Farhad khodadad kashi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Farhad khodadad kashi

The Journal of Planning and Budgeting

The purpose of this article is to identify the effect of the type of labor market contract on the... more The purpose of this article is to identify the effect of the type of labor market contract on the productivity growth of total factor productivity (TFP) in Iran's manufacturing industries. For this purpose, using panel data to avoid the problem of simultaneity in the production function, productivity was measured by Levinsohn and Petrin's semiparametric methods. Then, by using the skill intensity index, industries were divided into skilled and unskilled sections. In evaluating the impact of labor market contract type on productivity growth in skilled and unskilled sectors, the effect of two Schumpeterian growth variables on productivity growth of the leadership industry and the productivity gap between each industry and the leading industry was also estimated. The results indicate that, first, temporary employment (TE) has a negative effect on productivity growth, but is more harmful in the skilled sectors; second, the positive impact of the relative productivity gap and the productivity growth of the leadership industry is consistent with the Schumpeterian growth literature.

International Journal of Learning and Development, 2013

This paper is to investigate the effect of research and development on total factor productivity ... more This paper is to investigate the effect of research and development on total factor productivity at the level of manufacturing sector of Iran during 2001-2007. We have used translog production function. The results indicate that research and development has a positive and insignificant impact on productivity. We find that the production function isnot a cob-douglas one and also the return of scale in manufacturing sector of Iran is increasing. This insignificant relationship can be explained by the gap of R&D expenditure ratio between Iran and other countries. According to the little R&D expenditure impact on productivity in manufacturing sector, Policymakers must pay more attention on R&D activities in Iran.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of green tax on the emi... more The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of green tax on the emission of environmental pollutants in Iran. To achieve this goal, used data were related to the period of 1358-1391 and also Auto Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) method has been is used. Research results indicated that Green taxes have a negative effect on emissions of pollutants in Iran. Furthermore, Economic growth and population have significant and positive relationship with pollutants emissions and research and development expenditure and degrees of freedom have a negative relationship with their emissions. The findings also show that the amount of pollutants emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide for each was period80, 30 and 50 percent of adjusted deviations respectively, and moves towards its long-run equilibrium.

Journal of Research in Economic Modeling, 2018

The present study examined the impact of financial development on the investment of the companies... more The present study examined the impact of financial development on the investment of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. To achieve this goal, data gathered from 258 companies during 2005 to 2016 and the dynamic generalized method of moments were utilized to formulate the investment model with financial constraints. The results of the study showed that these companies faced financial constraints on investment and financial development has increased their investment by reducing the financial constraints. The results also indicated that the positive effect of financial development on investment has been bigger in the case of larger companies than in smaller companies. It was further revealed that during the economic boom, financial constraints on companies were reduced and financial development led to the reinforcement of the positive effect of the boom on reduction of the companies' financial constraints.

International Journal of Information Science and Management, Dec 29, 2014

Quarterly Journal of Economic Research and Policies

Journal of Monetary and Banking Research (فصلنامه پژوهش‌های پولی-بانکی), 2017

Journal of Economic Modeling Research, May 10, 2021

Faslnāmah-i Pizhūhish/Nāmah-i Iqtisādī, 2013

Illegal importation of goods (smuggling), is one of the most important barrier of economic growth... more Illegal importation of goods (smuggling), is one of the most important barrier of economic growth in Iran. Smuggling is a serious challenge to development of industrial sector and entrepreneurship and a barrier to the expansion of productive capacity of Iranian Economy. Iranian textile industry is adversely affected by smuggling. In addition to smuggling, old and worn machinery, low productivity, lack of access to liquidity and low scale of production are the main problems of the Iranian textile industry. In this paper we attempt to evaluate the effects of smuggling on productivity of Iranian textile industry during the period 1996-2007. To achieve this goal, we first estimate the volume of smuggling and then, by applying the ARDL method, we analyze the effects of smuggling on the productivity of textile industry. Our findings indicate that smuggling has a significant and negative effect on productivity growth of Iranian textile industry.

The Journal of Planning and Budgeting, 2019

The main purpose of this study is to measure the productivity and efficiency of Iran's airline in... more The main purpose of this study is to measure the productivity and efficiency of Iran's airline industry. To meet this ends, the data of 12 companies in the airline industry were used over the period 2011-2018. Also, this article sought to measure total factor productivity, technological progress, scale efficiency, and changes in technical efficiency by using a stochastic frontier and parametric approaches. The results show that the highest total factor productivity and change efficiency occurred in 2014. Moreover, among the effective factors on productivity, the change efficiency and economies of scale have the greatest impact. Although some of the companies exhausted all the scale economies, some still have not done that yet. Therefore, by increasing product scale and air fleet capacity, economies of scale can be exploited further. In addition, the results imply that increasing the market share of each company leads to a reduction of inefficiency in this industry. Thus market share being aligned with technological progress, scale efficiency and change efficiency are the determining factors in enhancing total factor productivity and efficiency in this industry.

