Emiliano Malovini - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Emiliano Malovini

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2015

The IPCC has predicted changes manly in temperature, rainfall and extreme events. Rises in earth ... more The IPCC has predicted changes manly in temperature, rainfall and extreme events. Rises in earth surface temperature of 0.6 ± 0.2°C has been already detected during 20th century. Plant physiology, productivity, and phenological cycle depend on climatic conditions. In this work meteorological series comprising 50 years of three productive oasis (Mendoza, Argentine) were analyzed, through climatic and ecological indexes. Were compared statistically in two decades of the whole series (a beginning one and a final one), and their variation over time was analyzed by lineal regression. Comparative analysis of the two decades showed different changes according the studied zone. The East zone showed the highest number of indexes which might affect viticulture suffering variation. On the North and South zone, the number of indexes showing variation had been lower compared to the East zone. To know the climatic changes that occurred at local level, their magnitude on the last 50 years and their tendency will allow to evaluate their possible impacts on vine physiology, phenology modification, sugar accumulation and phenolic compounds as well as to elaborate new assays and strategies in order to mitigate their negative effects.

Berry skins from red grape cultivars contain significant amounts of polyphenols that contribute t... more Berry skins from red grape cultivars contain significant amounts of polyphenols that contribute to wine quality and provide health benefits. These compounds can be elicited by plant hormones. The aim of this work was to increase the content of anthocyanins (ANT) and trans-resveratrol (T-RES) by application of abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in five red V. vinifera cvs. (Bonarda, Malbec, Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Pinot Noir), in two Argentinean contrasting growing regions (Santa Rosa and Valle de Uco). Results showed positive and differential effects of ABA and MeJA on the total ANT content for the diverse cultivars with changes in the proportions of blue and red ANT. ABA increased total ANT in both viticultural region, while MeJA had a positive effect only in Santa Rosa. Also, ABA and MeJA induced an accumulation of T-RES in different cultivars, regardless of the region; T-RES accumulation elicited by ABA was not previously described. This work brings out the po...

Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update, 2018

Resveratrol (trans-3,4′,5-trihydroxystilbene) is an abundant stilbene compound that can be found ... more Resveratrol (trans-3,4′,5-trihydroxystilbene) is an abundant stilbene compound that can be found in a large number of plant products, including the skins and seeds of grapes and wines. Many scientific evidence has demonstrated that resveratrol exerts a plethora of biological function, especially cardiovascular protective, antiplatelet, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood glucose-lowering, anticancer, antiaging, and anti-obesity activities. Recently, published data have shown that resveratrol protects also against some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and obesity, as well as is effective in the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal woman without an increased risk of breast cancer. Its anti-inflammatory properties are thought to be responsible for anxiolytic properties, as well as its demonstrated antidepressant efficacy. Because of the important activities of resveratrol, there is an increasing interest in producing grapes or wines with higher contents...

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2015

Fil: Deis, Leonor. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de C... more Fil: Deis, Leonor. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas. Catedra de Fisiologia Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Biologia Agricola de Mendoza. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Instituto de Biologia Agricola de Mendoza; Argentina

El IPCC (Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático) ha pronosticado cambios principalmente ... more El IPCC (Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático) ha pronosticado cambios principalmente en las temperaturas, precipitaciones y eventos extremos. Ya se han detectado durante el siglo XX aumentos en la temperatura de la superficie del globo terrestre de 0,6°C±0,2°C. La fisiología, productividad y ciclo fenológico de las plantas depende de las condiciones climáticas. En este trabajo, se analizaron series meteorológicas de 50 años, en tres oasis productivos de Mendoza, Argentina, a través de índices climáticos y ecológicos. Se compararon estadísticamente estos índices, en dos décadas de la serie (una inicial y otra final) y se evaluó su variación en el tiempo mediante regresión lineal. El análisis comparativo de las dos décadas mostró diferentes cambios según la zona en estudio. En la zona Este mayor número de índices que podrían afectar la viticultura sufrieron variación. En la zona Norte y Sur, el número de índices climáticos y ecológicos que presentaron cambios fueron menore...

