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Papers by Mohamed El-Hussein
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of different (non-clinical) risk factors on... more Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of different (non-clinical) risk factors on the populations’ predisposition to tropical diseases specifically Malaria, yellow fever, typhoid fever, chicken pox, measles, hepatitis B and UTI.Subject and Methods: Data for this study was obtained through patient diagnosis forms, distributed to physicians in Nigeria. A total of 2199 patient consultation forms were returned by 102 (out of 125) physicians, and considered useful for analysis. Demographic data of patients, physicians, and diagnosis outcomes were analysed descriptively through frequency distributions, aggregate analysis, and graphs, while the influence of risk factors on the disease manifestations (diagnosis outcomes) were determined using regression analysis.Results: Findings from our study demonstrated that the difficulty in diagnosing tropical disease was associated with significant increase in morbidity and mortality especially in patients with malaria, UTI and typhoi...
Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 2021
Abstract Background Despite extensive research in simulation, few studies explored the impact of ... more Abstract Background Despite extensive research in simulation, few studies explored the impact of pre-brief on students’ learning during simulation-based experiences. This scoping review is the first to present available evidence related to the pre-brief component of simulation-based experiences and its impact on achieving learning outcomes. Method PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases were searched for articles focusing on pre-brief with no date or geographic restrictions. Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were integrated in the scoping review. Results Simulation experiences following standardized practices of pre-briefing, scenario or case, and debriefing, achieved several educational and professional outcome measures. While studies that isolated the pre-brief effects were limited, findings indicate a significant improvement in outcome measures related to psychological safety and confidence levels. Pre-brief was also associated with reducing learners’ stress, optimizing skills and knowledge, and facilitating a reflective and constructive debriefing. Conclusion It is essential that simulation facilitators implement pre-brief consistently to create psycholgocial safety for learners, using a standardized approach. More research is required to determine degree to which the pre-brief contributes to simulation outcomes.
Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition in older adults. It affects half of the ... more Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition in older adults. It affects half of the older adults admitted to acute care settings and is a major cause of increasing mortality and healthcare costs. Delirium is preventable in 30-40% of cases and its early recognition is crucial to improve prognosis. Registered Nurses' (RNs) prolonged interactions with older adults place them in an advantageous position to recognize delirium. Regrettably, RNs often fail to recognize delirium in older adults. The goal of this research was to identify the indicators and clinical reasoning processes that RNs use to recognize delirium in older adults in acute care settings. Purposive and theoretical sampling techniques were used to recruit 17 RNs for this study. Data gathering and analysis from participants' interviews was done concurrently using Constructivist Grounded Theory. The logic of constant comparison and memo-writing facilitated the transitioning from initial to focused coding. Coding for processes culminated in the emergence of the Nurse-Client Situated Interaction (NCSI) as the core category of the substantive grounded theory. NCSI refers to the main strategies that RNs used to resolve concerns of delirium recognition in older adults in acute care settings. NCSI consists of 3 subcategories that emerged from data. Each subcategory is rooted in several properties that were derived directly from the rich descriptions provided by the participants in the interviews. The subcategories and their respective properties in relation to the current state of the science are discussed in this thesis. Discussions of the recommendations that are relevant to the practices of RNs are included. Finally, limitations of the study and the agenda for future research (concatenation) are discussed. v Dedication To my wife Hala and my son Adam vi
Background: Patients’ health needs require detailed knowledge of diseases and the associated path... more Background: Patients’ health needs require detailed knowledge of diseases and the associated pathophysiology to understand and manage their complex care. Nurses rely on concepts from anatomy, physiology, microbiology, and pathophysiology to ground their practice. While knowledge of disease processes is a critical requirements for competent practice nursing, students often struggle with learning and applying pathophysiology concepts to clinical practice. Method: A novel teaching innovation known as “Visual Narrative Illustrations” (VNI) was piloted in a pathophysiology course. Students (n=75), participated in two phases of exploratory study that analyzed the impact of VNI on students’ understanding of pathophysiology concepts and assessed whether VNI is an effective teaching method. Results: Students taught using the VNI strategy performed significantly better on the post-test than students taught using a traditional lecture format. Conclusion: VNI assist students in learning complex...
