Enrico Granieri - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Enrico Granieri

European Neurology, 1996

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre study was conducted to evaluate t... more A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicentre study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of pentoxifylline (Trental) in patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID) according to DSM-III-R criteria. Men and women aged 45 years or older, with a Hachinski Ischemia Scale score > or = 7 and a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 10-25 at entry, and computed tomographic evidence of vascular disease were enrolled. A total of 289 patients were randomised to receive either oral pentoxifylline 400 mg t.i.d. or placebo for 9 months, and efficacy was assessed every 3 months. The primary outcome variable was the difference in scores between the two treatment groups, as measured on the Gottfries, Bråne, Steen (GBS) scale. Secondary outcome variables included the scores achieved on the Sandoz Clinical Assessment Geriatric (SCAG) scale and MMSE, and a battery of psychological and other tests. The intention-to-treat analysis for patients completing the study (n = 239) showed a statistically significant difference in the total GBS score in favour of pentoxifylline (improvement of 3.5 points, p = 0.028). A significant difference in the total GBS score in favour of pentoxifylline was even almost achieved in the intention-to-treat analysis for all evaluable patients (n = 269, improvement of 2.1 points, p = 0.065). It is concluded that treatment with pentoxifylline is beneficial for patients with MID, the global results of the GBS and SCAG scales being reinforced by significant improvements in those subscales specific for intellectual and cognitive function.

Review della frequenza dell'ictus e dei fattori di rischio genetici e ambientali

Neurological Sciences, 2012

It is widely accepted that oxidative stress increases with age, and that age is a major risk fact... more It is widely accepted that oxidative stress increases with age, and that age is a major risk factor for several neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. An unbalanced overproduction of reactive oxygen species can induce neuronal damage, leading to neuronal death by necrosis or apoptosis. Antioxidants are consequently considered to be a promising approach to neuroprotection. Although experimental data are consistent in demonstrating a neuroprotective effects of antioxidants in vitro and in animal models, the clinical evidence that antioxidants agents may prevent or slow the course of these diseases is still relatively unsatisfactory, and unsufficient to strongly modify the clinical practice. This review summarizes the available data from experimental studies and clinical trials on antioxidant neuroprotection in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease

Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2008

Background: Recent research has raised the level of confidence in a limited number of putative en... more Background: Recent research has raised the level of confidence in a limited number of putative environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). While some risk factors found in early case-control studies have been confirmed in more rigorous prospective studies, these studies have not had the statistical power to examine interactions amongst these risk factors. Objective: To examine the independent and joint role of Epstein-Barr virus infection, vitamin D through diet and sunlight exposure, and smoking on the risk of MS. Methods: A case-control study that will include more than 3000 MS cases and 15,000 population controls from Norway, Italy, Sweden, Serbia and Canada is underway. A standardized questionnaire with common content for all countries that is flexible enough to accommodate the variability in risk factor distributions (for example, diet) in the different countries has been developed. Results: The questionnaire has been piloted in Norway, Serbia, Sweden and Italy on a combined total of 80 MS patients and 177 healthy subjects. Preliminary results indicate that both groups found the questions easy to understand. Findings from this pilot will be used to improve the questionnaire, reducing misclassification of exposures. Conclusions: This casecontrol study is an important step forward in MS epidemiological research and is the first of a new generation of MS etiological research focusing on selected risk factors that are individually supported in the literature and incorporating a conceptual model of their interaction. The conduct of the study in both high-risk and medium-risk countries using a common methodology is novel. The questionnaire developed in this study could be eventually adopted by researchers in other countries allowing comparison (and pooling) of data with this international initiative

Case report su un caso di miopatia oculo-faringea e discussione con ipotesi diagnostica alternati... more Case report su un caso di miopatia oculo-faringea e discussione con ipotesi diagnostica alternativa di oftalmoplegia plu

Incidenza della Corea di Huntington nella provincia di Ferrar

Analisi della frequenza della sclerosi multipla in Italia e proposta di valutazione dei bisogni d... more Analisi della frequenza della sclerosi multipla in Italia e proposta di valutazione dei bisogni dei malat

Studio sull'anatomia dell'arteria uditiva interna e delle sue varianti attraverso analisi... more Studio sull'anatomia dell'arteria uditiva interna e delle sue varianti attraverso analisi di angiografie dei vasi arteriosi intracranic