Fil: Cobos, David. Instituto Nacional de Vitivinicultura; . Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Fac... more Fil: Cobos, David. Instituto Nacional de Vitivinicultura; . Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional Mendoza. Departamento Enologia; Argentina

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2017

El método oficial argentino para determinar el contenido de azúcares reductores en mostos y vinos... more El método oficial argentino para determinar el contenido de azúcares reductores en mostos y vinos es el método Fehling Causse Bonnans. Este método implica la defecación de la muestra para obtener una solución azucarada decolorada y límpida. Para ello se emplea carbón activado y acetato de plomo. Son conocidos los efectos de la intoxicación con plomo en seres humanos y animales, así como en el ambiente, de modo que es necesario minimizar su uso para lograr una producción sustentable. Se analizaron 149 vinos y 67 mostos. En cada una de las muestras se efectuaron dos determinaciones de azúcares reductores, diferenciadas por la forma de efectuar la defecación: a) empleando 5 mL de acetato de plomo al 25% y 0,5 g de carbón activado y b) empleando 5 mL de agua destilada y 0,5 g de carbón activado. Los datos se procesaron efectuando análisis de regresión simple lineal. Se concluye que puede eliminarse el uso de acetato de plomo en el tratamiento previo de las muestras de mostos y vinos par...

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 2020

Preference host is an important factor affecting population dynamics in plant-insect interactions... more Preference host is an important factor affecting population dynamics in plant-insect interactions. In this research, the two main phylloxera genotypes found in Argentina (gB and gD) were tested on Vitis vinifera cvs. Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec, Pedro Giménez, Chardonnay, Cereza, Criolla Grande, and rootstocks 1103 Paulsen, 101-14 Mgt, and SO4 using an excised root assay. Statistical analysis showed that survivorship was affected by the interaction of Cultivar and Time, while hatching was influenced by the interaction of Cultivar and Phylloxera genotype. Cultivar also influenced maximum number of adults, developmental time, as well as gross and net reproductive rates. Phylloxera genotype gB developed faster than gD, however, no other significant differences were found between both genotypes. Principal component analysis showed that Pedro Giménez and Criolla Grande grouped closely with high values of reproduction-related variables, suggesting they are the most preferable hosts, follow...

Regarding nutrition, the new trend of consumption includes vegetables and fruits in the diet and ... more Regarding nutrition, the new trend of consumption includes vegetables and fruits in the diet and concludes that new preference is to natural foods. Red grape berries constitute a great candidate to this target because of their high phenolic content, including anthocyanins which play a major role in their nutraceutical properties. Anthocyanins are responsible for many of the red-orange to blue-violet colors present in plant tissues. These compounds are excellent antioxidants because they are easily oxidized under stress circumstances and thus contribute to the fruits’ and vegetables’ protective effect regarding degenerative and chronic diseases. Anthocyanins are synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway, and their biosynthesis is regulated not only genetically but also physiologically. They are naturally produced by plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. There are five common anthocyanins in grapevine: cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Their accu...

It is believed that phylloxera grows better in clay soils and/or under drip irrigation than in sa... more It is believed that phylloxera grows better in clay soils and/or under drip irrigation than in sandy soils and/or flooding. To test these hypotheses, phylloxera damage and population growth were evaluated in potted V. vinifera cv. Malbec under two irrigation methods and soil textures in growth chambers at 16 h of photoperiod and 28°C + 3°C. In a first experiment, phylloxera damage and population were analyzed in infested (P) and uninfested (C) plants, drip (D) or flood (F) irrigated. A second experiment consisted in infested (P) and uninfested (C) plants in clay (CL) or sandy (S) soil. D x P reduced leaf number, while P x C increased photosynthesis rate. In the irrigation experiment, P reduced leaf area, shoot length and root dry weight and increased stomatal conductance. Irrigation methods did not influence variables related to root damage or phylloxera population. In the texture experiment CL x C showed a greater leaf area. P also reduced shoot length and root dry weight while CL ...