Acute care NPs are in an ideal position to diagnose and manage non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE)-ac... more Acute care NPs are in an ideal position to diagnose and manage non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE)-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by implementing guideline-driven medical interventions. Utilizing mnemonics improves efficiency of clinicians in practice. This article introduces a mnemonic to assist NPs in their response to patients with NSTE-ACS.
The issue of the literature review remains a conundrum and a controversy within the discourse on ... more The issue of the literature review remains a conundrum and a controversy within the discourse on grounded theory methodology. Grounded theory researchers are expected to minimize preconceptions to ensure the concept of interest is grounded in data, yet at the same time are required to evaluate existing literature to support institutional ethics and scientific review of the research proposal. In addressing this dilemma, we espouse that literature review in grounded theory should comprise a multistage nonlinear approach to the literature and introduce a framework for novice grounded theory researchers. This framework offers a reflexive, dynamic and integrative process for conducting a literature review that allows researchers to minimize preconceptions while maintaining the original intent of grounded theory methodology.
The theory-practice gap debate has permeated nursing literature for many decades. While some scho... more The theory-practice gap debate has permeated nursing literature for many decades. While some scholars insist on the existence of a gap and argue that the real value of nursing can only be represented by a broad theoretical framework that explains what nurses do; others have categorically rejected the need for nursing theories. The gap between theory and practice in nursing education has been highlighted as a pressing problem in developing countries where nursing education is in transition from hospital-based training to universities. Clinical Nurse Educators (CNEs) have important roles to play in assisting students to deconstruct their practices in relation to nursing theories. The goal of this study was to construct a theory that explains the processes clinical nurse educators employ with their students to bridge the theory-practice gap in nursing education. We sought to answer two major questions: How do nurse educators assist their students to bridge the gap between theory and practice? How can we theoretically explain the process of bridging the theory-practice gap? The overall design for this research study was qualitative, rooted in the tradition of classical grounded theory (GT). This method of research has a unique feature in its ability to make possible the generation of theory that explains a process. Participants in this study were clinical nurse educators in Departments of Nursing Sciences, at universities in South Eastern Nigeria. Participants interview transcripts constituted data for analysis. The core category that emerged from participants' data was "relational transformation" where clinical instructors facilitate a transformative learning process, mediated within the context of the instructor-student relationship and aimed at assisting students to transform into professionals. This relational process involves assisting students to connect classroom theory to what they experience in the clinical areas, through questioning, mentoring, role modeling, and reflection.
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Nursing Education Perspectives
Critical Care Nursing Quarterly
Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
Journal of advanced nursing, Jan 22, 2015
The aim of this study was to construct a grounded theory that explains the clinical reasoning pro... more The aim of this study was to construct a grounded theory that explains the clinical reasoning processes that registered nurses use to recognize delirium in older adults in acute care hospitals. Delirium is under-recognized in acute hospital settings, this may stem from underdeveloped clinical reasoning processes. Little is known about registered nurses' (RNs) clinical reasoning processes in complex situations such as delirium recognition. A grounded theory approach was used to analyse interview data about the clinical reasoning processes of RNs in acute hospital settings. Seventeen RNs were recruited. Concurrent data collection and comparative analysis and theoretical sampling were conducted in 2013-2014. The core category to emerge from the data was 'chasing the mirage', which describes RNs' clinical reasoning processes to recognize delirium during their interaction with older adults. Understanding the reasoning that contributes to delirium under-recognition provide...
Journal of Emergency Nursing
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
International Journal of Inclusive Education
Social Enterprise Journal
Purpose Reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian plurality has stalled. While t... more Purpose Reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian plurality has stalled. While the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s (TRC) Calls to Action could be a focusing event, creating a window of opportunity for transformative social innovations; we see coalescing of interest, social capital and investment in decolonization and indigenization in the proliferation of professorships, programs, installations and statements. However, Blackfoot (Siksika) Elder Roy Bear Chief raised significant concerns that Indigenous knowledge, experiences and people are not yet seen as relevant and useful in higher education; such marginalization must be addressed at a systems level for authentic reconciliation at any colonial university. The purpose of this paper was to explore this dual goal of exploring barriers to and opportunities for Indigenous knowledges and knowledge holders to be valued as relevant and useful in the Canadian academy, using a complexity- and systems-informed lens. D...
