Elisabete Pinto - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Elisabete Pinto
Journal of Functional Foods
Nutrition Bulletin
Urbanisation is hastening the transition from traditional food habits to less healthy diets, whic... more Urbanisation is hastening the transition from traditional food habits to less healthy diets, which are becoming more common among Kenyans. No up‐to‐date studies on usual dietary intake and the main food sources of adult Kenyans are available. The aim of the present study was to identify the main food sources of nutrients in the diet of urban adult Kenyans and explore potential associations with demographic variables including age, sex, level of education, occupation and body mass index. The study adopted a cross‐sectional design. The dietary intake of 486 adult Kenyans from Nairobi was assessed using a validated, culture‐sensitive, semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between food sources and demographic variables. Macronutrient intakes as a proportion of total energy intake (TEI) were within international dietary guidelines. Cereals and grain products (34.0%), sugar, syrups, sweets and snacks (9.8%), fr...
Objective: To compare the Eating Out phenomenon among university students from private and public... more Objective: To compare the Eating Out phenomenon among university students from private and public schools. Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted among 317 students from private (Biotechnology Faculty) and public (Engineering Faculty) universities aged 19 to 23 years old. Lifestyle variables such as food habits as well as socio-demographic background variables were included in a selfadministered structured questionnaire. Results: The proportion of students from the private university who take more than four meals per day is significantly higher than the proportion of students at public university (60.3% vs. 32.1%, p<0.001) but there are no significant differences in the number of meals taken away from home (proportion of students who take more than two meals away from home: 30.6% Biotechnology Faculty vs. 33.7% Engineering Faculty, p=0.606). The canteen is the most referred place to eat out of home (40.8%) and the proportion of students from the private university who choos...
Nutrients, Mar 11, 2024
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Arquivos de Medicina, 2005
Maternal and Child Nutrition, Aug 1, 2009
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequen... more This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to estimate nutrient intake among Portuguese pregnant women. A sample of 101 pregnant women completed a 3-day food diary (FD) in each pregnancy trimester (reference method) and an intervieweradministered FFQ in the immediate post-partum period. Ranking women according to their usual intake showed that, on average, 65% were classified into the same Ϯ1 quintile and 2.4% into opposite quintiles by the two methods. Energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlation coefficients ranged from 0.20 (protein) to 0.58 (riboflavin). Similar results were obtained when the FFQ was compared to each trimester-specific FD. To assess the FFQ reproducibility, 70 women in their third pregnancy trimester were interviewed twice within a 2-week interval. The level of agreement was high, with Ն75% of the participants being classified into the same Ϯ1 quintile by the two administrations for 13 of the 15 nutrients examined. A review of the published literature revealed that this is the first FFQ to take the whole pregnancy as its reference time window. Our findings showed that a single administration of this FFQ in the immediate post-partum period is a valid tool to rank Portuguese pregnant women according to their intakes.
PLOS ONE
Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, university students were considered a v... more Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, university students were considered a vulnerable risk group for mental health impairment and wellbeing deterioration. This study aimed at evaluating the pandemic’s impact on the physical and mental health and wellbeing among students of a Portuguese university. This cross-sectional study included 913 participants and ran from June to October 2020. Data collected included sociodemographics, three mental health self-report questionnaires (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Brief COPE) and lifestyle practices (eating and sleeping patterns, media, and entertainment habits) during the first months of the pandemic, which included a 72-day full national lockdown. Descriptive and correlational statistical analysis were conducted. Students’ food habits changed during the pandemic, namely on the consumption of snacks and fast food and, overall, less balanced meals became more prevalent. Addit...
