Elif Özcan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Elif Özcan

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic Biotopes, Listeners and Sound-Induced Action: A Case Study of Operating Rooms

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

As socio-technological environments shape and direct listener behaviour, an ecological account is... more As socio-technological environments shape and direct listener behaviour, an ecological account is needed that encompasses listening in complexity (i.e., multiple listeners, multiple sounds and their sources, and multiple sound-induced actions that ensure the success of a mission). In this study, we explored sound-induced action under the framework of “acoustic biotopes” (a notion of ecological acoustics by Smolders, Aertsen, and Johanessma, 1979 and 1982) in a specific socio-technological environment, i.e., the context of an orthopaedic operating room. Our approach is based on literature research into the topics of environmental psychology and auditory perception and action and in situ observations in healthcare with field recordings, participatory observations, and interviews on the spot. The results suggest a human-centered definition of sound-induced action in acoustic biotopes: Acoustic biotope is an active and shared sound environment with entangled interactions and sound-induc...

Research paper thumbnail of Sound experts’ perspectives on astronomy sonification projects

Nature Astronomy

« Sound people speak to Star people-A sound experts' perspective on astronomy sonification projec... more « Sound people speak to Star people-A sound experts' perspective on astronomy sonification projects » N. Misdariis (a) , E. Özcan (b) , M. Grassi (c) , S. Pauletto (d) , S. Barrass (e) , R. Bresin (d) , P. Susini (a)

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring profiling and personalisation in sleep music design: towards conceptualising musical sleep aids for hospital use

AudioMostly 2022

Music as a low-cost sleep aid is a promising way to improve the sleep quality of people. However,... more Music as a low-cost sleep aid is a promising way to improve the sleep quality of people. However, most available sleep music playlists are limited to generic, soothing songs, which do not take in account personalisation. In collaboration with the Neurology Department of the Reinier de Graaf hospital (Delft, The Netherlands), we explored a profile-based personalisation approach to deliver music that fits with people' sleep and music preferences. Through generative research, we collected people's preference data and proposed four, evocative sleep music profiles: the Explorer, the Diver, the Hunter, and the Observer. The results of the profiling evaluation suggest that the profile experience is credible, intuitive, and easy to use. Four profiles can reflect people's preferences, but may not be stable. CCS CONCEPTS • General and reference → Design; • Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in interaction design.

Research paper thumbnail of Wage implications of foreign direct investment with salary adjustment process

Ankara : The Department of Economics, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2012.Thesis (Master&#39... more Ankara : The Department of Economics, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2012.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2012.Includes bibliographical references.The main objective of this thesis is to analyse theoretically the implications of increasing foreign direct investment (FDI) on the wages of workers and on the profits of firms in the local country which is previously studied in Saglam and Sayek (2011). In this study, we modify the Kelso and Crawford’s salary adjustment process. Firstly, capacity constraint of firms is introduced into the Kelso and Crawford’s salary adjustment process. Secondly, we study the process where workers make offers. Existence of stable matching is explored. In the process where firms offer, the matching converges to a stable matching but in the process where workers offer, stability may not hold. While analysing the implications of increasing FDI on the wages and on the profits in the local country, we use the firm-proposing salary adjustment p...

Research paper thumbnail of Semantic models of sound-driven design: Designing with listening in mind

Design Studies

Sound-driven design is a design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory... more Sound-driven design is a design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory dimension of interaction. An automated content analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews with sound designers, design researchers, engineers and expert users stressed the inherently embodied and situated conceptualisation of sound, and how it relates to their professional activity. The four categories of professionals bring in different designerly orientations towards sound. Listening, as a way of knowing by using sound in interaction, proves to be the red thread between the participants' semantic models. Overall, the findings contribute to characterise the concept of sound in current design practices, and position the role of nonverbal, yet auditory representations in the design process.

