Etalem Tesfaye - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Etalem Tesfaye

Cogent food & agriculture, Feb 20, 2024

Asian journal of advances in agricultural research, Oct 2, 2023

Dual-purpose Koekoek breed technology package demonstration was carried out in Sidama zone Dale a... more Dual-purpose Koekoek breed technology package demonstration was carried out in Sidama zone Dale and Shebedino woredas. The package aimed to build the skill of participant farmers through dissemination and promotion of suitable full-fledged chicken technologies for household income and food security. Participant farmers were selected purposely based on willingness to construct a chicken house, covering the associated package costs and record the required data. Three days of training on chicken management feeds and feeding and health was given for those selected households (hh) farmers and Livestock and Fishery Resource Development office experts and development agents. A total of 550 a-day old chicks were distributed for Shebedino and Dale Woredas for a total of 11 participants’ hh each with 50 chicks. Chick starter formulated rations were also given for two months' consumption and by then the chicken was scavenged and provided household leftovers and supplements. Vaccines were p...

Journal of Animal Science and Research, 2018

This study was carried out to assess the feeding value of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) in la... more This study was carried out to assess the feeding value of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) in layers ration on feed intake, body weight (BW) change, feed conversion ratio, egg quality and shelf life. A total of 96 Koekoek hens aging 41 weeks were used and equally divided into 4 dietary treatments with a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments are rations contained MOLM at the level of 0% (T 1), 5% (T 2), 10% (T 3) and 15% (T 4) with 3 replications. Body weight (BW) change was calculated by taking the difference of BW taken at start (initial BW) and end of the experiment (final BW). Data on feed intake and egg weight were recorded daily and mortality rate as it occurred throughout the experimental period. Egg quality was evaluated biweekly on 4 eggs per replicate. The shelf life of eggs was determined by considering albumen and yolk measurements as well as Haugh unit at an interval of 7 days on 4 eggs per replicate stored for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Albumen and yolk pH of eggs stored at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days was also determined to evaluate the shelf life. Parameters considered during the study showed a positive (P<0.05) response. Body weight change was 0.32 kg in T 1 , 0.43 kg in T 2 , 0.48 kg in T 3 and 0.37 kg in T 4. Feed conversion ratio (FCR (kg egg/kg feed)) was 1.73 in T 1 , 2.10 in T 2 , 1.52 in T 3 and 1.59 in T 4. BW change were recorded for T 3 while higher yolk color was observed for T 3 and average egg weight was 48.66 gm in T 1 , 54.51 gm in T 2 , 49.94 gm in T 3 and 50.31 gm in T 4. Higher feed intake and T 4. In the present study, it was possible to prolong the age of eggs from hens that fed 5% MOLM than the control and other treatments. From most parameters considered in this study like feed intake, BW change and FCR; better egg quality and prolonged shelf life for internal egg quality, it is concluded that addition of 5% MOLM in the layers diet is recommended. Moringa oleifera leaf meal utilization at 5% in the poultry industry may serve the sector by enhancing the product quality as a feed additive besides serving as protein feed.

Poultry Science, 1983

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of feed restriction on production performa... more Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of feed restriction on production performance of egg production pullets. In Experiment 1, two brown-egg strains (A and B) were subjected to full feeding, a restricted duration of feeding program, and a quantitative feed restriction program. Two White Leghorn strains (C and D) were subjected to full feeding and restricted duration of feeding only. For Experiment 2, only strains B and D were used and an additional restricted duration of feeding program was studied. Pullets were maintained on these programs to 20 weeks of age. Production data were collected to 66 and 62 weeks of age for Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Restricted duration of feeding was found to depress body weight by 2 to 3%, and quantitative feed restriction depressed body weight by 5% with feed intake depressed by the same magnitudes. Feed restriction at these levels had no significant effects on hen-day or hen-housed egg production, egg weight, egg mass, or egg grades. Net egg income over feed cost was significantly improved by feed restriction in Experiment 2. Pullets on quantitative restriction produced the greatest returns. This was due to increased numbers of large eggs and the decrease in rearing feed consumption. Feed restriction had no effect on mortality or sexual maturity. Feed consumption, body weight, egg weight, and economic returns were higher for the heavy strain of pullets. Mortality was highest within the light strains.

