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Papers by Francesco Lufrano

Research paper thumbnail of Graphitic carbon nitride/zinc oxide composite electrodes for all-solid-state photo-supercapacitor with ion exchange membrane separator

Journal of Energy Storage

Research paper thumbnail of Highly Reliable Asymmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors with Low Self-Discharge Rates

Research paper thumbnail of Nanoarchitectonics of high-performance supercapacitors based on mesoporous carbon and MnO2 electrodes using Aquivion electrolyte membrane

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

Research paper thumbnail of Solid-state carbon-based textile supercapacitors for energy storage applications

This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Progra... more This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136. A. J. Paleo acknowledges the support of COST Action CA15107- Multi-Functional Nano-Carbon Composite Materials Network (MultiComp) by means of a short term scientific mission (STSM).

Research paper thumbnail of MembranesSilica - Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite Electrochemical Behavior of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Based

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and MnO₂ materials on carbon nanofibers cotton textile substrate for hybrid solid-state supercapacitors

This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Progra... more This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology (project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136). A. J. Paleo acknowledges the European COST Action CA15107- Multi-Functional Nano-Carbon Composite Materials Network (MultiComp) that conceded a Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM) at CNR-ITAE of Messina.

Research paper thumbnail of ISEECap2013, 3-7 June 2013, Taormina, Italy: book of abstracts

Research paper thumbnail of Long term durability of solid-state supercapacitor based on reduced graphene oxide aerogel and carbon nanotubes composite electrodes

Electrochimica Acta, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Energy storage of supercapacitor electrodes on carbon cloth enhanced by graphene oxide aerogel reducing conditions

Journal of Energy Storage, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Lifetime assessment of solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on cotton fabric electrodes

Journal of Power Sources, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Virtual special issue on the “HYdrogen POwer - THeoretical and Engineering Solutions – International Symposium (Hypothesis XII)”

Research paper thumbnail of Supercapacitors based on AC/MnO2 deposited onto dip-coated carbon nanofiber cotton fabric electrodes

Energy Storage Materials, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Cost Analysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Stacks for Mass Production

Research paper thumbnail of Nafion® and Fumapem® polymer electrolytes for the development of advanced solid-state supercapacitors

Electrochimica Acta, 2016

Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes can be suitable materials for the development of more compact... more Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes can be suitable materials for the development of more compact, flexible and safer solid-state supercapacitors. For this reason we have assembled supercapacitors with two different solid polymer electrolytes and studied their features. The two electrolytes were both perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA); and specifically Nafion® 115 was purchased by DuPont™ and Fumapem® F-950 was kindly received by FuMA-Tech GmbH (Germany). Both electrolytes were available and used both as self-standing membranes and as ionomer dispersion. The electrolyte membranes, e.g. Nafion® 115 and Fumapem® F-950, were used as solid electrolyte membranes between the electrodes of supercapacitors and, 5 wt% Nafion (Aldrich Chemistry) and Fumion solution (FuMA-Tech) were used in the preparation of the electrodes. The electrodes and the polymer electrolyte membranes were assembled to realize four different supercapacitors, which were electrochemical characterized to determine their respective specific capacitances, resistances, specific energies and power densities. The results of the cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, evidenced the superior performance of supercapacitor based on Nafion electrolyte membrane and Nafion/carbon electrodes in terms of specific capacitance and electrical series resistance. In fact, specific capacitance of 123 F g −1 and resistance of 0.31 Ω cm 2 were exhibited from this supercapacitor while the respective results for the best other SC assemblies were 96 F g −1 and 0.57 Ω cm 2 .

Research paper thumbnail of Selectivity of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membranes

Membranes, Jan 24, 2015

Sulfonic acid-functionalized polymer electrolyte membranes alternative to Nafion(®) were develope... more Sulfonic acid-functionalized polymer electrolyte membranes alternative to Nafion(®) were developed. These were hydrocarbon systems, such as blend sulfonated polyetheretherketone (s-PEEK), new generation perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) systems, and composite zirconium phosphate-PFSA polymers. The membranes varied in terms of composition, equivalent weight, thickness, and filler and were investigated with regard to their methanol permeation characteristics and proton conductivity for application in direct methanol fuel cells. The behavior of the membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) was investigated in fuel cell with the aim to individuate a correlation between membrane characteristics and their performance in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The power density of the DMFC at 60 °C increased according to a square root-like function of the membrane selectivity. This was defined as the reciprocal of the product between area specific resistance and crossover. The power density achieved at ...

