Elizabeth Diaz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Elizabeth Diaz
Summary Managing uncertainties is vital for the economic assessment of exploration, appraisal and... more Summary Managing uncertainties is vital for the economic assessment of exploration, appraisal and development of a field. A key factor resides in the integration of data at different scales. This paper will focus on an integrated DRP (Digital Rock Physics) workflow from pore to core using multi-scale x-ray CT imaging. In gas shale, understanding of the internal pore architecture down to 3 nanometer scale is crucial for accurately determining porosity, pore connectivity, total organic content (TOC) and it’s connectivity, and permeability. Different resolutions are used on gas shale samples, from macro, micro and nano scale to the newly developed FIB -SEM resolution. The volumes obtained from macro-CT scanning used on one-meter core sections, constitutes the link between properties computed on very small samples (10 microns/diameter) and the log data.
Simultaneous flow of two liquid phases through an organic shale pore system was modeled using a L... more Simultaneous flow of two liquid phases through an organic shale pore system was modeled using a Lattice-Boltzmann method. This paper describes the methods and results of this modeling project which was designed to quantify the range of expected permeability and relative permeability in samples from a shale formation in Colombia. Porosity versus absolute permeability trends were determined for 44 well samples using digital rock physics (DRP) methods. The formation samples average about 6% organic material content by volume. The total porosity range observed is from about 3 to 15%. For total porosity of 4% or above, the calculated horizontal permeability is generally above 100 nano-Darcy (nD). For porosity of 8%, the calculated horizontal permeability is typically 1000 nD or more. From these 44 samples, four were selected for oil-water and two for gas-water relative permeability analysis. Two phase flow modeling was conducted using several scenarios. Imbibition relative permeability c...
Hart S E P, 2010
Accurate rock characterization is vital for maximizing hydrocar-bon recovery and asset value duri... more Accurate rock characterization is vital for maximizing hydrocar-bon recovery and asset value during the exploration, appraisal, and development of a field. Oil companies routinely face the challenge of coring representative intervals that provide relevant information for reservoir ...
13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26–29 August 2013, 2013
The Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH) is responsible for structuring and promoting opportun... more The Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH) is responsible for structuring and promoting opportunities for exploration and exploitation of the Colombian subsoil. The agency also assumes functions that emphasize the management of those resources, and proposes studies and research in the areas of geology and geophysics to generate new knowledge in the sedimentary basins of Colombia. The objectives are to evaluate and realize the potential of hydrocarbons as well as to optimize the use of the resources.
EAGE/SPE Joint Workshop - Well Testing and Seismics, 2009
The Leading Edge, 2003
Marañón Basin, in the northwestern corner of Perú is, in general terms, a relatively simple west-... more Marañón Basin, in the northwestern corner of Perú is, in general terms, a relatively simple west-dipping sedimentary wedge with sediments ranging in age from Jurassic or older (in the deeper western foredeep) to Tertiary onlapping (on the Brazilian craton to the east). ...
Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, 2010
Knowledge of the elastic properties of rock, such as Vp, Vs, and Poisson’s ratio, is required inp... more Knowledge of the elastic properties of rock, such as Vp, Vs, and Poisson’s ratio, is required input to accurate and rigorous reservoir description. Traditionally, these values had been acquired from log data or direct measurement in a physical laboratory. Recent advances in imaging and image processing, together with improved availability of high performance computing, gave rise to digital techniques for investigating the properties of rock samples. These techniques are based on high-resolution imaging of the rock’s pore space, segmentation of the images into pores and various minerals and simulation of the physical processes controlled by the desired rock properties. These techniques form the novel discipline of digital rock physics (DRP). The goal of the current work is to validate the results of DRP measurements of elastic parameters by comparing them with the results obtained in traditional physical laboratories. This study includes eight core plugs from a Cretaceous formation, ...