The Ethiopian journal of science and technology, Nov 7, 2022

An investigation was undertaken to study the effects of feeding boiled mango seed kernel (BMSK) o... more An investigation was undertaken to study the effects of feeding boiled mango seed kernel (BMSK) on the growth performance and feed utilization parameters of Hubbard broiler chicks with the objective of recommending the optimum level of mango seed kernel inclusion in broiler feed. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four treatments, each replicated three times with 13 birds each. One-hundred fifty-six-day-old chicks with uniform body weight (BW) were used and were distributed randomly to the four diets. The four treatment diets were control (T 1) (100% maize + 0% BMSK), T 2 (95% maize + 5% BMSK), T 3 (90% maize + 10% BMSK) and T 4 (85% maize + 15% BMSK). All the experimental chickens were weighted initially (initial BW) and lasted for 49 days during which growth performance traits were recorded. After 49 days, two birds from each replication were randomly selected and slaughtered to evaluate the effect of BMSK on the final body weight of the chicks. The results on average daily feed intake per bird for T 1 and T 2 were not significantly different, i.e., 71.4 and 70.8 g (P>0.05) but it was significantly higher than that of T 3 and T 4 which was 68.13 and 68.23 g. At the end of 7 weeks, the final BW of chicks fed on T 1 and T 2 were 2657 and 2644, not significantly different, but were significantly higher than that of T 3 and T 4 which were 2610 and 2603 g per bird, respectively. The Average daily BW gain (ADG) for the respective T 1 and T 2 was 53.4, 53.2 g and was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of T 3 and T 4 which were 52.44 and 52.31 g per bird. The feed conversion ratio (g feed/g gain) for T 1 and T 2 was 1.36, 1.36 and was significantly higher than that of T 3 and T 4 which were 1.33 and 1.33 g per bird, respectively. Inclusion of mango seed kernel up to 15% in broiler nutrition has no detrimental effect, profitable and can be best alternative feed sources in broiler feed if treated well by using the best technical methods of anti-nutritional factors like boiling.

Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), Oct 3, 2012

A total of 300 Hubbard Classic day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 15 pens equa... more A total of 300 Hubbard Classic day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 15 pens equally, representing 5 feeding treatments to evaluate the performance of chicks fed varying dietary levels of Moringa Olifera Leaf Meal (MOLM) replacing soybean meal (SBM) up to the age of 56 days. Treatments were inclusion of MOLM at 0 (T1), 5 (T2), 10 (T3), 15 (T4) and 20% (T5). Four birds 2 from each sex were randomly selected from each replication for carcass evaluation at the end of the study. From the same birds used for carcass evaluation, blood was taken for serum Total Cholesterol (TC) and Total Protein (TP) determination. The crude protein content of MOLM was 28%. Daily Dry Matter (DM) intake during the entire experimental period ranged 54 to 75 g/bird and was greater (P<0.05) for T1 than T3 and T5. Daily body weight gain for the entire experimental period were 29, 25, 22, 22 and 17g (SEM = 1.0) for T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively and values were greater for T1 as compared to T3, T4 and T5 but similar (P>0.05) with T2. Replacement of MOLM for SBM lowered (P<0.05) yield of most parameters such as dressed weight, eviscerated weight, breast weight, thigh weight, drumstick weight and giblet weight. Sex differences were significant in drumstick weight and drumstick and thigh percentages with greater values for males than females. Conversely, eviscerated percentage was greater (P<0.05) for females than males. Levels of TC and TP were greater for T3 than T1, T4 and T5 (P<0.05). However, differences in TC and TP levels due to sex were not significant (P>0.05). Depending on the production parameters measured, MOLM can be substituted to SBM in broilers diet up to a level of 5% inclusion in the total ration without negative effect on biological performance. Levels of MOLM substitution to SBM of 10-20% appeared to reduce growth rate but did not have an adverse effect on the health of birds, indicating the potential of the plant as an alternative feed ingredient in poultry feeding.