Research paper thumbnail of 2,4 diamin ve azinphosmethly'in cyprinus carpio (L.)'de kanda, enzim aktiviteler, protein ve glukoz ile dokularda protein ve glikojenin kantitif değişimine etkileri

TEZ1606Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1994.Kaynakça (s. 56-61) var.vii, 63 ... more TEZ1606Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1994.Kaynakça (s. 56-61) var.vii, 63 s. ; 30 cm.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Therapy on Upper Extremity Motor Functions in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

Bu prospektif, randomize kontrollü çalışmanın amacı, kronik inmeli hastalarda anodal transkraniya... more Bu prospektif, randomize kontrollü çalışmanın amacı, kronik inmeli hastalarda anodal transkraniyal doğru akım stimülasyon (TDAS) tedavisinin, plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları üzerine olan etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üst ekstremite spastisitesine yönelik olarak botulinum toksin A (BoNT-A) tedavisi uygulanmış 20 kronik inmeli hasta, TDAS (n=10) ve kontrol (n=10) grupları olmak üzere 1:1 oranında randomize edildi. Her iki grup toplam 10 seans iş ve uğraşı terapi (IUT) programına alındı. TDAS grubuna, IUT ile eş zamanlı olarak anodal TDAS tedavisi uygulandı. Plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları Jebsen-Taylor El Fonksiyon Testi (JTEFT), Kutu Blok Testi (KBT) ve Modifiye Frenchay Skala'sı (MFS) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta demografik özellikler ve tedavi öncesi tüm klinik değerlendirmeler benzer bulundu (p>0,05, tüm parametreler için). Tedavi sonrasında TDAS grubunda JTEFT ve MFS'nin tüm alt parametrelerinde (tüm parametreler için p<0,01), ve KBT'de (p<0,01) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişmeler elde edildi. Kontrol grubunda ise KBT (p=0,011), JTEFT'nin 3 ve MFS'nin 7 parametresinde (anlamlı parametreler için p<0,05) anlamlılık saptandı. Tedavi sonrası TDAS grubunun KBT (p<0,001), MFS tüm alt parametre (tüm parametreler için p<0,05) sonuçlarındaki gelişmeler kontrol grubununkilerden anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Ayrıca tedavi sonrasında JTEFT'nin beslenme (p=0,011), geniş hafif objeleri kavrama (p=0,003) ve geniş ağır objeleri kavrama (p=0,049) sürelerindeki kısalma TDAS grubunda kontrol grubuna oranla anlamlı derecede daha iyiydi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, BoNT-A uygulamasını takiben IUT ile kombine edilen anodal TDAS tedavisinin, kronik inmeli hastaların plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları üzerine ilave yararlar sağladığı gösterilmiştir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: İnme; iş ve uğraşı terapisi; transkraniyal doğru akım stimülasyonu; üst ekstremite ABS TRACT Objective: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) applications on the upper extremity motor functions of patients with stroke. Material and Methods: Twenty patients with chronic stroke who received botulinum toksin A (BoNT-A) treatment for upper limb spasticity were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into two groups as anodal TDCS (n=10), or control (n=10). Both groups participated in an occupational therapy (OT) program for 10 days. Simultaneous anodal TDCS treatment with OT was applied to the TDCS group. The plegic upper extremity motor functions were evaluated by Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT), Box and Block Test (BBT) and Modified Frenchay Scale (MFS). Results: Demographic characteristics and baseline clinical assessments were found to be similar in both groups (p>0.05 for all parameters). After the treatment, statistically significant improvements were obtained in all sub-parameters of JTHFT, and MFS (p<0.01 for all parameters) and BBT (p<0.01) in the TDCS group. Whereas in the control group significance was present in BBT (p=0.011), 3 parameters of JTEFT, and 7 of MFS (p<0.05 for these parameters). The magnitude of improvement in BBT (p<0.001), and in all parameters of MFS of the TDCS group (p<0.05, all of the parameters) were significantly higher than those of the control group after treatment. Besides decrease in the time spent for feeding (p=0.011), lifting large light objects (p=0.003) and large heavy objects (p=0.049) of the TDCS group was significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion: In this study, TDCS combined with OT programs following the BoNT-A injection was shown to provide additional benefits on motor functions of the plegic upper extremity of chronic stroke patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantum Mechanics, Ambiguity and Design: Towards a Framework

