Fan Yang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Fan Yang

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Jan 6, 2015

Defensins form a major family of antimicrobial peptides. Recently, human β-defensin 2 and fungal ... more Defensins form a major family of antimicrobial peptides. Recently, human β-defensin 2 and fungal plectasin were shown to be immune-related potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3 (Kv1.3) channel inhibitors. This work continued to show that the human α-defensins human neutrophil peptide (HNP) 1 and human defensin (HD) 5 are selective Kv1.3 channel inhibitors with 50% inhibition concentration values of 102.0 ± 30.3 nM and 2.2 ± 0.2 μM, respectively. Furthermore, HNP1 was found to inhibit Kv1.3 currents and IL-2 secretion in human CD3(+) T cells. Despite the structural similarity between HNP1 and HD5, HNP1 could simultaneously bind to the S1-S2 linker and the pore region of the Kv1.3 channel as both a toxinlike blocker and a novel modifier, whereas HD5 could only bind to the channel pore region as a toxinlike blocker. As a channel modifier, HNP1 could shift the conductance-voltage relationship curve of the Kv1.3 channel by ∼9.5 mV in the positive direction and could increa...

IEEE INFOCOM 2004, 2004

With the convergence of wired line Internet and mobile wireless networks as well as tremendous de... more With the convergence of wired line Internet and mobile wireless networks as well as tremendous demand on video application in mobile wireless Internet, it's essential to design an effective video streaming protocol and an efficient resource allocation scheme for video delivery over wireless Internet. In this paper, we employ WMSTFP, an end-to-end TCP-friendly multimedia streaming protocol, to detect the status of the wired and wireless part of the wireless Internet, where only the last hop is wireless link. By accurately distinguishing the packet losses due to transmission errors from the congestive losses and smoothing out the pathologic round-trip-time values caused by the highly dynamic wireless environment, in WMSTFP higher throughput in wireless Internet can be achieved and rate can be adjusted in a smooth and TCP-friendly manner. Based upon WMSTFP, we propose a novel loss pattern differentiated bit allocation scheme while applying unequal loss protection (ULP) for scalable video streaming over wireless Internet. Specifically, a Rate-Distortion (R-D) based bit allocation scheme which considers both wired and wireless network status is proposed to minimize the expected end-to-end distortion. The optimal solution of global optimization for the bit allocation scheme is obtained by a local search algorithm taking the characteristics of Progressive Fine Granularity Scalable (PFGS) video into account. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.

This paper presents Sonora, a platform for mobile-cloud computing. Sonora is designed to support ... more This paper presents Sonora, a platform for mobile-cloud computing. Sonora is designed to support the development and execution of continuous mobile-cloud services. To this end, Sonora provides developers with stream-based programming interfaces that coherently integrate a broad range of existing techniques from mobile, database, and distributed systems. These range from support for disconnected operation to relational and event-driven models. Sonora's execution engine is a fault-tolerant distributed runtime that supports user-facing continuous sensing and processing services in the cloud. Key features of this engine are its dynamic load balancing mechanisms, and a novel failure recovery protocol that performs checkpoint-based partial rollback recovery with selective re-execution. To illustrate the relevance and power of the stream abstraction in describing complex mobile-cloud services we evaluate Sonora's design in the context of two services. We also validate Sonora's ...

Delivering multimedia over wireless Internet is a very challenging task. Multimedia delivery inhe... more Delivering multimedia over wireless Internet is a very challenging task. Multimedia delivery inherently has strict quality-of-service (QoS) requirement on bandwidth, delay, and delay jitter. However, the current Internet can only support best-effort service, which imposes varying network conditions during multimedia delivery. The advent of wireless networks further exacerbates the variance of network conditions and brings greater challenges for multimedia delivery. To improve perceived media quality by end users over wireless Internet, QoS supports can be addressed in different layers, including application layer, transport layer, link layer, and so forth. This paper presents a framework, which provides QoS support, for multimedia delivery over wireless Internet, across different layers. To provide efficient QoS support for different types of media over the best-effort networks, we first propose a cross-layer architecture, which combines the application-level, transport-layer, as well as link-layer controls, and then review recent advances in each individual component. Specifically, dynamic estimation of varying channel and network, adaptive and energy-efficient application and link-level error control, efficient congestion control, header compression, adaptive automatic repeat request (ARQ) and priority-based scheduling, as well as QoS-adaptive proxy caching technologies are explicitly reviewed in this paper.