Nutrients
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Journal of Food Processing & Beverages
It is well established that BCP could have several health benefits, mainly related to its fibre c... more It is well established that BCP could have several health benefits, mainly related to its fibre content. This study aimed to evaluate the BCP consumption in Portugal, the reasons behind the consumers' choices, and evaluate consumer awareness on fibre content and health benefits. The hypotheses were that i) consumers are not aware of the dietary fibre benefits nor the relationship between daily intake and benefits; ii) BCP are a good strategy to increase fibre intake. The novelty of this work is related to the fibre awareness evaluation and whether the increase in fibre content on BCP could increase its consumer interest. A cross-sectional study with both quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus group) approaches was performed. A total of 1126 participants completed the survey, and two focus group were performed, one focus group with people with 24-31 years old and another with parents with ages between 33-41 years old. It was assessed the effect of parenting on BCP perception, consumption, and purchase. More than half of the Portuguese population consume BCP at least once a week, mainly at breakfast, for convenience, taste, and healthiness. Granola and flakes are the mainly consumed by adults, and extruded and flakes by children. Consumers identify a lack of products that combine taste and healthiness.
Introducao: A adequacao nutricional e o status vitaminico e mineral sao determinantes para a saud... more Introducao: A adequacao nutricional e o status vitaminico e mineral sao determinantes para a saude, crescimento e desenvolvimento. Sao desconhecidas as praticas de suplementacao nos lactentes portugueses. Pretendeu-se caracterizar a suplementacao em vitaminas e minerais e quantificar a sua associacao com fatores sociodemograficos e sanitarios, numa amostra representativa nacional. Metodos: Do questionario retrospetivo, presencial, aplicado aos acompanhantes de 2232 criancas (12-36 meses) e integrado no protocolo do Estudo do Padrao Alimentar e de Crescimento na Infância - Portugal 2012, foi retirada informacao relativa a toma de suplementos durante o primeiro ano de vida. Resultados: Verificou-se que 68,3% dos lactentes portugueses efetuam suplementacao com vitamina D e 16,6%, 24,0 % e 4,5% efetuam, respetivamente, com ferro, vitamina C e fluor. Residir na zona Norte (exceto para o fluor) ou ser acompanhado em simultâneo por pediatra/medico de familia, associa-se a maior frequencia ...
No projeto Geracao XXI (www.geracao21.com), que segue o crescimento de cerca de 8500 criancas des... more No projeto Geracao XXI (www.geracao21.com), que segue o crescimento de cerca de 8500 criancas desde o nascimento, avaliamos entre muitas outras caracteristicas, os seus habitos alimentares. Com base nos resultados dessa avaliacao, bem como na evidencia existente na literatura cientifica elaboramos este guia pratico, dirigido a Pais e outros Cuidadores de criancas em idade pre-escolar, que pretendemos que seja um suporte na educacao alimentar das criancas.
Gaceta Sanitaria, 2018
Objective: To describe the environmental practices of participants in an urban organic community ... more Objective: To describe the environmental practices of participants in an urban organic community garden at the beginning of their gardening experience and after a period of six months, and to discover their opinion about how this activity influenced the consumption of vegetables, fruits and organic food. Method: Interviews using structured questionnaires were conducted twice with 115 city dwellers: when they started in the vegetable garden and about 6 months later. The questionnaire included questions related to environmental practices. The second evaluation also included questions related to the consumption of organic food, vegetables and fruit. Results: This research showed significant behavioural transformation, including positive outcomes in environmental practices such as recycling and trying to persuade friends or family to recycle, compost leftovers or choose to walk/bike to save petrol. In the opinion of the participants, activities in the organic community garden helped to increase consumption of fruits, vegetables and organic food. Conclusion: The study results reinforce the hypothesis that an organic community vegetable garden can induce significant, positive behavioural changes among its users. In particular this research suggests horticulture is associated with positive improvements in personal environmental behaviours, awareness of the environment's high social priority and increased consumption of organic food, fruit and vegetables.
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2011
or older reported receipt of a mammogram. Compared to women 40e49 years old, those aged 50e69 had... more or older reported receipt of a mammogram. Compared to women 40e49 years old, those aged 50e69 had higher odds of having been screened (1.076 in 2003 and 1.354 in 2008), those aged 70 or older had lower odds (0.513 in 2003 and 0.625 in 2008). The odds increase with family income, education, being married, seeing a physician. Having insurance doubles the odds, as does living in a metropolitan area (3.620 in 2003 and 3.322 in 2008). Compared to the North region, residents in all other regions had larger odds. Conclusions The age-group targeted by the national policy had marked increase in screening coverage. There are indications of a lessening in inequalities due to income levels, but disparities linked to regional variation have not been reduced.