Creativity and Cognition

Quantum Mechanics could have fundamental impact on design models and measurement. Quantum mechani... more Quantum Mechanics could have fundamental impact on design models and measurement. Quantum mechanics allows us to fill in the blanks of classical models of design, through its ability to explain ambiguous states of design. An ambiguous state is where design exists in between two binary states, as a superposition. Designers are most likely to be unfamiliar with quantum mechanics, as well as the subject of quantum mechanics being complex and sometimes contradictory to human scale mechanics. By discussing the opportunities of quantum mechanics for design, we are proposing a framework to model and measure ambiguous dimensions of design through quantum superpositions. The proposed framework includes the dimensions for the directionality of design (convergence or divergence), the degree of design embodiment (from low to high) and the decision-making of the designer (yes to no). Once the designer attempts the measurement of a superposition, a binary state can be distilled. For the act of designing, filling in the blanks is equal to sculpting away superposed states. In this philosophy, to design is to measure. This early stage research raises areas of opportunities and suggests further research directions for quantum mechanics and design.

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualising sound-driven design: an exploratory discourse analysis

Creativity and Cognition

Sound-driven design is an emerging, human-centered design practice informed by technology and lis... more Sound-driven design is an emerging, human-centered design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory dimension of interaction. In this paper we present a discourse analysis approach aimed at qualitatively understanding the constituent concepts of such a practice, by means of semi-structured interviews with sound designers, design researchers, engineers and expert users in the context of critical care. Preliminary results show that sound-driven design is inherently embodied, situated, and participatory, that the four categories of interviewees equally contribute to the definition of the design problem, and yet that a clear, shared arena is still missing. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms; Participatory design; • General and reference → Surveys and overviews.

Research paper thumbnail of Listener Sonic Needs in Operating Theatres

Some operation theaters entail excessive noise, which poses physiological as well as psychologica... more Some operation theaters entail excessive noise, which poses physiological as well as psychological risks to the medical staff. This can also affect the patient's wellbeing, as sound affects the medical staffs' work performance during surgery. This observational study investigated medical staffs' sonic needs in operation theatres to understand how professionals listen and interact with sound in complex sonic environments by virtue of their listening role and individual workflow. We adapted the framework of Truax's [1] three listening attentions to the context of operating theater soundscapes and augmented the framework by two additional "listening interactions" by considering the sedated patient (the exposed with "nolistening-attention") and the primary sound producer (main focus of listening). Two streams of listener hierarchies were analyzed: From the perspective of performing the surgery (e.g. surgeon) and the perspective of monitoring the patient (e.g. anesthesiologist). These two perspectives also determine the listening roles of other medical staff, as teams are subdivided to assist the two sound users (e.g. scrub nurses assisting primarily the surgeon, while the circulating nurse also assists the anesthesiologist). Depending on the procedure steps during the surgery, listeners can move in-between those listening types, but mainly they stay in their role. Identifying the different listening types supports the understanding of individual concerns and needs on sound and soundscape management depending on the profession.

Research paper thumbnail of Product Sound Design and Application: Overview

Designing sounds for products is a relatively new concept that still lacks a systematic procedure... more Designing sounds for products is a relatively new concept that still lacks a systematic procedure. Formerly, a pleasing sound would be realized by, e.g., decreasing the sound pressure level. The sound of a vacuum cleaner would be changed if it sounded unpleasantly loud. Nowadays it is acknowledged that product sound design should be integrated in the main design process to enhance the user experience both on ergonomic and hedonic levels. For example, the sound producing parts of an expensive car (i.e., engine, doors, gearbox, cabin auditory warnings, etc.) are designed to reflect the main requirements for the car design such as reliability, comfort, safety, luxury, and consequently a pleasant drive. However, an integration of the sound design into the design process of a product requires specific tools and methods. This paper addresses this issue and presents two methods and a tool by which designers can model and demonstrate their conceptual ideas for the sound of the product under...