The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 29, 2015

Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels play a pivotal role in phototransduction. Mu... more Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels play a pivotal role in phototransduction. Mutations in the cone CNG channel subunits CNGA3 and CNGB3 are associated with achromatopsia and cone dystrophies. We have shown endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated apoptotic cone death and increased phosphorylation of the ER Ca(2+) channel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) in CNG channel-deficient mice. We also presented a remarkable elevation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and an increased activity of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase G, PKG) in CNG channel deficiency. The current work investigated whether cGMP/PKG signaling regulates ER stress and IP3R1 phosphorylation in CNG channel-deficient cones. Treatment with PKG inhibitor and deletion of guanylate cyclase-1 (GC1), the enzyme producing cGMP in cones, were used to suppress cGMP/PKG signaling in cone-dominant Cnga3(-/-)/Nrl(-/-) mice. We found that treatment with PKG inhibitor or dele...

The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 17, 2015

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) ORF2 encodes a single structural capsid protein. The E2s domain (a.a.... more The hepatitis E virus (HEV) ORF2 encodes a single structural capsid protein. The E2s domain (a.a. 459-606) of the capsid protein has been identified as the major immune target. All identified neutralizing epitopes are located on this domain; however, a comprehensive characterization of antigenic sites on the domain is lacking due to its high degree of conformation dependence. Here, we used the statistical software SPSS to analyze cELISA (competitive ELISA) data to classify monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which recognized conformational epitopes on E2s domain. Using this novel analysis method, we identified various conformational mAbs that recognized the E2s domain. These mAbs were distributed into 6 independent groups, suggesting the presence of at least 6 epitopes. Twelve representative mAbs covering the six groups were selected as a tool box to further map functional antigenic sites on the E2s domain. By combining functional and location information of the 12 representative mAbs, thi...

PloS one, 2015

We proposed that the severity of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could be clas... more We proposed that the severity of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could be classified based on pathophysiological changes. First-STEMI patients were classified within hospitalization. Grade 0: no detectable myocardial necrosis; Grade 1: myocardial necrosis without functional and morphological abnormalities; Grade 2: myocardial necrosis with reduced LVEF; Grade 3: reduced LVEF on the basis of cardiac remodeling; Grade 4: mitral regurgitation additional to the Grade-3 criteria. Of 180 patients, 1.7, 43.9, 26.1, 23.9 and 4.4% patients were classified as Grade 0 to 4, respectively. The classification is an independent predicator of 90-day MACEs (any death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, acute heart failure and stroke): the rate was 0, 5.1, 8.5, 48.8 and 75% from Grade 0 to 4 (p<0.001), respectively. The Grade-2 patients were more likely to have recovered left ventricular ejection fraction than the Grade-3/4 patients did after 90 days (48.9% vs. 19.1%, p<0.001). Avo...

Virus research, Jan 16, 2015

We developed an RNA polymerase (pol) I- and II-driven plasmid-based reverse genetics system to re... more We developed an RNA polymerase (pol) I- and II-driven plasmid-based reverse genetics system to rescue infectious foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) from cloned cDNA. In this plasmid-based transfection, the full-length viral cDNA was flanked by hammerhead ribozyme (HamRz) and hepatitis delta ribozyme (HdvRz) sequences, which were arranged downstream of the two promoters (cytomegalovirus (CMV) and pol I promoter) and upstream of the terminators and polyadenylation signal, respectively. The utility of this method was demonstrated by the recovery of FMDV Asia1 HN/CHA/06 in BHK-21 cells transfected with cDNA plasmids. Furthermore, infectious FMDV Asia1 HN/CHA/06 could be rescued from suckling mice directly inoculated with cDNA plasmids. Thus, this reverse genetics system can be applied to fundamental research and vaccine studies, most notably to rescue those viruses for which there is currently an absence of a suitable cell culture system.

