Eugenia Mandal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Eugenia Mandal
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Polish Psychological Bulletin
In an experimental study of 122 Polish girls at an early (12-years-old) and late (18-years-old) a... more In an experimental study of 122 Polish girls at an early (12-years-old) and late (18-years-old) adolescence, the influence of reading youth magazines on mood and self-image was analysed. Self-image was studied from the perspective of three social roles: schoolgirl (intellectual competence), classmate (interpersonal competences), and girl (physical attractiveness). For the girls in the early adolescence period, the most frequent effect of reading youth magazines proved to be mood improvement (55.6%), whereas for the girls in the late adolescence period mood lowering was more prevalent (33.3%). An ANOVA performed in the arrangement: self-esteem (schoolgirl, classmate, girl) x group (experimental, control) x mood (worse, usual, better) and the multiple regression analysis revealed a strong main effect of mood on self-image, which increased in the role of schoolgirl and girl in the younger girls. Whereas in the group of older girls strong main effects of the experimental group (reading ...
Polish Psychological Bulletin
The paper presents the results of research of fear of success in Polish students. The subjects we... more The paper presents the results of research of fear of success in Polish students. The subjects were 208 university students of psychology, pedagogy, political science and physical education at the School of Physical Education. The projective method by was used. The analysed variables were: sex, study major, average marks, locus of control, Machiavellianism, masculinity and femininity. Fear of success was observed in more than half of the investigated students -more frequently in men (62%) than in women (48%). In men the fear of success occurred more frequently and intensely. In the multiple regression analyses showed that sex (male) and Machiavellianism are predictors of the fear of success. The fear of success occurred the least frequently in the students of physical education.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Polish Psychological Bulletin, 2000
The article attempts to describe adonization, a specific tactic for exerting influence which empl... more The article attempts to describe adonization, a specific tactic for exerting influence which employs physical attraction, as well as its determinants. The article presents a proprietary model of determinants and motivational mechanisms which constitute the basis of the attitude toward adonization. A cycle of 3 studies on individual determinants for the attitude toward adonization was described. Results of study 1 (50 women and 50 men) confirmed that male gender, psychological masculinity, narcissism, Machiavellianism and high self-monitoring were correlates of a positive attitude toward adonization. Study 2 (36 women and 36 men) showed that extraversion was the predictor of a positive attitude toward adonization of men and women and that agreeableness was the predictor of a less positive attitude of women. In Study 3 (91 women and 88 men aged 18-63) it was established that there were no differences in the attitude toward adonization in young and middle-aged men. Comparison among young and middle-aged women proved that younger women had a more positive attitude toward adonization in the cognitive and in the affective components than older women.
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2015
ABSTRACT Chowanna 1(28), s. 79-93
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Psychiatria polska
Aim. The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with s... more Aim. The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicide attempts: psychological femininity and masculinity, self-appeal, attachment styles, self-presentation strategies and coping styles. Method. A group of 35 adult women who attempted suicide and the control group (35 women) were submitted to a research. The following measures were used: Inventory of Gender Identity (IPP), Strategies of Self-presentation Questionnaire (KSA), Attachment Style Test, Sense of Self-Appeal Scale (SPWA), Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations (CISS). Results. Female suicide-attempters had a lower index of psychological masculinity and a lower sense of self-appeal than women in the control group. They were characterised by an avoidant attachment style, used a strategy of self-depreciation in self-presentation and an emotion-oriented style of coping. The predictors of risk of suicide behaviours that mainly showed: avoidant-attachment style and strategy of s...
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Aim. The aim of the article is to present results of the qualitative research about the risk of s... more Aim. The aim of the article is to present results of the qualitative research about the risk of suicide attempts accomplished by women who were undergoing psychiatric treatment. The research focused on traumatic childhood experiences, close relationships, and traumatic life events in adulthood. There were emotional states during the time of suicide attempt and methods of suicide acts described too. Methods. A group of 35 adult women were submitted to the research. These were women who were undergoing psychiatric treatment and had undertaken a suicide attempt. The following measures were used in the study: (1) Psychological interview including questions regarding three groups of issues: childhood traumatic events, difficult experiences in adult life, and emotional states and methods of undertaking suicide attempts. (2) Attachment style test, method developed by Shaver, Hazan, Bradshaw (1987). results. The study revealed that women, who attempted suicide, experienced mainly violence and abuse in their childhood, loss of close romantic relationships and partners' violence in adulthood. These women felt social rejection at the time of attempting suicide, and they mainly tried to overdose medicines to commit suicide acts. Conclusion. Women from the study group were characterized by avoidant attachment style and had variety of traumatic and harmful experiences during their lifetime. These features may have influenced the wish of autodestruction among the examined women and established undertaking suicide attempts by them as non-verbal calling for help.