Nutrition Bulletin
Adopting eco‐friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant‐based protein food sources ... more Adopting eco‐friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant‐based protein food sources such as legumes. However, assessing the impact of such a dietary shift on the dietary and nutritional intake of traditionally omnivorous populations is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of substituting a traditional omnivorous‐based lunch for a vegetarian, legume‐based meal on the daily dietary and nutritional intake in a group of omnivorous adults in the city of Porto, Portugal. Nineteen, non‐vegetarian, healthy young adults consumed a vegetarian, legume‐based meal from Monday to Friday, for 8 consecutive weeks. Socio‐demographic data, health status, lifestyle‐related information and anthropometric parameters were recorded. Three‐day food records were used to collect food intake at baseline and week 8. European Food Safety Authority and World Health Organization reference values were used to assess nutritional inadequacies. Variables were described as medians ...
Vitamins and Minerals Biofortification of Edible Plants, 2020
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022
Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sou... more Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and fibers. They also contain several non-nutrients that historically have been connotated as toxic but that in recent years have been shown to have interesting bioactive properties. The discussion on the role of bioactive non-nutrients is becoming more important due to increasing science-based evidence on their potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anticarcinogenic properties. At a time when legume-based products consumption is being strongly promoted by national governments and health authorities, there is a need to clearly define the recommended levels of such non-nutrients in human diets. However, there is insufficient data determining the ideal amount of non-nutrients in legume grains, which will exert the most positive health benefits. This is aligned with insufficient studies that clearly demonstrate if the positive h...
The hypothesis that the symptoms of autism spectrum disorders can be a ected by excluding foods c... more The hypothesis that the symptoms of autism spectrum disorders can be a ected by excluding foods containing gluten and casein has generated considerable interest among researchers. A review of the literature describing the results of gluten-and casein-free diet as a therapeutic intervention was performed. Based on an analysis of PubMed® citations using the search terms ["casein" OR "gluten" AND "autism"], 64 articles were listed, 7 of which met our inclusion criteria. All, but one, of the papers supported a positive e ect for a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism, where symptoms were duly mitigated. Only a few studies have experimentally assessed the potential e ectiveness of a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism and the existing studies are based on small sample sizes and on short term treatment duration. Further controlled studies are required to clarify the role of a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism spectrum disorders.
The Knee, 2013
To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunn... more To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter. Seventeen patients underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction with hamstring autologous graft. All patients underwent CT of the knee on the day of surgery, at 3 months and 12 months post-op. On the day of surgery, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 77.0 and 79.0mm(2), respectively at 15 mm and 20mm from the tip of the posterior wall of the tunnel. At 3 months, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 70.0 and 65.0mm(2), at 15 mm and 20mm. At 12 months post-op, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 69.0 and 69.0mm(2). The median enlargement of the tunnels between 3 months and 12 months post-op was 0.0mm(2) at 15 mm and -2.0mm(2) at 20mm. The impaction of an autologous bone dowel in the tibial tunnel during hamstring ACL reconstruction keeps the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter, and there is no further enlargement of the tunnels after 3 months post-op.
To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunn... more To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter. Seventeen patients underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction with hamstring autologous graft. All patients underwent CT of the knee on the day of surgery, at 3 months and 12 months post-op. On the day of surgery, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 77.0 and 79.0mm(2), respectively at 15 mm and 20mm from the tip of the posterior wall of the tunnel. At 3 months, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 70.0 and 65.0mm(2), at 15 mm and 20mm. At 12 months post-op, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 69.0 and 69.0mm(2). The median enlargement of the tunnels between 3 months and 12 months post-op was 0.0mm(2) at 15 mm and -2.0mm(2) at 20mm. The impaction of an autologous bone dowel in the tibial tunnel during hamstring ACL reconstruction keeps the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter, and there is no further enlargement of the tunnels after 3 months post-op.