American journal of translational research, 2015

To compare different expression of core proteins among venous thromboembolism (VTE) and those wit... more To compare different expression of core proteins among venous thromboembolism (VTE) and those with risk factor groups and analyze the relative risk for VTE after integrating integrin β1, β2 and β3 expression. A total of 1006 subjects were recruited and divided into VTE group, risk factor groups and control (non- risk factor) group. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of integrin β1, β2 and β3. The relative risk for VTE was evaluated with independent, parallel and serial methods. The expression of integrin β1 increased markedly in VTE patients, and those with risk factors (acute infection, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases), respectively (P < 0.001 or 0.01). The expression of integrin β1 in trauma/surgery group was not significantly different with control group (P > 0.05). The expression of integrin β2 or β3 significantly increased in VTE group, but that in risk factor groups was not significantly increased (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed the t...

Archives of disease in childhood, Jan 12, 2015

To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs detected during heart dise... more To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs detected during heart disease screening among apparently healthy schoolchildren. Cross-sectional study. 32 elementary schools in Dongguan City of China. 81 213 schoolchildren aged 5-13 years from different elementary schools. The prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs among schoolchildren. Murmurs were detected in 2193 schoolchildren (2.7%), of whom 215 had a structural heart disease (SHD). Of patients who had SHD, 198 children had congenital heart disease (CHD), 12 had mitral valve prolapse and 5 had rheumatic heart disease. In patients who had CHD, the most common diagnosis was a ventricular septal defect. With respect to sex, SHDs were equally distributed between males and females. Of the schoolchildren who had a murmur, 1797 (81.9%) had a murmur with the loudness of grade 1 or 2 and 396 (18.1%) had a murmur with the loudness of grades 3-6. The prevalence of SHD fell significantly with increasin...

Journal of natural products, Jan 22, 2015

Four new macrocyclic lactones, bryostatin 21 (1) and 9-O-methylbryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (2-4), t... more Four new macrocyclic lactones, bryostatin 21 (1) and 9-O-methylbryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (2-4), together with three known related compounds, bryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (5-7), have been isolated from an extract of the South China Sea bryozoan Bugula neritina. The structures of all compounds were unambiguously elucidated using detailed spectroscopic analysis. Structurally, the presence of a single methyl group at C-18 in compound 1 has not been observed before for known bryostatins. The isolated macrolides exhibited inhibitory effects against a small panel of human cancer cell lines.

Scientific reports, 2015

During the long-term evolution of animal toxins acting on potassium channels, the acidic residues... more During the long-term evolution of animal toxins acting on potassium channels, the acidic residues can orientate the toxin binding interfaces by adjusting the molecular polarity. Based on the evolutionary function of toxin acidic residues, de novo peptide drugs with distinct binding interfaces were designed for the immunotherapeutic target, the Kv1.3 channel. Using a natural basic toxin, BmKTX, as a template, which contains 2 acidic residues (Asp19 and Asp33), we engineered two new peptides BmKTX-19 with 1 acidic residue (Asp33), and BmKTX-196 with 2 acidic residues (Asp6 and Asp33) through only adjusting acidic residue distribution for reorientation of BmKTX binding interface. Pharmacological experiments indicated that BmKTX-19 and BmKTX-196 peptides were specific inhibitors of the Kv1.3 channel and effectively suppressed cytokine secretion. In addition to the structural similarity between the designed and native peptides, both experimental alanine-scanning mutagenesis and computati...

PloS one, 2015

Oxidative stress (OS), as a signal of aberrant intracellular mechanisms, plays key roles in maint... more Oxidative stress (OS), as a signal of aberrant intracellular mechanisms, plays key roles in maintaining homeostasis for organisms. The occurrence of OS due to the disorder of normal cellular redox balance indicates the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or deficiency of antioxidants. Once the balance is broken down, repression of oxidative stress is one of the most effective ways to alleviate it. Ongoing studies provide remarkable evidence that oxidative stress is involved in reproductive toxicity induced by various stimuli, such as environmental toxicants and food toxicity. Zearalenone (ZEA), as a toxic compound existing in contaminated food products, is found to induce mycotoxicosis that has a significant impact on the reproduction of domestic animals, especially pigs. However, there is no information about how ROS and oxidative stress is involved in the influence of ZEA on porcine granulosa cells, or whether the stress can be rescued by curcumin. In this study, Z...

