gestational diabetes increased from between 4 and 7% of pregnancies per year/quarter at the beginning of the study to between 13 and 17% of pregnancies at the end. This markedly exceeded the secular trend seen after pregnancies without gestational diabetes, where screening frequency increased from between 0 and 0.3% of pregnancies at the beginning to between 0.3 and 0.6% of pregnancies at the end. The use of any potential test that might diagnose type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes increased from between 26 and 28% of pregnancies at the beginning of the study period to between 35 and 40% of pregnancies at the end. conclusion: Although an increasing number of women with pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes were receiving OGTTs post-partum, the overwhelming majority of women were not receiving these tests. Even when considering a variety of tests that might have been used to diagnose type 2 diabetes, fewer than 40% of women with gestational diabetes were tested. This finding of inadequate screening in a high-risk population suggests that a large number of women of child-bearing age with type 2 diabetes remain undiagnosed.

Research paper thumbnail of Maltese Canadian diabetes survey

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Sep 1, 2000

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:7 Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol lowering foods on blood pressure

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Long Term Effectiveness of A Dietary Portfolio of Cholesterol‐Lowering Foods in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects

The FASEB Journal, Mar 1, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, ob... more Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and endometrial cancer risk. We used data from a case-control study conducted in Italy to provide additional information on the relation between the IGF system and endometrial cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted between 1999 and 2002 in Italy, including a total of 73 women with incident, histologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network for acute, nonneoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The odds ratios for endometrial cancer comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were as follows: 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–1.2] for free IGF-I, 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.6) for total IGF-I, 1.2 (95% CI 0.6–2.6) for total IGF-II, 2.4 (95% CI 1.0–5.9) for IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and 0.8 (95% CI 0.4–2.0) for IGFBP-3. Further allowance for all IGF components in the model did not modify the results. The direct relation with IGFBP-1 was stronger and limited to heavier and older women. Conclusions: The present findings suggest a limited effect of the IGF system on endometrial cancer risk. Increasing IGFBP-1 levels seem to be associated with endometrial cancer risk in older women and in women with a higher body mass index.

Research paper thumbnail of Physiological Effects of Resistant Starches on Fecal Bulk, Short Chain Fatty Acids, Blood Lipids and Glycemic Index

Journal of The American College of Nutrition, Dec 1, 1998

To assess the effects on fecal bulking, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, blood lip... more To assess the effects on fecal bulking, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, blood lipids and glycemic indices of two different forms of resistant starch (RS2 and RS3) from a high-amylose cornstarch. Twenty-four healthy subjects (12 men; 12 women) consumed four supplements taken for 2 weeks in random order separated by 2-week washout periods. The supplements were a low-fiber (control) and supplements providing an additional 30 g dietary fiber as wheat bran (high-fiber control) or the equivalent amount of resistant starch analyzed gravimetrically as dietary fiber from RS2 or RS3. Four-day fecal collections and 12-hour breath gas collections were obtained at the end of each period. Fasting blood was taken at the beginning and end of each period. Glycemic indices of supplements were also assessed. The wheat bran supplement increased fecal bulk 96+/-14 g/day compared with the low-fiber control (p<0.001) with the mean for both resistant starches also being greater (22+/-8 g/day) than the low-fiber control (p=0.013). On the resistant starch phases, the mean fecal butyrate:SCFA ratio, which has been suggested to have positive implications for colonic health, was significantly above the low-fiber control by 31+/-14% (p=0.035). Resistant starches did not alter serum lipids, urea or breath H2 or CH4. No significant differences in glycemic index were seen between the RS and control supplements. The potential physiological benefits of the resistant starches studied appear to relate to colonic health in terms of effects on fecal bulk and SCFA metabolism.

Research paper thumbnail of RESEARCH Open Access

Consumption of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol blood lipids without Conclusion: Results demons... more Consumption of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol blood lipids without Conclusion: Results demonstrate that consuming a portfolio diet reduces serum total and LDL-C levels while Ramprasath et al. Nutrition Journal 2014, 13:101

Research paper thumbnail of NutsasaReplaceme nt forCarbohydrates in the Diabetic Diet

OBJECTIVE—Fatintake,especiallymonounsaturatedfattyacid(MUFA),hasbeenliberalizedindiabeticdietstop... more OBJECTIVE—Fatintake,especiallymonounsaturatedfattyacid(MUFA),hasbeenliberalizedindiabeticdietstopreserveHDLcholesterolandimproveglycemiccontrol,yettheexactsourceshave not been clearly defined. Therefore, we assessed the effect of mixed nut consumption as asource of vegetable fat on serum lipids and HbA

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:7 Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol lowering foods on blood pressure

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of Th-W55:1 The portfolio diet: The role of vegetable protein and other dietary components in hypercholesterolemia

Atherosclerosis Supplements, 2006

Research paper thumbnail of The glycemic effect of nut-enriched meals in healthy and diabetic subjects

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2011

The intake of nuts has been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes... more The intake of nuts has been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes in large cohort studies. One potential contributing mechanism may be the ability of nuts to improve post-meal glycemic response. We, therefore, examined the effect of nuts alone and in combination with white bread on postprandial glycemia. 30, 60 and 90 g (approximately 1, 2 and 3 ounces) of mixed nuts were consumed with and without 50 g available carbohydrate from white bread by 10-14 normoglycemic and 5-10 type 2 diabetic subjects. Glycemic response (GR) was assessed by calculating the incremental area under the 2 h blood glucose curve. All three doses of mixed nuts, when fed alone, significantly reduced the glycemic response in both normoglycemic and diabetic patients. Furthermore, in the normoglycemic subjects, adding nuts to white bread progressively reduced the GR of the meal by 11.2 ± 11.6%, 29.7 ± 12.2% and 53.5 ± 8.5% for the 30, 60, and 90 g doses (P = 0.354, P = 0.031 and P &...

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of a Pre-Load Meal Containing Resistant Starch on SpontaneousFood Intake and Glucose and Insulin Responses

Journal of Food Technology, 2010

Research paper thumbnail of Association between Components of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Oncology, 2004

Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, ob... more Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been related to cell proliferation, obesity, diabetes, hyperinsulinemia and endometrial cancer risk. We used data from a case-control study conducted in Italy to provide additional information on the relation between the IGF system and endometrial cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted between 1999 and 2002 in Italy, including a total of 73 women with incident, histologically confirmed endometrial cancer and 108 controls admitted to the same hospital network for acute, nonneoplastic diseases. All subjects were interviewed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The odds ratios for endometrial cancer comparing the highest versus the lowest tertile of various IGF components were as follows: 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–1.2] for free IGF-I, 1.1 (95% CI 0.5–2.6) for total IGF-I, 1.2 (95% CI 0.6–2.6) for total IGF-II, 2.4 (95% CI 1.0–5.9) for IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1 and 0.8 (95% CI 0.4–2.0) for IGFBP...