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Aim. The aim of the study was a relation between the borderline personality disorder and psycholo... more Aim. The aim of the study was a relation between the borderline personality disorder and psychological gender, and tendency to use various manipulation tactics in everyday life and therapeutic context. Methods. The study used the Psychological Gender Inventory (A. Kuczyńska, 1992), and self-developed questionnaire for evaluating the tendency to use manipulation tactics and a survey evaluating manipulation in therapeutic contact. The studied group included: 30 patients with diagnosed BPD, 30 people a control group and 125 therapists. Results. The study of psychological gender showed that in the patient group the level of masculinity was significantly lower. Results showed that 88% of the therapists participating in the study confirmed that they have experienced manipulation attempts from patients. The therapists assessed the tendency of patients to use manipulation tactics as greater than it was declared by the patients themselves. When compared to the control group, the patients ind...
![Research paper thumbnail of [The Machiavellianism and manipulation tactics used by patients with borderline personality disorder in everyday life and in therapy]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43423197/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Psychiatria polska
The aim of the researches was to inspect the relation between borderline personality and Machiave... more The aim of the researches was to inspect the relation between borderline personality and Machiavellianism as well as the tendency to apply various manipulation tactics in everyday life and in therapy. The test used an original/authors' survey for testing the tendency to employ manipulation tactics as well as a MACH-IV questionnaire (Christie, Geis, 1970) for measuring Machiavellianism. The studied group included 30 patients with diagnosed BPD, 37 therapists and 30 persons in the control group. No differences were noted in the general indicator of Machiavellianism; however, the patients scored lower on the Tactics scale than people from the control group. Patients preferred employing the tactics of taking offense, lying and begging in everyday life. Compared to people from the control group, patients presented a larger tendency to employ tactics of begging, threatening and threatening to break off a close relationship, and a lower tendency to employ seduction. According to therap...
![Research paper thumbnail of [Attachment styles, childhood and adult traumatic experiences, mental states and methods of suicide attempts among psychiatrically treated women]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43423191/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Psychiatria polska
The purpose of this study was to explore any particular personality traits and psychosocial condi... more The purpose of this study was to explore any particular personality traits and psychosocial conditions of suicidal attempts among women, especially their adult attachment styles, harmful social experiences in childhood, adult live events and mental states directly leading to suicidal effort and methods of suicide. A group of 35 psychiatrically treated women who attempted suicide were submitted to the study. The following measures were used: Attachment Style Test, structured psychological interview. Women, who attempted suicide mainly described their attachment style as avoidant; the types of problems they reported as being significant were: experiences of violence in their childhood, loss of members of their families, suicide of their relatives in their adulthood, being the victims of marital violence; those women mainly felt social rejection and overdosed medications when trying to commit suicide. Parasuicides were characterised by avoidant attachment style and had a variety of tra...
![Research paper thumbnail of [Psychological femininity and masculinity, self-appeal, attachment styles, coping styles and strategies of self-presentation among women with suicide attempts]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43423194/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Psychiatria polska
The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicid... more The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicide attempts: psychological femininity and masculinity, self-appeal, attachment styles, self-presentation strategies and coping styles. A group of 35 adult women who attempted suicide and the control group (35 women) were submitted to a research. The following measures were used: Inventory of Gender Identity (IPP), Strategies of Self-presentation Questionnaire (KSA), Attachment Style Test, Sense of Self-Appeal Scale (SPWA), Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations (CISS). Female suicide-attempters had a lower index of psychological masculinity and a lower sense of self-appeal than women in the control group. They were characterised by an avoidant attachment style, used a strategy of self-depreciation in self-presentation and an emotion-oriented style of coping. The predictors of risk of suicide behaviours that mainly showed: avoidant-attachment style and strategy of self-depreciation in se...
![Research paper thumbnail of [The level of anxiety and locus of control in women deciding to start a weight loss programme]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43399376/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Psychiatria polska
Characteristic for an individual and a relatively constant level of anxiety and internal or exter... more Characteristic for an individual and a relatively constant level of anxiety and internal or external locus of control are personality dimensions that influence the biopsychosocial functioning of an individual and are reflected in his experience and behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the level of anxiety in women deciding to start a weight loss programme and to find the relationship between the locus of control and the intensity of this anxiety. Sixty seven women participating in a group-based, interdisciplinary educational weight loss programme were examined using the Locus of Control Questionnaire (Drwal) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, Strelau, Tysarczyk & Wrześniewski). The average age of the subjects was 42.88 +/- 10.96 and the average body mass index was 35.98 +/- 5.66. The level of Anxiety as a State averaged at 5 +/- 2, the level of Anxiety as a Trait averaged at 5 +/- 1.55 and the result in the Locus of Control Questionnaire averaged 7 +/...
Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 2014
background In this paper, the problem of the lack of stability of intimate female-male relationsh... more background In this paper, the problem of the lack of stability of intimate female-male relationships, the intensity of which is currently increasing, is presented. Attention is focused on early-childhood attachment styles and anxiety in rejecters in intimate relationships.
Chowanna, 2007
ABSTRACT Chowanna 1(28), s. 79-93
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Polish Psychological Bulletin
In an experimental study of 122 Polish girls at an early (12-years-old) and late (18-years-old) a... more In an experimental study of 122 Polish girls at an early (12-years-old) and late (18-years-old) adolescence, the influence of reading youth magazines on mood and self-image was analysed. Self-image was studied from the perspective of three social roles: schoolgirl (intellectual competence), classmate (interpersonal competences), and girl (physical attractiveness). For the girls in the early adolescence period, the most frequent effect of reading youth magazines proved to be mood improvement (55.6%), whereas for the girls in the late adolescence period mood lowering was more prevalent (33.3%). An ANOVA performed in the arrangement: self-esteem (schoolgirl, classmate, girl) x group (experimental, control) x mood (worse, usual, better) and the multiple regression analysis revealed a strong main effect of mood on self-image, which increased in the role of schoolgirl and girl in the younger girls. Whereas in the group of older girls strong main effects of the experimental group (reading ...
Polish Psychological Bulletin
The paper presents the results of research of fear of success in Polish students. The subjects we... more The paper presents the results of research of fear of success in Polish students. The subjects were 208 university students of psychology, pedagogy, political science and physical education at the School of Physical Education. The projective method by was used. The analysed variables were: sex, study major, average marks, locus of control, Machiavellianism, masculinity and femininity. Fear of success was observed in more than half of the investigated students -more frequently in men (62%) than in women (48%). In men the fear of success occurred more frequently and intensely. In the multiple regression analyses showed that sex (male) and Machiavellianism are predictors of the fear of success. The fear of success occurred the least frequently in the students of physical education.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Polish Psychological Bulletin, 2000
The article attempts to describe adonization, a specific tactic for exerting influence which empl... more The article attempts to describe adonization, a specific tactic for exerting influence which employs physical attraction, as well as its determinants. The article presents a proprietary model of determinants and motivational mechanisms which constitute the basis of the attitude toward adonization. A cycle of 3 studies on individual determinants for the attitude toward adonization was described. Results of study 1 (50 women and 50 men) confirmed that male gender, psychological masculinity, narcissism, Machiavellianism and high self-monitoring were correlates of a positive attitude toward adonization. Study 2 (36 women and 36 men) showed that extraversion was the predictor of a positive attitude toward adonization of men and women and that agreeableness was the predictor of a less positive attitude of women. In Study 3 (91 women and 88 men aged 18-63) it was established that there were no differences in the attitude toward adonization in young and middle-aged men. Comparison among young and middle-aged women proved that younger women had a more positive attitude toward adonization in the cognitive and in the affective components than older women.
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 2015
ABSTRACT Chowanna 1(28), s. 79-93
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Psychiatria polska
Aim. The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with s... more Aim. The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicide attempts: psychological femininity and masculinity, self-appeal, attachment styles, self-presentation strategies and coping styles. Method. A group of 35 adult women who attempted suicide and the control group (35 women) were submitted to a research. The following measures were used: Inventory of Gender Identity (IPP), Strategies of Self-presentation Questionnaire (KSA), Attachment Style Test, Sense of Self-Appeal Scale (SPWA), Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations (CISS). Results. Female suicide-attempters had a lower index of psychological masculinity and a lower sense of self-appeal than women in the control group. They were characterised by an avoidant attachment style, used a strategy of self-depreciation in self-presentation and an emotion-oriented style of coping. The predictors of risk of suicide behaviours that mainly showed: avoidant-attachment style and strategy of s...
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Aim. The aim of the article is to present results of the qualitative research about the risk of s... more Aim. The aim of the article is to present results of the qualitative research about the risk of suicide attempts accomplished by women who were undergoing psychiatric treatment. The research focused on traumatic childhood experiences, close relationships, and traumatic life events in adulthood. There were emotional states during the time of suicide attempt and methods of suicide acts described too. Methods. A group of 35 adult women were submitted to the research. These were women who were undergoing psychiatric treatment and had undertaken a suicide attempt. The following measures were used in the study: (1) Psychological interview including questions regarding three groups of issues: childhood traumatic events, difficult experiences in adult life, and emotional states and methods of undertaking suicide attempts. (2) Attachment style test, method developed by Shaver, Hazan, Bradshaw (1987). results. The study revealed that women, who attempted suicide, experienced mainly violence and abuse in their childhood, loss of close romantic relationships and partners' violence in adulthood. These women felt social rejection at the time of attempting suicide, and they mainly tried to overdose medicines to commit suicide acts. Conclusion. Women from the study group were characterized by avoidant attachment style and had variety of traumatic and harmful experiences during their lifetime. These features may have influenced the wish of autodestruction among the examined women and established undertaking suicide attempts by them as non-verbal calling for help.
Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
Aim. The aim of the study was a relation between the borderline personality disorder and psycholo... more Aim. The aim of the study was a relation between the borderline personality disorder and psychological gender, and tendency to use various manipulation tactics in everyday life and therapeutic context. Methods. The study used the Psychological Gender Inventory (A. Kuczyńska, 1992), and self-developed questionnaire for evaluating the tendency to use manipulation tactics and a survey evaluating manipulation in therapeutic contact. The studied group included: 30 patients with diagnosed BPD, 30 people a control group and 125 therapists. Results. The study of psychological gender showed that in the patient group the level of masculinity was significantly lower. Results showed that 88% of the therapists participating in the study confirmed that they have experienced manipulation attempts from patients. The therapists assessed the tendency of patients to use manipulation tactics as greater than it was declared by the patients themselves. When compared to the control group, the patients ind...
Psychiatria polska
The aim of the researches was to inspect the relation between borderline personality and Machiave... more The aim of the researches was to inspect the relation between borderline personality and Machiavellianism as well as the tendency to apply various manipulation tactics in everyday life and in therapy. The test used an original/authors' survey for testing the tendency to employ manipulation tactics as well as a MACH-IV questionnaire (Christie, Geis, 1970) for measuring Machiavellianism. The studied group included 30 patients with diagnosed BPD, 37 therapists and 30 persons in the control group. No differences were noted in the general indicator of Machiavellianism; however, the patients scored lower on the Tactics scale than people from the control group. Patients preferred employing the tactics of taking offense, lying and begging in everyday life. Compared to people from the control group, patients presented a larger tendency to employ tactics of begging, threatening and threatening to break off a close relationship, and a lower tendency to employ seduction. According to therap...
Psychiatria polska
The purpose of this study was to explore any particular personality traits and psychosocial condi... more The purpose of this study was to explore any particular personality traits and psychosocial conditions of suicidal attempts among women, especially their adult attachment styles, harmful social experiences in childhood, adult live events and mental states directly leading to suicidal effort and methods of suicide. A group of 35 psychiatrically treated women who attempted suicide were submitted to the study. The following measures were used: Attachment Style Test, structured psychological interview. Women, who attempted suicide mainly described their attachment style as avoidant; the types of problems they reported as being significant were: experiences of violence in their childhood, loss of members of their families, suicide of their relatives in their adulthood, being the victims of marital violence; those women mainly felt social rejection and overdosed medications when trying to commit suicide. Parasuicides were characterised by avoidant attachment style and had a variety of tra...
Psychiatria polska
The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicid... more The aim of this study was to diagnose particular personality characteristics of women with suicide attempts: psychological femininity and masculinity, self-appeal, attachment styles, self-presentation strategies and coping styles. A group of 35 adult women who attempted suicide and the control group (35 women) were submitted to a research. The following measures were used: Inventory of Gender Identity (IPP), Strategies of Self-presentation Questionnaire (KSA), Attachment Style Test, Sense of Self-Appeal Scale (SPWA), Coping Inventory of Stressful Situations (CISS). Female suicide-attempters had a lower index of psychological masculinity and a lower sense of self-appeal than women in the control group. They were characterised by an avoidant attachment style, used a strategy of self-depreciation in self-presentation and an emotion-oriented style of coping. The predictors of risk of suicide behaviours that mainly showed: avoidant-attachment style and strategy of self-depreciation in se...
Psychiatria polska
Characteristic for an individual and a relatively constant level of anxiety and internal or exter... more Characteristic for an individual and a relatively constant level of anxiety and internal or external locus of control are personality dimensions that influence the biopsychosocial functioning of an individual and are reflected in his experience and behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the level of anxiety in women deciding to start a weight loss programme and to find the relationship between the locus of control and the intensity of this anxiety. Sixty seven women participating in a group-based, interdisciplinary educational weight loss programme were examined using the Locus of Control Questionnaire (Drwal) and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, Strelau, Tysarczyk & Wrześniewski). The average age of the subjects was 42.88 +/- 10.96 and the average body mass index was 35.98 +/- 5.66. The level of Anxiety as a State averaged at 5 +/- 2, the level of Anxiety as a Trait averaged at 5 +/- 1.55 and the result in the Locus of Control Questionnaire averaged 7 +/...
Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 2014
background In this paper, the problem of the lack of stability of intimate female-male relationsh... more background In this paper, the problem of the lack of stability of intimate female-male relationships, the intensity of which is currently increasing, is presented. Attention is focused on early-childhood attachment styles and anxiety in rejecters in intimate relationships.
Chowanna, 2007
ABSTRACT Chowanna 1(28), s. 79-93