Ethan Bergman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ethan Bergman
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sep 1, 2018
Background: Children living within institutionalized care are at increased risk for malnutrition ... more Background: Children living within institutionalized care are at increased risk for malnutrition and developmental delays. Institutions receive limited or no training on nutrition and feeding best practices, which has negative impacts on child health. Method: An intra-disciplinary team conducted pilots in six countries at eleven sites. An assessment, training and a 6 month evaluation was completed at each orphanage. The Child Nutrition Program is Training of Trainers (ToT) approach that focuses on the specific needs of each orphanage with four days of classroom training and a one day hands-on practicum. The program includes access to tools, information and resources needed to successfully implement, sustain and scale the program. All levels of site staff including caregivers, leadership, cooks and nurses participate. The training topics include: nutrition basics, nutrition by age, hygiene, sanitation, growth tracking and monitoring, nutrition interventions for malnutrition and other common illnesses, feeding and positioning, food texture modification, and child development; it focuses on children 0-5 years of age and children with disabilities.
Journal of The American College of Nutrition, Dec 1, 1994
Our purpose was to determine the effect of 2 weeks of caffeine abstinence on calcium (Ca) and bon... more Our purpose was to determine the effect of 2 weeks of caffeine abstinence on calcium (Ca) and bone metabolism in women habitually consuming caffeine and either low or moderate amounts of Ca. Participants were 25 women, aged 39-76 years (mean 65 years, median 57 years) habitually consuming at least 200 mg caffeine daily. Three days of dietary records and 24-hour urine collections were made immediately prior to collection of fasting blood and 1-hour urine in a metabolic unit. Women were classified as low Ca consumers (414-584 mg daily) or moderate Ca consumers (662-1357 mg daily) based on 6 days of diet records. Women in the low Ca group had higher levels of serum ultrafiltrable Ca (UFCa) after caffeine abstinence (1.40 mmol/L CAF+ vs 1.52 mmol/L CAF-, p < 0.01), while there were no differences between experimental periods for UFCa in the moderate Ca group (1.35 mmol/L CAF+ vs 1.38 mmol/L CAF-, ns). Women in the low Ca group also had lower serum bone isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase levels after caffeine abstinence (9.3 U/L CAF+ vs 8.8 U/L CAF-, p < 0.05), while no significant changes were seen in bone alkaline phosphatase in the moderate Ca consumers (8.7 U/L CAF+ vs 8.9 U/L CAF-, ns). Fasting total serum Ca, urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine, and Ca/creatinine ratios were unchanged in both dietary groups. Three-day mean 24-hour urinary Ca excretion decreased after caffeine abstinence in the moderate Ca group only. There were no differences in dietary intakes of Ca from dairy products between CAF+ and CAF- in either the low or moderate Ca groups. Abstinence from moderate caffeine intake (mean 5.8 mg/kg lean body mass, 383 mg/day caffeine) raises ultrafiltrable Ca and decreases bone alkaline phosphatase in older women consuming < 600 mg Ca daily.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2010
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that the schools and the community have a... more It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that the schools and the community have a shared responsibility to provide all students with access to high-quality foods and school-based nutrition services as an integral part of the total education program. Educational goals, including the nutrition goals of the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program, should be supported and extended through school district wellness policies that create overall school environments that promote access to healthful school meals and physical activity and provide learning experiences that enable students to develop lifelong healthful eating habits. The National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs are an important source of nutrients for school-age children, and especially for those of low-income status. The American Dietetic Association was actively involved in the 2004 reauthorization of these programs, ensuring access through continued funding, promoting nutrition education and physical activity to combat overweight and prevent chronic disease, and promoting local wellness policies. The standards established for school meal programs result in school meals that provide nutrients that meet dietary guidelines, but standards do not apply to foods and beverages served and sold outside of the school meal. Labeled as competitive foods by the US Department of Agriculture, there is a growing concern that standards should be applied to food in the entire school environment. Legislation has mandated that all school districts that participate in the US Department of Agriculture's Child Nutrition Program develop and
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2006
LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine whether variations exist between the volume of enteral feeding tha... more LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine whether variations exist between the volume of enteral feeding that is prescribed and the amount actually delivered to patients in the intensive care setting, and some of the reasons behind the discrepancies TEXT: Enteral nutrition support is designed to provide nutritional support to patients with inadequate oral consumption. Nutrition professionals develop recommendations based upon estimated nutritional needs for patients on the assumption that feedings will be provided at a continual rate for an established time period. Instead, enteral feedings are often discontinued for nursing measures, medical procedures, and feeding intolerances. In a review of enteral feeding recommendations provided to patients in the intensive care setting, the amount prescribed and the amount delivered were documented to determine whether such discrepancies exist in practice. Twenty-eight medical charts for patients aged eighteen years or older with a length of stay greater than seven days and who were enterally fed in the intensive care unit during 2004 and 2005, were audited to assess individual enteral feeding regimens. The amount delivered and recorded on nursing flow sheets was compared to the amount prescribed by dietitians. If the feeding was withheld, the progress notes were reviewed to determine the reason for the discontinuation. This study determined that the mean volume of enteral formula actually delivered to acute care patients was 63% of that prescribed, with feedings being withheld an average of 22% of the total time. For each additional day on tube feeding, there was a 0.87% increase in the amount delivered compared to the amount prescribed. This study revealed the need to closely monitor recognized enteral support procedures to ensure adequate nutritional support is provided to acute-care patients.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2001
The participant will be able to determine the effect that offering a la carte items on the school... more The participant will be able to determine the effect that offering a la carte items on the school menu had on selection of National School Lunch Program food components in a junior high school setting.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Oct 1, 1990
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2001
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 1997
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2003
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2003
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Nov 1, 1991
Health information science and systems, Feb 27, 2020
School lunch programs have been implemented as a method to facilitate better learning environment... more School lunch programs have been implemented as a method to facilitate better learning environments for children. These programs bring together the importance of adequate nutrition for academic performance, growth and development. This study served to assess the impact of the School Lunch Program in India and observe measures related to nutrition adequacy and stunting in school aged children in Chennai, India. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected among students of ages 7 to 10 in a privately funded (n = 64) and a publicly funded school (n = 28). Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis was assessed for private school students. BMI for Age Z-scores for the private school (0.05 ± 1.36) (mean ± standard deviation) and public school (− 0.91 ± 2.01) were significantly different (p = 0.008). Additionally, 32% of public school students exhibited mild stunting, classified as Z-scores less than − 1. Total calories consumed during the private school lunch was 269 ± 112 and 463 ± 234 for the publically funded school. Analysis of nutritional parameters of meals suggest that adequacy was otherwise fair during this singular analysis but does not provide evidence to correlate body composition and long term implications of malnutrition with this study population. Additional longitudinal analysis is required to better assess these implications.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2016
Purpose/Objectives The purposes of this study were to: 1) analyze beverage selections of elementa... more Purpose/Objectives The purposes of this study were to: 1) analyze beverage selections of elementary students consuming National School Lunch Program meals (NSLP) and lunches brought from home (LBFH), 2) compare overall meal quality (MQ) of NSLP and LBFH by food components using Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), and 3) investigate the impact of beverage selections on MQ. Methods Digital plate waste estimations were analyzed for 509 NSLP and 524 LBFH meals from 2 nd-5 th grade students in four elementary schools during the 2011-2012 academic year. Nutrient Data Software for Research (NDSR) was used to determine food groups and nutrients for calculations. Independent t-tests compared NSLP and LBFH meal components. Two one-way ANOVA tests compared HEI-2010 dietary component scores by the following beverage selections: 1% plain milk, non-fat flavored milk, 100% fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), or water/no beverage. Results NSLP (90% non-fat flavored or 1% plain milk) and LBFH (75% water/none or SSB) varied widely in beverages selected. LBFH provided significantly (p < 0.05) more Whole Grains (NSLP 2.8/5pts vs LBFH 4.7pts) and Seafood & Plant Proteins (NSLP 0.5/5pts vs LBFH 1.7pts) than NSLP. NLSP provided more Dairy (NSLP 9.3/10pts vs LBFH 4.7pts). NSLP scored higher in Total Protein, and reduced Empty Calories. Both meal origins indicated a need for improvement in Greens/Bean Vegetables and Seafood/Plant Proteins. Selection of 1% plain milk resulted in significantly higher HEI-2010 scores (NSLP served 55.7/100pts, consumed 53.9pts and LBFH, served 62.1, consumed 60.2). Applications for Child Nutrition Professionals Child nutrition professionals consistently provide nutritious beverages like 1% plain milk, nonfat flavored milk, and 100% juice in NSLP meals. A "milk only" line for children with LBFH may encourage milk consumption and improve HEI scores of LBFH. LBFH would benefit from elimination of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB). Increased nutrition education to teachers, staff, parents, and children on the effects of various beverages on dietary quality would be appropriate to further improve beverage selection and meal quality.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2016