International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences

The experiment was conducted with 150 Bovans brown pullets to evaluate the performance of grower ... more The experiment was conducted with 150 Bovans brown pullets to evaluate the performance of grower pullets and layers fed raw or processed pigeon pea seed meal diets from 18th week stage of life. Each treatment had three replicates and ten birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD) with pullets and layers fed comprised of 20% pigeon pea seed meal diets that were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous. Live weight, feed intake, live weight gain, egg production and mortality parameters were measured. Pullets fed 20% boiled and soaked PPSM diets attained significantly higher (P<0.05) final body weight at point of lay and daily feed intake than those fed control, raw and toasted PPSM diets. Results revealed that non-significant (P>0.05) differences among the layers fed PPSM diets in hen-day egg production, average daily feed intake and average mortality parameters but significant differences (p<0.05) were observed on hen-housed egg production and age at first egg lay pa...

Journal of Animal Research, 2021

A 115-days feeding trial was conducted on 225 Koekoek day-old chicks at DubboMante experimental s... more A 115-days feeding trial was conducted on 225 Koekoek day-old chicks at DubboMante experimental site of AARC in a completely randomized design to evaluate feed intake, growth performance and carcass yield of Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken fed cassava leaf meal at dietary levels of 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5respectively. The experiment lasted for 13 weeks after two weeks of brooding period. Feed intake and body weight were measured in a daily and weekly basis, respectively. At the end of the experiment, two chickens (cockerel and pullet) per replicate of each treatment were randomly selected, fastened overnight, weighed and slaughtered for measurements of carcass traits. Final body weight and daily body weight gain were higher for T1 [837.91 g and 8.22 g/day, respectively] with no significant difference [p>0.05] between T2, T3, T4 and T5. Chickens kept under T1 [837.91 g and 8.22 g/day] and T2 [788.47 g and 8.17 g/d] were similar in these parameters. Feed conversion...

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2014

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate effects of cassava root chips (CRC) andMoringa oleifer... more Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate effects of cassava root chips (CRC) andMoringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) inclusion in layer rations on egg laying performance, egg quality parameters, fertility, and hatchability. One hundred twenty Dominant CZ layers, 22 wk of age, and 12 cocks were used and equally divided into 4 dietary treatments with 3 replications. Treatment rations contained CRC and MOLM [i.e., T1 (0% CRC and 0% MOLM), T2 (50% CRC and 0% MOLM), T3 (0% CRC and 5% MOLM), and T4 (50% CRC and 5% MOLM)]. The CRC and MOLM were used to substitute for 100% corn grain and 5% soybean meal, respectively. Hens were weighed at the start and end of the experiment and BW change was calculated. Data on DM intake, hen-day egg production, egg weight, and egg mass were recorded daily. Egg quality parameters were determined at an interval of 15 d on 4 eggs per replicate. Fertility and hatchability of eggs, as well as mortality of birds and embryonic mortality of fertile eggs during the incubation period were recorded. From the chemical analysis, the calculated ME content of CRC was 3,852 kcal/kg of DM and the CP content of MOLM was 28%. The DM intake of birds, hen-day egg production, egg mass, FE, and mortality rate were not influenced by treatments. Body weight change and egg weight were higher for T4 as compared with other treatments. Most external and internal egg quality parameters, especially yolk color, were improved when the diet contained MOLM. Fertility showed nonsignificant differences among treatments. However, hatchability percentage for T1 was lower than the other treatments. In conclusion, CRC at 50% of the diet, CRC replacing corn grain 100%, or MOLM at 5% of the diet replacing soybean meal can impart similar or better positive effects on egg production, egg quality parameters, eggs fertility, and hatchability of Dominant CZ layers. Thus, 50% CRC, 5% MOLM, or a combination of both can successfully be used in the diet of layers as energy and protein feed ingredients, respectively.

American Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2017

The purpose of this study was designed to investigate the amino acid and fatty acid composition o... more The purpose of this study was designed to investigate the amino acid and fatty acid composition of taro leaf and corm samples. An UHPLC and GC-FID method was used for the determination of amino acids and fatty acid composition, respectively. Taro leaf was processed as a powder and pre-curd concentrates while the corm was pre-gelatinized with and without peel prior to the analysis. The amino acid and fatty acid composition (%) of the analyzed samples were quantified with their relative area comparing with respective standards. In the present study, the leaf and corm of taro contained the three essential amino acids leucine, lysine and methionine. For the study, the calculated amino acid values were low in corm samples, but amino acid composition was higher in the leaf samples. Concerning fatty acids, the dominant fatty acid in the leaf and corm was oleic acid (C18:1, n-9) which ranged from 140.697 ± 0.054 to 216.775 ± 0.043 and 101.932 ± 0.023 to 101.950 ± 0. 04 mg/100 g, respectivel...

African Journal of …, 2011

African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6(4), pp. 849-855, 18 February, 2011 Available onli... more African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6(4), pp. 849-855, 18 February, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR ISSN 1991-637X ©2011 Academic Journals ... Effect of skip-a-day feed restriction on carcass yield ... Etalem Tesfaye1*, Berhan ...

Abstract: A total of 300 day-old Hubbard Classic broiler chicks with initial body weight (BW) of ... more Abstract: A total of 300 day-old Hubbard Classic broiler chicks with initial body weight (BW) of 43.6±1.33 (mean±SD) were randomly and equally distributed into 15 pens, representing five feeding treatments with three replication per treatment to evaluate the performance of chicks fed varying dietary levels of cassava root chips (CRC) replacing corn grain (CG). Treatments were replacement of CG with CRC at 0 (T1), 25 (T2), 50 (T3), 75 (T4) and 100 % (T5) levels. Isocaloric and isonitrogenous starter and finisher rations were used. Four birds 2 from each sex were randomly taken from each replication and slaughtered for carcass evaluation at the end of the study. The metabolizable energy content of CRC and CG were 3852 and 3753 kcal/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. Daily DM intake during the entire experimental period ranged 61 to 67 g/bird and was greater (P<0.05) for T5 than T3 and T4, while values for T1 was similar with other treatments. Change in BW, daily BW gain and DM conve...

Carcass yield characteristics and economic advantage of skip-a-day feed restriction method at dif... more Carcass yield characteristics and economic advantage of skip-a-day feed restriction method at different growth stages of Rhode Island Red chicken was evaluated. Two-hundred forty day-old chicks with average body weight of 48.92±1.5 g were randomly distributed into 12 pens each with 20 chicks, representing four feeding regimen of T 1 (Unrestricted, Control), T 2 (Restricted at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of age), T 3 (Restricted at 35, 42, 49 and 56 days of age) and T 4 (Restricted at 63, 70, 77 and 84 days of age). Feed restriction was based on skipping a-day once in a week and the next day's feed offer was based on the previous day's feed intake. The experiment lasted for 22 weeks, during which feed intake and body weight changes were monitored. At the end of the experimental period, six pullets from each treatment were randomly selected and slaughtered to evaluate carcass yield, abdominal fat and weights and lengths of different parts of gastrointestinal tract. The daily DM, C...

