G. Elske Hildes-Ripstein - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by G. Elske Hildes-Ripstein

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, Apr 1, 2012

Conclusion : Le diabète pendant la grossesse est un facteur de risque significatif de la morbidit... more Conclusion : Le diabète pendant la grossesse est un facteur de risque significatif de la morbidité infantile qui persiste au cours de la première année de vie. L'absence constante de lien de cette cohorte avec la morbidité respiratoire montre une interaction avec le SSÉ et exige de mener d'autres recherches. Ó 2012 Canadian Diabetes Association * Compared to the high SES group. y Described in text due to interaction, all models adjusted for GA, SES grouping, maternal diabetes, maternal age group, parity, congenital anomaly, infant gender, any breastfeeding at discharge and rural residence. z Also adjusted for induced delivery, caesarean section delivery, multiple gestation, size for GA and need for resuscitation at birth. x Also adjusted for short stay at birth as an interaction with GA, NICU admission at birth, ventilation at birth and any morbidity diagnosis at birth.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 1990

Exocytosis of cytotoxic granule contents towards bound target cells is thought to be of central I... more Exocytosis of cytotoxic granule contents towards bound target cells is thought to be of central Importance in natural killer(NK) cell-mediated killing.Although cellular cytotoxiclty Involving degranulation is thought to be calcium-dependent, the biochemical mechanisms that mediate this granule mobilization are unknown. lnosltol-1 ,4,5-trls-phosphate (1P3), which acts to elevate Internal calcium levels, and 1 ,2-dlacylglycerol (DAG), which activates protein kinase C, are potent second messengers that have been shown to synergistically mediate secretion in other cell types. Production of these products of inosltol phosphollpid metabolism has previously been demonstrated in a rat NK cell line RNK upon exposure to susceptible tumor targets. We therefore Investigated the role of 1P3 and DAG In NK-medlated cytotoxicity, specifically at the level of degranulation. Pretreatment of RNK cells with neomycin, a drug that interferes with the hydrolysis of inositel phospholipids and thus inhibits the formation of second messengers, Inhibited RNK cytotoxicity against a susceptible tumor target and also Inhibited RNK production of DAG In response to a similar target. Natural killing exhibited by normal rat nylon wool-nonadherent spienocytes was also Inhibited by neomycin. Phorbol-12-myristate,13-acetate (PMA), a phorbol ester that acts like DAG to activate protein kinase C, markedly enhanced lysis of a susceptible target cell by RNK. We evaluated whether modulation of lysis by these drugs was associated with effects on RNK degranulatlon by assaying the release of a granule-specific serine esterase (BLTE) in response to PMA and the calcium lonophore A231 87. These agents synergized to promote the release of BLTE, and the extent of release was dependent on the concentrations of both agents. D30 and cytochalasin B, which enhance secretion In other cells, both enhanced BLTE release from RNK cells, Indicating that we were detecting BLTE released via granule secretion and not due to nonspecific causes such as cell lysis. Our findings lead us to propose that NK cells form 1P3 and DAG In response to susceptible target cells and that a major function of these second messengers is to mediate the exocytosis of cytotoxic granules towards the bound target cells.

Short course of antibiotics for acute otitis media in children less than 2 years of age?

BMC news and views, Aug 26, 2001

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 1990

Exocytosis of cytotoxic granule contents towards bound target cells is thought to be of central i... more Exocytosis of cytotoxic granule contents towards bound target cells is thought to be of central importance in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing. Although cellular cytotoxicity involving degranulation is thought to be calcium-dependent, the biochemical mechanisms that mediate this granule mobilization are unknown. Inositol-1,4,5-tris-phosphate (IP3), which acts to elevate internal calcium levels, and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG), which activates protein kinase C, are potent second messengers that have been shown to synergistically mediate secretion in other cell types. Production of these products of inositol phospholipid metabolism has previously been demonstrated in a rat NK cell line RNK upon exposure to susceptible tumor targets. We therefore Investigated the role of IP3 and DAG in NK-mediated cytotoxicity, specifically at the level of degranulation. Pretreatment of RNK cells with neomycin, a drug that interferes with the hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids and thus inhibits...

