Emily Silva - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Emily Silva

Science of The Total Environment

Systematic Reviews

Background Medical innovations offer tremendous hope. Yet, similar innovations in governance (law... more Background Medical innovations offer tremendous hope. Yet, similar innovations in governance (law, policy, ethics) are likely necessary if society is to realize medical innovations’ fruits and avoid their pitfalls. As innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) advance at a rapid pace, scholars across multiple disciplines are articulating concerns in health-related AI that likely require legal responses to ensure the requisite balance. These scholarly perspectives may provide critical insights into the most pressing challenges that will help shape and advance future regulatory reforms. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive summary of the literature examining legal concerns in relation to health-related AI. We thus aim to summarize and map the literature examining legal concerns in health-related AI using a scoping review approach. Methods The scoping review framework developed by (J Soc Res Methodol 8:19-32, 2005) and extended by (Implement Sci 5:69, 2010) and...

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is defined as a lateral and rotational curvature of the spine wit... more Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is defined as a lateral and rotational curvature of the spine with an unknown origin. Scoliosis is diagnosed based on age of onset and clinical presentation. Physicians measure curve severity by Cobb's angle, which is marked on an x-ray. Participation is sports, which require compressive and tensile forces on the spine increase risk of back-related injury, including scoliosis or the progression of scoliosis. Sports such as gymnastics have been shown to increase back pain; although, studies have found some participation in gymnastic activities helps in strengthening skeletal musculature and respiratory musculature, which benefits patients diagnosed with scoliosis. The purpose of this research is to explore the clinical assessment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis pre- and post surgical intervention in a division I female college gymnast. The patient in this study is a 21-year-old female gymnast that was clinically diagnosed with adolescent idiopat...

ISEE Conference Abstracts, 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is increasing. Research has ident... more BACKGROUND AND AIM: Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is increasing. Research has identified links between air pollution exposure and T2DM through metabolic and inflammatory pathways, but...

Coastal Management, 2021

Ocean and coastal acidification (OCA) present a unique set of sustainability challenges at the hu... more Ocean and coastal acidification (OCA) present a unique set of sustainability challenges at the human-ecological interface. Extensive biogeochemical monitoring that can assess local acidification conditions, distinguish multiple drivers of changing carbonate chemistry, and ultimately inform local and regional response strategies is necessary for successful adaptation to OCA. However, the sampling frequency and cost-prohibitive scientific equipment needed to monitor OCA are barriers to implementing the widespread monitoring of dynamic coastal conditions. Here, we demonstrate through a case study that existing community-based water monitoring initiatives can help address these challenges and contribute to OCA science. We document how iterative, sequential outreach, workshop-based training, and coordinated monitoring activities through the Northeast Coastal Acidification Network (a) assessed the capacity of northeastern United States community science programs and (b) engaged community science programs productively with OCA monitoring efforts. Our results (along with the companion manuscript) indicate that community science programs are capable of collecting robust scientific information pertinent to OCA and are positioned to monitor in locations that would critically expand the coverage of current OCA research. Furthermore, engaging community stakeholders in OCA science and outreach enabled a platform for dialogue about OCA among other interrelated environmental concerns and fostered a series of co-benefits relating to public participation in resource and risk management. Activities in support of community science

Environmental Research Letters, 2021

Comprehensive sampling of the carbonate system in estuaries and coastal waters can be difficult a... more Comprehensive sampling of the carbonate system in estuaries and coastal waters can be difficult and expensive because of the complex and heterogeneous nature of near-shore environments. We show that sample collection by community science programs is a viable strategy for expanding estuarine carbonate system monitoring and prioritizing regions for more targeted assessment. ‘Shell Day’ was a single-day regional water monitoring event coordinating coastal carbonate chemistry observations by 59 community science programs and seven research institutions in the northeastern United States, in which 410 total alkalinity (TA) samples from 86 stations were collected. Field replicates collected at both low and high tides had a mean standard deviation between replicates of 3.6 ± 0.3 µmol kg−1 (σ mean ± SE, n = 145) or 0.20 ± 0.02%. This level of precision demonstrates that with adequate protocols for sample collection, handling, storage, and analysis, community science programs are able to coll...