Quality Advancement in Nursing Education - Avancées en formation infirmière
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of different (non-clinical) risk factors on... more Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of different (non-clinical) risk factors on the populations’ predisposition to tropical diseases specifically Malaria, yellow fever, typhoid fever, chicken pox, measles, hepatitis B and UTI.Subject and Methods: Data for this study was obtained through patient diagnosis forms, distributed to physicians in Nigeria. A total of 2199 patient consultation forms were returned by 102 (out of 125) physicians, and considered useful for analysis. Demographic data of patients, physicians, and diagnosis outcomes were analysed descriptively through frequency distributions, aggregate analysis, and graphs, while the influence of risk factors on the disease manifestations (diagnosis outcomes) were determined using regression analysis.Results: Findings from our study demonstrated that the difficulty in diagnosing tropical disease was associated with significant increase in morbidity and mortality especially in patients with malaria, UTI and typhoi...
Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 2021
Abstract Background Despite extensive research in simulation, few studies explored the impact of ... more Abstract Background Despite extensive research in simulation, few studies explored the impact of pre-brief on students’ learning during simulation-based experiences. This scoping review is the first to present available evidence related to the pre-brief component of simulation-based experiences and its impact on achieving learning outcomes. Method PubMed, CINAHL, and MEDLINE databases were searched for articles focusing on pre-brief with no date or geographic restrictions. Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were integrated in the scoping review. Results Simulation experiences following standardized practices of pre-briefing, scenario or case, and debriefing, achieved several educational and professional outcome measures. While studies that isolated the pre-brief effects were limited, findings indicate a significant improvement in outcome measures related to psychological safety and confidence levels. Pre-brief was also associated with reducing learners’ stress, optimizing skills and knowledge, and facilitating a reflective and constructive debriefing. Conclusion It is essential that simulation facilitators implement pre-brief consistently to create psycholgocial safety for learners, using a standardized approach. More research is required to determine degree to which the pre-brief contributes to simulation outcomes.
Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition in older adults. It affects half of the ... more Delirium is an acute disorder of attention and cognition in older adults. It affects half of the older adults admitted to acute care settings and is a major cause of increasing mortality and healthcare costs. Delirium is preventable in 30-40% of cases and its early recognition is crucial to improve prognosis. Registered Nurses' (RNs) prolonged interactions with older adults place them in an advantageous position to recognize delirium. Regrettably, RNs often fail to recognize delirium in older adults. The goal of this research was to identify the indicators and clinical reasoning processes that RNs use to recognize delirium in older adults in acute care settings. Purposive and theoretical sampling techniques were used to recruit 17 RNs for this study. Data gathering and analysis from participants' interviews was done concurrently using Constructivist Grounded Theory. The logic of constant comparison and memo-writing facilitated the transitioning from initial to focused coding. Coding for processes culminated in the emergence of the Nurse-Client Situated Interaction (NCSI) as the core category of the substantive grounded theory. NCSI refers to the main strategies that RNs used to resolve concerns of delirium recognition in older adults in acute care settings. NCSI consists of 3 subcategories that emerged from data. Each subcategory is rooted in several properties that were derived directly from the rich descriptions provided by the participants in the interviews. The subcategories and their respective properties in relation to the current state of the science are discussed in this thesis. Discussions of the recommendations that are relevant to the practices of RNs are included. Finally, limitations of the study and the agenda for future research (concatenation) are discussed. v Dedication To my wife Hala and my son Adam vi
Background: Patients’ health needs require detailed knowledge of diseases and the associated path... more Background: Patients’ health needs require detailed knowledge of diseases and the associated pathophysiology to understand and manage their complex care. Nurses rely on concepts from anatomy, physiology, microbiology, and pathophysiology to ground their practice. While knowledge of disease processes is a critical requirements for competent practice nursing, students often struggle with learning and applying pathophysiology concepts to clinical practice. Method: A novel teaching innovation known as “Visual Narrative Illustrations” (VNI) was piloted in a pathophysiology course. Students (n=75), participated in two phases of exploratory study that analyzed the impact of VNI on students’ understanding of pathophysiology concepts and assessed whether VNI is an effective teaching method. Results: Students taught using the VNI strategy performed significantly better on the post-test than students taught using a traditional lecture format. Conclusion: VNI assist students in learning complex...
