Mohamed Fareid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohamed Fareid

ChemistrySelect, 2018

2-Hydroxy-naphthaldehyde based heterocyclic Schiff base derivatives (1 a-1 h) were prepared and c... more 2-Hydroxy-naphthaldehyde based heterocyclic Schiff base derivatives (1 a-1 h) were prepared and characterized by multispectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Antibacterial activity of all the compounds was tested against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli bacterial strains. The antifungal potential of the synthesized compounds was also tested against three Candida strains (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis). In the antibacterial activity, the compounds showed high MIC values and thus found less potent against all the tested bacterial strains. Interestingly, compounds 1 b and 1 c exhibited significant activity with MIC 125 μg/ml against all the tested fungal strains. Hemolytic assay against human RBCs revealed that compounds 1 b and 1 c showed less toxicity than the standard drug fluconazole at each tested concentration (25-1000 μg/ml). In growth kinetics studies, compounds 1 b and 1 c significantly inhibited the growth of Candida cells at 2MIC and MIC concentrations. The interaction ability of lead compounds (1 b and 1 c) with Ct-DNA was carried out by absorption, fluorescence, hydrodynamic, cyclic voltammetery measurements and circular dichroism. Results suggested that compound 1 b and 1 c bind to Ct-DNA via an intercalative mode supported by molecular docking studies. The antioxidant potential of heterocyclic derivatives 1 b and 1 c was estimated by DPPH free radical and hydrogen peroxide assay which confirm that compounds exhibited significant antioxidant activity.

Journal of molecular structure, Aug 1, 2024

Scientific reports, Mar 13, 2024

Journal of Molecular Structure

Applied Sciences

We aimed to investigate the potential anticonvulsant effect of green synthetized selenium nanopar... more We aimed to investigate the potential anticonvulsant effect of green synthetized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using Syzygium aromaticum extract (SAE) (SAE-SeNPs) against epileptic seizures and cortical damage induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injection in rats and its mechanism. A total of 84 rats were divided into six groups; control, PTZ-exposed group, SAE + PTZ-treated group, sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) + PTZ-treated group, SAE-SeNPs + PTZ-treated group, and diazepam + PTZ-treated group. SAE-SeNPs significantly increase (p < 0.05) the latency time to seizures and reduce both the seizure duration and death rate, which were enhanced by the PTZ injection. SAE-SeNPs counteracted the PTZ-induced changes in the oxidants and antioxidants. Furthermore, SAE-SeNPs significantly restored (p < 0.05) the pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) to their normal levels and suppressed the activity of the glial fibrillary acidic protein showi...

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Molecules

Natural origin molecules represent reliable and excellent sources to overcome some medicinal prob... more Natural origin molecules represent reliable and excellent sources to overcome some medicinal problems. The study of anticancer, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial activities of Thevetia peruviana latex were the aim of the current research. An investigation using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the major content of the flavonoids are rutin (11.45 µg/mL), quersestin (7.15 µg/mL), naringin (5.25 µg/mL), and hisperdin (6.07 µg/mL), while phenolic had chlorogenic (12.39 µg/mL), syringenic (7.45 µg/mL), and ferulic (5.07 µg/mL) acids in latex of T. peruviana. Via 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, the experiment demonstrated that latex had a potent antioxidant activity with the IC50 43.9 µg/mL for scavenging DPPH. Hemolysis inhibition was 58.5% at 1000 µg/mL of latex compared with 91.0% at 200 µg/mL of indomethacin as positive control. Negligible anticoagulant properties of latex were reported where the recorded time was 11.9 s of prothromb...

BioResources

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) being infected by mycotoxigenic fungi is one of the primary factors li... more Garlic (Allium sativum L.) being infected by mycotoxigenic fungi is one of the primary factors limiting its nutritional and medical value. Therefore, there is an urgent need to repress mycotoxigenic fungi utilizing safer treatments, possibly involving nanoparticles. Fusarium incarnatum was isolated from garlic (A. sativum L.) that showed fungal contamination and their identification was confirmed using amplified and sequenced internal transcribed spacer nuclear ribosomal DNA regions, which confirmed the isolation of F. incarnatum from all cultivars. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) at different concentrations showed inhibitory activity against F. incarnatum growth and mycotoxins, particularly at 400 ppm. The production of F. incarnatum mycotoxins, i.e., beauvericins, fusarins, moniliformin, and enniatins, was inhibited to 62.8%, 45.4%, 58.1%, and 55.0%, respectively at 400 ppm of CuONPs compared to the control. Shrinkage of the F. incarnatum cell membrane and collapsing of the ce...