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009, 2009
SPE Deep Gas Conference and Exhibition, 2010
Digital rock physics involves high-resolution imaging of rocks, creation of 3D digital (or virtua... more Digital rock physics involves high-resolution imaging of rocks, creation of 3D digital (or virtual) rocks, and sophisticated rock property computations. The state-of-the-art CT scanners currently in use allow complicated reservoir rocks to be imaged at resolutions ranging from +50 microns (μm) to a few nano-meters, suitable for analyzing conventional as well as unconventional rocks like tight sandstones, carbonates and shales. Precise separation and capture of the actual pore space in a rock and its solid matrix enables numerical simulations of multi-phase fluid flows within the pores, and makes possible fast and accurate computations of essential rock properties. Key reservoir parameters, such as porosity, absolute and relative permeability, can be computed within a few hours up to a couple of weeks. Unlike traditional physical measurements, digital imaging-based computational rock physics is not constrained by the shape and size of rock samples under investigation, and therefore c...
SPE/DGS Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, 2011
This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of informat... more This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, its officers, or members. Papers presented at the SPE meetings are subject to publication review by Editorial Committee of Society of Petroleum Engineers. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Society of Petroleum Engineers is prohibited.
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2010
Shale gas is a growing resource worldwide as many basins are being explored and produced. However... more Shale gas is a growing resource worldwide as many basins are being explored and produced. However, little is still known and understood about two key parameters in gas shales: the gas-filled porosity and permeability. Digital rock physics technique, presented in this paper, contains three basic steps: (a) 3D CT imaging at 200 nanometer resolution, and/or FIB-SEM (focused ion beam combined with SEM) imaging at 3-15 nanometer resolution (b) segmentation of the digital volume to quantitatively identify the components, including the mineral phases, organic-filled pores, and free-gas inclusions; and (c) computations of TOC (Total Organic Content), porosity, pore connectivity, and permeability in three axis. A number of gas shale samples have been used, to specifically analyze the pore systems. The characteristics including dual porosity, organics distribution, gas-filled porosity distribution, and how these properties relate to the maturity of the organic material. Pore geometries (pores...
Proceedings of the 2nd Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, 2014
The rock quality of nine major hydrocarbon basins of Colombia was analyzed using a new technology... more The rock quality of nine major hydrocarbon basins of Colombia was analyzed using a new technology called digital rock physics (DRP). The study consisted of image and computational analysis on 140 wells from the national core repository “Bernardo Taborda” provided by the Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH). Targeting shale rich reservoirs, the three main basins of study were the Catatumbo, Llanos, and Middle Magdalena Valley. A DRP analysis that scaled resolution with sample size was performed until individual pores were visible and computations of porosity and directional permeability could be calculated. Numerically efficient fluid flow algorithms allowed for the computation of shale reservoir properties and provided clear 3D renderings of pore and organic matter structures. Once core analysis was complete, DRP data was integrated with well log data in order to create an upscaled petrophysical model for 134 wells found in these basins. Within these three basins the La Luna and Gacheta formation data are presented here. Multiple digital imaging techniques and computations were used to determine properties such as mineralogy, porosity, organic content, porosity associated with organic content and absolute permeability. Upon completion, a comparison was made with the Eagle Ford and Wolfcamp formations from North America. The data show the rock qualities from the Colombian samples are comparable.
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001, 2001
We report measurements on glauconitic sandstones as a function of pressure. Glauconite is an iron... more We report measurements on glauconitic sandstones as a function of pressure. Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite grains, and intergranular cement. Identifying glauconite in the subsurface is important for depositional ...
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2009
Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, 2011
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013, 2013
La Luna Formation in northern South America is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon source rocks ... more La Luna Formation in northern South America is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon source rocks in the world. Recently, La Luna Formation has also gained a significant exploration potential as an unconventional oil/gas target in Colombia. Recent developments in Digital Rock Physics (DRP) technologies allowed us to conduct a multi-scale rock characterization study on approximately 2900 ft. of core recovered from La Luna Formation in the Central Part of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (MMVB) in Colombia.
The Leading Edge, 2003
Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite gra... more Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite grains, and intergranular cement. Its density ranges between 2.4 g/cm 3 and 2.95 g/cm 3 , averaging 2.67 g/cm 3 . It has a Moh's scale hardness of 2. Authigenic glauconite is formed under a ...