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 2012

Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2021

Objective: Infectious illness, including lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), is a leading c... more Objective: Infectious illness, including lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and infant mortality in Inuit children in Nunavut Canada. The carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) p.P479L variant is common in arctic Indigenous populations of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland. CPT1A is a fatty acid oxidation enzyme expressed in the liver, immunocytes and other tissues, and is needed to use fats for energy during fasting. Previous association of the variant with early childhood infectious illness and infant death has been challenged because of sample size and limited adjustment for confounders. We evaluated whether the p.P479L variant is associated with infectious illness in Inuit children of Nunavut, Canada.Methods: We conducted a retrospective clinical chart review of 2,225 Inuit children (0–5 years) for infectious illness (including otitis media, gastroenteritis, and hospital admission for LRTI), prenatal, perinatal, and socioeconomic in...

Canadian journal of public health, 2002

Numerous child health status measures have been developed, ranging from assessments of physical a... more Numerous child health status measures have been developed, ranging from assessments of physical and mental health to activity continuums. Our objective was to report the regional distribution of physical morbidity among children in Manitoba. Using Manitoba's population-based prescription and health care data for 1998/99, the prevalence of children with lower respiratory tract infections, four chronic conditions (asthma, cardiovascular disease, Type 1 diabetes mellitus and seizure disorders) and physical disabilities, including spina bifida and cerebral palsy, was determined for 12 Regional Health Authorities and 12 Winnipeg Community Areas, ranked by a measure of population healthiness, the premature mortality rate (PMR). Prescription rates were also reported by neighbourhood income quintile, derived from census data. Hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection was highest in infants (6%) and increased with successive decreases in neighbourhood income or in the populat...

Canadian Journal of Public Health, 2002

Background: Numerous child health status measures have been developed, ranging from assessments o... more Background: Numerous child health status measures have been developed, ranging from assessments of physical and mental health to activity continuums. Our objective was to report the regional distribution of physical morbidity among children in Manitoba. Methods: Using Manitoba's population-based prescription and health care data for 1998/99, the prevalence of children with lower respiratory tract infections, four chronic conditions (asthma, cardiovascular disease, Type 1 diabetes mellitus and seizure disorders) and physical disabilities, including spina bifida and cerebral palsy, was determined for 12 Regional Health Authorities and 12 Winnipeg Community Areas, ranked by a measure of population healthiness, the premature mortality rate (PMR). Prescription rates were also reported by neighbourhood income quintile, derived from census data. Results: Hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection was highest in infants (6%) and increased with successive decreases in neighbourhood income or in the population healthiness of a region. On the basis of a physician diagnosis or prescription drug for asthma, 10% of school-age children had asthma. Asthma treatment rates in northern Manitoba were substantially lower than in Winnipeg. Treatment rates for cardiovascular conditions, Type I diabetes and seizure disorders approached 1% in adolescents and there were no regional differences in the distribution of these conditions. The prevalence of physical disability was highest in northern Manitoba. A minority of Manitoba children suffer from chronic and serious acute health problems in childhood, but the burden of illness is not evenly distributed among children. La traduction du résumé se trouve à la fin de l'article.

Paediatrics and Child Health, 2014

T he quest to reduce neonatal jaundice readmissions is built on research examining risk factors, ... more T he quest to reduce neonatal jaundice readmissions is built on research examining risk factors, two of which are postpartum length of stay (1) and late preterm (34 to 36 completed weeks' gestation) delivery (2). Further research has revealed that mortality (3) and neonatal morbidity (4) are higher in early-term (37 to 38 completed weeks' gestation) compared with full-term (39 to 41 completed weeks' gestation) infants, although few studies have been published. The present report describes the relationship among gestational age, length of stay at birth and readmission for jaundice, for the purpose of informing discharge planning and health policy.

Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de santé publique

Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004

N B . ( 2 0 0 4 ) M O R R I S H . M . & C A N N B . ( 2 0 0 4 ) Journal of Advanced Nursing 45(2)... more N B . ( 2 0 0 4 ) M O R R I S H . M . & C A N N B . ( 2 0 0 4 ) Journal of Advanced Nursing 45(2), 162-171 The description and evaluation of a longitudinal pilot study of a smoking relapse/ reduction intervention for perinatal women Background. Up to 70% of women who quit smoking while pregnant will relapse during the first postnatal year. In this study, a community-based, ecological approach 162 Ó 2004 Blackwell Publishing Ltd guided the development and implementation of a smoking cessation intervention for perinatal women. Aims. The aims of this pilot project were to: (1) develop and implement a community-based intervention to assist women to stop smoking or prevent smoking relapse during the pre-and postnatal periods, (2) provide feedback on participants' perceptions of the helpfulness of the intervention, (3) compare perceptions of the helpfulness of the intervention between women who received the intervention during the prenatal vs. postnatal periods, and (4) identify additional components of the intervention which need to be included in future research. Design/methods. Using a participative process and a detailed review of the literature, researchers, health care professionals and women (pregnant or postnatal) developed a multifaceted intervention. The intervention included four core components, which all women received: home visit by the intervention nurse, follow-up telephone call(s), resource package, and letter of congratulations. Additional optional components included: telephone help line, support groups, referrals and other services. Forty-two women who were pregnant or had recently delivered participated. Descriptive and evaluation data were collected from participants using questionnaires and telephone interviews. The research was approved by the university Research Ethics Board. Findings. Participants found the core components of the intervention to be helpful in their smoking cessation goals, particularly the home visit and resource material. The support groups and smoking help line were not used. There were no differences in how helpful the components of the intervention were perceived to be between women who received it in the prenatal or postnatal periods. Conclusions. Future research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

JAMA, 1998

To conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of antibiotic treatment of acute otiti... more To conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children to determine whether outcomes are comparable in children treated with antibiotics for less than 7 days or at least 7 days or more.

Early Human Development, 2001

Background: The International Child Care Practices Study ICCPS has collected descriptive data fro... more Background: The International Child Care Practices Study ICCPS has collected descriptive data from 21 centres in 17 countries. In this report, data are presented on the infant sleeping Ž . environment with the main focus being sudden infant death syndrome SIDS risk factors Ž . Ž . bedsharing and infant using a pillow and protective factors infant sharing a room with adult that are not yet well established in the literature. Methods: Using a standardised protocol, parents of infants were surveyed at birth by interview and at 3 months of age mainly by postal questionnaire. Centres were grouped according to geographic location. Also indicated was the level of SIDS awareness in the community, i.e. whether any campaigns or messages to Areduce the risks of SIDSB were available at the time of the survey. Ž . Results: Birth interview data were available for 5488 individual families and 4656 85% Ž . returned questionnaires at 3 months. Rates of bedsharing varied considerably 2-88% and it appeared to be more common in the samples with a lower awareness of SIDS, but not necessarily a high SIDS rate. Countries with higher rates of bedsharing appeared to have a greater proportion Ž . Ž . of infants bedsharing for a longer duration ) 5 h . Rates of room sharing varied 58-100% with some of the lowest rates noted in centres with a higher awareness of SIDS. Rates of pillow use ranged from 4% to 95%. Conclusions: It is likely that methods of bedsharing differ cross-culturally, and although further details were sought on different bedsharing practices, it was not possible to build up a composite picture of AtypicalB bedsharing practices in these different communities. These data highlight interesting patterns in child care in these diverse populations. Although these results should not be used to imply that any particular child care practice either increases or decreases the risk of SIDS, these findings should help to inject caution into the process of developing SIDS prevention campaigns for non-Western cultures.

SAMS: Provisionally unique multiple congenital anomalies syndrome consisting of short stature, auditory canal atresia, mandibular hypoplasia, and skeletal abnormalities

American Journal of Medical Genetics, 1998

We report on a young Mennonite child born with short stature, atresia of the external auditory ca... more We report on a young Mennonite child born with short stature, atresia of the external auditory canal, mandibular hypoplasia, and skeletal anomalies. The skeletal defects consist of bilateral humeral hypoplasia, delayed ossification of the pubic rami, and the previously unreported anomaly of humeroscapular synostosis. This girl is the product of a consanguineous mating. This phenotype is unique and does not match that of any previously described condition.