$Research paper thumbnail of Echinops spinosus effect against diabetes and its hepatorenal complications: total extract and flavonoids fraction$

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2022

The perennial plant Echinops spinosus (ES) grows in the Hail area of Saudi Arabia, and its tradit... more The perennial plant Echinops spinosus (ES) grows in the Hail area of Saudi Arabia, and its traditional formulations are often employed in folk medicine. The goal of this study is to identify the active components present in Hail Echinops spinosus and to investigate the anti-diabetic properties of both ES total extract (ESTE) and its high flavonoids fraction (ESHFF) in experimental diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats. Forty-two rats were divided into six groups. Diabetes was induced using STZ (55 mg/kg). Seven days after STZ administration, the diabetic animals were treated daily with ESTE, ESHFF, or metformin (MET) as a standard anti-diabetic drug for 28 days. Blood and tissues samples were collected for biochemical, molecular, and histological investigations. Both ESTE and ESHFF demonstrated anti-diabetic properties, as evidenced by lowering glucose levels and increasing the levels of insulin, insulin receptor expression rate, and glycogen synthesis. Additionally, ESTE as well as ESHFF alleviated diabetic complications in the kidneys and liver by decreasing oxidative stress, modulating inflammatory mediators, and suppressing the apoptotic cascade along with correcting diabetic dyslipidemia. It could be deduced that Hail ES extracts could play a role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and diabetes-related lesions as well as oxidative damage in hepatic and renal tissues.

The present study was carried out to investigate maize seeds infected by Fusarium moulds and fumo... more The present study was carried out to investigate maize seeds infected by Fusarium moulds and fumonisin B1 production. In order to suppress the growth of fungal infection, and/or fumonisin B1 production in maize seeds; applicability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a biocontrol agent as well as detoxification of fumonisin B1 was investigated. Out of 100 samples of maize investigated 65 (65%) were fungal infection. Of them 38 (58.46%) were Fusarium moniliforme others were F. graminearum 19 (29.23%) and F. oxysporum 8 (12.31%). Growth of Fusarium moniliforme and fumonisin B1 detoxification were negatively correlated with different doses of S. cerevisiae while detoxification was positively correlated with the doses. At dose 1, 3, 5 and 7 g of S. cerevisiae, Fusarium dry weight and detoxification percent of fumonisin B1 were 5.8, 40.56, 4.3, 77.63, 2.8, 89.52, 0.9 and 100, respectively. The effect of water content as well as different temperatures on fumonisin B1 productions was investigat...

Six ethanolic extracts from plants of Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), ... more Six ethanolic extracts from plants of Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), Black Cumin (Nigella sativa), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), and Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis) were purchased from local market in H’ail province, Saudi Arabia were assayed for the in vitro inhibitory activity against some oral Candidal isolates. The prevalence of oral candidal infections among poor control diabetes patients was higher (56%) than fair control (30%) and good control (7%) diabetes patients. Statistically, our data indicated that a higher significant difference between the prevalence of oral candidiasis and diabetic control (p-value = 0.001). Cinnamon and Clove plant extracts were the most effective of all pathogenic yeasts studied. Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis and C tropicalis showed greatest degree of sensitivity to Cinnamon and Clove plant extracts. The inhibition zone diameter recorded 34.6, 31.5; 45, 31; 45.5, 29.5 mm, respectively at 100...

Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2021

The chemo-preventative and therapeutic properties of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been doc... more The chemo-preventative and therapeutic properties of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been documented over recent decades and suggest the potential uses of SeNPs in medicine. Biogenic SeNPs have higher biocompatibility and stability than chemically synthesized nanoparticles, which enhances their medical applications, especially in the field of cancer therapy. This study evaluated the potential of green-synthetized SeNPs by using berberine (Ber) as an antitumor agent and elucidated the mechanism by which these molecules combat Ehrlich solid tumors (ESTs). SeNPs containing Ber (SeNPs-Ber) were synthesized using Ber and Na2SeO3 and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Sixty male Swiss albino mice were then acclimatized for one week, injected with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, and divided into four groups: EST, EST + cisplatin (5 mg/kg), EST + Ber (20 mg/kg), and EST + SeNPs-Ber (0.5 mg/kg). At the end of a 16-day observation period, 12 mice from each group were euthanized to analyze differences in the body weight, tumor size, gene expression, and oxidative stress markers in the four groups. Three mice from each group were kept alive to compare the survival rates. Treatment with SeNPs-Ber significantly improved the survival rate and decreased the body weight and tumor size, compared to the EST group. SeNPs-Ber reduced oxidative stress in tumor tissue, as indicated by a decrease in the lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels and an increase in the glutathione levels. Moreover, SeNPs-Ber activated an apoptotic cascade in the tumor cells by downregulating the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression rate and upregulating the Bcl-2-associated X protein and caspase-3 expression rates. SeNPs-Ber also considerably improved the histopathological alterations in the developed tumor tissue, compared to the EST group. Our study provides a new insight into the potential role of green-synthesized SeNPs by using Ber as a promising anticancer agent, these molecules could be used alone or as supplementary medication during chemotherapy.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2021

Plant derived phytochemical therapy is a bright candidate for treatment of diabetes and its assoc... more Plant derived phytochemical therapy is a bright candidate for treatment of diabetes and its associated complications. Ocimum baslicum is used as an anti-diabetic traditional medicine. Hence, the present study investigated the effect of Hail Ocimum extract (HOE) and its total flavonoids (HOETF) against hepatorenal damage in experimental diabetes induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Diabetic animals were co-treated daily with HOE, HOETF or metformin (MET) as a standard anti-diabetic drug for four weeks. Compared to controls, HFD/STZ-treatment lead to significant increases in fasting blood glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR levels. Furthermore, diabetic rats had elevated hepatic (ALT and ALP) and kidney functions (urea and creatinine) biomarkers together with disturbed lipid profile and decreased PPAR-γ gene expression. Higher levels of hepatic and renal LPO and NO paralleled with lower levels of GSH and activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx and GR) after HFD/STZ treatment. Additionally, noteworthy inflammatory and apoptotic responses were evident in both organs of diabetic rats as witnessed by augmented levels of TNF-α, IL-1b and Bax levels with declined levels of Bcl-2. Moreover, histological examination of hepatic, renal and pancreatic tissues validated the biochemical findings. On contrary, co-treatment of diabetic animals with HOE or HOETF could decrease glucose and insulin levels together with improvement of lipid markers and alleviation of hepatorenal dysfunction, oxidative injury, inflammatory and apoptotic events. Conclusively, HOE or HOETF could be a promising complementary therapeutic option for the management of diabetic hepatorenal complication owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory; anti-apoptotic properties.

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2021

Background: Drawbacks and side effects of currently available therapies to colorectal cancer (CRC... more Background: Drawbacks and side effects of currently available therapies to colorectal cancer (CRC) have compelled researchers to search for new therapeutic strategies. Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effects of zinc nanoparticles biosynthesized with berberine (ZnNPs-BER) on Caco-2 cells compared to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and explore the possible underlying pathways. Methods: Caco-2 and Vero cells were treated with 5-FU, BER, or ZnNPs-BER for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Oxidative stress and apoptotic markers and cell cycle were determined. Additionally, Cox-2 and NF-kB levels were also measured. Results: The IC50 values of 5-FU, BER, and ZnNPs-BER on Caco-2 cells were found to be 34.65 μM, 19.86 μg/ml and 10.49 μg/ml, respectively by MTT assay. The IC50 value for 5-FU in Vero cells was 21.7 μg/ml, however, BER and BER-ZnNPs treatment showed non-toxic effects on the Vero cells. Further, ZnNPs-BER exerted significant induction of ROS besides exh...

Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021

Background: Cancer is a progressive disease, its incidence and death rates are rapidly increasing... more Background: Cancer is a progressive disease, its incidence and death rates are rapidly increasing globally. Numerous adverse effects are associated with the available interventions. Hence, the current study was undertaken to explore the anticancer effect of silver nanoparticles conjugated with berberine (AgNPs-BER) against Ehrlich solid carcinoma (ESC) in mice. Methods: Male Swiss albino mice were allocated randomly into ESC, ESC+cisplatin (CP; 5 mg/kg), ESC+AgNPs-BER (20 mg/kg), and ESC+cisplatin and AgNPs-BER groups. Results: AgNPs-BER administration increased significantly the survival rate and decreased body weight and tumor size as compared to ESC group. Additionally, AgNPs-BER enhanced the development of oxidative stress in the tumor tissue as indicated by the increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) accompanied by a decrease in the examined antioxidant proteins (glutathione (GSH) and its derived enzymes along with superoxide dismutase and catalase). AgNPs-BER ...

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 2010

In the present study, a cross-sectional survey of intestinal parasitic and bacterial infections i... more In the present study, a cross-sectional survey of intestinal parasitic and bacterial infections in relation to diarrhoea in Vhembe district and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolated bacterial pathogens was conducted. Stool samples were collected from 528 patients attending major public hospitals and 295 children attending two public primary schools and were analyzed by standard microbiological and parasitological techniques. Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (34.2%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (25.5%) were the most common parasitic causes of diarrhoea among the hospital attendees while Giardia lamblia (12.8%) was the most common cause of diarrhoea among the primary school children (p<0.05). Schistosoma mansoni (14.4%) was more common in non-diarrhoeal samples at both hospitals (16.9%) and schools (17.6%). Campylobacter spp. (24.9%), Aeromonas spp. (20.8%), and Shigella spp. (8.5%) were the most common bacterial causes of diarrhoea among the hospital attendees while Campylobacter (12.8%) and Aeromonas spp. (12.8%) were most common in diarrhoeal samples from school children. Vibrio spp. was less common (3% in the hospitals) and were all associated with diarrhoea. Antimicrobial resistance was common among the bacterial isolates but ceftriaxone (91%) and ciprofloxacin (88.6%) showed stronger activities against all the organisms. The present study has demonstrated that E. histolytica/dispar, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Cyclospora are common parasitic causes of diarrhoea in Vhembe district while Campylobacter spp. and Aeromonas are the most common bacterial causes of diarrhoea in Vhembe district of South Africa.

Journal of Applied Sciences …, 2010

Out of 135 bacterial isolates; 63 E. coli isolates were identified. Five strains of enterotoxigen... more Out of 135 bacterial isolates; 63 E. coli isolates were identified. Five strains of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were determined by agglutination test. ETEC strains were subjected for protein fractionation to get toxin subunits in pure form. Each fraction was tested for toxicity to mice. Fractions 2, 3 and 4 of ETEC strain N 27 were toxic to mice after 24 hours. Fraction 3 (ETEC strain N 4), o. o. fraction 3 (ETEC strain N 45) and fractions 5 and 6 of ETEC strain N 66 were also toxic to mice after o. o. 24 hours and mortality ratio recorded 100%. The protein content of all toxic fractions ranged from 59 to 95 mg/ml, while non toxic fractions ranged from 8 to 159 mg/ml. The most common amino acids detected in all fractions were glutamic acid, aspartic acid (except ETEC strain N 27, fraction 4), serine (except o. strain N 66, fraction 5) and glycine (except strain N 17, fraction 3). Histidine and citrulline were o. o. detected only in fractions 3 and 5 of ETEC strains N 17 and 66 respectively. o .

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2020

Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous element with known toxicity for both humans and animals. Herein, we... more Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous element with known toxicity for both humans and animals. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential role of melatonin (MEL) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity following aluminum chloride (AlCl3) treatment in rats. Adult male rats were treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bwt) for eight weeks. Exposure to AlCl3 enhanced the serum activities of the liver transaminases (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) and increased the level of bilirubin, in addition to the serum kidney function markers urea and creatinine. AlCl3 intoxication boosted oxidative stress, as evidenced by increases in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) along with simultaneous decreases in the levels of glutathione (GSH), various antioxidant enzymes, and Nrf2 mRNA expression. MEL (5 mg/kg bwt) treatment repressed LPO and NO levels, whereas it augmented GSH content. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD, CAT, and GR were also restored c...

Pharmaceutical Sciences