Iranian National Tax Administration, 2010

One of the main problems of localization models is simplifying assumptions on consumers' dist... more One of the main problems of localization models is simplifying assumptions on consumers' distribution on the streets or city. Localization methods usually use uniform distribution patterns while in real world, this kind of distribution is unavailable, and the consumers are mostly accumulated in centers rather than margins. Using triangular distribution for consumers and concerning uncertainty of the quality of products of firms, this paper deals with localization of firms. The results indicated that if the quality of products differs highly, then just one firm will sell its products in the market. If this difference is partial and negligible, then both firms will be active in the market. If either firm 1 or firm 2 is the only seller in the market, then it gets the highest price at final points. Furthermore, if the indifferent consumer is at the left side of the center, firm 1 will get the highest price at left margin (point 0) and if the indifferent consumer is at the right side...

iranian economic review, 2015

The Iranian banking sector has undergone huge and substantial reform in the last decade; privatiz... more The Iranian banking sector has undergone huge and substantial reform in the last decade; privatization, establishment of private banks and development of modern technologies (IT). This paper investigates the competitive condition of the Iranian banking industry over the period 2005-2010 using the H-statistic proposed by Panzar and Rosse. The properties of this non-structural methodology make it an excellent framework for assessing the degree of competition in the banking industry. To calculate H statistics, a reduced form of revenue equation was estimated. The calculated H statistics for the whole sample period was 0.7101.The extent of H statistics and the result of wald test indicate that the structure of Iranian Banking sector is neither monopoly nor competition. Our findings were in favor of monopolistic competition.

Quarterly Journal of Applied Theories of Economics, 2017

In this paper lerning intensity refers to cost-saving of labor force and productivity growth that... more In this paper lerning intensity refers to cost-saving of labor force and productivity growth that associate with experience. This process measured by using learning curve. Moreover, this article sought to examine the effects of learning rate in Iran’s manufacturing industries performance. To meet this ends the data of 130, 4-digit industries over the periods of 1996-2013 were used to identify learning effects and the extent of cost advantage of labor force owing to increased experience. The results indicated that the learning curve in all sub-sectors of industry had a negative slope as expected. Also, there was different learning rate in sub-sectors of industry, so that differences of learning rate coefficient led to increased productivity and reduced the cost of production. Of course in the majority of industries this coefficient was less than the average intensity of learning in industrial sector. In addition, similar to other variables, the effect of learning intensity on profita...

Increasing the private sector participation in economic activities and promoting competition were... more Increasing the private sector participation in economic activities and promoting competition were among the First 5 Year Socio-Economic Plan of Iran. This paper will examine the probable changes in monopoly and the size of government during this plan. By considering Concentration ratio as a proxy measure for the size of monopoly and competition, we found the Manufacturing sector of Iranian economy was highly concentrated in the beginning as well as at the end of the First Economic Plan. Furthermore, the share of government in economic activities increased during this plan, which is in contrast to the targets of the First 5 Year Socio-Economic plan and Iranian Structural Adjustment Program.

The main purposes of this article are the evaluation of competition and comparison of market powe... more The main purposes of this article are the evaluation of competition and comparison of market power in rubber and plastics industries with two non-structural approaches. To meet this ends Bresnehan-Lau (1982) and Panzar-Ross (1987) models were used. Data in 4-digit industries for rubber and plastics sub-sectors over the period of 1995-2011 collected from Iran’s statistical center. Equations used in this study consist of supply-demand and reduced form revenue functions estimated with two stage least squares fixed effect (FE2SLS) and least square dummy variables (LSDV) methods respectively. Results indicated that the extent of conjectural variation coefficient was about θ=0.82 because of the fact that firms cooperate with each other, therefore there was imperfect competition structure in this sector. On the other hand, the sum of elasticity’s reduced form revenue with respect to input price was about H=0.81, so market structure was featured as a monopolistic competition. In addition, C...

. Abstract: Increase in government spending can lead to increase in production, supply of public ... more . Abstract: Increase in government spending can lead to increase in production, supply of public goods and services as well as utility. However, it should be noted that increasing the role of government in the economy will cause crowding out of the private sector and this will reduce the utility. The present study is looking for Iran's optimal growth rate of government's spending using time series data in the years 1978-2014. via a dynamic optimal control theory approach and the maximum principle. The results show that, the optimal growth rate of government's expenditure is 7% and the main factors affecting this rate is the ratio of private and public sector investment. Therefore, the current growth rate of government's spending is not optimal and the government needs to control the growth rate of spending especially current expenditure.