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Papers by Farhan Salam

Journal of Medical Sciences, Apr 14, 2018

Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive he... more Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing impairment in children.

The professional medical journal, Aug 4, 2018

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgica... more Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis after failure of medical treatment. In order to present the formation of synechie nasal packing is performed. Moreover, it also helps in supporting the process of wound healing and prevention of postoperative bleeding. Objectives: To determine the frequency of synechiae formation after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients presenting with nasal polyps. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Services Hospital Lahore. Period: Six months from 03-10-2013 to 02-04-2014. Methodology: A total of 150 cases were included in this study. Patients were treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and were followed at the end of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th week postoperatively for the development of synechiae (as per operational definition). Results: The age of majority of patients was from 20 to 40 years and minimum patients were < 20 years old. Mean age of the patients was 35.30±10.54 years. Male patients were 80 (53.3%) while female patients were 70 (46.7%). Synechiae formation was observed in 28 patients (18.7%). Conclusion: Synechiae formation was developed in 18.4% of the patients after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018

Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive he... more Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing impairmentin children.Material and Methods: This prospective, longitudinal and analytical study was conducted in the departments of ENTHead & Neck Surgery, MTI Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan and Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciencessimultaneously from July 2015 to December 2016. Patients from 4 to 11 years age presented to outpatients departmentsof these two institutes and diagnosed as having enlarged adenoids on the basis of history, clinical examination wereincluded in the study. Radiological and audio logical assessment was done in all patients to compliment the diagnosis.Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16.Results: In total 96 patients ranging from4 to 11 years, male to female ratio was 1.4 to 1. Most of the patients (45.83%)included were in the age range of 6 to 8 years. Mouth breathing (61.45%) and hearing impairment (57.25%) were thetwo common ...

Objective: To determine the frequency of occult metastases in cervical lymph nodes in patients wi... more Objective: To determine the frequency of occult metastases in cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity presenting at government tertiary care facilities of Karachi and Peshawar. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Department of Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) and Head and Neck Surgery Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from June 2009 to February 2011. Fifty six patients were included who fulfilled the inclusion criteria after taking the informed consent. Results: A total of 56 punch biopsy proven cases of squamous cell carcinoma of all the sub sites of oral cavity with all T-stages were included in this study. The average age of the patients was 47.7±13.06 years (95% CI: 44.2 to 51.19) and minimum age of the patients was 22 years and maximum age was 75 years. Out of 56 patients, 37 (66.1%) were male and 19 (33.9%) were female. There are two hospitals from where p...

Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016

Background: Nasal obstruction is the most common presenting complaint in ENT practice. Nasal obst... more Background: Nasal obstruction is the most common presenting complaint in ENT practice. Nasal obstruction has many adverse effects which include mouth breathing, dryness of mouth, disordered sleep and reduced lung volumes. Turbinate hypertrophy is frequently the base of nasal obstructive diseases. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of cryosurgery and submucosal diathermy in terms of relief of nasal obstruction caused by hypertrophied inferior turbinates. Material & Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at ENT Department, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan for six months. A total of 106 patients (53 in each group) were observed. Consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for sample collection. Chi-square test was used to compare the efficacy in two groups and p≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of patients in cryosurgery was 28±1.59 years while in submucosal diathermy 30±2.11 years. In cryosurgery 55% pati...

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat, 1969

BACKGROUND: Salivary gland neoplasms make about 3 % of all Head & Neck tumours. Thesetumors are u... more BACKGROUND: Salivary gland neoplasms make about 3 % of all Head & Neck tumours. Thesetumors are uncommon, accounting for 10 to 15% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Unfortunately themajority of such tumours are malignant. The study aims to give an account of the nature of these tumors.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the departmentsof ENT Head & Neck Surgery of two main tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa i.e. PGMIHayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar and PGMI Govt lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from July2008 to June 2013. Data extracted from charts review of patients contained age, sex, geographicaldistribution, symptoms, histopathological diagnosis, and treatment. Patients presented to thesedepartments with lesions on the palate and who were managed there were included in the audit. Datathus obtained were analyzed using SPSS 16.RESULTS: A total of 46 patients including 19 male and 27 female presented with primary neoplasmsoriginat...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Introduction: Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease involvingmucous membrane in ... more Introduction: Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease involvingmucous membrane in paranasal sinuses and nose. It presents as gelatinous, semitranslucent,smooth, pedunculated pear or round shaped masses comprising of inflamed mucosa thatout-pouches into nose. The available surgical options are Functional Endoscopic SinusSurgery (FESS) and Conventional Intranasal Polypectomy (CIP). The study aims to compareFESS and CIP in sinonasal polyposis patient in term of symptomatic improvement. StudyDesign: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Department of head n’ neck surgery andOtorhinolaryngology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Period: 01-01-2015 to20-08-2015. Methodology: A total of 84 patients presenting with nasal polyposis were enrolled.Out of these 84 patients, 42 patients were randomly selected for FESS (Group-A). Rest of the42 patients were selected for CIP (Group-B). All the information recorded on the Performawas entered and analysed using SPSS v...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgica... more Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis after failure of medical treatment. In order to present the formation of synechie nasal packing is performed. Moreover, it also helps in supporting the process of wound healing and prevention of postoperative bleeding. Objectives: To determine the frequency of synechiae formation after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients presenting with nasal polyps. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Services Hospital Lahore. Period: Six months from 03-10-2013 to 02-04-2014. Methodology: A total of 150 cases were included in this study. Patients were treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and were followed at the end of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th week postoperatively for the development of synechiae (as per operational definition). Results: The age of majority of patients was from 20 to 40 years and minimum patients were < 20 years old. Mean age of the patients was 35.30±10.54 years. Male patients were 80 (53.3%) while female patients were 70 (46.7%). Synechiae formation was observed in 28 patients (18.7%). Conclusion: Synechiae formation was developed in 18.4% of the patients after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Thyroid surgery is performed very frequently now a day. Previously it was used to be associated w... more Thyroid surgery is performed very frequently now a day. Previously it was used to be associated with high morbidity especially hoarseness. This complication is now almost negligible as most of the surgeons are well acquainted with the anatomical knowledge of the nerves in relation to the gland. The objective of this study was to find out variable anatomical relationships between Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Inferior Thyroid Artery in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in Government Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar and Abasyn Hospital (Private) Peshawar from May 2010 to June 2014. Patients undergoing surgery for benign goiters, T1, T2 well differentiated thyroid cancers without lymph node involvement was included. Data on various types of relationships between RLN and ITA were recorded. In total 271 patients operated and included in the study, 117 were male and 154 were female. Total of 398 RLNs were identified in 416 sides oper...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2016

