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Papers by Elizabeth Kostas-Polston

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 2016

Nursing Science Quarterly, 2008

Practicing from a humanbecoming perspective is challenging and rewarding for the nurse clinician.... more Practicing from a humanbecoming perspective is challenging and rewarding for the nurse clinician. In this column, the author discusses the challenges faced when working as a women's health nurse practitioner, with a simultaneity worldview, in a medical model world.

Biological Research For Nursing, 2016

Women veterans have increased reports of sexual victimization compared to women in general, inclu... more Women veterans have increased reports of sexual victimization compared to women in general, including childhood sexual assault (CSA) before military service, increasing the risk of military sexual trauma. Findings from recent studies reveal negative health effects following a history of CSA. There is a strong relationship between CSA and revictimization in civilian and military life, which may contribute to allostatic load. (1) To determine the relationship between women veterans' CSA history and later sexual assault history and (2) to determine the relationships between women veterans' CSA and primary mediators and secondary and tertiary outcomes of allostasis. Cross-sectional. Women (N = 81), 18-70 years old, veterans of the U.S. Armed Services. Participants completed questionnaires and blood and hair samples were collected. Several scales were utilized: Posttraumatic Checklist-Military, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, Pain Outcomes Questionnaire-Short Form, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Profile of Mood States, and an investigator-developed sexual harassment/assault instrument. Thirty-three percent of participants reported CSA; of these, 38.5% reported military sexual assault and 70.3% sexual assault during civilian life. Those with CSA had higher cholesterol, triglycerides, perceived stress scores, and greater pain and fatigue than those without CSA. Hair cortisol was marginally lower in women with CSA when PSS was controlled, suggesting a dampened hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These data suggest that some women veterans with a history of CSA may have increased allostatic load and be at increased risk for a variety of later life illnesses.

Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) epidemic remains a public health burden. Although the ... more Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) epidemic remains a public health burden. Although the majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic or self-limited, acquisition of alpha or high risk (HR) HPV can result in neoplastic changes of lower genital and non-genital sites. Expression of HPV16 E7 & E6 and HPV5 E7 & E6 oncoproteins in primary, human epithelial cells leads to genomic instability. Molecular processes involved in genomic destabilization are essential for the development of cancer. HPV-related cancers appear to maintain and express HPV viral oncogenes for years or even decades. Even in advanced stages of disease, strategies targeting gene expression for the prevention of viral oncogene expression can stop the growth or survival of cancer cells. It is possible that HPV targeted strategies, such as pharmacologic molecules that interfere with the expression or action of viral proteins, or that elicit a cytolytic immune response to cells expressing oncoproteins, may prevent p...

American nurse today, 2012

This article proposes an innovative, theoretically-driven intervention to reduce risk from human ... more This article proposes an innovative, theoretically-driven intervention to reduce risk from human papillomavirus (HPV). This lessening of HPV risk would lead to a reduction in the rate of cervical cancer. Aims of this article are to introduce a culturally appropriate model (PEN-3) that may facilitate vaccine uptake among vulnerable populations and to ascertain whether culturally appropriate health education delivered by nurses could be included in vaccine education programs.

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2014

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 2015

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2014

Nursing Science Quarterly, 2006

In this column, the authors discuss ethical and scientific standards in research and publication ... more In this column, the authors discuss ethical and scientific standards in research and publication in light of their worldviews; human science; human becoming; and Parse's conceptual, ethical, methodological, and interpretive dimensions of the research process.

The Nurse Practitioner, 2012

Over the last decade, new information about human papillomavirus infection has increased the heal... more Over the last decade, new information about human papillomavirus infection has increased the healthcare community's understanding of the natural history of the disease and cervical cancer. Advances in screening, management, and diagnosis continue to refine clinicians' efforts to prevent cervical cancer in adolescent females.

Journal of Virology, 2013

FIG 3 Interaction of DYRK1A with 5E6 and 8E6 variants. (A) N-terminal amino acid sequences of 5E6... more FIG 3 Interaction of DYRK1A with 5E6 and 8E6 variants. (A) N-terminal amino acid sequences of 5E6 and 8E6 variants. The amino acids that are different from the prototype E6 proteins are highlighted in black. The bipartite motif implicated in DYRK1/HAN11 interaction of 21E6 and the homologous sequences in 5E6 and 8E6 are indicated by grey shading. (B) Interaction of endogenous DYRK1A. The interaction of endogenous DYRK1A with Flag-tagged E6-GFP fusion proteins of 5E6 and 8E6 was determined as for Fig. 1. The variants deficient in DYRK1A interaction are circled. (C) Interaction of GFP-DYRK1A with E6 variants. The interaction of E6 variants with exogenously introduced GFP-DYRK1A was determined as for Fig. 2. Kuppuswamy et al. 7784 jvi.asm.org Journal of Virology on June 10, 2014 by guest

Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2007

Purpose: To review the concepts of reliability and validity, provide examples of how the concepts... more Purpose: To review the concepts of reliability and validity, provide examples of how the concepts have been used in nursing research, provide guidance for improving the psychometric soundness of instruments, and report suggestions from editors of nursing journals for incorporating psychometric data into manuscripts. Methods: CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases were searched using key words: validity, reliability, and psychometrics. Nursing research articles were eligible for inclusion if they were published in the last 5 years, quantitative methods were used, and statistical evidence of psychometric properties were reported. Reports of strong psychometric properties of instruments were identified as well as those with little supporting evidence of psychometric soundness. Findings: Reports frequently indicated content validity but sometimes the studies had fewer than five experts for review. Criterion validity was rarely reported and errors in the measurement of the criterion were identified. Construct validity remains underreported. Most reports indicated internal consistency reliability (α) but few reports included reliability testing for stability. When retest reliability was asserted, time intervals and correlations were frequently not included. Conclusions: Planning for psychometric testing through design and reducing nonrandom error in measurement will add to the reliability and validity of instruments and increase the strength of study findings. Underreporting of validity might occur because of small sample size, poor design, or lack of resources. Lack of information on psychometric properties and misapplication of psychometric testing is common in the literature. JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, 2007; 39:2, 155-164. C 2007 SIGMA THETA TAU INTERNATIONAL.

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2015

To highlight the importance of advanced practice nurses (APNs) becoming politically engaged as ke... more To highlight the importance of advanced practice nurses (APNs) becoming politically engaged as key to promoting the healthcare interests of patients, communities and the profession and to offer specific strategies on how to become politically competent. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, CINAHL, PubMed. APNs must come to see political engagement as a professional obligation and health policy as something that they can shape rather than something that happens to them. The overall goal of healthcare reform is the provision of quality, safe and cost-effective healthcare for all Americans. APNs are graduate prepared clinicians that focus on health and illness management and are strategically positioned to lead the way in shaping and implementing health policy priorities.

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 2016

Nursing Science Quarterly, 2008

Practicing from a humanbecoming perspective is challenging and rewarding for the nurse clinician.... more Practicing from a humanbecoming perspective is challenging and rewarding for the nurse clinician. In this column, the author discusses the challenges faced when working as a women's health nurse practitioner, with a simultaneity worldview, in a medical model world.

Biological Research For Nursing, 2016

Women veterans have increased reports of sexual victimization compared to women in general, inclu... more Women veterans have increased reports of sexual victimization compared to women in general, including childhood sexual assault (CSA) before military service, increasing the risk of military sexual trauma. Findings from recent studies reveal negative health effects following a history of CSA. There is a strong relationship between CSA and revictimization in civilian and military life, which may contribute to allostatic load. (1) To determine the relationship between women veterans' CSA history and later sexual assault history and (2) to determine the relationships between women veterans' CSA and primary mediators and secondary and tertiary outcomes of allostasis. Cross-sectional. Women (N = 81), 18-70 years old, veterans of the U.S. Armed Services. Participants completed questionnaires and blood and hair samples were collected. Several scales were utilized: Posttraumatic Checklist-Military, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, Pain Outcomes Questionnaire-Short Form, Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Profile of Mood States, and an investigator-developed sexual harassment/assault instrument. Thirty-three percent of participants reported CSA; of these, 38.5% reported military sexual assault and 70.3% sexual assault during civilian life. Those with CSA had higher cholesterol, triglycerides, perceived stress scores, and greater pain and fatigue than those without CSA. Hair cortisol was marginally lower in women with CSA when PSS was controlled, suggesting a dampened hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These data suggest that some women veterans with a history of CSA may have increased allostatic load and be at increased risk for a variety of later life illnesses.

Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) epidemic remains a public health burden. Although the ... more Background: The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) epidemic remains a public health burden. Although the majority of HPV infections are asymptomatic or self-limited, acquisition of alpha or high risk (HR) HPV can result in neoplastic changes of lower genital and non-genital sites. Expression of HPV16 E7 & E6 and HPV5 E7 & E6 oncoproteins in primary, human epithelial cells leads to genomic instability. Molecular processes involved in genomic destabilization are essential for the development of cancer. HPV-related cancers appear to maintain and express HPV viral oncogenes for years or even decades. Even in advanced stages of disease, strategies targeting gene expression for the prevention of viral oncogene expression can stop the growth or survival of cancer cells. It is possible that HPV targeted strategies, such as pharmacologic molecules that interfere with the expression or action of viral proteins, or that elicit a cytolytic immune response to cells expressing oncoproteins, may prevent p...