American Journal of Medical Genetics, 2001

CODAS syndrome (MIM# 600373) is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome. The disorder is hi... more CODAS syndrome (MIM# 600373) is a rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome. The disorder is highly distinctive with characteristic features consisting of developmental delay, cataracts, unusual enamel projections, overfolded and crumpled ears, epiphyseal dysplasia, and dysmorphic features (grooved nose, ptosis). To date, there have been two affected female children reported. The ®rst was a Canadian girl of Mennonite descent, reported by our group, and the second was a girl from Brazil. The etiology and pattern of inheritance of CODAS is unknown. Herein we report a third affected child, a Canadian male infant of Mennonite ancestry. The child, now two years old, exhibits ptosis, cataracts, overfolded ears, grooved nasal tip, dental projections, developmental delay, and characteristic skeletal anomalies. The ®ndings are characteristic for CODAS syndrome. All investigations including karyotype, metabolic screening, peroxisomal studies, and studies of cholesterol biosynthesis were normal. The underlying defect responsible for CODAS syndrome remains unknown. Many of the features suggest a possible underlying collagen gene defect. The fact that this child is the second child from the Manitoba Mennonite community, a genetic isolate, suggests the possibility of autosomal recessive inheritance. To date, there has not been a familial recurrence.

Background: Infants born late preterm (34 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks GA (gestational age)) are known to ... more Background: Infants born late preterm (34 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks GA (gestational age)) are known to have higher neonatal morbidity than term (37 + 0 to 41 + 6 weeks GA) infants. There is emerging evidence that these risks may not be homogenous within the term cohort and may be higher in early term (37 + 0 to 38 + 6 weeks GA). These risks may also be affected by socioeconomic status, a risk factor for preterm birth. Methods: A retrospective population based cohort of infants born at 34 to 41 weeks of GA was assembled; individual and area-level income was used to develop three socioeconomic (SES) groups. Neonatal morbidity was grouped into respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), other respiratory disorders, other complications of prematurity, admission to a Level II/III nursery and receipt of phototherapy. Regression models were constructed to examine the relationship of GA and SES to neonatal morbidity while controlling for other perinatal variables. Results: The cohort contained 25 312 infants of whom 6.1% (n = 1524) were born preterm and 32.4% (n = 8203) were of low SES. Using 39/40 weeks GA as the reference group there was a decrease in neonatal morbidity at each week of gestation. The odds ratios remained significantly higher at 37 weeks for RDS or other respiratory disorders, and at 38 weeks for all other outcomes. SES had an independent effect, increasing morbidity with odds ratios ranging from 1.2-1.5 for all outcomes except for the RDS group, where it was not significant. Conclusions: The risks of morbidity fell throughout late preterm and early term gestation for both respiratory and non-respiratory morbidity. Low SES was associated with an independent increased risk. Recognition that the morbidities associated with prematurity continue into early term gestation and are further compounded by SES is important to develop strategies for improving care of early term infants, avoiding iatrogenic complications and prioritizing public health interventions.

Early Human Development, 2001

The International Child Care Practices Study (ICCPS) collected descriptive data from 21 centres i... more The International Child Care Practices Study (ICCPS) collected descriptive data from 21 centres in 17 countries. In this report, data are presented on the key sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) risk factors of infant sleep position and parental smoking. Methods: Using a standardised protocol, parents of infants were surveyed at birth by interview, and at 3 months of age mainly by postal questionnaire. Data entry and descriptive analysis were undertaken with Epi Info. Centres were grouped according to geographic location. Also indicated was the level of SIDS awareness in the community, i.e. whether any campaigns or messages to ''reduce the risks of SIDS'' were available at 0378-3782/01/$ -see front matter D 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 7 8 -3 7 8 2 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 1 6 5 -7

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, Apr 1, 2012

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 1990

Short course of antibiotics for acute otitis media in children less than 2 years of age?

BMC news and views, Aug 26, 2001

Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 1990

Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 2012

Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2021

Canadian journal of public health, 2002

Canadian Journal of Public Health, 2002

Paediatrics and Child Health, 2014

Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de santé publique

Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2004

JAMA, 1998

Early Human Development, 2001

SAMS: Provisionally unique multiple congenital anomalies syndrome consisting of short stature, auditory canal atresia, mandibular hypoplasia, and skeletal abnormalities

American Journal of Medical Genetics, 1998

American Journal of Medical Genetics, 2001

Early Human Development, 2001