Claude Emond - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Claude Emond
Draft reports on Bisphenol A and on 12 other substances
Surgical treatment of achalasia in a general hospital: the influence of technique and the surgeons experience on the results
Diseases of the Esophagus, 1990
The authors report their experience with 43 patients treated for achalasia of the esophagus in a ... more The authors report their experience with 43 patients treated for achalasia of the esophagus in a general hospital between 1971 and 1986. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgery performed: group 1--29 patients treated by Heller myotomy, performed by nine general surgeons between 1971 and 1983; and group 2--14 patients treated by transthoracic Heller myotomy with the addition of a Belsey Mark-IV fundoplication. Dysphagia was reduced postoperatively in 82.6% of patients in group 1 and 92.8% of patients in group 2. Three patients in group 1 and one patient in group 2 had persistent dysphagia. Ten patients in group 1 had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (5 of them required a second antireflux procedure). In group 2, one patient had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, but was treated successfully medically. There was no difference in the degree of relief of dysphagia between the abdominal and thoracic approach, or in whether the operation was performed by a general surgeon without specific experience in the treatment of achalasia. The addition of a fundoplication to a Heller myotomy appeared to lessen the problem of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux. Since the Heller myotomy is technically difficult and may lead to obstruction of the poorly emptying esophagus the authors recommend that it be used selectively and only by the experienced esophageal surgeon.
Environment International, Jul 1, 2016
On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,... more On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-the most potent dioxin congener. Twenty years later, the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) initiated a follow-up assessment of a cohort of female Seveso residents. Researchers collected serial blood, measured for TCDD levels, and recorded information about the women's medical history after the explosion. The study's aims were to: 1) modify the human PBPK model for TCDD (Emond et al. 2004; Emond et al. 2005; NCEA-USEPA 2010) to include repetitive gestation and lactation; 2) simulate TCDD blood concentrations during different life stages including pregnancy and lactation, under different exposure scenarios; and 3) use this PBPK model to compare the influence of gestation and lactation on elimination of TCDD. After optimization of the model, it was assessed using data from the SWHS cohort. The 23 women in Subcohort A, were 4-39 years old and in Subcohort B, the 18 women were 3-17 years old when the explosion occurred. The model accurately predicted the blood concentrations during the 20 years post-exposure, including periods of pregnancy and lactation. The model was also used to analyze the contribution of gestation and lactation to the mother's elimination of TCDD. The results suggest that gestation and lactation do not significantly impact TCDD blood elimination. Future efforts will focus on using additional data to evaluate the PBPK model and improving the mathematical descriptions of lactation and multiple gestations.
Toxicokinetics and Interaction of Nanoparticles with Biological Matrices
Preoperative 24-hour pH monitoring in achalasia patients
Diseases of The Esophagus, 1995
A weight of evidence approach for the assessment of the ototoxic potential of industrial chemicals
Toxicology and Industrial Health, Nov 7, 2011
There is accumulating epidemiological evidence that exposure to some solvents, metals, asphyxiant... more There is accumulating epidemiological evidence that exposure to some solvents, metals, asphyxiants and other substances in humans is associated with an increased risk of acquiring hearing loss. Furthermore, simultaneous and successive exposure to certain chemicals along with noise can increase the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss. There are no regulations that require hearing monitoring of workers who are employed at locations in which occupational exposure to potentially ototoxic chemicals occurs in the absence of noise exposure. This project was undertaken to develop a toxicological database allowing the identification of possible ototoxic substances present in the work environment alone or in combination with noise exposure. Critical toxicological data were compiled for chemical substances included in the Quebec occupational health regulation. The data were evaluated only for noise exposure levels that can be encountered in the workplace and for realistic exposure concentrations up to the short-term exposure limit or ceiling value (CV) or 5 times the 8-h time-weighted average occupational exposure limit (TWA OEL) for human data and up to 100 times the 8-h TWA OEL or CV for animal studies. In total, 224 studies (in 150 articles of which 44 evaluated the combined exposure to noise and a chemical) covering 29 substances were evaluated using a weight of evidence approach. For the majority of cases where potential ototoxicity was previously proposed, there is a paucity of toxicological data in the primary literature. Human and animal studies indicate that lead, styrene, toluene and trichloroethylene are ototoxic and ethyl benzene, n-hexane and p-xylene are possibly ototoxic at concentrations that are relevant to the occupational setting. Carbon monoxide appears to exacerbate noise-induced hearing dysfunction. Toluene interacts with noise to induce more severe hearing losses than the noise alone.