Summary Managing uncertainties is vital for the economic assessment of exploration, appraisal and... more Summary Managing uncertainties is vital for the economic assessment of exploration, appraisal and development of a field. A key factor resides in the integration of data at different scales. This paper will focus on an integrated DRP (Digital Rock Physics) workflow from pore to core using multi-scale x-ray CT imaging. In gas shale, understanding of the internal pore architecture down to 3 nanometer scale is crucial for accurately determining porosity, pore connectivity, total organic content (TOC) and it’s connectivity, and permeability. Different resolutions are used on gas shale samples, from macro, micro and nano scale to the newly developed FIB -SEM resolution. The volumes obtained from macro-CT scanning used on one-meter core sections, constitutes the link between properties computed on very small samples (10 microns/diameter) and the log data.
Simultaneous flow of two liquid phases through an organic shale pore system was modeled using a L... more Simultaneous flow of two liquid phases through an organic shale pore system was modeled using a Lattice-Boltzmann method. This paper describes the methods and results of this modeling project which was designed to quantify the range of expected permeability and relative permeability in samples from a shale formation in Colombia. Porosity versus absolute permeability trends were determined for 44 well samples using digital rock physics (DRP) methods. The formation samples average about 6% organic material content by volume. The total porosity range observed is from about 3 to 15%. For total porosity of 4% or above, the calculated horizontal permeability is generally above 100 nano-Darcy (nD). For porosity of 8%, the calculated horizontal permeability is typically 1000 nD or more. From these 44 samples, four were selected for oil-water and two for gas-water relative permeability analysis. Two phase flow modeling was conducted using several scenarios. Imbibition relative permeability c...
Hart S E P, 2010
Accurate rock characterization is vital for maximizing hydrocar-bon recovery and asset value duri... more Accurate rock characterization is vital for maximizing hydrocar-bon recovery and asset value during the exploration, appraisal, and development of a field. Oil companies routinely face the challenge of coring representative intervals that provide relevant information for reservoir ...
13th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society & EXPOGEF, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26–29 August 2013, 2013
The Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH) is responsible for structuring and promoting opportun... more The Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH) is responsible for structuring and promoting opportunities for exploration and exploitation of the Colombian subsoil. The agency also assumes functions that emphasize the management of those resources, and proposes studies and research in the areas of geology and geophysics to generate new knowledge in the sedimentary basins of Colombia. The objectives are to evaluate and realize the potential of hydrocarbons as well as to optimize the use of the resources.
EAGE/SPE Joint Workshop - Well Testing and Seismics, 2009
The Leading Edge, 2003
Marañón Basin, in the northwestern corner of Perú is, in general terms, a relatively simple west-... more Marañón Basin, in the northwestern corner of Perú is, in general terms, a relatively simple west-dipping sedimentary wedge with sediments ranging in age from Jurassic or older (in the deeper western foredeep) to Tertiary onlapping (on the Brazilian craton to the east). ...
Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, 2010
Knowledge of the elastic properties of rock, such as Vp, Vs, and Poisson’s ratio, is required inp... more Knowledge of the elastic properties of rock, such as Vp, Vs, and Poisson’s ratio, is required input to accurate and rigorous reservoir description. Traditionally, these values had been acquired from log data or direct measurement in a physical laboratory. Recent advances in imaging and image processing, together with improved availability of high performance computing, gave rise to digital techniques for investigating the properties of rock samples. These techniques are based on high-resolution imaging of the rock’s pore space, segmentation of the images into pores and various minerals and simulation of the physical processes controlled by the desired rock properties. These techniques form the novel discipline of digital rock physics (DRP). The goal of the current work is to validate the results of DRP measurements of elastic parameters by comparing them with the results obtained in traditional physical laboratories. This study includes eight core plugs from a Cretaceous formation, ...