Journal of Functional Foods
Nutrition Bulletin
Urbanisation is hastening the transition from traditional food habits to less healthy diets, whic... more Urbanisation is hastening the transition from traditional food habits to less healthy diets, which are becoming more common among Kenyans. No up‐to‐date studies on usual dietary intake and the main food sources of adult Kenyans are available. The aim of the present study was to identify the main food sources of nutrients in the diet of urban adult Kenyans and explore potential associations with demographic variables including age, sex, level of education, occupation and body mass index. The study adopted a cross‐sectional design. The dietary intake of 486 adult Kenyans from Nairobi was assessed using a validated, culture‐sensitive, semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between food sources and demographic variables. Macronutrient intakes as a proportion of total energy intake (TEI) were within international dietary guidelines. Cereals and grain products (34.0%), sugar, syrups, sweets and snacks (9.8%), fr...
Objective: To compare the Eating Out phenomenon among university students from private and public... more Objective: To compare the Eating Out phenomenon among university students from private and public schools. Methodology: Cross-sectional study conducted among 317 students from private (Biotechnology Faculty) and public (Engineering Faculty) universities aged 19 to 23 years old. Lifestyle variables such as food habits as well as socio-demographic background variables were included in a selfadministered structured questionnaire. Results: The proportion of students from the private university who take more than four meals per day is significantly higher than the proportion of students at public university (60.3% vs. 32.1%, p<0.001) but there are no significant differences in the number of meals taken away from home (proportion of students who take more than two meals away from home: 30.6% Biotechnology Faculty vs. 33.7% Engineering Faculty, p=0.606). The canteen is the most referred place to eat out of home (40.8%) and the proportion of students from the private university who choos...
Nutrients, Mar 11, 2024
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Arquivos de Medicina, 2005
Maternal and Child Nutrition, Aug 1, 2009
This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequen... more This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to estimate nutrient intake among Portuguese pregnant women. A sample of 101 pregnant women completed a 3-day food diary (FD) in each pregnancy trimester (reference method) and an intervieweradministered FFQ in the immediate post-partum period. Ranking women according to their usual intake showed that, on average, 65% were classified into the same Ϯ1 quintile and 2.4% into opposite quintiles by the two methods. Energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlation coefficients ranged from 0.20 (protein) to 0.58 (riboflavin). Similar results were obtained when the FFQ was compared to each trimester-specific FD. To assess the FFQ reproducibility, 70 women in their third pregnancy trimester were interviewed twice within a 2-week interval. The level of agreement was high, with Ն75% of the participants being classified into the same Ϯ1 quintile by the two administrations for 13 of the 15 nutrients examined. A review of the published literature revealed that this is the first FFQ to take the whole pregnancy as its reference time window. Our findings showed that a single administration of this FFQ in the immediate post-partum period is a valid tool to rank Portuguese pregnant women according to their intakes.
PLOS ONE
Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, university students were considered a v... more Throughout the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, university students were considered a vulnerable risk group for mental health impairment and wellbeing deterioration. This study aimed at evaluating the pandemic’s impact on the physical and mental health and wellbeing among students of a Portuguese university. This cross-sectional study included 913 participants and ran from June to October 2020. Data collected included sociodemographics, three mental health self-report questionnaires (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Brief COPE) and lifestyle practices (eating and sleeping patterns, media, and entertainment habits) during the first months of the pandemic, which included a 72-day full national lockdown. Descriptive and correlational statistical analysis were conducted. Students’ food habits changed during the pandemic, namely on the consumption of snacks and fast food and, overall, less balanced meals became more prevalent. Addit...
Nutrients
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Journal of Food Processing & Beverages
It is well established that BCP could have several health benefits, mainly related to its fibre c... more It is well established that BCP could have several health benefits, mainly related to its fibre content. This study aimed to evaluate the BCP consumption in Portugal, the reasons behind the consumers' choices, and evaluate consumer awareness on fibre content and health benefits. The hypotheses were that i) consumers are not aware of the dietary fibre benefits nor the relationship between daily intake and benefits; ii) BCP are a good strategy to increase fibre intake. The novelty of this work is related to the fibre awareness evaluation and whether the increase in fibre content on BCP could increase its consumer interest. A cross-sectional study with both quantitative (survey) and qualitative (focus group) approaches was performed. A total of 1126 participants completed the survey, and two focus group were performed, one focus group with people with 24-31 years old and another with parents with ages between 33-41 years old. It was assessed the effect of parenting on BCP perception, consumption, and purchase. More than half of the Portuguese population consume BCP at least once a week, mainly at breakfast, for convenience, taste, and healthiness. Granola and flakes are the mainly consumed by adults, and extruded and flakes by children. Consumers identify a lack of products that combine taste and healthiness.