Research paper thumbnail of Modifications of Sulfonic Acid-Based Membranes

High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells, 2016

Aiming at intermediate temperature operation (100–150 °C), composite polymer electrolyte membrane... more Aiming at intermediate temperature operation (100–150 °C), composite polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer and inorganic fillers, particularly short-side chain perfluorosulfonic membranes, e.g., Aquivion® membranes with an equivalent weight of 790–850 g eq−1 and their composites with inorganic fillers represent a practical approach to advanced membrane materials. This chapter is devoted to an updated review of the methodologies and materials including their practical applications in direct alcohol fuel cells, water electrolysers, and automotive hydrogen fuel cells. An analysis of the basic operation mechanism of such materials is provided and the characteristic performances achieved under intermediate temperature operation are reviewed. The influence of the surface chemistry and acid–base characteristics of the inorganic fillers is also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimizing the electrochemical performance of aqueous symmetric supercapacitors based on an activated carbon xerogel

Journal of Power Sources, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Conductivity and Capacitance Properties of a Supercapacitor Based on Nafion Electrolyte in a Nonaqueous System

Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2004

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Graphene Doped Carbon‐Gels and MnO2 for Next Generation of Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors

ChemElectroChem

Supercapacitors are playing a very relevant role in many applications due to their capability to ... more Supercapacitors are playing a very relevant role in many applications due to their capability to supply high power density and long durability. However, there is a growing demand to increase their energy density, in gravimetric and volumetric basis. There are different strategies to increase supercapacitor performance by improving the active materials used in the electrodes, the type of electrolyte used or even the configuration employed in the cell. In this work, a combination of these strategies is presented with the use of different active materials, electrolytes, and symmetric vs. asymmetric configuration. The supercapacitor with asymmetric configuration using the graphene‐doped carbon xerogel in the negative electrode and the manganese oxide in the positive electrode, along with the use of Na+‐form Aquivion electrolyte membrane as solid electrolyte, seems to be a promising combination to obtain a substantial enhancement of both gravimetric and volumetric capacitance. Furthermor...

Research paper thumbnail of New Insights into Properties of Methanol Transport in Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Polymers, 2021

Methanol crossover through a polymer electrolyte membrane has numerous negative effects on direct... more Methanol crossover through a polymer electrolyte membrane has numerous negative effects on direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) because it decreases the cell voltage due to a mixed potential (occurrence of both oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions) at the cathode, lowers the overall fuel utilization and contributes to long-term membrane degradation. In this work, an investigation of methanol transport properties of composite membranes based on sulfonated polysulfone (sPSf) and modified silica filler is carried out using the PFG-NMR technique, mainly focusing on high methanol concentration (i.e., 5 M). The influence of methanol crossover on the performance of DMFCs equipped with low-cost sPSf-based membranes operating with 5 M methanol solution at the anode is studied, with particular emphasis on the composite membrane approach. Using a surface-modified-silica filler into composite membranes based on sPSf allows reducing methanol cross-over of 50% compared with the pristin...

Research paper thumbnail of Graphitic carbon nitride/zinc oxide composite electrodes for all-solid-state photo-supercapacitor with ion exchange membrane separator

Journal of Energy Storage

Research paper thumbnail of Highly Reliable Asymmetric Solid-State Supercapacitors with Low Self-Discharge Rates

Research paper thumbnail of Nanoarchitectonics of high-performance supercapacitors based on mesoporous carbon and MnO2 electrodes using Aquivion electrolyte membrane

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

Research paper thumbnail of Solid-state carbon-based textile supercapacitors for energy storage applications

This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Progra... more This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136. A. J. Paleo acknowledges the support of COST Action CA15107- Multi-Functional Nano-Carbon Composite Materials Network (MultiComp) by means of a short term scientific mission (STSM).

Research paper thumbnail of MembranesSilica - Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite Electrochemical Behavior of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Based

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and MnO₂ materials on carbon nanofibers cotton textile substrate for hybrid solid-state supercapacitors

This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Progra... more This work was partly financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology (project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136). A. J. Paleo acknowledges the European COST Action CA15107- Multi-Functional Nano-Carbon Composite Materials Network (MultiComp) that conceded a Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM) at CNR-ITAE of Messina.

Research paper thumbnail of ISEECap2013, 3-7 June 2013, Taormina, Italy: book of abstracts

Research paper thumbnail of Long term durability of solid-state supercapacitor based on reduced graphene oxide aerogel and carbon nanotubes composite electrodes

Electrochimica Acta, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Energy storage of supercapacitor electrodes on carbon cloth enhanced by graphene oxide aerogel reducing conditions

Journal of Energy Storage, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Lifetime assessment of solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on cotton fabric electrodes

Journal of Power Sources, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Virtual special issue on the “HYdrogen POwer - THeoretical and Engineering Solutions – International Symposium (Hypothesis XII)”

Research paper thumbnail of Supercapacitors based on AC/MnO2 deposited onto dip-coated carbon nanofiber cotton fabric electrodes

Energy Storage Materials, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Cost Analysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Stacks for Mass Production

Research paper thumbnail of Nafion® and Fumapem® polymer electrolytes for the development of advanced solid-state supercapacitors