Plant Science, 2017

Malbec and Bonarda are the two most widely cultivated grape varieties in Argentina, and their der... more Malbec and Bonarda are the two most widely cultivated grape varieties in Argentina, and their derived red wines are recognized worldwide, being their intense color a major quality trait. The temperature during fruit ripening conditions berries color intensity. In the main viticulture region of Malbec and Bonarda a 2-3°C increase in temperature has been predicted for the upcoming years as consequence of the global climate change. In the present study, this predicted temperature raise was simulated under field-crop conditions, and its effect on anthocyanin pigmentation in berries of Malbec and Bonarda was monitored by HPLC analysis throughout the ripening process, in two growing seasons. Additionally, expression levels of regulatory (MYBA1 and MYB4) and structural (UFGT and Vv3AT) anthocyanin genes were monitored in Malbec berry skins. Although cultivar-dependent time-course variation was observed for total anthocyanin content, in general, the berries of both cultivars grown under high temperature (HT) conditions had significantly lower total anthocyanins (∼28-41% reduction), and a higher proportion of acylated anthocyanins, than their respective controls. Expression of MYBA1 and UFGT, but not MYB4, was correlated with anthocyanin pigmentation at half ripening and harvest, whereas overexpression of the acyltransferase gene Vv3AT was associated with higher anthocyanin acylation in HT berries. These results suggest that color development and pigment modifications in Malbec berries under HT are regulated at transcriptional level by MYBA1, UFGT, and Vv3AT genes. These data contribute to the general understanding on the effect of high temperatures on anthocyanin biochemistry and genetic regulation, and may have direct implications in the production of high-quality wines from Malbec and Bonarda.

37th World Congress of Vine and Wine and 12th General Assembly of the OIV, 2014

Resumen. El Virus Grape Leaf Roll Virus (GLRV) afecta la Vid. Disminuye la superficie foliar, clo... more Resumen. El Virus Grape Leaf Roll Virus (GLRV) afecta la Vid. Disminuye la superficie foliar, clorofila, y capacidad fotosintética, ocasionando disminuciones de hasta un 70% en la producción de uvas, retardo en la maduración, disminución del contenido de azúcares, y alteraciones en el color de las bayas. Objetivo: establecer y cuantificar la incidencia de los virus presentes en los viñedos mendocinos sobre la calidad y composición polifenólica de sus vinos. Se seleccionó la variedad Bonarda, de ciclo vegetativo largo. Hipótesis: el ataque de virus en plantas generará uvas de menor concentración de azúcares y vinos con menor graduación alcohólica, disminución en el color y modificará el perfil de antocianas. Se realizó un muestreo dirigido, seleccionando viñedos en 4 oasis productivos de Mendoza. Se seleccionaron plantas con síntomas visuales del virus GLRV, y plantas sin síntomas. Las uvas se vinificaron, en total 56 tanques, 28 son testigos y 28 provenían de plantas afectadas. Los vinos se sometieron a análisis de rutina. Se determinó el perfil antocianas por HPLC. El análisis de caracterización varietal de perfil de antocianas yácido shikimico, corroboró que el perfil no ha variado. La incidencia de GLRV tiene un claro efecto negativo en la calidad de uvas. Introducción y antecedentes Los Virus: Grape Leaf Roll Virus (GLRV) y Grape Fan Leaf Virus (GFLV), ocasionan severas enfermedades en viñedos muy difundidos en el mundo vitivinícola. En Argentina dichas enfermedades se reportaron en el año 1997 [1] y sus síntomas han sido ampliamente descriptos. El impacto que tiene Grape Leaf Roll Virus (GLRV) se produce fundamentalmente sobre el rendimiento, ocasionando disminuciones de hasta un 70% en la producción. Además, genera retardos en la maduración, disminución en el contenido de azúcares y alteraciones en el color de las bayas. En las plantas, ocasiona reducción en: superficie foliar, clorofila y capacidad fotosintética. [2, 3]. Al igual que todas las enfermedades en vegetales, el desarrollo de GLRV y sus efectos en la producción, son el resultado de la interacción entre el genotipo del huésped, el genotipo del patógeno y el ambiente en que se encuentra la planta (entendiéndose por ambiente: las condiciones climáticas, de suelo, de cultivo, ocurrencia de otros estrés, etc.). De esta manera, los daños reportados son muy variables, siendo siempre más severos en variedades tintas y de ciclo tardío. Se ha descripto que la infección con Leaf Roll Virus en las variedades Riesling y Zinfandel no modifica parámetros vegetativos ni de producción, como: peso de poda y volumen de cosecha, tampoco acidez del mosto, sí modifica: porcentaje de sólidos solubles (grados brix) del mismo [4, 5]. Por otro lado, en Pinot noir, sí se observaron disminuciones significativas en el volumen de cosecha y en el porcentaje de sólidos solubles del mosto, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2015

Psychiatry and Neuroscience Update, 2018

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2015

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2017

American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 2020

Plant Science, 2017

37th World Congress of Vine and Wine and 12th General Assembly of the OIV, 2014

Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Agrarias, 2015