Eugenia Aumond Kuhn - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Eugenia Aumond Kuhn

Oculum Ensaios, Jun 18, 2024

Observatorio de la economía latinoamericana, Jun 12, 2024

Ambiente & Sociedade, Dec 31, 2022

Ambiente & Sociedade

The growing interest in urban agriculture (UA) over the past decades is followed by increase in r... more The growing interest in urban agriculture (UA) over the past decades is followed by increase in regulations. Yet, there has been no systematic documentation and featuring of several UA laws that have emerged in Brazil, or of their association with urban planning. We developed a framework to understand the profile of federal and state UA laws in order to shine light on this gap in the literature. Therefore, we cataloged and analyzed the laws we have found. Based on the results, there is still no coordinated national policy to it. We also found that these laws cover several production practices under UA’s wide umbrella. They only vaguely mention their interfaces with urban-policy legal frameworks, and they do not clearly address territorial challenges to UA implementation.

Campo - Território, Aug 17, 2023

O fenômeno da agricultura urbana ainda não é plenamente compreendido, entre outras razões, devido... more O fenômeno da agricultura urbana ainda não é plenamente compreendido, entre outras razões, devido à variedade de formas com que se apresenta. Frente a essa lacuna, o presente artigo busca mapear e caracterizar as iniciativas de Agricultura Urbana e Periurbana (AUP) existentes em Porto Alegre, capital do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em três etapas: a) levantamento das iniciativas; b) classificação das iniciativas por tipologia, dimensão e situação; c) espacialização das iniciativas por bairros e zonas do Plano Diretor do município. Como resultados, identificou-se 82 iniciativas de AUP, dentre as quais predominam as de caráter educacional e de saúde (tipologias) e aquelas com objetivos sociais e ecológicos (dimensões). Desse total, metade encontrava-se ativa no momento do levantamento e, as demais, inativas ou encerradas (situação). Conclui-se que há fragilidades na estrutura dessas iniciativas, e que as mais periféricas e localizadas em áreas menos densas foram as mais impactadas com a pandemia covid.

Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente, 2001

El trabajo presenta un colector solar de bajo costo para ser usado en las viviendas de interés so... more El trabajo presenta un colector solar de bajo costo para ser usado en las viviendas de interés social de la latitud-30, con cielo de nubosidad 0,5 (en la escala de 0 a 1), caso de Porto Alegre, R. S., Brasil. El objetivo principal es sustituir la ducha eléctrica, usada por mas del 70% de la población y responsable por gran parte del consumo pico de energía eléctrica de la población. El costo del colector desarrollado es menor de US$ 50,00 y su durabilidad estimada es de 5 años. Un prototipo está en funcionamiento desde hace un año, presentando buenos resultados.

Dr. Ing. Juan Luis Mascaro; Dr. Arq. Lucia Mascaro, Eugenia A. Kuhn, becaria PROPESQ; Luise Marti... more Dr. Ing. Juan Luis Mascaro; Dr. Arq. Lucia Mascaro, Eugenia A. Kuhn, becaria PROPESQ; Luise Martins, becaria FAPERGS Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Arquitetura Rua Sarmento Leite 320 CEP 90070-150 Porto Alegre RS Brasil e-mail: mascaroJuan@conex.com.br lear@conex.com.br mascaro@vortex.ufrgs.br Tel: 00 55 51 3316 3105 Fax: 00 55 51 3316 3485 Telefax: 00 55 51 3249 1965 (res.)

Estudos relacionados ao consumo de recursos e à emissão de resíduos na escala territorial local s... more Estudos relacionados ao consumo de recursos e à emissão de resíduos na escala territorial local se originaram nas pioneiras pesquisas associadas ao conceito de metabolismo urbano. Nos últimos 15 anos, observa-se um crescimento do número de estudos aplicados a cidades, municípios ou regiões metropolitanas. A Análise dos Fluxos de Materiais - AFM (Material Flow Analysis) vem se consolidando como a abordagem metodológica predominante para esse tipo de investigação, a qual objetiva prover informações sobre fluxos de materiais e de energia, usualmente em unidades de massa, entrando e deixando uma sociedade. No entanto, todos os casos estudados na literatura prévia correspondem a capitais nacionais ou a municípios com centralidade econômica e de gestão do território na região as quais pertencem. Adicionalmente, não há estudos desenvolvidos no Brasil. Em face dessas lacunas, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é a caracterização dos fluxos de materiais associados ao metabolismo de um munic...