Electrochimica Acta, 2016

Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes can be suitable materials for the development of more compact... more Abstract Solid polymer electrolytes can be suitable materials for the development of more compact, flexible and safer solid-state supercapacitors. For this reason we have assembled supercapacitors with two different solid polymer electrolytes and studied their features. The two electrolytes were both perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA); and specifically Nafion® 115 was purchased by DuPont™ and Fumapem® F-950 was kindly received by FuMA-Tech GmbH (Germany). Both electrolytes were available and used both as self-standing membranes and as ionomer dispersion. The electrolyte membranes, e.g. Nafion® 115 and Fumapem® F-950, were used as solid electrolyte membranes between the electrodes of supercapacitors and, 5 wt% Nafion (Aldrich Chemistry) and Fumion solution (FuMA-Tech) were used in the preparation of the electrodes. The electrodes and the polymer electrolyte membranes were assembled to realize four different supercapacitors, which were electrochemical characterized to determine their respective specific capacitances, resistances, specific energies and power densities. The results of the cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, evidenced the superior performance of supercapacitor based on Nafion electrolyte membrane and Nafion/carbon electrodes in terms of specific capacitance and electrical series resistance. In fact, specific capacitance of 123 F g −1 and resistance of 0.31 Ω cm 2 were exhibited from this supercapacitor while the respective results for the best other SC assemblies were 96 F g −1 and 0.57 Ω cm 2 .

Research paper thumbnail of Selectivity of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membranes

Membranes, Jan 24, 2015

Sulfonic acid-functionalized polymer electrolyte membranes alternative to Nafion(®) were develope... more Sulfonic acid-functionalized polymer electrolyte membranes alternative to Nafion(®) were developed. These were hydrocarbon systems, such as blend sulfonated polyetheretherketone (s-PEEK), new generation perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) systems, and composite zirconium phosphate-PFSA polymers. The membranes varied in terms of composition, equivalent weight, thickness, and filler and were investigated with regard to their methanol permeation characteristics and proton conductivity for application in direct methanol fuel cells. The behavior of the membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) was investigated in fuel cell with the aim to individuate a correlation between membrane characteristics and their performance in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). The power density of the DMFC at 60 °C increased according to a square root-like function of the membrane selectivity. This was defined as the reciprocal of the product between area specific resistance and crossover. The power density achieved at ...

Research paper thumbnail of Modifications of Sulfonic Acid-Based Membranes

High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells, 2016

Aiming at intermediate temperature operation (100–150 °C), composite polymer electrolyte membrane... more Aiming at intermediate temperature operation (100–150 °C), composite polymer electrolyte membranes consisting of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomer and inorganic fillers, particularly short-side chain perfluorosulfonic membranes, e.g., Aquivion® membranes with an equivalent weight of 790–850 g eq−1 and their composites with inorganic fillers represent a practical approach to advanced membrane materials. This chapter is devoted to an updated review of the methodologies and materials including their practical applications in direct alcohol fuel cells, water electrolysers, and automotive hydrogen fuel cells. An analysis of the basic operation mechanism of such materials is provided and the characteristic performances achieved under intermediate temperature operation are reviewed. The influence of the surface chemistry and acid–base characteristics of the inorganic fillers is also discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimizing the electrochemical performance of aqueous symmetric supercapacitors based on an activated carbon xerogel

Journal of Power Sources, 2013

Research paper thumbnail of Conductivity and Capacitance Properties of a Supercapacitor Based on Nafion Electrolyte in a Nonaqueous System

Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2004

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Graphene Doped Carbon‐Gels and MnO2 for Next Generation of Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors

ChemElectroChem

Supercapacitors are playing a very relevant role in many applications due to their capability to ... more Supercapacitors are playing a very relevant role in many applications due to their capability to supply high power density and long durability. However, there is a growing demand to increase their energy density, in gravimetric and volumetric basis. There are different strategies to increase supercapacitor performance by improving the active materials used in the electrodes, the type of electrolyte used or even the configuration employed in the cell. In this work, a combination of these strategies is presented with the use of different active materials, electrolytes, and symmetric vs. asymmetric configuration. The supercapacitor with asymmetric configuration using the graphene‐doped carbon xerogel in the negative electrode and the manganese oxide in the positive electrode, along with the use of Na+‐form Aquivion electrolyte membrane as solid electrolyte, seems to be a promising combination to obtain a substantial enhancement of both gravimetric and volumetric capacitance. Furthermor...

Research paper thumbnail of New Insights into Properties of Methanol Transport in Sulfonated Polysulfone Composite Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Polymers, 2021

Methanol crossover through a polymer electrolyte membrane has numerous negative effects on direct... more Methanol crossover through a polymer electrolyte membrane has numerous negative effects on direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) because it decreases the cell voltage due to a mixed potential (occurrence of both oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation reactions) at the cathode, lowers the overall fuel utilization and contributes to long-term membrane degradation. In this work, an investigation of methanol transport properties of composite membranes based on sulfonated polysulfone (sPSf) and modified silica filler is carried out using the PFG-NMR technique, mainly focusing on high methanol concentration (i.e., 5 M). The influence of methanol crossover on the performance of DMFCs equipped with low-cost sPSf-based membranes operating with 5 M methanol solution at the anode is studied, with particular emphasis on the composite membrane approach. Using a surface-modified-silica filler into composite membranes based on sPSf allows reducing methanol cross-over of 50% compared with the pristin...