Environment International, Aug 1, 2021
Environmental exposure of humans to pollutants has been associated with adverse health outcomes, ... more Environmental exposure of humans to pollutants has been associated with adverse health outcomes, but few studies have evaluated the multiple exposure of general populations. In the present study, we used hair analysis to assess the exposure of a general adult population (n = 497) in Luxembourg to 34 persistent and 33 nonpersistent organic pollutants from 11 chemical families, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), and pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs). We detected 24 persistent and 29 non-persistent organic pollutants, with 17 pollutants being detected in more than 50% of hair samples. The median concentrations for pollutants detected in 100% of the samples were 0.37 pg/mg for lindane (γ-HCH), 0.15 pg/mg for hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 14.1 pg/ mg for p-nitrophenyl (PNP), and 0.10 pg/mg for trifluralin. Each participant in this study had detectable levels of at least 10 of the pollutants analyzed, and 50% of participants had 19 or more, suggesting the simultaneous exposure to numerous different pollutants among our study population. Significant correlations were often found between pollutants from the same family, with the strongest being found between two PYR metabolites, trans/ cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-carboxylic acid (Cl 2 CA) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA). Results from multiple linear regression analyses showed that sex, age and/or body mass index were significantly associated with 15 out of the 17 frequently detected pollutants. The current study is the first nationwide biomonitoring investigating organic contaminants in the Luxembourg population using hair analysis.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for developmental exposure to BDE-47 in rats
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Feb 1, 2010
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used commercially as additive flame retardants and hav... more Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used commercially as additive flame retardants and have been shown to transfer into environmental compartments, where they have the potential to bioaccumulate in wildlife and humans. Of the 209 possible PBDEs, 2, ...
Journal of physics, May 26, 2015
Scientific literature suggests that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) might be associated with adve... more Scientific literature suggests that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) might be associated with adverse health effects. A well-developed human risk assessment (HRA) that applies to NPs has never been established and optimized-until now. Furthermore, no government regulations are in place that establish what is considered to be an adequate and secure level of exposure and supported by a strong scientific approach for nanotechnology. It is important to implement the HRA to ensure that workers producing NPs, users of NPs and the general population are protected from deleterious issues related to NPs. In this work, a methodology is described based on the HRA. An effort is required during synthesis before the commercialization phase to evaluate the results of a systematic and rigorous assessment because this could significantly reduce the health risks of those exposed to NPs, including workers and the population.
Environmental Health Perspectives, Sep 1, 2006
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats
Environmental health perspectives, Sep 19, 2013
Background: Though the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has increased exponentially, little ... more Background: Though the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has increased exponentially, little attention has been given to NP bioavailability and biodistribution. Cerium oxide (CeO2) NPs have bee...
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of polyethylene glycol-coated polyacrylamide nanoparticles in rats
Nanotoxicology, Jan 6, 2014
Nanoparticles&amp... more Nanoparticles' health risks depend on their biodistribution in the body. Phagocytosis may greatly affect this distribution but has not yet explicitly accounted for in whole body pharmacokinetic models. Here, we present a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model that includes phagocytosis of nanoparticles to explore the biodistribution of intravenously injected polyethylene glycol-coated polyacrylamide nanoparticles in rats. The model explains 97% of the observed variation in nanoparticles amounts across organs. According to the model, phagocytizing cells quickly capture nanoparticles until their saturation and thereby constitute a major reservoir in richly perfused organs (spleen, liver, bone marrow, lungs, heart and kidneys), storing 83% of the nanoparticles found in these organs 120 h after injection. Key determinants of the nanoparticles biodistribution are the uptake capacities of phagocytizing cells in organs, the partitioning between tissue and blood, and the permeability between capillary blood and tissues. This framework can be extended to other types of nanoparticles by adapting these determinants.