Purpose/Objectives This study investigates the effect of meal component changes by the Healthy, H... more Purpose/Objectives This study investigates the effect of meal component changes by the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA) on school lunch quality and consumption in elementary school students, grade 2-5 before and after the HHFKA guidelines were implemented in July 2012 using the Healthy Eating Index. Methods In Spring 2012, before implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs were taken of second to fifth graders' lunches in four HealthierUS School Challenge (HUSSC) participating elementary schools before and after the meals were consumed. In Spring 2013, after implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of lunches were again taken in the same schools before and after lunches were consumed. The photos were used to visually estimate the amounts of food items selected and consumed. Meals selected and consumed were scored using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). The HEI-2010 scores of the lunches in 2012 were compared to those in 2013. Results Results based upon 1,033 lunches (509 pre-HHFKA in Spring 2012 and 524 post-HHFKA in Spring 2013) revealed improved HEI-2010 scores (p< 0.05) for both served (52.2 pre-HHFKA to 57.0 post-HHFKA) and consumed meals (49.8 pre-HHFKA to 53.2 post-HHFKA). Noteworthy component scores that improved included Empty Calories (served) from 14.1 to 15.3 (maximum score 20); Total Fruit (served) from 2.3 to 3.7 (maximum score 5); Total Fruit (consumed) from 2.3 to 3.4 (maximum score 5); and Sodium (served) from 4.6 to 5.3 (maximum score 10). Application to Child Nutrition Professionals The current study indicates that menus offered by child nutrition professionals in four schools in Washington improved the nutritional quality of lunches served and consumed post-HHFKA implementation.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sep 1, 2018
Learning Outcome: To recognize the perceived value of the Advanced Practice Certification in Clin... more Learning Outcome: To recognize the perceived value of the Advanced Practice Certification in Clinical Nutrition (RDN-AP) of registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) who hold the credential and those who are potentially eligible. Objective: This study evaluated the perceived value of the RDN-AP credential among RDN-APs and RDNs potentially eligible to take the RDN-AP exam. Methods: A web-based survey including the Perceived Value of Certification Tool was emailed to 37 RDN-APs and 11,150 RDNs who were potentially eligible to take the RDN-AP exam. Likert scale responses were analyzed as total value score, intrinsic and extrinsic scores, and percent agreement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlations.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, May 1, 1995
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2006
LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the role of food preferences in the intake of the grains, fruits,... more LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the role of food preferences in the intake of the grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy and meat food groups by children of various ethnic groups, grades, and gender.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2004
Purpose/Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that scheduling recess b... more Purpose/Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that scheduling recess before and after the lunch period had on nutrient consumption and plate waste for students in Grades 3, 4, and 5. The study was conducted in two elementary schools in central Washington. Methods Plate waste data were collected for 20 days to determine the amount of food consumed and wasted. Nutrient intake was calculated using the following formula: Differences in nutrient intake and plate waste related to the scheduling of recess and lunch were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The results of the study show that when recess was scheduled before lunch students consumed significantly more food and nutrients than when recess was scheduled after lunch. Plate waste decreased from 40.7% to 27.2%. Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals Results from this study may be used to influence elementary school officials to schedule lunch after recess to improve school lunch co...
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2014
Purpose/Objectives This study compares the mean nutrients selected and consumed in National Schoo... more Purpose/Objectives This study compares the mean nutrients selected and consumed in National School Lunch Program (NSLP) meals before and after implementation of the new nutrition standards mandated by the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA) in July 2012. Four elementary schools achieving HealthierUS Schools Challenge awards serving second through fifth grade students were selected to participate. Methods In Spring 2012, before implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of NSLP lunches were taken of second to fifth graders’ lunches in four elementary schools before and after the meals were consumed. In Spring 2013, after implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of lunch were again taken in the same schools before and after lunches were consumed. The photos were used to visually estimate the amounts of food items on trays and determine nutritional content of meals selected and consumed. The nutrition content ...