American nurse today, 2012

This article proposes an innovative, theoretically-driven intervention to reduce risk from human ... more This article proposes an innovative, theoretically-driven intervention to reduce risk from human papillomavirus (HPV). This lessening of HPV risk would lead to a reduction in the rate of cervical cancer. Aims of this article are to introduce a culturally appropriate model (PEN-3) that may facilitate vaccine uptake among vulnerable populations and to ascertain whether culturally appropriate health education delivered by nurses could be included in vaccine education programs.

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2014

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 2015

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2014

Nursing Science Quarterly, 2006

In this column, the authors discuss ethical and scientific standards in research and publication ... more In this column, the authors discuss ethical and scientific standards in research and publication in light of their worldviews; human science; human becoming; and Parse's conceptual, ethical, methodological, and interpretive dimensions of the research process.

The Nurse Practitioner, 2012

Over the last decade, new information about human papillomavirus infection has increased the heal... more Over the last decade, new information about human papillomavirus infection has increased the healthcare community's understanding of the natural history of the disease and cervical cancer. Advances in screening, management, and diagnosis continue to refine clinicians' efforts to prevent cervical cancer in adolescent females.

Journal of Virology, 2013

FIG 3 Interaction of DYRK1A with 5E6 and 8E6 variants. (A) N-terminal amino acid sequences of 5E6... more FIG 3 Interaction of DYRK1A with 5E6 and 8E6 variants. (A) N-terminal amino acid sequences of 5E6 and 8E6 variants. The amino acids that are different from the prototype E6 proteins are highlighted in black. The bipartite motif implicated in DYRK1/HAN11 interaction of 21E6 and the homologous sequences in 5E6 and 8E6 are indicated by grey shading. (B) Interaction of endogenous DYRK1A. The interaction of endogenous DYRK1A with Flag-tagged E6-GFP fusion proteins of 5E6 and 8E6 was determined as for Fig. 1. The variants deficient in DYRK1A interaction are circled. (C) Interaction of GFP-DYRK1A with E6 variants. The interaction of E6 variants with exogenously introduced GFP-DYRK1A was determined as for Fig. 2. Kuppuswamy et al. 7784 jvi.asm.org Journal of Virology on June 10, 2014 by guest

Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2007

Purpose: To review the concepts of reliability and validity, provide examples of how the concepts... more Purpose: To review the concepts of reliability and validity, provide examples of how the concepts have been used in nursing research, provide guidance for improving the psychometric soundness of instruments, and report suggestions from editors of nursing journals for incorporating psychometric data into manuscripts. Methods: CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases were searched using key words: validity, reliability, and psychometrics. Nursing research articles were eligible for inclusion if they were published in the last 5 years, quantitative methods were used, and statistical evidence of psychometric properties were reported. Reports of strong psychometric properties of instruments were identified as well as those with little supporting evidence of psychometric soundness. Findings: Reports frequently indicated content validity but sometimes the studies had fewer than five experts for review. Criterion validity was rarely reported and errors in the measurement of the criterion were identified. Construct validity remains underreported. Most reports indicated internal consistency reliability (α) but few reports included reliability testing for stability. When retest reliability was asserted, time intervals and correlations were frequently not included. Conclusions: Planning for psychometric testing through design and reducing nonrandom error in measurement will add to the reliability and validity of instruments and increase the strength of study findings. Underreporting of validity might occur because of small sample size, poor design, or lack of resources. Lack of information on psychometric properties and misapplication of psychometric testing is common in the literature. JOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, 2007; 39:2, 155-164. C 2007 SIGMA THETA TAU INTERNATIONAL.

Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2015

To highlight the importance of advanced practice nurses (APNs) becoming politically engaged as ke... more To highlight the importance of advanced practice nurses (APNs) becoming politically engaged as key to promoting the healthcare interests of patients, communities and the profession and to offer specific strategies on how to become politically competent. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, CINAHL, PubMed. APNs must come to see political engagement as a professional obligation and health policy as something that they can shape rather than something that happens to them. The overall goal of healthcare reform is the provision of quality, safe and cost-effective healthcare for all Americans. APNs are graduate prepared clinicians that focus on health and illness management and are strategically positioned to lead the way in shaping and implementing health policy priorities.