Intrathecal synthesis of interleukin-12 in multiple sclerosi

PubMed, 1994

Treatment of PHA-activated PBMC with anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb 01.65) shows: 1) d... more Treatment of PHA-activated PBMC with anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb 01.65) shows: 1) depletion of particulate protein Kinase C (PKC) and partial reduction of cytosolic PKC after only 10 min.; 2) inhibition of tritiated thymidine (3H-Td) incorporation; 3) slowing down of cell cycle; 4) reduced expression of four cell cycle related genes. These findings suggest that the depletion of PKC is reflected on the cell cycle progression and expression of cell cycle related genes. We studied, in PHA-activated PBMC cultures, the effect of N-N-Staurosporine (StSp) acting as PKC inhibitor at nanomolar concentrations, alone and combined with mAb 01.65. StSp, inhibits the proliferative response of PHA stimulated PBMC in a competitive fashion with mAb 01.65. We report here that StSp alone and combined with mAb 01.65 affects also the expression of c-myc and cdc2 and the membrane expression of two proliferation markers: IL-2R (CD25) and TfR (CD71).

PubMed, May 1, 2000

Epidemiological studies have suggested that exogenous factors may play a role in the etiology of ... more Epidemiological studies have suggested that exogenous factors may play a role in the etiology of multiple sclerosis and that the environmental component may be viral, but, as yet, there is insufficient evidence to draw any definite conclusions concerning any of the viruses so far proposed. The case-control approach failed to give any definitive conclusion. While the frequency of each common childhood illness is not significantly different between cases and controls, there are more consistent data suggesting that cases do report a later age at infections: this applies particularly to measles, rubella, mumps and EBV infection. Several studies have proved that viral or bacterial infections or reactivations could trigger the clinical attacks in relapsing-remitting MS.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Dec 1, 1998

ABSTRACT To verify morbidity estimates in central Sardinia, Italy. A prevalence study was perform... more ABSTRACT To verify morbidity estimates in central Sardinia, Italy. A prevalence study was performed in the province of Nuoro, Central Sardinia, which has a population of 273,768 inhabitants (135,383 men and 138,385 women). A complete enumeration approach was adopted by using all possible case-collection sources. On prevalence day, December 31, 1993, 394 subjects (124 men and 270 women) living in the study area were known to suffer from definite and probable MS, giving a crude prevalence rate of 143.9 cases per 100,000 people, 91.6 for males and 195.11 for females. The crude prevalence estimated on December 31, 1985, based on 282 MS cases alive in the study area, was 102.94 per 100,000. This study reinforced central Sardinia's position as a high and rising prevalence area for MS.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Jul 21, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Feb 1, 1998

JC virus (JCV) DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification in the cerebrosp... more JC virus (JCV) DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 10 of 13 patients with a diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) previously confirmed by histological and virological techniques. It was not found in 42 CSF samples from 41 patients who did not have PML. Four sets of primers were used to amplify polyomavirus DNA. One was from the region of the genome coding the T antigen, a conserved region common to JC and BK viruses. A second set nested to these was used as a confirmatory test in a secondary PCR. The remaining two were from the region of the genome coding VPI, one specific for JCV and the other for BKV. CSF did not inhibit the PCR and preliminary DNA extraction was not considered necessary.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Oct 1, 2021

Journal of Neurology, 1978

Comparative study on the occurence of multiple sclerosis, rheumatic heart disease and rheumatoid ... more Comparative study on the occurence of multiple sclerosis, rheumatic heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis in Sardinia The comparative geography of multiple sclerosis (MS) and nonneurological diseases considered to be autoimmune is of great interest. But there are few appropriate investigations. Some have found an increase in the frequency of MS, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic heart disease depending on the geographic latitude. Nevertheless, the significance of the latitude effect as an indicator of a possible etiological relationship between MS and these conditions has been questioned. In this paper, the frequency of MS, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic heart disease and poststreptococcal nephritis is reported from Sardinia where appreciable differences in climatic and socioeconomic conditions exist. There was a positive correlation of the distribution of MS with the distribution of rheumatic heart disease and poststreptococcal nephritis. On the other hand, no correlation was found with the distribution of rheumatoid arthriti

Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences, 1993