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1497392: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Proud To Be In Control: Understanding Concern Conflicts and Initial Principles for Conflict-Inspired Design Approaches

The purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of how insights in conflicting concern... more The purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of how insights in conflicting concerns can be used as an approach to design for subjective well-being. This is done through examining qualities of a conflict experience across three life domains: food, procrastination, and safe sex. Ten participants from various age groups and backgrounds volunteered for a two-week diary study followed by in-depth interviews. Our findings indicated that there are three layers to a conflict experience: (1) mutually exclusive action alternatives, (2) immediacy of concerns, and (3) elicited mixed emotions. Interaction among these layers revealed three variables that influence people's choices between two mutually exclusive action alternatives, namely size of the hurdle, awareness of potential costs and gains, and vividness of concerns. Our findings also include individual strategies that people use to deal with conflicting experiences. These strategies inspired three initial principles for...

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 918316: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1509690: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476998: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476997: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476995: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476994: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Product Metaphor Generation: Mapping Strategies of Designers

When generating product metaphors, designers select an entity to associate with the product they ... more When generating product metaphors, designers select an entity to associate with the product they intend to design and transfer certain feature(s) of this entity to the product. This transfer, called <em>mapping</em>, can be realized by following different strategies (e.g. implicit-literal, explicit-literal, implicit- abstract and explicit-abstract. In this paper, we investigate the strengths and weaknesses of these four mapping strategies regarding the identifiability of the metaphor, the aesthetics of the end product, and the ease of mapping for the designer. To do so, we conducted a study with design students who were asked to generate metaphors by using four different mapping strategies. The results are discussed in the light of metaphor theories and contribution to the design practice.

Research paper thumbnail of Acoustic Biotopes, Listeners and Sound-Induced Action: A Case Study of Operating Rooms

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

As socio-technological environments shape and direct listener behaviour, an ecological account is... more As socio-technological environments shape and direct listener behaviour, an ecological account is needed that encompasses listening in complexity (i.e., multiple listeners, multiple sounds and their sources, and multiple sound-induced actions that ensure the success of a mission). In this study, we explored sound-induced action under the framework of “acoustic biotopes” (a notion of ecological acoustics by Smolders, Aertsen, and Johanessma, 1979 and 1982) in a specific socio-technological environment, i.e., the context of an orthopaedic operating room. Our approach is based on literature research into the topics of environmental psychology and auditory perception and action and in situ observations in healthcare with field recordings, participatory observations, and interviews on the spot. The results suggest a human-centered definition of sound-induced action in acoustic biotopes: Acoustic biotope is an active and shared sound environment with entangled interactions and sound-induc...

Research paper thumbnail of Sound experts’ perspectives on astronomy sonification projects

Nature Astronomy

« Sound people speak to Star people-A sound experts' perspective on astronomy sonification projec... more « Sound people speak to Star people-A sound experts' perspective on astronomy sonification projects » N. Misdariis (a) , E. Özcan (b) , M. Grassi (c) , S. Pauletto (d) , S. Barrass (e) , R. Bresin (d) , P. Susini (a)

Research paper thumbnail of Exploring profiling and personalisation in sleep music design: towards conceptualising musical sleep aids for hospital use

AudioMostly 2022

Music as a low-cost sleep aid is a promising way to improve the sleep quality of people. However,... more Music as a low-cost sleep aid is a promising way to improve the sleep quality of people. However, most available sleep music playlists are limited to generic, soothing songs, which do not take in account personalisation. In collaboration with the Neurology Department of the Reinier de Graaf hospital (Delft, The Netherlands), we explored a profile-based personalisation approach to deliver music that fits with people' sleep and music preferences. Through generative research, we collected people's preference data and proposed four, evocative sleep music profiles: the Explorer, the Diver, the Hunter, and the Observer. The results of the profiling evaluation suggest that the profile experience is credible, intuitive, and easy to use. Four profiles can reflect people's preferences, but may not be stable. CCS CONCEPTS • General and reference → Design; • Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in interaction design.