O setor da construção civil provoca impactos significativos sobre o meio-ambiente. No Brasil, pro... more O setor da construção civil provoca impactos significativos sobre o meio-ambiente. No Brasil, problemas econômicos e sociais tendem a agravar essa situação. Nesse sentido, as carências habitacionais são provavelmente um dos maiores desafios do setor, pois a construção e fornecimento dessas moradias, além de refletir em diferentes impactos no meio ambiente, na saúde e no conforto de seus usuários, usualmente, também apresentam significativas restrições financeiras. Buscando alternativas para esses problemas, o grupo de sustentabilidade do Núcleo Orientado para a Inovação da Edificação (NORIE) vem desenvolvendo estudos de aprimoramento e de avaliação de uma habitação de interesse social concebida e construída segundo diretrizes para edificações sustentáveis: o Protótipo Alvorada. O objetivo deste trabalho, em continuidade, é a avaliação ambiental dos subsistemas implantados e dos materiais empregados na habitação. Complementarmente, também é feita a identificação dos custos desses mat...

Sustainability, Apr 9, 2020

Territorial problems such as the socio-ecological degradation of urban rivers represent a great c... more Territorial problems such as the socio-ecological degradation of urban rivers represent a great challenge to achieving sustainability in cities. This issue demands collaborative efforts and the crossing of boundaries determined by actors that act from diverse spheres of knowledge and systems of practice. Based on an integrative territory notion and the boundary approach, the goal of this paper is to comprehend the boundary crossings that take place in multi-actor initiatives towards the resolution of this problem and what type of territorial transformation is produced as an outcome. Our analysis is built on participatory research on the Taquara Stream case, a degraded watercourse in a socio-ecologically vulnerable area, in southern Brazil. Our data analysis applied a visual chronological narrative and an interdisciplinary theoretical framework of analysis that combined concepts related to the territory (geography) and the boundary approach (education). We verified that local territorial issues functioned as boundary objects, fostering and facilitating dialogical interaction among involved actors, knowledge co-production, and collaborative practical actions that led to changes in the territory in terms of practices, comprehensions, and physical concrete transformations. We framed this study as one of territory-based learning meant to advance the understanding of territorial intervention processes towards urban sustainability.

Considerable environmental impacts are involved in the construction industry. In developing count... more Considerable environmental impacts are involved in the construction industry. In developing countries, those problems tend to be bigger due to the lack of housing and urban infrastructure, which demand a huge amount of natural resources, both materials and energy. This paper is part of a larger research study developed by NORIE (sector of the Civil Engineering PostGraduate Programme dealing with Construction at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Su). NORIE developed the architectural design and built a prototype, which was intended to be a more sustainable low-income house climatically adapted to the south of Brazil climate, the Alvorada Prototype. With the present paper, the aim was to further develop the above mentioned research, through the environmental and economical assessment (evaluating the costs involved) of the Alvorada Prototype subsystems and materials. A methodology that includes environmental assessment criteria, selected through literature research, was developed. The environmental gains were compared to the costs and each subsystem was weighted against the others. The research allowed identifying the environmental benefits and disadvantages of the adopted solutions in the design and construction phases. Concerning the costs, they were considered high when compared to those of most commonly built low-cost houses in Brazil. However, it is necessary to consider that it is a prototype and, as a prototype, its costs are higher than those of already consolidated solutions or of the ones built in large scale.

Revista Thésis, Dec 11, 2017

The concept of urban ecology is linked to the concept of urban metabolism that tries to estimate ... more The concept of urban ecology is linked to the concept of urban metabolism that tries to estimate the interference of urban systems in the stability of flows of materials and energy historically established in the biosphere. Both concepts originated in the mid-twentieth century and spread internationally. A literature review on more than 20 scientific articles, written over the past decade identified the metabolic approach being applied to cities, municipalities and metropolitan areas. The growing number of research is due to the consolidation of international action plans for sustainable development. It was also identified that most of the researches were developed in the European context, where a standard method begins to be established. The absence of such type of studies in Latin America fomented the doctoral dissertation of the first author of this article, in which the first characterization of material flows associated to the metabolism of a Brazilian municipality was carried out (municipality of Feliz, State of Rio Grande do Sul). An extensive search led to data identification and collection, as well as to the development of specific methodological procedures for their treatment. From the results obtained and methodological procedures developed, this article aims to discuss potential contributions of the urban metabolism concept and approach to the assessment of the costs of environmental decisions in Brazilian settings. Contributions are made by: a) an analysis of the relationship between urban ecology, urban metabolism and assessment of environmental costs; b) the identification of the decision-making activities whose results it could support; c) the analyses of the possibilities and limitations to characterizing the metabolism of Brazilian cities and d) a discussion on future developments in this area of research.