Objectives: To compare mean operative time and Intra operative blood lossbetween bipolar electro ... more Objectives: To compare mean operative time and Intra operative blood lossbetween bipolar electro dissection and cold dissection tonsillectomy in paediatric population.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: Department of ENT and Headand Neck Surgery, Continental Medical College, Hospital Lahore, from 1 January 2015 to 30September 2015. Materials and Methods: This study included 164 patients of age group 4 to12 years of either gender undergoing tonsillectomy. The patients were divided into two equalgroups designated as A and B each having 82 patients using simple random sampling. Patientsin group A were operated for tonsillectomy by bipolar electrocautry while group B underwenttonsillectomy by cold steel dissection method. All patients in both groups were assessed foroperating time and intra-operative blood loss. Results: Out of 82 cases of Bipolar DissectionGroup 49(60%) patients were male and 33(40%) patients were female. Whereas in 82 casesof Cold Dissection...

Journal of Medical Sciences, Apr 14, 2018

Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive he... more Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing impairment in children.

The professional medical journal, Aug 4, 2018

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgica... more Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis after failure of medical treatment. In order to present the formation of synechie nasal packing is performed. Moreover, it also helps in supporting the process of wound healing and prevention of postoperative bleeding. Objectives: To determine the frequency of synechiae formation after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients presenting with nasal polyps. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Services Hospital Lahore. Period: Six months from 03-10-2013 to 02-04-2014. Methodology: A total of 150 cases were included in this study. Patients were treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and were followed at the end of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th week postoperatively for the development of synechiae (as per operational definition). Results: The age of majority of patients was from 20 to 40 years and minimum patients were < 20 years old. Mean age of the patients was 35.30±10.54 years. Male patients were 80 (53.3%) while female patients were 70 (46.7%). Synechiae formation was observed in 28 patients (18.7%). Conclusion: Synechiae formation was developed in 18.4% of the patients after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018

Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive he... more Objective: To find out the causal effect relationship between enlarged adenoids and conductive hearing impairmentin children.Material and Methods: This prospective, longitudinal and analytical study was conducted in the departments of ENTHead & Neck Surgery, MTI Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan and Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciencessimultaneously from July 2015 to December 2016. Patients from 4 to 11 years age presented to outpatients departmentsof these two institutes and diagnosed as having enlarged adenoids on the basis of history, clinical examination wereincluded in the study. Radiological and audio logical assessment was done in all patients to compliment the diagnosis.Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16.Results: In total 96 patients ranging from4 to 11 years, male to female ratio was 1.4 to 1. Most of the patients (45.83%)included were in the age range of 6 to 8 years. Mouth breathing (61.45%) and hearing impairment (57.25%) were thetwo common ...

Objective: To determine the frequency of occult metastases in cervical lymph nodes in patients wi... more Objective: To determine the frequency of occult metastases in cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity presenting at government tertiary care facilities of Karachi and Peshawar. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Department of Ear, Nose, Throat (ENT) and Head and Neck Surgery Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar and Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from June 2009 to February 2011. Fifty six patients were included who fulfilled the inclusion criteria after taking the informed consent. Results: A total of 56 punch biopsy proven cases of squamous cell carcinoma of all the sub sites of oral cavity with all T-stages were included in this study. The average age of the patients was 47.7±13.06 years (95% CI: 44.2 to 51.19) and minimum age of the patients was 22 years and maximum age was 75 years. Out of 56 patients, 37 (66.1%) were male and 19 (33.9%) were female. There are two hospitals from where p...

Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences, 2016

Background: Nasal obstruction is the most common presenting complaint in ENT practice. Nasal obst... more Background: Nasal obstruction is the most common presenting complaint in ENT practice. Nasal obstruction has many adverse effects which include mouth breathing, dryness of mouth, disordered sleep and reduced lung volumes. Turbinate hypertrophy is frequently the base of nasal obstructive diseases. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of cryosurgery and submucosal diathermy in terms of relief of nasal obstruction caused by hypertrophied inferior turbinates. Material & Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at ENT Department, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan for six months. A total of 106 patients (53 in each group) were observed. Consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for sample collection. Chi-square test was used to compare the efficacy in two groups and p≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of patients in cryosurgery was 28±1.59 years while in submucosal diathermy 30±2.11 years. In cryosurgery 55% pati...

Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat, 1969

BACKGROUND: Salivary gland neoplasms make about 3 % of all Head & Neck tumours. Thesetumors are u... more BACKGROUND: Salivary gland neoplasms make about 3 % of all Head & Neck tumours. Thesetumors are uncommon, accounting for 10 to 15% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Unfortunately themajority of such tumours are malignant. The study aims to give an account of the nature of these tumors.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the departmentsof ENT Head & Neck Surgery of two main tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa i.e. PGMIHayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar and PGMI Govt lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from July2008 to June 2013. Data extracted from charts review of patients contained age, sex, geographicaldistribution, symptoms, histopathological diagnosis, and treatment. Patients presented to thesedepartments with lesions on the palate and who were managed there were included in the audit. Datathus obtained were analyzed using SPSS 16.RESULTS: A total of 46 patients including 19 male and 27 female presented with primary neoplasmsoriginat...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Introduction: Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease involvingmucous membrane in ... more Introduction: Nasal polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease involvingmucous membrane in paranasal sinuses and nose. It presents as gelatinous, semitranslucent,smooth, pedunculated pear or round shaped masses comprising of inflamed mucosa thatout-pouches into nose. The available surgical options are Functional Endoscopic SinusSurgery (FESS) and Conventional Intranasal Polypectomy (CIP). The study aims to compareFESS and CIP in sinonasal polyposis patient in term of symptomatic improvement. StudyDesign: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Department of head n’ neck surgery andOtorhinolaryngology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Period: 01-01-2015 to20-08-2015. Methodology: A total of 84 patients presenting with nasal polyposis were enrolled.Out of these 84 patients, 42 patients were randomly selected for FESS (Group-A). Rest of the42 patients were selected for CIP (Group-B). All the information recorded on the Performawas entered and analysed using SPSS v...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2018

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgica... more Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is now undoubtedly the procedure of choice for surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis after failure of medical treatment. In order to present the formation of synechie nasal packing is performed. Moreover, it also helps in supporting the process of wound healing and prevention of postoperative bleeding. Objectives: To determine the frequency of synechiae formation after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients presenting with nasal polyps. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Services Hospital Lahore. Period: Six months from 03-10-2013 to 02-04-2014. Methodology: A total of 150 cases were included in this study. Patients were treated by functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and were followed at the end of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th week postoperatively for the development of synechiae (as per operational definition). Results: The age of majority of patients was from 20 to 40 years and minimum patients were < 20 years old. Mean age of the patients was 35.30±10.54 years. Male patients were 80 (53.3%) while female patients were 70 (46.7%). Synechiae formation was observed in 28 patients (18.7%). Conclusion: Synechiae formation was developed in 18.4% of the patients after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Thyroid surgery is performed very frequently now a day. Previously it was used to be associated w... more Thyroid surgery is performed very frequently now a day. Previously it was used to be associated with high morbidity especially hoarseness. This complication is now almost negligible as most of the surgeons are well acquainted with the anatomical knowledge of the nerves in relation to the gland. The objective of this study was to find out variable anatomical relationships between Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Inferior Thyroid Artery in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in Government Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar and Abasyn Hospital (Private) Peshawar from May 2010 to June 2014. Patients undergoing surgery for benign goiters, T1, T2 well differentiated thyroid cancers without lymph node involvement was included. Data on various types of relationships between RLN and ITA were recorded. In total 271 patients operated and included in the study, 117 were male and 154 were female. Total of 398 RLNs were identified in 416 sides oper...

The Professional Medical Journal, 2016

Objectives: To compare mean operative time and Intra operative blood lossbetween bipolar electro ... more Objectives: To compare mean operative time and Intra operative blood lossbetween bipolar electro dissection and cold dissection tonsillectomy in paediatric population.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: Department of ENT and Headand Neck Surgery, Continental Medical College, Hospital Lahore, from 1 January 2015 to 30September 2015. Materials and Methods: This study included 164 patients of age group 4 to12 years of either gender undergoing tonsillectomy. The patients were divided into two equalgroups designated as A and B each having 82 patients using simple random sampling. Patientsin group A were operated for tonsillectomy by bipolar electrocautry while group B underwenttonsillectomy by cold steel dissection method. All patients in both groups were assessed foroperating time and intra-operative blood loss. Results: Out of 82 cases of Bipolar DissectionGroup 49(60%) patients were male and 33(40%) patients were female. Whereas in 82 casesof Cold Dissection...