Acute care NPs are in an ideal position to diagnose and manage non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE)-ac... more Acute care NPs are in an ideal position to diagnose and manage non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE)-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by implementing guideline-driven medical interventions. Utilizing mnemonics improves efficiency of clinicians in practice. This article introduces a mnemonic to assist NPs in their response to patients with NSTE-ACS.
The issue of the literature review remains a conundrum and a controversy within the discourse on ... more The issue of the literature review remains a conundrum and a controversy within the discourse on grounded theory methodology. Grounded theory researchers are expected to minimize preconceptions to ensure the concept of interest is grounded in data, yet at the same time are required to evaluate existing literature to support institutional ethics and scientific review of the research proposal. In addressing this dilemma, we espouse that literature review in grounded theory should comprise a multistage nonlinear approach to the literature and introduce a framework for novice grounded theory researchers. This framework offers a reflexive, dynamic and integrative process for conducting a literature review that allows researchers to minimize preconceptions while maintaining the original intent of grounded theory methodology.
The theory-practice gap debate has permeated nursing literature for many decades. While some scho... more The theory-practice gap debate has permeated nursing literature for many decades. While some scholars insist on the existence of a gap and argue that the real value of nursing can only be represented by a broad theoretical framework that explains what nurses do; others have categorically rejected the need for nursing theories. The gap between theory and practice in nursing education has been highlighted as a pressing problem in developing countries where nursing education is in transition from hospital-based training to universities. Clinical Nurse Educators (CNEs) have important roles to play in assisting students to deconstruct their practices in relation to nursing theories. The goal of this study was to construct a theory that explains the processes clinical nurse educators employ with their students to bridge the theory-practice gap in nursing education. We sought to answer two major questions: How do nurse educators assist their students to bridge the gap between theory and practice? How can we theoretically explain the process of bridging the theory-practice gap? The overall design for this research study was qualitative, rooted in the tradition of classical grounded theory (GT). This method of research has a unique feature in its ability to make possible the generation of theory that explains a process. Participants in this study were clinical nurse educators in Departments of Nursing Sciences, at universities in South Eastern Nigeria. Participants interview transcripts constituted data for analysis. The core category that emerged from participants' data was "relational transformation" where clinical instructors facilitate a transformative learning process, mediated within the context of the instructor-student relationship and aimed at assisting students to transform into professionals. This relational process involves assisting students to connect classroom theory to what they experience in the clinical areas, through questioning, mentoring, role modeling, and reflection.
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
Nursing Education Perspectives
Critical Care Nursing Quarterly
Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners
Journal of advanced nursing, Jan 22, 2015
The aim of this study was to construct a grounded theory that explains the clinical reasoning pro... more The aim of this study was to construct a grounded theory that explains the clinical reasoning processes that registered nurses use to recognize delirium in older adults in acute care hospitals. Delirium is under-recognized in acute hospital settings, this may stem from underdeveloped clinical reasoning processes. Little is known about registered nurses' (RNs) clinical reasoning processes in complex situations such as delirium recognition. A grounded theory approach was used to analyse interview data about the clinical reasoning processes of RNs in acute hospital settings. Seventeen RNs were recruited. Concurrent data collection and comparative analysis and theoretical sampling were conducted in 2013-2014. The core category to emerge from the data was 'chasing the mirage', which describes RNs' clinical reasoning processes to recognize delirium during their interaction with older adults. Understanding the reasoning that contributes to delirium under-recognition provide...
Journal of Emergency Nursing
The Journal for Nurse Practitioners
International Journal of Inclusive Education
Social Enterprise Journal
Purpose Reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian plurality has stalled. While t... more Purpose Reconciliation between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian plurality has stalled. While the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s (TRC) Calls to Action could be a focusing event, creating a window of opportunity for transformative social innovations; we see coalescing of interest, social capital and investment in decolonization and indigenization in the proliferation of professorships, programs, installations and statements. However, Blackfoot (Siksika) Elder Roy Bear Chief raised significant concerns that Indigenous knowledge, experiences and people are not yet seen as relevant and useful in higher education; such marginalization must be addressed at a systems level for authentic reconciliation at any colonial university. The purpose of this paper was to explore this dual goal of exploring barriers to and opportunities for Indigenous knowledges and knowledge holders to be valued as relevant and useful in the Canadian academy, using a complexity- and systems-informed lens. D...
Quality Advancement in Nursing Education - Avancées en formation infirmière