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sep 1, 2018
Background: Children living within institutionalized care are at increased risk for malnutrition ... more Background: Children living within institutionalized care are at increased risk for malnutrition and developmental delays. Institutions receive limited or no training on nutrition and feeding best practices, which has negative impacts on child health. Method: An intra-disciplinary team conducted pilots in six countries at eleven sites. An assessment, training and a 6 month evaluation was completed at each orphanage. The Child Nutrition Program is Training of Trainers (ToT) approach that focuses on the specific needs of each orphanage with four days of classroom training and a one day hands-on practicum. The program includes access to tools, information and resources needed to successfully implement, sustain and scale the program. All levels of site staff including caregivers, leadership, cooks and nurses participate. The training topics include: nutrition basics, nutrition by age, hygiene, sanitation, growth tracking and monitoring, nutrition interventions for malnutrition and other common illnesses, feeding and positioning, food texture modification, and child development; it focuses on children 0-5 years of age and children with disabilities.
Journal of The American College of Nutrition, Dec 1, 1994
Our purpose was to determine the effect of 2 weeks of caffeine abstinence on calcium (Ca) and bon... more Our purpose was to determine the effect of 2 weeks of caffeine abstinence on calcium (Ca) and bone metabolism in women habitually consuming caffeine and either low or moderate amounts of Ca. Participants were 25 women, aged 39-76 years (mean 65 years, median 57 years) habitually consuming at least 200 mg caffeine daily. Three days of dietary records and 24-hour urine collections were made immediately prior to collection of fasting blood and 1-hour urine in a metabolic unit. Women were classified as low Ca consumers (414-584 mg daily) or moderate Ca consumers (662-1357 mg daily) based on 6 days of diet records. Women in the low Ca group had higher levels of serum ultrafiltrable Ca (UFCa) after caffeine abstinence (1.40 mmol/L CAF+ vs 1.52 mmol/L CAF-, p < 0.01), while there were no differences between experimental periods for UFCa in the moderate Ca group (1.35 mmol/L CAF+ vs 1.38 mmol/L CAF-, ns). Women in the low Ca group also had lower serum bone isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase levels after caffeine abstinence (9.3 U/L CAF+ vs 8.8 U/L CAF-, p < 0.05), while no significant changes were seen in bone alkaline phosphatase in the moderate Ca consumers (8.7 U/L CAF+ vs 8.9 U/L CAF-, ns). Fasting total serum Ca, urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine, and Ca/creatinine ratios were unchanged in both dietary groups. Three-day mean 24-hour urinary Ca excretion decreased after caffeine abstinence in the moderate Ca group only. There were no differences in dietary intakes of Ca from dairy products between CAF+ and CAF- in either the low or moderate Ca groups. Abstinence from moderate caffeine intake (mean 5.8 mg/kg lean body mass, 383 mg/day caffeine) raises ultrafiltrable Ca and decreases bone alkaline phosphatase in older women consuming < 600 mg Ca daily.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2010
It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that the schools and the community have a... more It is the position of the American Dietetic Association that the schools and the community have a shared responsibility to provide all students with access to high-quality foods and school-based nutrition services as an integral part of the total education program. Educational goals, including the nutrition goals of the National School Lunch Program and the School Breakfast Program, should be supported and extended through school district wellness policies that create overall school environments that promote access to healthful school meals and physical activity and provide learning experiences that enable students to develop lifelong healthful eating habits. The National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs are an important source of nutrients for school-age children, and especially for those of low-income status. The American Dietetic Association was actively involved in the 2004 reauthorization of these programs, ensuring access through continued funding, promoting nutrition education and physical activity to combat overweight and prevent chronic disease, and promoting local wellness policies. The standards established for school meal programs result in school meals that provide nutrients that meet dietary guidelines, but standards do not apply to foods and beverages served and sold outside of the school meal. Labeled as competitive foods by the US Department of Agriculture, there is a growing concern that standards should be applied to food in the entire school environment. Legislation has mandated that all school districts that participate in the US Department of Agriculture's Child Nutrition Program develop and
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2006
LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine whether variations exist between the volume of enteral feeding tha... more LEARNING OUTCOME: To determine whether variations exist between the volume of enteral feeding that is prescribed and the amount actually delivered to patients in the intensive care setting, and some of the reasons behind the discrepancies TEXT: Enteral nutrition support is designed to provide nutritional support to patients with inadequate oral consumption. Nutrition professionals develop recommendations based upon estimated nutritional needs for patients on the assumption that feedings will be provided at a continual rate for an established time period. Instead, enteral feedings are often discontinued for nursing measures, medical procedures, and feeding intolerances. In a review of enteral feeding recommendations provided to patients in the intensive care setting, the amount prescribed and the amount delivered were documented to determine whether such discrepancies exist in practice. Twenty-eight medical charts for patients aged eighteen years or older with a length of stay greater than seven days and who were enterally fed in the intensive care unit during 2004 and 2005, were audited to assess individual enteral feeding regimens. The amount delivered and recorded on nursing flow sheets was compared to the amount prescribed by dietitians. If the feeding was withheld, the progress notes were reviewed to determine the reason for the discontinuation. This study determined that the mean volume of enteral formula actually delivered to acute care patients was 63% of that prescribed, with feedings being withheld an average of 22% of the total time. For each additional day on tube feeding, there was a 0.87% increase in the amount delivered compared to the amount prescribed. This study revealed the need to closely monitor recognized enteral support procedures to ensure adequate nutritional support is provided to acute-care patients.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2001
The participant will be able to determine the effect that offering a la carte items on the school... more The participant will be able to determine the effect that offering a la carte items on the school menu had on selection of National School Lunch Program food components in a junior high school setting.