Introducao: A adequacao nutricional e o status vitaminico e mineral sao determinantes para a saud... more Introducao: A adequacao nutricional e o status vitaminico e mineral sao determinantes para a saude, crescimento e desenvolvimento. Sao desconhecidas as praticas de suplementacao nos lactentes portugueses. Pretendeu-se caracterizar a suplementacao em vitaminas e minerais e quantificar a sua associacao com fatores sociodemograficos e sanitarios, numa amostra representativa nacional. Metodos: Do questionario retrospetivo, presencial, aplicado aos acompanhantes de 2232 criancas (12-36 meses) e integrado no protocolo do Estudo do Padrao Alimentar e de Crescimento na Infância - Portugal 2012, foi retirada informacao relativa a toma de suplementos durante o primeiro ano de vida. Resultados: Verificou-se que 68,3% dos lactentes portugueses efetuam suplementacao com vitamina D e 16,6%, 24,0 % e 4,5% efetuam, respetivamente, com ferro, vitamina C e fluor. Residir na zona Norte (exceto para o fluor) ou ser acompanhado em simultâneo por pediatra/medico de familia, associa-se a maior frequencia ...
No projeto Geracao XXI (www.geracao21.com), que segue o crescimento de cerca de 8500 criancas des... more No projeto Geracao XXI (www.geracao21.com), que segue o crescimento de cerca de 8500 criancas desde o nascimento, avaliamos entre muitas outras caracteristicas, os seus habitos alimentares. Com base nos resultados dessa avaliacao, bem como na evidencia existente na literatura cientifica elaboramos este guia pratico, dirigido a Pais e outros Cuidadores de criancas em idade pre-escolar, que pretendemos que seja um suporte na educacao alimentar das criancas.
Gaceta Sanitaria, 2018
Objective: To describe the environmental practices of participants in an urban organic community ... more Objective: To describe the environmental practices of participants in an urban organic community garden at the beginning of their gardening experience and after a period of six months, and to discover their opinion about how this activity influenced the consumption of vegetables, fruits and organic food. Method: Interviews using structured questionnaires were conducted twice with 115 city dwellers: when they started in the vegetable garden and about 6 months later. The questionnaire included questions related to environmental practices. The second evaluation also included questions related to the consumption of organic food, vegetables and fruit. Results: This research showed significant behavioural transformation, including positive outcomes in environmental practices such as recycling and trying to persuade friends or family to recycle, compost leftovers or choose to walk/bike to save petrol. In the opinion of the participants, activities in the organic community garden helped to increase consumption of fruits, vegetables and organic food. Conclusion: The study results reinforce the hypothesis that an organic community vegetable garden can induce significant, positive behavioural changes among its users. In particular this research suggests horticulture is associated with positive improvements in personal environmental behaviours, awareness of the environment's high social priority and increased consumption of organic food, fruit and vegetables.
Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2011
or older reported receipt of a mammogram. Compared to women 40e49 years old, those aged 50e69 had... more or older reported receipt of a mammogram. Compared to women 40e49 years old, those aged 50e69 had higher odds of having been screened (1.076 in 2003 and 1.354 in 2008), those aged 70 or older had lower odds (0.513 in 2003 and 0.625 in 2008). The odds increase with family income, education, being married, seeing a physician. Having insurance doubles the odds, as does living in a metropolitan area (3.620 in 2003 and 3.322 in 2008). Compared to the North region, residents in all other regions had larger odds. Conclusions The age-group targeted by the national policy had marked increase in screening coverage. There are indications of a lessening in inequalities due to income levels, but disparities linked to regional variation have not been reduced.