Journal of International Oral Health, 2017

IntroductIon Acrylic resin is the most commonly used material to manufacture conventional removab... more IntroductIon Acrylic resin is the most commonly used material to manufacture conventional removable prostheses; it is a low-cost material, has good adaptability to oral tissue, it is easy to manipulate, and possesses satisfactory esthetic characteristics. [1-3] The acrylic resin must mimic the soft tissue features to provide an excellent esthetic outcome, [4] and there are two techniques to do so: An extrinsic characterization in which the pigments are added after the polymerization process; and an intrinsic characterization in which the pigments are incorporated into the acrylic before the polymerization. The intrinsic technique provides good results since pigmentation is internal. The pigments age with the prosthetic material and are not influenced by damage on the prosthesis surface. [2] Some physical properties are directly linked to material longevity, such as microhardness, surface roughness, and color stability. These properties can be influenced through time due to constant temperature changes, contact to wet oral tissues, the disinfection process used, and contact to different solutions. [1,5-13] Different polishing techniques have been used in an attempt to improve these characteristics; the polish can be mechanical, performed with different polishing pastes and soft brushes, or Aims: Compare the mechanical and physical properties of two polishing techniques for acrylic resins under the influence of disinfection. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and eight circular samples (10 mm diameter × 3 mm height) were manufactured, with 160 for the color stability, hardness, surface roughness, and wettability (n = 10) analyses, and 48 for the scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy evaluation (n = 1). Two brands of prosthesis acrylic resin, Onda Cryl and Lucitone, were used to manufacture the samples. Half of the samples were intrinsically pigmented with a purple acrylic pigment (Policor) at 7% of the total weight in powder; half of those received the mechanical polish with sand paper under constant water irrigation in a universal polishing machine at 300 rpm (control), and half received a uniform coat of a photopolymerized glaze (Megaseal) to be tested. The samples were kept immersed in distilled water for 24 h before the initial measurements (T0), afterward, they were divided into two disinfection procedures; half were disinfected through microwave energy and half through cleaning tablets (Efferdent) for 60 days (T1). Results: The glaze polished groups presented inferior chromatic stability and the pigments prevented discoloration for the glaze polish. The disinfectant solutions promoted a superficial degradation of the acrylic resin for both polishing techniques. Lucitone presented higher hardness values than Onda Cryl (P < 0.001) and the glaze technique had higher hardness values than the mechanic polish. Conclusion: The photopolymerized glaze improved some characteristics of the acrylic resin, such as the surface hardness and roughness suggesting it is an adequate polish for acrylic resins.

Linha D'Água, 2020

No contexto da internacionalização das pesquisas nas universidades, este artigo apresenta parte d... more No contexto da internacionalização das pesquisas nas universidades, este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de um curso sobre o ensino de gêneros textuais da esfera acadêmica em francês. Com base nos pressupostos teóricos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo, nos aportes sobre o Letramento Acadêmico e em considerações sobre o plurilinguismo na ciência, o estudo analisou o material didático proposto e as apresentações orais dos alunos através de uma abordagem comparativa entre produção intermediária e produção final. Os resultados revelam um desenvolvimento das capacidades de linguagem dos estudantes e uma consequente contribuição para o Letramento Acadêmico em francês, visando a construir uma ciência plurilíngue.

Ceramics, 2018

The effect of Fluorine solutions on the surface and bacterial adhesion of lithium disilicate is a... more The effect of Fluorine solutions on the surface and bacterial adhesion of lithium disilicate is a concern. The aim was to evaluate the surface roughness and the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis on lithium disilicate ceramic, under the influence of different solutions containing Fluorine. Forty lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press Impulse) discs (2.5 × 5 mm) was divided into 4 groups (n = 10): artificial saliva (Group AS), 0.2% sodium fluoride (Group NaF), 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (Group APF), and mouthwash (Group MW). Roughness analyses were performed before and after the immersion. The surface aspect was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis were evaluated after immersion in the solutions. The data obtained were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test (α = 0.05). The Group APF presented a bigger roughness (3.263), statistically different to the other solutions. The bacterial adhesion in ...