Substitution du bisphénol A. L'identification des dangers des substituts potentiels au bisphénol A -: Etat des lieux sur les alternatives au bisphénol A en complément du rapport de l'Anses relatif à l’évaluation des risques liés au Bisphénol A (BPA) pour la santé humaine et aux données toxicologi...
The epigenetic hallmark of early-life α-hexabromocyclododecane exposure: From cerebellar 6-mA levels to locomotor performance in adulthood
Environment International
Toxics
Blood is the most widely used matrix for biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). I... more Blood is the most widely used matrix for biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). It is assumed that POPs are homogenously distributed within body lipids at steady state; however, the variability underlying the partitioning of POPs between fat compartments is poorly understood. Hence, the objective of this study was to review the state of the science about the relationships of POPs between adipose tissue and serum in humans. We conducted a narrative literature review of human observational studies reporting concentrations of POPs in paired samples of adipose tissue with other lipid-based compartments (e.g., serum lipids). The searches were conducted in SCOPUS and PUBMED. A meta-regression was performed to identify factors responsible for variability. All included studies reported high variability in the partition coefficients of POPs, mainly between adipose tissue and serum. The number of halogen atoms was the physicochemical variable most strongly and positively assoc...
Substances reprotoxiques et perturbateurs endocriniens - Composés de la famille des bisphénols : Bisphénols M, S, B, AP, AF, F et BADGE: en complément du rapport de l'Anses relatif à l’évaluation des risques liés au Bisphénol A (BPA) pour la santé humaine et aux données toxicologiques et d’usage ...
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Mar 1, 2013
Environment International, 2016
On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,... more On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-the most potent dioxin congener. Twenty years later, the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) initiated a follow-up assessment of a cohort of female Seveso residents. Researchers collected serial blood, measured for TCDD levels, and recorded information about the women's medical history after the explosion. The study's aims were to: 1) modify the human PBPK model for TCDD (Emond et al. 2004; Emond et al. 2005; NCEA-USEPA 2010) to include repetitive gestation and lactation; 2) simulate TCDD blood concentrations during different life stages including pregnancy and lactation, under different exposure scenarios; and 3) use this PBPK model to compare the influence of gestation and lactation on elimination of TCDD. After optimization of the model, it was assessed using data from the SWHS cohort. The 23 women in Subcohort A, were 4-39 years old and in Subcohort B, the 18 women were 3-17 years old when the explosion occurred. The model accurately predicted the blood concentrations during the 20 years post-exposure, including periods of pregnancy and lactation. The model was also used to analyze the contribution of gestation and lactation to the mother's elimination of TCDD. The results suggest that gestation and lactation do not significantly impact TCDD blood elimination. Future efforts will focus on using additional data to evaluate the PBPK model and improving the mathematical descriptions of lactation and multiple gestations.
[Endoscopic YAG laser and palliative therapy of cancer of the esophagus]
Annales de chirurgie, 1995
In our institution, the YAG laser has been used to treat 110 patients with inoperable esophageal ... more In our institution, the YAG laser has been used to treat 110 patients with inoperable esophageal carcinoma. Therapy was palliative as patients presented metastases (41.8%), advanced systemic disease (22.7%), extensive local disease (18.2%) or recurrent carcinoma (10%). The study group included 92 men (mean age 68.4 years) and 18 women (mean age 67.0 years); 47.3% of the patients had received no previous treatment while 52.7% had been treated previously with either radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, stents or dilatation. The majority of lesions were adenocarcinomas (57.3%) with squamous cell carcinomas in 37.3%; 66.3% of cancers were located in the distal third of the esophagus. The patients received a mean of 2.4 laser treatments with 4883 joules per treatment on average. The rate of major complications was 2.7% and the rate of mortality 1.8%. The median survival for the group was 4.5 months. No significant difference was found in the length of survival according to the histology ...