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2009, 2009
SPE Deep Gas Conference and Exhibition, 2010
Digital rock physics involves high-resolution imaging of rocks, creation of 3D digital (or virtua... more Digital rock physics involves high-resolution imaging of rocks, creation of 3D digital (or virtual) rocks, and sophisticated rock property computations. The state-of-the-art CT scanners currently in use allow complicated reservoir rocks to be imaged at resolutions ranging from +50 microns (μm) to a few nano-meters, suitable for analyzing conventional as well as unconventional rocks like tight sandstones, carbonates and shales. Precise separation and capture of the actual pore space in a rock and its solid matrix enables numerical simulations of multi-phase fluid flows within the pores, and makes possible fast and accurate computations of essential rock properties. Key reservoir parameters, such as porosity, absolute and relative permeability, can be computed within a few hours up to a couple of weeks. Unlike traditional physical measurements, digital imaging-based computational rock physics is not constrained by the shape and size of rock samples under investigation, and therefore c...
SPE/DGS Saudi Arabia Section Technical Symposium and Exhibition, 2011
This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of informat... more This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, its officers, or members. Papers presented at the SPE meetings are subject to publication review by Editorial Committee of Society of Petroleum Engineers. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Society of Petroleum Engineers is prohibited.
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2010
Shale gas is a growing resource worldwide as many basins are being explored and produced. However... more Shale gas is a growing resource worldwide as many basins are being explored and produced. However, little is still known and understood about two key parameters in gas shales: the gas-filled porosity and permeability. Digital rock physics technique, presented in this paper, contains three basic steps: (a) 3D CT imaging at 200 nanometer resolution, and/or FIB-SEM (focused ion beam combined with SEM) imaging at 3-15 nanometer resolution (b) segmentation of the digital volume to quantitatively identify the components, including the mineral phases, organic-filled pores, and free-gas inclusions; and (c) computations of TOC (Total Organic Content), porosity, pore connectivity, and permeability in three axis. A number of gas shale samples have been used, to specifically analyze the pore systems. The characteristics including dual porosity, organics distribution, gas-filled porosity distribution, and how these properties relate to the maturity of the organic material. Pore geometries (pores...
Proceedings of the 2nd Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, 2014
The rock quality of nine major hydrocarbon basins of Colombia was analyzed using a new technology... more The rock quality of nine major hydrocarbon basins of Colombia was analyzed using a new technology called digital rock physics (DRP). The study consisted of image and computational analysis on 140 wells from the national core repository “Bernardo Taborda” provided by the Agencia Nacional de Hidrocarburos (ANH). Targeting shale rich reservoirs, the three main basins of study were the Catatumbo, Llanos, and Middle Magdalena Valley. A DRP analysis that scaled resolution with sample size was performed until individual pores were visible and computations of porosity and directional permeability could be calculated. Numerically efficient fluid flow algorithms allowed for the computation of shale reservoir properties and provided clear 3D renderings of pore and organic matter structures. Once core analysis was complete, DRP data was integrated with well log data in order to create an upscaled petrophysical model for 134 wells found in these basins. Within these three basins the La Luna and Gacheta formation data are presented here. Multiple digital imaging techniques and computations were used to determine properties such as mineralogy, porosity, organic content, porosity associated with organic content and absolute permeability. Upon completion, a comparison was made with the Eagle Ford and Wolfcamp formations from North America. The data show the rock qualities from the Colombian samples are comparable.
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2001, 2001
We report measurements on glauconitic sandstones as a function of pressure. Glauconite is an iron... more We report measurements on glauconitic sandstones as a function of pressure. Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite grains, and intergranular cement. Identifying glauconite in the subsurface is important for depositional ...
SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, 2009
Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, 2011
SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2013, 2013
La Luna Formation in northern South America is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon source rocks ... more La Luna Formation in northern South America is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon source rocks in the world. Recently, La Luna Formation has also gained a significant exploration potential as an unconventional oil/gas target in Colombia. Recent developments in Digital Rock Physics (DRP) technologies allowed us to conduct a multi-scale rock characterization study on approximately 2900 ft. of core recovered from La Luna Formation in the Central Part of the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin (MMVB) in Colombia.
The Leading Edge, 2003
Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite gra... more Glauconite is an iron rich variety of clay that can be found as individual pellets, composite grains, and intergranular cement. Its density ranges between 2.4 g/cm 3 and 2.95 g/cm 3 , averaging 2.67 g/cm 3 . It has a Moh's scale hardness of 2. Authigenic glauconite is formed under a ...