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre, 2019

Objetivos. O sistema de resinas compostas indiretas constitui uma alternativa de tratamento estét... more Objetivos. O sistema de resinas compostas indiretas constitui uma alternativa de tratamento estético com o objetivo de solucionar alguns dos problemas presentes nas restaurações das cerâmicas e das resinas convencionais. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar e comparar a resistência flexural, em três pontos, de dois materiais restauradores indiretos, Sinfony® (3M-ESPE) e Ceramage® (Shofu). Materiais e Métodos. Foram confeccionados 12 corpos de prova de cada material com 15mm de diâmetro e 2mm de espessura. Decorridas 24 horas após a confecção, os discos foram submetidos ao teste de resistência flexural em três pontos em uma máquina de ensaio universal EMIC, a uma velocidade constante de 0,5 mm/min e com célula de carga de 50 Kgf. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente pelo Teste t de Student, ao nível de significância de 5%. Resultados. A resina Ceramage apresentou a maior média (98,90 MPa) de resistência á flexão pelo método biaxial comparado ao grupo Sinfony (86,90 MPa),...

Le Francais a L Universite Bulletin Des Departements De Francais Dans Le Monde, Jun 5, 2014

Elements de contexte « Geant par sa propre nature », comme le dit l’hymne national, le Bresil est... more Elements de contexte « Geant par sa propre nature », comme le dit l’hymne national, le Bresil est le seul pays lusophone de l’Amerique latine, entoure de ses voisins hispanophones. Dans le contexte universitaire bresilien, apres l’anglais, ce sont l’espagnol et le francais qui figurent comme deuxieme langue etrangere. A l’Universite de Sao Paulo, il est possible de distinguer quelques spheres d’etudes du francais : la licence et le troisieme cycle en Lettres-Francais, le centre de langues, qui o (...)

At a global scale, precipitation is one of the best predictors of spatial distribution of the mai... more At a global scale, precipitation is one of the best predictors of spatial distribution of the main vegetation types. At a regional scale, the influence of precipitation is less direct because of the involvement of other intervening variables. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonality of precipitation and vegetation (using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index-NDVI and Leaf Area Index-LAI), and the relationships between these variables in two regions of the Cerrado biome (savanna), north and central, with different degrees of human disturbance, natural and modified, respectively. We also investigated the relationship of the following pair of variables: precipitation and NDVI, precipitation and LAI, and NDVI and LAI; by fitting curves to a regression model using time series from 2001 to 2009 for the three variables (precipitation, NDVI e LAI) in the two study areas. The results show significant correlation between NDVI and precipitation being higher in the modified regi...

A leucemia é a neoplasia maligna primária mais freqüente na criança. Com o objetivo de caracteriz... more A leucemia é a neoplasia maligna primária mais freqüente na criança. Com o objetivo de caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico das leucemias em crianças e adolescentes na Bahia, foram analisados 329 casos de leucemias diagnosticadas em pacientes de 0 a 18 anos, entre 2000 e 2004, em três centros de referência em oncopediatria do Estado da Bahia. 61,4% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino e 36,4% tinham entre 2 e 5 anos. A leucemia linfocítica aguda foi a mais freqüente (82,1%). A infecção foi responsável por 39,8% dos óbitos. Palavras-chave: leucemia, epidemiologia, Pediatria. Leukemia is the most common childhood cancer. Our goal was to describe the epidemiologic profile of leukemia in children and teenagers in the brazilian state of Bahia. A three referencecenter study was performed using patients' records within 0 to 18 years in a five year interval, 2000 to 2004. We've found 329 new cases, with a 61.4% predominance of male gender. The 2 to 5 years age-range had the majority of the cases (36.4%). It´s been shown that 82.1% of the cases were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the major immediate cause of death was infection (39.8%).