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2011
Nanotechnology allows the ability to design many new materials and devices with multiple applicat... more Nanotechnology allows the ability to design many new materials and devices with multiple applications, such as in medicine, electronics, and energy production. However, nanotechnology also raises several concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials. A report published by the Council of Canadian Academies points out the necessity to respond about many uncertainties associated with risk assessment for ensuring the safety of health and environment. Nanotoxicology (or Nanosafety) is a part of the toxicology science that aims to study adverse effects of nanomaterials or nanoparticles on living
International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2010
The increasing commercial application of nanomaterials is raising concerns about their potential ... more The increasing commercial application of nanomaterials is raising concerns about their potential release to aquatic environments. The purpose of this study was to examine the behaviour in freshwater of capped CdS/CdTe quantum dots and the sublethal effects on gills of rainbow trout. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to increasing concentrations of CdS/CdTe or dissolved cadmium (CdSO 4) for 48 h at 15°C. The initial Cd and Te concentration in the aquarium water and size fractionation were determined. After the exposure period, the gills were analysed for labile Cd content, changes in lactate and pyruvate, total and redox status of metallothioneins (MT), lipid peroxidation, protein chaperones of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 72 family and ubiquitin conjugates. QDs were mostly between 6.8 and 25 nm suggesting aggregates. Significant increases in total and metal-binding MT, gill lactate and pyruvate levels and Hsp 72 proteins were observed while ubiquitin protein conjugates were significantly decreased by the QDs only with dissolved Cd, LPO and lactate/pyruvate ratio were not affected by the QDs. A discriminant function analysis of the biomarker responses revealed that colloidal and dissolved Cd differed significantly from each other, suggesting different modes of action.
Draft reports on Bisphenol A and on 12 other substances
Surgical treatment of achalasia in a general hospital: the influence of technique and the surgeons experience on the results
Diseases of the Esophagus, 1990
The authors report their experience with 43 patients treated for achalasia of the esophagus in a ... more The authors report their experience with 43 patients treated for achalasia of the esophagus in a general hospital between 1971 and 1986. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgery performed: group 1--29 patients treated by Heller myotomy, performed by nine general surgeons between 1971 and 1983; and group 2--14 patients treated by transthoracic Heller myotomy with the addition of a Belsey Mark-IV fundoplication. Dysphagia was reduced postoperatively in 82.6% of patients in group 1 and 92.8% of patients in group 2. Three patients in group 1 and one patient in group 2 had persistent dysphagia. Ten patients in group 1 had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (5 of them required a second antireflux procedure). In group 2, one patient had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, but was treated successfully medically. There was no difference in the degree of relief of dysphagia between the abdominal and thoracic approach, or in whether the operation was performed by a general surgeon without specific experience in the treatment of achalasia. The addition of a fundoplication to a Heller myotomy appeared to lessen the problem of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux. Since the Heller myotomy is technically difficult and may lead to obstruction of the poorly emptying esophagus the authors recommend that it be used selectively and only by the experienced esophageal surgeon.
Environment International, Jul 1, 2016
On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,... more On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-the most potent dioxin congener. Twenty years later, the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) initiated a follow-up assessment of a cohort of female Seveso residents. Researchers collected serial blood, measured for TCDD levels, and recorded information about the women's medical history after the explosion. The study's aims were to: 1) modify the human PBPK model for TCDD (Emond et al. 2004; Emond et al. 2005; NCEA-USEPA 2010) to include repetitive gestation and lactation; 2) simulate TCDD blood concentrations during different life stages including pregnancy and lactation, under different exposure scenarios; and 3) use this PBPK model to compare the influence of gestation and lactation on elimination of TCDD. After optimization of the model, it was assessed using data from the SWHS cohort. The 23 women in Subcohort A, were 4-39 years old and in Subcohort B, the 18 women were 3-17 years old when the explosion occurred. The model accurately predicted the blood concentrations during the 20 years post-exposure, including periods of pregnancy and lactation. The model was also used to analyze the contribution of gestation and lactation to the mother's elimination of TCDD. The results suggest that gestation and lactation do not significantly impact TCDD blood elimination. Future efforts will focus on using additional data to evaluate the PBPK model and improving the mathematical descriptions of lactation and multiple gestations.