PloS one, 2015

Tuberculosis, caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide public health thr... more Tuberculosis, caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide public health threat. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is capable of resisting various stresses in host cells, including high levels of ROS and copper ions. To better understand the resistance mechanisms of mycobacteria to copper, we generated a copper-resistant strain of Mycobacterium smegmatis, mc2155-Cu from the selection of copper sulfate treated-bacteria. The mc2155-Cu strain has a 5-fold higher resistance to copper sulfate and a 2-fold higher resistance to isoniazid (INH) than its parental strain mc2155, respectively. Quantitative proteomics was carried out to find differentially expressed proteins between mc2155 and mc2155-Cu. Among 345 differentially expressed proteins, copper-translocating P-type ATPase was up-regulated, while all other ABC transporters were down-regulated in mc2155-Cu, suggesting copper-translocating P-type ATPase plays a crucial role in copper resistance. Results also indicated that...

Oncotarget, Jan 12, 2015

The membrane glycoprotein CD133 is a popular marker for cancer stem cells and contributes to canc... more The membrane glycoprotein CD133 is a popular marker for cancer stem cells and contributes to cancer initiation and invasion in a number of tumor types. CD133 promotes tumorigenesis partly through an interaction between its phosphorylated Y828 residue and the PI3K regulatory subunit p85, and the interaction with β-catenin. Although CD133 glycosylation is supposed to be associated with its function, the contribution of N-glycosylation to its functions remains unclear. Here we analyzed the exact site(s) of N-glycosylation in CD133 by mass spectrometry and found that all eight potential N-glycosylation sites of CD133 could be indeed occupied by N-glycans. Loss of individual N-glycosylation sites had no effect on the level of expression or membrane localization of CD133. However, mutation at glycosylation site Asn548 significantly decreased the ability of CD133 to promote hepatoma cell growth. Furthermore, mutation of Asn548 reduced the interaction between CD133 and β-catenin and inhibit...

Blood, Jan 26, 2015

Wip1, a phosphatase previously considered as an oncogene, has been implicated in the regulation o... more Wip1, a phosphatase previously considered as an oncogene, has been implicated in the regulation of thymus homeostasis and neutrophil maturation. However, the role of Wip1 in B cell development is unknown. We herein showed that Wip1 deficient mice exhibited a significant reduction of B cell numbers in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. Reciprocal transplantation approach revealed a cell intrinsic defect in the early B cell precursors caused by Wip1 deficiency. Further experiments revealed that Wip1 deficiency led to a sustained activation of p53 in B cells, which led to increased level of apoptosis in the pre-B cell compartment. Notably, the impairment of B cell development in Wip1 deficient mice was completely rescued by genetic ablation of p53, but not p21. Therefore, loss of Wip1 phosphatase induces a p53-dependent, but p21-independent, mechanism that impairs B cell development through enhancing apoptosis in early B cell precursors. Moreover, Wip1 deficiency exacerbate...

ICSP '98. 1998 Fourth International Conference on Signal Processing (Cat. No.98TH8344), 1998

Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2014

Recent Success Stories, 2013

BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 16, 2015

Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT), a commonly used as a traditional chinese medicine for liver disease. Se... more Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT), a commonly used as a traditional chinese medicine for liver disease. Several studies indicated that YCHT may improving hepatic triglyceride metabolism and anti-apoptotic response as well as decreasing oxidative stress .However, little is known about the role of YCHT in chlorpromazine (CPZ) -induced chlolestatic liver injury. Therefore, we aimed to facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury and evaluate the effect of Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT) on chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced cholestatic liver injury in rats based on the change of bile acids (BAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) alone with the biochemical indicators and histological examination. We conducted an experiment on CPZ-induced cholestatic liver injury in Wistar rats with and without YCHT for nine consecutive days. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (...