A study was conducted to evaluate effects of cassava root chips (CRC) and Moringa oleifera leaf m... more A study was conducted to evaluate effects of cassava root chips (CRC) and Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) inclusion in layer rations on egg laying performance, egg quality param-eters, fertility, and hatchability. One hundred twenty Dominant CZ layers, 22 wk of age, and 12 cocks were used and equally divided into 4 dietary treatments with 3 replications. Treatment

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2016

The objective of this study was designed to investigate the nutritive and non- nutritive constitu... more The objective of this study was designed to investigate the nutritive and non- nutritive constituents of taro leaf powder and leaf curd extracts through improved processing methods. The study was conducted using factorial combination of two independent variables (taro leaf varieties and processing methods) with three replications in a completely randomized design (CRD). The analysis undertaken in this study was leaf proximate composition, mineral concentration and anti-nutritional factors of samples processed as leaf powder and curd concentrates between local taro and boloso-1 taro varieties. The moisture content in the study ranged from 3.444 ± 0.192 to 3.733 ± 0.693, crude protein from 25.061 ± 1.297 to 26.252 ± 1.530, crude fat from 5.835 ± 0.169 to 6.436 ± 0.889, fiber from 3.192 ± 1.988 to 4.597 ± 1.396, total ash from 2.706 ± 0.074 to 2.876 ± 0.230, total carbohydrate from 56.221 ± 2.743 to 59.383 ± 2.942, amylose contents from 5.319 ± 1.159 to 6.276 ± 0.987, beta- carotene (mg/100 g) 2.703 ± 0.225 to 2.480 ± 0.205 and phenolic compound(mg/100 g) from 0.957 ± 0.087 to 1.113 ± 0.188. The five macro minerals, mg/100 g of Na, K, Mg, P and Ca in the study differ significantly (p<0.05) and ranged from lowest (6.607 ± 1.055, 14.333 ± 1.470, 8.293 ± 1.899, 1.179 ± 0.81 and 15.265 ± 6.211 respectively) to highest (7.826 ± 1.827, 17.017 ± 3.4, 9.744 ± 1.908, 1.904 ± 0.995 and 19.547 ± 6.69) value, respectively. Concerning micro minerals like Zn, Fe, and Cu contents, mg/100 g were significantly (p<0.05); varied from minimum (9.647 ±rn4.550, 40.374 ± 9.831 and 0.415 ± 0.194) to maximum (12.750 ± 1.811, 51.868 ± 17.025 and 0.580 ± 0.221) values, for boloso-1 taro variety, respectively. From the general trend observed in this study, most of the analyzed samples that boloso-1 taro variety subjected to curd processing provided better proximate, mineral, functional and lower anti-nutritional contents than that of the local taro leaf.

Cogent food & agriculture, Feb 20, 2024

Asian journal of advances in agricultural research, Oct 2, 2023

Journal of Animal Science and Research, 2018

Poultry Science, 1983

The Ethiopian journal of science and technology, Nov 7, 2022

Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), Oct 3, 2012

International Journal of Scholarly Research in Life Sciences

Journal of Animal Research, 2021

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2014

American Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2017

African Journal of …, 2011

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2016

A study was conducted to find the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), fenugreek (Trigonell... more A study was conducted to find the effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) seeds as natural feed additives on broiler carcass characteristics. A total of 315-day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly allocated to seven treatment groups with three replicates (15 chicks each) reared for 49 days. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as control, black cumin seed, fenugreek and turmeric powder at (1and 2 g kg-1 of the total ration). At the end of the experiment, two birds per replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics. The result revealed that commercial carcass yield was significantly influenced (P ≤ 0.05) by the natural dietary treatments compare to the control birds. There was significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in edible carcass yield among the treatment groups. Supplementation with the natural feed additives significant promoted breast meat yield (P ≤ 0.05). However, there is no significant change (P ≥ 0.05) in thigh + drumstick, wing and back meat yield between the dietary treatments and the control group birds. There was no a significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in relative weight of liver, heart and GIT among treatment groups. However, supplementation of fenugreek powder at level of 1 and 2 g kg-1 had a significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on gizzard and giblet ratio as compared to the control. Abdominal fat ratio were significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.05) due to dietary supplementation of turmeric at (1 to 2 g/kg) compared to that of the control and the other dietary treatment group birds. black cumin and fenugreek do not have effect in carcass traits. However, turmeric can be included as feed additive at a level of (1 and 2 g/kg in the total ration) for better and positive results on carcass yield and lean meat (breast meat) production which could reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia and increase consumer acceptability.