Research paper thumbnail of Wage implications of foreign direct investment with salary adjustment process

Ankara : The Department of Economics, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2012.Thesis (Master&#39... more Ankara : The Department of Economics, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2012.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2012.Includes bibliographical references.The main objective of this thesis is to analyse theoretically the implications of increasing foreign direct investment (FDI) on the wages of workers and on the profits of firms in the local country which is previously studied in Saglam and Sayek (2011). In this study, we modify the Kelso and Crawford’s salary adjustment process. Firstly, capacity constraint of firms is introduced into the Kelso and Crawford’s salary adjustment process. Secondly, we study the process where workers make offers. Existence of stable matching is explored. In the process where firms offer, the matching converges to a stable matching but in the process where workers offer, stability may not hold. While analysing the implications of increasing FDI on the wages and on the profits in the local country, we use the firm-proposing salary adjustment p...

Research paper thumbnail of Semantic models of sound-driven design: Designing with listening in mind

Design Studies

Sound-driven design is a design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory... more Sound-driven design is a design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory dimension of interaction. An automated content analysis of 20 semi-structured interviews with sound designers, design researchers, engineers and expert users stressed the inherently embodied and situated conceptualisation of sound, and how it relates to their professional activity. The four categories of professionals bring in different designerly orientations towards sound. Listening, as a way of knowing by using sound in interaction, proves to be the red thread between the participants&#39; semantic models. Overall, the findings contribute to characterise the concept of sound in current design practices, and position the role of nonverbal, yet auditory representations in the design process.

Research paper thumbnail of 2,4 diamin ve azinphosmethly'in cyprinus carpio (L.)'de kanda, enzim aktiviteler, protein ve glukoz ile dokularda protein ve glikojenin kantitif değişimine etkileri

TEZ1606Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1994.Kaynakça (s. 56-61) var.vii, 63 ... more TEZ1606Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 1994.Kaynakça (s. 56-61) var.vii, 63 s. ; 30 cm.

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Therapy on Upper Extremity Motor Functions in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