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Oct 1, 1990
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 2001
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Sep 1, 1997
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2003
Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 2003
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Nov 1, 1991
Health information science and systems, Feb 27, 2020
School lunch programs have been implemented as a method to facilitate better learning environment... more School lunch programs have been implemented as a method to facilitate better learning environments for children. These programs bring together the importance of adequate nutrition for academic performance, growth and development. This study served to assess the impact of the School Lunch Program in India and observe measures related to nutrition adequacy and stunting in school aged children in Chennai, India. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected among students of ages 7 to 10 in a privately funded (n = 64) and a publicly funded school (n = 28). Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis was assessed for private school students. BMI for Age Z-scores for the private school (0.05 ± 1.36) (mean ± standard deviation) and public school (− 0.91 ± 2.01) were significantly different (p = 0.008). Additionally, 32% of public school students exhibited mild stunting, classified as Z-scores less than − 1. Total calories consumed during the private school lunch was 269 ± 112 and 463 ± 234 for the publically funded school. Analysis of nutritional parameters of meals suggest that adequacy was otherwise fair during this singular analysis but does not provide evidence to correlate body composition and long term implications of malnutrition with this study population. Additional longitudinal analysis is required to better assess these implications.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2016
Purpose/Objectives The purposes of this study were to: 1) analyze beverage selections of elementa... more Purpose/Objectives The purposes of this study were to: 1) analyze beverage selections of elementary students consuming National School Lunch Program meals (NSLP) and lunches brought from home (LBFH), 2) compare overall meal quality (MQ) of NSLP and LBFH by food components using Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), and 3) investigate the impact of beverage selections on MQ. Methods Digital plate waste estimations were analyzed for 509 NSLP and 524 LBFH meals from 2 nd-5 th grade students in four elementary schools during the 2011-2012 academic year. Nutrient Data Software for Research (NDSR) was used to determine food groups and nutrients for calculations. Independent t-tests compared NSLP and LBFH meal components. Two one-way ANOVA tests compared HEI-2010 dietary component scores by the following beverage selections: 1% plain milk, non-fat flavored milk, 100% fruit juice, sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), or water/no beverage. Results NSLP (90% non-fat flavored or 1% plain milk) and LBFH (75% water/none or SSB) varied widely in beverages selected. LBFH provided significantly (p < 0.05) more Whole Grains (NSLP 2.8/5pts vs LBFH 4.7pts) and Seafood & Plant Proteins (NSLP 0.5/5pts vs LBFH 1.7pts) than NSLP. NLSP provided more Dairy (NSLP 9.3/10pts vs LBFH 4.7pts). NSLP scored higher in Total Protein, and reduced Empty Calories. Both meal origins indicated a need for improvement in Greens/Bean Vegetables and Seafood/Plant Proteins. Selection of 1% plain milk resulted in significantly higher HEI-2010 scores (NSLP served 55.7/100pts, consumed 53.9pts and LBFH, served 62.1, consumed 60.2). Applications for Child Nutrition Professionals Child nutrition professionals consistently provide nutritious beverages like 1% plain milk, nonfat flavored milk, and 100% juice in NSLP meals. A "milk only" line for children with LBFH may encourage milk consumption and improve HEI scores of LBFH. LBFH would benefit from elimination of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB). Increased nutrition education to teachers, staff, parents, and children on the effects of various beverages on dietary quality would be appropriate to further improve beverage selection and meal quality.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2016