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Jan 6, 2015

Defensins form a major family of antimicrobial peptides. Recently, human β-defensin 2 and fungal ... more Defensins form a major family of antimicrobial peptides. Recently, human β-defensin 2 and fungal plectasin were shown to be immune-related potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 3 (Kv1.3) channel inhibitors. This work continued to show that the human α-defensins human neutrophil peptide (HNP) 1 and human defensin (HD) 5 are selective Kv1.3 channel inhibitors with 50% inhibition concentration values of 102.0 ± 30.3 nM and 2.2 ± 0.2 μM, respectively. Furthermore, HNP1 was found to inhibit Kv1.3 currents and IL-2 secretion in human CD3(+) T cells. Despite the structural similarity between HNP1 and HD5, HNP1 could simultaneously bind to the S1-S2 linker and the pore region of the Kv1.3 channel as both a toxinlike blocker and a novel modifier, whereas HD5 could only bind to the channel pore region as a toxinlike blocker. As a channel modifier, HNP1 could shift the conductance-voltage relationship curve of the Kv1.3 channel by ∼9.5 mV in the positive direction and could increa...

IEEE INFOCOM 2004, 2004

With the convergence of wired line Internet and mobile wireless networks as well as tremendous de... more With the convergence of wired line Internet and mobile wireless networks as well as tremendous demand on video application in mobile wireless Internet, it's essential to design an effective video streaming protocol and an efficient resource allocation scheme for video delivery over wireless Internet. In this paper, we employ WMSTFP, an end-to-end TCP-friendly multimedia streaming protocol, to detect the status of the wired and wireless part of the wireless Internet, where only the last hop is wireless link. By accurately distinguishing the packet losses due to transmission errors from the congestive losses and smoothing out the pathologic round-trip-time values caused by the highly dynamic wireless environment, in WMSTFP higher throughput in wireless Internet can be achieved and rate can be adjusted in a smooth and TCP-friendly manner. Based upon WMSTFP, we propose a novel loss pattern differentiated bit allocation scheme while applying unequal loss protection (ULP) for scalable video streaming over wireless Internet. Specifically, a Rate-Distortion (R-D) based bit allocation scheme which considers both wired and wireless network status is proposed to minimize the expected end-to-end distortion. The optimal solution of global optimization for the bit allocation scheme is obtained by a local search algorithm taking the characteristics of Progressive Fine Granularity Scalable (PFGS) video into account. Analytical and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.

This paper presents Sonora, a platform for mobile-cloud computing. Sonora is designed to support ... more This paper presents Sonora, a platform for mobile-cloud computing. Sonora is designed to support the development and execution of continuous mobile-cloud services. To this end, Sonora provides developers with stream-based programming interfaces that coherently integrate a broad range of existing techniques from mobile, database, and distributed systems. These range from support for disconnected operation to relational and event-driven models. Sonora's execution engine is a fault-tolerant distributed runtime that supports user-facing continuous sensing and processing services in the cloud. Key features of this engine are its dynamic load balancing mechanisms, and a novel failure recovery protocol that performs checkpoint-based partial rollback recovery with selective re-execution. To illustrate the relevance and power of the stream abstraction in describing complex mobile-cloud services we evaluate Sonora's design in the context of two services. We also validate Sonora's ...

Delivering multimedia over wireless Internet is a very challenging task. Multimedia delivery inhe... more Delivering multimedia over wireless Internet is a very challenging task. Multimedia delivery inherently has strict quality-of-service (QoS) requirement on bandwidth, delay, and delay jitter. However, the current Internet can only support best-effort service, which imposes varying network conditions during multimedia delivery. The advent of wireless networks further exacerbates the variance of network conditions and brings greater challenges for multimedia delivery. To improve perceived media quality by end users over wireless Internet, QoS supports can be addressed in different layers, including application layer, transport layer, link layer, and so forth. This paper presents a framework, which provides QoS support, for multimedia delivery over wireless Internet, across different layers. To provide efficient QoS support for different types of media over the best-effort networks, we first propose a cross-layer architecture, which combines the application-level, transport-layer, as well as link-layer controls, and then review recent advances in each individual component. Specifically, dynamic estimation of varying channel and network, adaptive and energy-efficient application and link-level error control, efficient congestion control, header compression, adaptive automatic repeat request (ARQ) and priority-based scheduling, as well as QoS-adaptive proxy caching technologies are explicitly reviewed in this paper.