Bu prospektif, randomize kontrollü çalışmanın amacı, kronik inmeli hastalarda anodal transkraniya... more Bu prospektif, randomize kontrollü çalışmanın amacı, kronik inmeli hastalarda anodal transkraniyal doğru akım stimülasyon (TDAS) tedavisinin, plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları üzerine olan etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üst ekstremite spastisitesine yönelik olarak botulinum toksin A (BoNT-A) tedavisi uygulanmış 20 kronik inmeli hasta, TDAS (n=10) ve kontrol (n=10) grupları olmak üzere 1:1 oranında randomize edildi. Her iki grup toplam 10 seans iş ve uğraşı terapi (IUT) programına alındı. TDAS grubuna, IUT ile eş zamanlı olarak anodal TDAS tedavisi uygulandı. Plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları Jebsen-Taylor El Fonksiyon Testi (JTEFT), Kutu Blok Testi (KBT) ve Modifiye Frenchay Skala'sı (MFS) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta demografik özellikler ve tedavi öncesi tüm klinik değerlendirmeler benzer bulundu (p>0,05, tüm parametreler için). Tedavi sonrasında TDAS grubunda JTEFT ve MFS'nin tüm alt parametrelerinde (tüm parametreler için p<0,01), ve KBT'de (p<0,01) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişmeler elde edildi. Kontrol grubunda ise KBT (p=0,011), JTEFT'nin 3 ve MFS'nin 7 parametresinde (anlamlı parametreler için p<0,05) anlamlılık saptandı. Tedavi sonrası TDAS grubunun KBT (p<0,001), MFS tüm alt parametre (tüm parametreler için p<0,05) sonuçlarındaki gelişmeler kontrol grubununkilerden anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Ayrıca tedavi sonrasında JTEFT'nin beslenme (p=0,011), geniş hafif objeleri kavrama (p=0,003) ve geniş ağır objeleri kavrama (p=0,049) sürelerindeki kısalma TDAS grubunda kontrol grubuna oranla anlamlı derecede daha iyiydi. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, BoNT-A uygulamasını takiben IUT ile kombine edilen anodal TDAS tedavisinin, kronik inmeli hastaların plejik üst ekstremite motor fonksiyonları üzerine ilave yararlar sağladığı gösterilmiştir. Anah tar Ke li me ler: İnme; iş ve uğraşı terapisi; transkraniyal doğru akım stimülasyonu; üst ekstremite ABS TRACT Objective: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) applications on the upper extremity motor functions of patients with stroke. Material and Methods: Twenty patients with chronic stroke who received botulinum toksin A (BoNT-A) treatment for upper limb spasticity were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio into two groups as anodal TDCS (n=10), or control (n=10). Both groups participated in an occupational therapy (OT) program for 10 days. Simultaneous anodal TDCS treatment with OT was applied to the TDCS group. The plegic upper extremity motor functions were evaluated by Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT), Box and Block Test (BBT) and Modified Frenchay Scale (MFS). Results: Demographic characteristics and baseline clinical assessments were found to be similar in both groups (p>0.05 for all parameters). After the treatment, statistically significant improvements were obtained in all sub-parameters of JTHFT, and MFS (p<0.01 for all parameters) and BBT (p<0.01) in the TDCS group. Whereas in the control group significance was present in BBT (p=0.011), 3 parameters of JTEFT, and 7 of MFS (p<0.05 for these parameters). The magnitude of improvement in BBT (p<0.001), and in all parameters of MFS of the TDCS group (p<0.05, all of the parameters) were significantly higher than those of the control group after treatment. Besides decrease in the time spent for feeding (p=0.011), lifting large light objects (p=0.003) and large heavy objects (p=0.049) of the TDCS group was significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion: In this study, TDCS combined with OT programs following the BoNT-A injection was shown to provide additional benefits on motor functions of the plegic upper extremity of chronic stroke patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Quantum Mechanics, Ambiguity and Design: Towards a Framework

Creativity and Cognition

Quantum Mechanics could have fundamental impact on design models and measurement. Quantum mechani... more Quantum Mechanics could have fundamental impact on design models and measurement. Quantum mechanics allows us to fill in the blanks of classical models of design, through its ability to explain ambiguous states of design. An ambiguous state is where design exists in between two binary states, as a superposition. Designers are most likely to be unfamiliar with quantum mechanics, as well as the subject of quantum mechanics being complex and sometimes contradictory to human scale mechanics. By discussing the opportunities of quantum mechanics for design, we are proposing a framework to model and measure ambiguous dimensions of design through quantum superpositions. The proposed framework includes the dimensions for the directionality of design (convergence or divergence), the degree of design embodiment (from low to high) and the decision-making of the designer (yes to no). Once the designer attempts the measurement of a superposition, a binary state can be distilled. For the act of designing, filling in the blanks is equal to sculpting away superposed states. In this philosophy, to design is to measure. This early stage research raises areas of opportunities and suggests further research directions for quantum mechanics and design.

Research paper thumbnail of Conceptualising sound-driven design: an exploratory discourse analysis

Creativity and Cognition

Sound-driven design is an emerging, human-centered design practice informed by technology and lis... more Sound-driven design is an emerging, human-centered design practice informed by technology and listening in the multisensory dimension of interaction. In this paper we present a discourse analysis approach aimed at qualitatively understanding the constituent concepts of such a practice, by means of semi-structured interviews with sound designers, design researchers, engineers and expert users in the context of critical care. Preliminary results show that sound-driven design is inherently embodied, situated, and participatory, that the four categories of interviewees equally contribute to the definition of the design problem, and yet that a clear, shared arena is still missing. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Interaction design theory, concepts and paradigms; Participatory design; • General and reference → Surveys and overviews.