Purpose/Objectives This study investigates the effect of meal component changes by the Healthy, H... more Purpose/Objectives This study investigates the effect of meal component changes by the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA) on school lunch quality and consumption in elementary school students, grade 2-5 before and after the HHFKA guidelines were implemented in July 2012 using the Healthy Eating Index. Methods In Spring 2012, before implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs were taken of second to fifth graders' lunches in four HealthierUS School Challenge (HUSSC) participating elementary schools before and after the meals were consumed. In Spring 2013, after implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of lunches were again taken in the same schools before and after lunches were consumed. The photos were used to visually estimate the amounts of food items selected and consumed. Meals selected and consumed were scored using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010). The HEI-2010 scores of the lunches in 2012 were compared to those in 2013. Results Results based upon 1,033 lunches (509 pre-HHFKA in Spring 2012 and 524 post-HHFKA in Spring 2013) revealed improved HEI-2010 scores (p< 0.05) for both served (52.2 pre-HHFKA to 57.0 post-HHFKA) and consumed meals (49.8 pre-HHFKA to 53.2 post-HHFKA). Noteworthy component scores that improved included Empty Calories (served) from 14.1 to 15.3 (maximum score 20); Total Fruit (served) from 2.3 to 3.7 (maximum score 5); Total Fruit (consumed) from 2.3 to 3.4 (maximum score 5); and Sodium (served) from 4.6 to 5.3 (maximum score 10). Application to Child Nutrition Professionals The current study indicates that menus offered by child nutrition professionals in four schools in Washington improved the nutritional quality of lunches served and consumed post-HHFKA implementation.
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sep 1, 2018
Learning Outcome: To recognize the perceived value of the Advanced Practice Certification in Clin... more Learning Outcome: To recognize the perceived value of the Advanced Practice Certification in Clinical Nutrition (RDN-AP) of registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) who hold the credential and those who are potentially eligible. Objective: This study evaluated the perceived value of the RDN-AP credential among RDN-APs and RDNs potentially eligible to take the RDN-AP exam. Methods: A web-based survey including the Perceived Value of Certification Tool was emailed to 37 RDN-APs and 11,150 RDNs who were potentially eligible to take the RDN-AP exam. Likert scale responses were analyzed as total value score, intrinsic and extrinsic scores, and percent agreement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlations.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, May 1, 1995
Journal of The American Dietetic Association, Aug 1, 2006
LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the role of food preferences in the intake of the grains, fruits,... more LEARNING OUTCOME: To understand the role of food preferences in the intake of the grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy and meat food groups by children of various ethnic groups, grades, and gender.
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2004
Purpose/Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that scheduling recess b... more Purpose/Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that scheduling recess before and after the lunch period had on nutrient consumption and plate waste for students in Grades 3, 4, and 5. The study was conducted in two elementary schools in central Washington. Methods Plate waste data were collected for 20 days to determine the amount of food consumed and wasted. Nutrient intake was calculated using the following formula: Differences in nutrient intake and plate waste related to the scheduling of recess and lunch were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results The results of the study show that when recess was scheduled before lunch students consumed significantly more food and nutrients than when recess was scheduled after lunch. Plate waste decreased from 40.7% to 27.2%. Applications to Child Nutrition Professionals Results from this study may be used to influence elementary school officials to schedule lunch after recess to improve school lunch co...
The Journal of Child Nutrition & Management, 2014
Purpose/Objectives This study compares the mean nutrients selected and consumed in National Schoo... more Purpose/Objectives This study compares the mean nutrients selected and consumed in National School Lunch Program (NSLP) meals before and after implementation of the new nutrition standards mandated by the Healthy Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (HHFKA) in July 2012. Four elementary schools achieving HealthierUS Schools Challenge awards serving second through fifth grade students were selected to participate. Methods In Spring 2012, before implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of NSLP lunches were taken of second to fifth graders’ lunches in four elementary schools before and after the meals were consumed. In Spring 2013, after implementation of meal standards mandated by the HHFKA, digital photographs of lunch were again taken in the same schools before and after lunches were consumed. The photos were used to visually estimate the amounts of food items on trays and determine nutritional content of meals selected and consumed. The nutrition content ...