The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 29, 2015

Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels play a pivotal role in phototransduction. Mu... more Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels play a pivotal role in phototransduction. Mutations in the cone CNG channel subunits CNGA3 and CNGB3 are associated with achromatopsia and cone dystrophies. We have shown endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated apoptotic cone death and increased phosphorylation of the ER Ca(2+) channel inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) in CNG channel-deficient mice. We also presented a remarkable elevation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and an increased activity of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase G, PKG) in CNG channel deficiency. The current work investigated whether cGMP/PKG signaling regulates ER stress and IP3R1 phosphorylation in CNG channel-deficient cones. Treatment with PKG inhibitor and deletion of guanylate cyclase-1 (GC1), the enzyme producing cGMP in cones, were used to suppress cGMP/PKG signaling in cone-dominant Cnga3(-/-)/Nrl(-/-) mice. We found that treatment with PKG inhibitor or dele...

The Journal of biological chemistry, Jan 17, 2015

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) ORF2 encodes a single structural capsid protein. The E2s domain (a.a.... more The hepatitis E virus (HEV) ORF2 encodes a single structural capsid protein. The E2s domain (a.a. 459-606) of the capsid protein has been identified as the major immune target. All identified neutralizing epitopes are located on this domain; however, a comprehensive characterization of antigenic sites on the domain is lacking due to its high degree of conformation dependence. Here, we used the statistical software SPSS to analyze cELISA (competitive ELISA) data to classify monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which recognized conformational epitopes on E2s domain. Using this novel analysis method, we identified various conformational mAbs that recognized the E2s domain. These mAbs were distributed into 6 independent groups, suggesting the presence of at least 6 epitopes. Twelve representative mAbs covering the six groups were selected as a tool box to further map functional antigenic sites on the E2s domain. By combining functional and location information of the 12 representative mAbs, thi...

PloS one, 2015

We proposed that the severity of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could be clas... more We proposed that the severity of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could be classified based on pathophysiological changes. First-STEMI patients were classified within hospitalization. Grade 0: no detectable myocardial necrosis; Grade 1: myocardial necrosis without functional and morphological abnormalities; Grade 2: myocardial necrosis with reduced LVEF; Grade 3: reduced LVEF on the basis of cardiac remodeling; Grade 4: mitral regurgitation additional to the Grade-3 criteria. Of 180 patients, 1.7, 43.9, 26.1, 23.9 and 4.4% patients were classified as Grade 0 to 4, respectively. The classification is an independent predicator of 90-day MACEs (any death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, acute heart failure and stroke): the rate was 0, 5.1, 8.5, 48.8 and 75% from Grade 0 to 4 (p<0.001), respectively. The Grade-2 patients were more likely to have recovered left ventricular ejection fraction than the Grade-3/4 patients did after 90 days (48.9% vs. 19.1%, p<0.001). Avo...

Virus research, Jan 16, 2015

We developed an RNA polymerase (pol) I- and II-driven plasmid-based reverse genetics system to re... more We developed an RNA polymerase (pol) I- and II-driven plasmid-based reverse genetics system to rescue infectious foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) from cloned cDNA. In this plasmid-based transfection, the full-length viral cDNA was flanked by hammerhead ribozyme (HamRz) and hepatitis delta ribozyme (HdvRz) sequences, which were arranged downstream of the two promoters (cytomegalovirus (CMV) and pol I promoter) and upstream of the terminators and polyadenylation signal, respectively. The utility of this method was demonstrated by the recovery of FMDV Asia1 HN/CHA/06 in BHK-21 cells transfected with cDNA plasmids. Furthermore, infectious FMDV Asia1 HN/CHA/06 could be rescued from suckling mice directly inoculated with cDNA plasmids. Thus, this reverse genetics system can be applied to fundamental research and vaccine studies, most notably to rescue those viruses for which there is currently an absence of a suitable cell culture system.