Research paper thumbnail of Listener Sonic Needs in Operating Theatres

Some operation theaters entail excessive noise, which poses physiological as well as psychologica... more Some operation theaters entail excessive noise, which poses physiological as well as psychological risks to the medical staff. This can also affect the patient's wellbeing, as sound affects the medical staffs' work performance during surgery. This observational study investigated medical staffs' sonic needs in operation theatres to understand how professionals listen and interact with sound in complex sonic environments by virtue of their listening role and individual workflow. We adapted the framework of Truax's [1] three listening attentions to the context of operating theater soundscapes and augmented the framework by two additional "listening interactions" by considering the sedated patient (the exposed with "nolistening-attention") and the primary sound producer (main focus of listening). Two streams of listener hierarchies were analyzed: From the perspective of performing the surgery (e.g. surgeon) and the perspective of monitoring the patient (e.g. anesthesiologist). These two perspectives also determine the listening roles of other medical staff, as teams are subdivided to assist the two sound users (e.g. scrub nurses assisting primarily the surgeon, while the circulating nurse also assists the anesthesiologist). Depending on the procedure steps during the surgery, listeners can move in-between those listening types, but mainly they stay in their role. Identifying the different listening types supports the understanding of individual concerns and needs on sound and soundscape management depending on the profession.

Research paper thumbnail of Product Sound Design and Application: Overview

Designing sounds for products is a relatively new concept that still lacks a systematic procedure... more Designing sounds for products is a relatively new concept that still lacks a systematic procedure. Formerly, a pleasing sound would be realized by, e.g., decreasing the sound pressure level. The sound of a vacuum cleaner would be changed if it sounded unpleasantly loud. Nowadays it is acknowledged that product sound design should be integrated in the main design process to enhance the user experience both on ergonomic and hedonic levels. For example, the sound producing parts of an expensive car (i.e., engine, doors, gearbox, cabin auditory warnings, etc.) are designed to reflect the main requirements for the car design such as reliability, comfort, safety, luxury, and consequently a pleasant drive. However, an integration of the sound design into the design process of a product requires specific tools and methods. This paper addresses this issue and presents two methods and a tool by which designers can model and demonstrate their conceptual ideas for the sound of the product under...

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1497392: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Proud To Be In Control: Understanding Concern Conflicts and Initial Principles for Conflict-Inspired Design Approaches

The purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of how insights in conflicting concern... more The purpose of this paper is to increase our understanding of how insights in conflicting concerns can be used as an approach to design for subjective well-being. This is done through examining qualities of a conflict experience across three life domains: food, procrastination, and safe sex. Ten participants from various age groups and backgrounds volunteered for a two-week diary study followed by in-depth interviews. Our findings indicated that there are three layers to a conflict experience: (1) mutually exclusive action alternatives, (2) immediacy of concerns, and (3) elicited mixed emotions. Interaction among these layers revealed three variables that influence people's choices between two mutually exclusive action alternatives, namely size of the hurdle, awareness of potential costs and gains, and vividness of concerns. Our findings also include individual strategies that people use to deal with conflicting experiences. These strategies inspired three initial principles for...

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 918316: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1509690: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476998: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476997: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476995: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of CCDC 1476994: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule cr... more An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world's repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Research paper thumbnail of Product Metaphor Generation: Mapping Strategies of Designers

When generating product metaphors, designers select an entity to associate with the product they ... more When generating product metaphors, designers select an entity to associate with the product they intend to design and transfer certain feature(s) of this entity to the product. This transfer, called <em>mapping</em>, can be realized by following different strategies (e.g. implicit-literal, explicit-literal, implicit- abstract and explicit-abstract. In this paper, we investigate the strengths and weaknesses of these four mapping strategies regarding the identifiability of the metaphor, the aesthetics of the end product, and the ease of mapping for the designer. To do so, we conducted a study with design students who were asked to generate metaphors by using four different mapping strategies. The results are discussed in the light of metaphor theories and contribution to the design practice.