Toxicokinetics and Interaction of Nanoparticles with Biological Matrices
Preoperative 24-hour pH monitoring in achalasia patients
Diseases of The Esophagus, 1995
A weight of evidence approach for the assessment of the ototoxic potential of industrial chemicals
Toxicology and Industrial Health, Nov 7, 2011
There is accumulating epidemiological evidence that exposure to some solvents, metals, asphyxiant... more There is accumulating epidemiological evidence that exposure to some solvents, metals, asphyxiants and other substances in humans is associated with an increased risk of acquiring hearing loss. Furthermore, simultaneous and successive exposure to certain chemicals along with noise can increase the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss. There are no regulations that require hearing monitoring of workers who are employed at locations in which occupational exposure to potentially ototoxic chemicals occurs in the absence of noise exposure. This project was undertaken to develop a toxicological database allowing the identification of possible ototoxic substances present in the work environment alone or in combination with noise exposure. Critical toxicological data were compiled for chemical substances included in the Quebec occupational health regulation. The data were evaluated only for noise exposure levels that can be encountered in the workplace and for realistic exposure concentrations up to the short-term exposure limit or ceiling value (CV) or 5 times the 8-h time-weighted average occupational exposure limit (TWA OEL) for human data and up to 100 times the 8-h TWA OEL or CV for animal studies. In total, 224 studies (in 150 articles of which 44 evaluated the combined exposure to noise and a chemical) covering 29 substances were evaluated using a weight of evidence approach. For the majority of cases where potential ototoxicity was previously proposed, there is a paucity of toxicological data in the primary literature. Human and animal studies indicate that lead, styrene, toluene and trichloroethylene are ototoxic and ethyl benzene, n-hexane and p-xylene are possibly ototoxic at concentrations that are relevant to the occupational setting. Carbon monoxide appears to exacerbate noise-induced hearing dysfunction. Toluene interacts with noise to induce more severe hearing losses than the noise alone.
Environment International, Aug 1, 2021
Environmental exposure of humans to pollutants has been associated with adverse health outcomes, ... more Environmental exposure of humans to pollutants has been associated with adverse health outcomes, but few studies have evaluated the multiple exposure of general populations. In the present study, we used hair analysis to assess the exposure of a general adult population (n = 497) in Luxembourg to 34 persistent and 33 nonpersistent organic pollutants from 11 chemical families, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), and pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs). We detected 24 persistent and 29 non-persistent organic pollutants, with 17 pollutants being detected in more than 50% of hair samples. The median concentrations for pollutants detected in 100% of the samples were 0.37 pg/mg for lindane (γ-HCH), 0.15 pg/mg for hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 14.1 pg/ mg for p-nitrophenyl (PNP), and 0.10 pg/mg for trifluralin. Each participant in this study had detectable levels of at least 10 of the pollutants analyzed, and 50% of participants had 19 or more, suggesting the simultaneous exposure to numerous different pollutants among our study population. Significant correlations were often found between pollutants from the same family, with the strongest being found between two PYR metabolites, trans/ cis-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-carboxylic acid (Cl 2 CA) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA). Results from multiple linear regression analyses showed that sex, age and/or body mass index were significantly associated with 15 out of the 17 frequently detected pollutants. The current study is the first nationwide biomonitoring investigating organic contaminants in the Luxembourg population using hair analysis.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for developmental exposure to BDE-47 in rats
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Feb 1, 2010
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used commercially as additive flame retardants and hav... more Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used commercially as additive flame retardants and have been shown to transfer into environmental compartments, where they have the potential to bioaccumulate in wildlife and humans. Of the 209 possible PBDEs, 2, ...
Journal of physics, May 26, 2015
Scientific literature suggests that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) might be associated with adve... more Scientific literature suggests that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) might be associated with adverse health effects. A well-developed human risk assessment (HRA) that applies to NPs has never been established and optimized-until now. Furthermore, no government regulations are in place that establish what is considered to be an adequate and secure level of exposure and supported by a strong scientific approach for nanotechnology. It is important to implement the HRA to ensure that workers producing NPs, users of NPs and the general population are protected from deleterious issues related to NPs. In this work, a methodology is described based on the HRA. An effort is required during synthesis before the commercialization phase to evaluate the results of a systematic and rigorous assessment because this could significantly reduce the health risks of those exposed to NPs, including workers and the population.
Environmental Health Perspectives, Sep 1, 2006
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats
Environmental health perspectives, Sep 19, 2013
Background: Though the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has increased exponentially, little ... more Background: Though the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) has increased exponentially, little attention has been given to NP bioavailability and biodistribution. Cerium oxide (CeO2) NPs have bee...
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of polyethylene glycol-coated polyacrylamide nanoparticles in rats
Nanotoxicology, Jan 6, 2014
Nanoparticles&amp... more Nanoparticles' health risks depend on their biodistribution in the body. Phagocytosis may greatly affect this distribution but has not yet explicitly accounted for in whole body pharmacokinetic models. Here, we present a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model that includes phagocytosis of nanoparticles to explore the biodistribution of intravenously injected polyethylene glycol-coated polyacrylamide nanoparticles in rats. The model explains 97% of the observed variation in nanoparticles amounts across organs. According to the model, phagocytizing cells quickly capture nanoparticles until their saturation and thereby constitute a major reservoir in richly perfused organs (spleen, liver, bone marrow, lungs, heart and kidneys), storing 83% of the nanoparticles found in these organs 120 h after injection. Key determinants of the nanoparticles biodistribution are the uptake capacities of phagocytizing cells in organs, the partitioning between tissue and blood, and the permeability between capillary blood and tissues. This framework can be extended to other types of nanoparticles by adapting these determinants.
Substitution du bisphénol A. L'identification des dangers des substituts potentiels au bisphénol A -: Etat des lieux sur les alternatives au bisphénol A en complément du rapport de l'Anses relatif à l’évaluation des risques liés au Bisphénol A (BPA) pour la santé humaine et aux données toxicologi...
The epigenetic hallmark of early-life α-hexabromocyclododecane exposure: From cerebellar 6-mA levels to locomotor performance in adulthood
Environment International
Toxics
Blood is the most widely used matrix for biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). I... more Blood is the most widely used matrix for biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). It is assumed that POPs are homogenously distributed within body lipids at steady state; however, the variability underlying the partitioning of POPs between fat compartments is poorly understood. Hence, the objective of this study was to review the state of the science about the relationships of POPs between adipose tissue and serum in humans. We conducted a narrative literature review of human observational studies reporting concentrations of POPs in paired samples of adipose tissue with other lipid-based compartments (e.g., serum lipids). The searches were conducted in SCOPUS and PUBMED. A meta-regression was performed to identify factors responsible for variability. All included studies reported high variability in the partition coefficients of POPs, mainly between adipose tissue and serum. The number of halogen atoms was the physicochemical variable most strongly and positively assoc...
Substances reprotoxiques et perturbateurs endocriniens - Composés de la famille des bisphénols : Bisphénols M, S, B, AP, AF, F et BADGE: en complément du rapport de l'Anses relatif à l’évaluation des risques liés au Bisphénol A (BPA) pour la santé humaine et aux données toxicologiques et d’usage ...
Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Mar 1, 2013
Environment International, 2016
On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,... more On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, released up to 30 kg of 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-the most potent dioxin congener. Twenty years later, the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS) initiated a follow-up assessment of a cohort of female Seveso residents. Researchers collected serial blood, measured for TCDD levels, and recorded information about the women's medical history after the explosion. The study's aims were to: 1) modify the human PBPK model for TCDD (Emond et al. 2004; Emond et al. 2005; NCEA-USEPA 2010) to include repetitive gestation and lactation; 2) simulate TCDD blood concentrations during different life stages including pregnancy and lactation, under different exposure scenarios; and 3) use this PBPK model to compare the influence of gestation and lactation on elimination of TCDD. After optimization of the model, it was assessed using data from the SWHS cohort. The 23 women in Subcohort A, were 4-39 years old and in Subcohort B, the 18 women were 3-17 years old when the explosion occurred. The model accurately predicted the blood concentrations during the 20 years post-exposure, including periods of pregnancy and lactation. The model was also used to analyze the contribution of gestation and lactation to the mother's elimination of TCDD. The results suggest that gestation and lactation do not significantly impact TCDD blood elimination. Future efforts will focus on using additional data to evaluate the PBPK model and improving the mathematical descriptions of lactation and multiple gestations.
[Endoscopic YAG laser and palliative therapy of cancer of the esophagus]
Annales de chirurgie, 1995
In our institution, the YAG laser has been used to treat 110 patients with inoperable esophageal ... more In our institution, the YAG laser has been used to treat 110 patients with inoperable esophageal carcinoma. Therapy was palliative as patients presented metastases (41.8%), advanced systemic disease (22.7%), extensive local disease (18.2%) or recurrent carcinoma (10%). The study group included 92 men (mean age 68.4 years) and 18 women (mean age 67.0 years); 47.3% of the patients had received no previous treatment while 52.7% had been treated previously with either radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, stents or dilatation. The majority of lesions were adenocarcinomas (57.3%) with squamous cell carcinomas in 37.3%; 66.3% of cancers were located in the distal third of the esophagus. The patients received a mean of 2.4 laser treatments with 4883 joules per treatment on average. The rate of major complications was 2.7% and the rate of mortality 1.8%. The median survival for the group was 4.5 months. No significant difference was found in the length of survival according to the histology ...
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2011
Nanotechnology allows the ability to design many new materials and devices with multiple applicat... more Nanotechnology allows the ability to design many new materials and devices with multiple applications, such as in medicine, electronics, and energy production. However, nanotechnology also raises several concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials. A report published by the Council of Canadian Academies points out the necessity to respond about many uncertainties associated with risk assessment for ensuring the safety of health and environment. Nanotoxicology (or Nanosafety) is a part of the toxicology science that aims to study adverse effects of nanomaterials or nanoparticles on living
International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2010
The increasing commercial application of nanomaterials is raising concerns about their potential ... more The increasing commercial application of nanomaterials is raising concerns about their potential release to aquatic environments. The purpose of this study was to examine the behaviour in freshwater of capped CdS/CdTe quantum dots and the sublethal effects on gills of rainbow trout. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to increasing concentrations of CdS/CdTe or dissolved cadmium (CdSO 4) for 48 h at 15°C. The initial Cd and Te concentration in the aquarium water and size fractionation were determined. After the exposure period, the gills were analysed for labile Cd content, changes in lactate and pyruvate, total and redox status of metallothioneins (MT), lipid peroxidation, protein chaperones of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 72 family and ubiquitin conjugates. QDs were mostly between 6.8 and 25 nm suggesting aggregates. Significant increases in total and metal-binding MT, gill lactate and pyruvate levels and Hsp 72 proteins were observed while ubiquitin protein conjugates were significantly decreased by the QDs only with dissolved Cd, LPO and lactate/pyruvate ratio were not affected by the QDs. A discriminant function analysis of the biomarker responses revealed that colloidal and dissolved Cd differed significantly from each other, suggesting different modes of action.