American journal of translational research, 2015

To compare different expression of core proteins among venous thromboembolism (VTE) and those wit... more To compare different expression of core proteins among venous thromboembolism (VTE) and those with risk factor groups and analyze the relative risk for VTE after integrating integrin β1, β2 and β3 expression. A total of 1006 subjects were recruited and divided into VTE group, risk factor groups and control (non- risk factor) group. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the expression of integrin β1, β2 and β3. The relative risk for VTE was evaluated with independent, parallel and serial methods. The expression of integrin β1 increased markedly in VTE patients, and those with risk factors (acute infection, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases), respectively (P < 0.001 or 0.01). The expression of integrin β1 in trauma/surgery group was not significantly different with control group (P > 0.05). The expression of integrin β2 or β3 significantly increased in VTE group, but that in risk factor groups was not significantly increased (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed the t...

Archives of disease in childhood, Jan 12, 2015

To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs detected during heart dise... more To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs detected during heart disease screening among apparently healthy schoolchildren. Cross-sectional study. 32 elementary schools in Dongguan City of China. 81 213 schoolchildren aged 5-13 years from different elementary schools. The prevalence and clinical significance of heart murmurs among schoolchildren. Murmurs were detected in 2193 schoolchildren (2.7%), of whom 215 had a structural heart disease (SHD). Of patients who had SHD, 198 children had congenital heart disease (CHD), 12 had mitral valve prolapse and 5 had rheumatic heart disease. In patients who had CHD, the most common diagnosis was a ventricular septal defect. With respect to sex, SHDs were equally distributed between males and females. Of the schoolchildren who had a murmur, 1797 (81.9%) had a murmur with the loudness of grade 1 or 2 and 396 (18.1%) had a murmur with the loudness of grades 3-6. The prevalence of SHD fell significantly with increasin...

Journal of natural products, Jan 22, 2015

Four new macrocyclic lactones, bryostatin 21 (1) and 9-O-methylbryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (2-4), t... more Four new macrocyclic lactones, bryostatin 21 (1) and 9-O-methylbryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (2-4), together with three known related compounds, bryostatins 4, 16, and 17 (5-7), have been isolated from an extract of the South China Sea bryozoan Bugula neritina. The structures of all compounds were unambiguously elucidated using detailed spectroscopic analysis. Structurally, the presence of a single methyl group at C-18 in compound 1 has not been observed before for known bryostatins. The isolated macrolides exhibited inhibitory effects against a small panel of human cancer cell lines.

Scientific reports, 2015

During the long-term evolution of animal toxins acting on potassium channels, the acidic residues... more During the long-term evolution of animal toxins acting on potassium channels, the acidic residues can orientate the toxin binding interfaces by adjusting the molecular polarity. Based on the evolutionary function of toxin acidic residues, de novo peptide drugs with distinct binding interfaces were designed for the immunotherapeutic target, the Kv1.3 channel. Using a natural basic toxin, BmKTX, as a template, which contains 2 acidic residues (Asp19 and Asp33), we engineered two new peptides BmKTX-19 with 1 acidic residue (Asp33), and BmKTX-196 with 2 acidic residues (Asp6 and Asp33) through only adjusting acidic residue distribution for reorientation of BmKTX binding interface. Pharmacological experiments indicated that BmKTX-19 and BmKTX-196 peptides were specific inhibitors of the Kv1.3 channel and effectively suppressed cytokine secretion. In addition to the structural similarity between the designed and native peptides, both experimental alanine-scanning mutagenesis and computati...

PloS one, 2015

Oxidative stress (OS), as a signal of aberrant intracellular mechanisms, plays key roles in maint... more Oxidative stress (OS), as a signal of aberrant intracellular mechanisms, plays key roles in maintaining homeostasis for organisms. The occurrence of OS due to the disorder of normal cellular redox balance indicates the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or deficiency of antioxidants. Once the balance is broken down, repression of oxidative stress is one of the most effective ways to alleviate it. Ongoing studies provide remarkable evidence that oxidative stress is involved in reproductive toxicity induced by various stimuli, such as environmental toxicants and food toxicity. Zearalenone (ZEA), as a toxic compound existing in contaminated food products, is found to induce mycotoxicosis that has a significant impact on the reproduction of domestic animals, especially pigs. However, there is no information about how ROS and oxidative stress is involved in the influence of ZEA on porcine granulosa cells, or whether the stress can be rescued by curcumin. In this study, Z...