Considerable environmental impacts are caused by the building sector. Among them are those relate... more Considerable environmental impacts are caused by the building sector. Among them are those related to the high energy consumption due to the production of buildings and its materials. Hence, energy conservation is one of the main strategies to reduce environmental impacts, thus achieving more sustainable buildings. This paper attempts to characterize the embodied energy of different low impact building solutions traditionally employed in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (south Brazil) thus contributing to the decision making design process for local buildings. The research used a Centre for Regenerative Studies and Sustainability as an object of study. The methodology applied has used the calculation of the embodied energy for processes of extraction/ manufacture and transportation of the selected solutions (sandstone, basalt stone, eucalyptus wood logs, clay ceramic bricks and enxaimel). The results demonstrated that the embodied energy of the compared alternatives showed a wide vari...

As of the international discussion about sustainable development, it's possible to observe in... more As of the international discussion about sustainable development, it's possible to observe increasing responsibility transference to local governments, on targets and environmental challenge in global order. Besides, a demand for methods and tools has emerged which provides environmental sustainability measurement in local level and facilitate the understanding of relationships between local actions and environment. To meet this demand, in the past years, it is possible to observe the emergence of initiatives for the development of methods and tools for environmental evaluation at territorial local scale. These initiatives stem from different contexts and they are based in different priorities, concepts and methodological procedures. It is also observed that there are still few academic papers with reflexive efforts about those initiatives. From this overview, the present study aims to analyze a sample of existing methods for environmental sustainability evaluation at the territ...

Intrinsecamente associado ao conceito de ecologia urbana esta o de metabolismo urbano, o qual da ... more Intrinsecamente associado ao conceito de ecologia urbana esta o de metabolismo urbano, o qual da origem a pesquisas com o intuito de estimar a interferencia dos sistemas urbanos na estabilidade dos fluxos de materiais e energia da biosfera. Ambos os conceitos, originados em meados do seculo XX, difundiram-se internacionalmente. A partir da revisao bibliografica em bases de artigos cientificos identificaram-se mais de 20 estudos, conduzidos na ultima decada, aplicando a abordagem de metabolismo a municipios e regioes metropolitanas reais. O crescente numero de pesquisas se deve a consolidacao de planos de acao internacionais para o desenvolvimento sustentavel. Apesar da profusao de pesquisas recentes, a maior parte das iniciativas e desenvolvida no contexto europeu, contando, inclusive, com um metodo padrao a orienta-las. A lacuna de estudos de cidades latino-americanas fomentou a tese de doutorado da primeira autora deste artigo, na qual se realizou a primeira caracterizacao dos flu...

This paper describes part of a larger study, developed by NORIE, that deals with the urban and ar... more This paper describes part of a larger study, developed by NORIE, that deals with the urban and architectural design, construction and post occupancy assessment of CETHS – Experimental Center of Sustainable Housing Technologies, started in 1999. This is a housing settlement located in the city of Nova Hartz/RS, where eight one-floor single-family low-cost houses have been occupied. After a first post occupancy evaluation, made in 2003, CETHS was submitted to a second post occupancy evaluation, in March 2005, on several features included in the design stage, such as: local food growth, income generation, environmental comfort, building functionality, spaces appropriation, among others. These studies intended to evaluate the efficacy of the sustainability strategies included in the design stage, by verifying the residents’ satisfaction after three years occupancy and its comparison with the previous assessment. The tools used in the survey were interviews and questionnaires carried out...

International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development

The history of cities is deeply related to history of food production, as the surplus production ... more The history of cities is deeply related to history of food production, as the surplus production of the fields was a requirement for the city's emergence (Agudelo-Vera et al. 2011). It also can be said that the relationship between food production and cities have been in a continuous change along the centuries and that both developments determine significant pressure on the environment. With the growth of urban population, its demand also grew, in such a way that the different societies started to create complex social and infrastructure systems to provide resources and services for these high density populated areas (Lee, 2006 apud Agudelo-Vera et al. 2011). Initially, a significant proportion of the demanded resources was extracted from the cities' surroundings, that became dependent of food supply from the surrounding rural areas, as well as from other resources, such as fibers, oil and