Nutrition Bulletin
Adopting eco‐friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant‐based protein food sources ... more Adopting eco‐friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant‐based protein food sources such as legumes. However, assessing the impact of such a dietary shift on the dietary and nutritional intake of traditionally omnivorous populations is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of substituting a traditional omnivorous‐based lunch for a vegetarian, legume‐based meal on the daily dietary and nutritional intake in a group of omnivorous adults in the city of Porto, Portugal. Nineteen, non‐vegetarian, healthy young adults consumed a vegetarian, legume‐based meal from Monday to Friday, for 8 consecutive weeks. Socio‐demographic data, health status, lifestyle‐related information and anthropometric parameters were recorded. Three‐day food records were used to collect food intake at baseline and week 8. European Food Safety Authority and World Health Organization reference values were used to assess nutritional inadequacies. Variables were described as medians ...
Vitamins and Minerals Biofortification of Edible Plants, 2020
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022
Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sou... more Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and fibers. They also contain several non-nutrients that historically have been connotated as toxic but that in recent years have been shown to have interesting bioactive properties. The discussion on the role of bioactive non-nutrients is becoming more important due to increasing science-based evidence on their potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anticarcinogenic properties. At a time when legume-based products consumption is being strongly promoted by national governments and health authorities, there is a need to clearly define the recommended levels of such non-nutrients in human diets. However, there is insufficient data determining the ideal amount of non-nutrients in legume grains, which will exert the most positive health benefits. This is aligned with insufficient studies that clearly demonstrate if the positive h...
The hypothesis that the symptoms of autism spectrum disorders can be a ected by excluding foods c... more The hypothesis that the symptoms of autism spectrum disorders can be a ected by excluding foods containing gluten and casein has generated considerable interest among researchers. A review of the literature describing the results of gluten-and casein-free diet as a therapeutic intervention was performed. Based on an analysis of PubMed® citations using the search terms ["casein" OR "gluten" AND "autism"], 64 articles were listed, 7 of which met our inclusion criteria. All, but one, of the papers supported a positive e ect for a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism, where symptoms were duly mitigated. Only a few studies have experimentally assessed the potential e ectiveness of a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism and the existing studies are based on small sample sizes and on short term treatment duration. Further controlled studies are required to clarify the role of a gluten-and casein-free diet for cases of autism spectrum disorders.
The Knee, 2013
To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunn... more To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter. Seventeen patients underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction with hamstring autologous graft. All patients underwent CT of the knee on the day of surgery, at 3 months and 12 months post-op. On the day of surgery, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 77.0 and 79.0mm(2), respectively at 15 mm and 20mm from the tip of the posterior wall of the tunnel. At 3 months, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 70.0 and 65.0mm(2), at 15 mm and 20mm. At 12 months post-op, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 69.0 and 69.0mm(2). The median enlargement of the tunnels between 3 months and 12 months post-op was 0.0mm(2) at 15 mm and -2.0mm(2) at 20mm. The impaction of an autologous bone dowel in the tibial tunnel during hamstring ACL reconstruction keeps the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter, and there is no further enlargement of the tunnels after 3 months post-op.
To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunn... more To evaluate prospectively if the impaction of a bone dowel in the tibial tunnel prevents the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter. Seventeen patients underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction with hamstring autologous graft. All patients underwent CT of the knee on the day of surgery, at 3 months and 12 months post-op. On the day of surgery, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 77.0 and 79.0mm(2), respectively at 15 mm and 20mm from the tip of the posterior wall of the tunnel. At 3 months, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 70.0 and 65.0mm(2), at 15 mm and 20mm. At 12 months post-op, the median cross-sectional areas of the tunnels were 69.0 and 69.0mm(2). The median enlargement of the tunnels between 3 months and 12 months post-op was 0.0mm(2) at 15 mm and -2.0mm(2) at 20mm. The impaction of an autologous bone dowel in the tibial tunnel during hamstring ACL reconstruction keeps the tunnels from enlarging beyond their original diameter, and there is no further enlargement of the tunnels after 3 months post-op.