PloS one, 2015

Tuberculosis, caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide public health thr... more Tuberculosis, caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a worldwide public health threat. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is capable of resisting various stresses in host cells, including high levels of ROS and copper ions. To better understand the resistance mechanisms of mycobacteria to copper, we generated a copper-resistant strain of Mycobacterium smegmatis, mc2155-Cu from the selection of copper sulfate treated-bacteria. The mc2155-Cu strain has a 5-fold higher resistance to copper sulfate and a 2-fold higher resistance to isoniazid (INH) than its parental strain mc2155, respectively. Quantitative proteomics was carried out to find differentially expressed proteins between mc2155 and mc2155-Cu. Among 345 differentially expressed proteins, copper-translocating P-type ATPase was up-regulated, while all other ABC transporters were down-regulated in mc2155-Cu, suggesting copper-translocating P-type ATPase plays a crucial role in copper resistance. Results also indicated that...

Oncotarget, Jan 12, 2015

The membrane glycoprotein CD133 is a popular marker for cancer stem cells and contributes to canc... more The membrane glycoprotein CD133 is a popular marker for cancer stem cells and contributes to cancer initiation and invasion in a number of tumor types. CD133 promotes tumorigenesis partly through an interaction between its phosphorylated Y828 residue and the PI3K regulatory subunit p85, and the interaction with β-catenin. Although CD133 glycosylation is supposed to be associated with its function, the contribution of N-glycosylation to its functions remains unclear. Here we analyzed the exact site(s) of N-glycosylation in CD133 by mass spectrometry and found that all eight potential N-glycosylation sites of CD133 could be indeed occupied by N-glycans. Loss of individual N-glycosylation sites had no effect on the level of expression or membrane localization of CD133. However, mutation at glycosylation site Asn548 significantly decreased the ability of CD133 to promote hepatoma cell growth. Furthermore, mutation of Asn548 reduced the interaction between CD133 and β-catenin and inhibit...

Blood, Jan 26, 2015

Wip1, a phosphatase previously considered as an oncogene, has been implicated in the regulation o... more Wip1, a phosphatase previously considered as an oncogene, has been implicated in the regulation of thymus homeostasis and neutrophil maturation. However, the role of Wip1 in B cell development is unknown. We herein showed that Wip1 deficient mice exhibited a significant reduction of B cell numbers in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and spleen. Reciprocal transplantation approach revealed a cell intrinsic defect in the early B cell precursors caused by Wip1 deficiency. Further experiments revealed that Wip1 deficiency led to a sustained activation of p53 in B cells, which led to increased level of apoptosis in the pre-B cell compartment. Notably, the impairment of B cell development in Wip1 deficient mice was completely rescued by genetic ablation of p53, but not p21. Therefore, loss of Wip1 phosphatase induces a p53-dependent, but p21-independent, mechanism that impairs B cell development through enhancing apoptosis in early B cell precursors. Moreover, Wip1 deficiency exacerbate...

ICSP '98. 1998 Fourth International Conference on Signal Processing (Cat. No.98TH8344), 1998

Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2014

Recent Success Stories, 2013

BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 16, 2015

Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT), a commonly used as a traditional chinese medicine for liver disease. Se... more Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT), a commonly used as a traditional chinese medicine for liver disease. Several studies indicated that YCHT may improving hepatic triglyceride metabolism and anti-apoptotic response as well as decreasing oxidative stress .However, little is known about the role of YCHT in chlorpromazine (CPZ) -induced chlolestatic liver injury. Therefore, we aimed to facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver injury and evaluate the effect of Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT) on chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced cholestatic liver injury in rats based on the change of bile acids (BAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) alone with the biochemical indicators and histological examination. We conducted an experiment on CPZ-induced cholestatic liver injury in Wistar rats with and without YCHT for nine consecutive days. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (...