Farid Harouadi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Farid Harouadi
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
The hot and dry climate of countries with arid and semi-arid zones is the main reason that poultr... more The hot and dry climate of countries with arid and semi-arid zones is the main reason that poultry products are less available and more expensive than elsewhere. Investing in livestock in these regions requires the use of suitable cooling systems that humidifies the dry air and lowers its temperature. Thermal environment control in poultry houses is greatly recommended to ensure good productivity. In the present work, a cooling solution was proposed with very low energy consumption and that did not use harmful refrigerants, for economic, ecological, and sustainable farming. It consists of a two-stage indirect/direct evaporative cooling system that reduces the temperature and increases specific humidity to maintain animal comfort conditions inside the poultry house. Biskra City in Algeria with a hot and dry climate was employed as a case study. The evaporative cooling system used the outside air, for air circulation needs in the poultry houses.
Proceedings of the I MECH E Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2000
... The Ruston and Hornsby engine was selected as an example for calcula-tion and comparison of r... more ... The Ruston and Hornsby engine was selected as an example for calcula-tion and comparison of results. ... Indeed, it is found that the effect of misalignment angle on the bearing per-formance operating under dynamic loading is almost negligible, as shown by Nicolas [9] and ...
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2000
A comparison of the dynamic performance characteristics of two misaligned crankshaft bearings bel... more A comparison of the dynamic performance characteristics of two misaligned crankshaft bearings belonging to a four-stroke petrol engine is carried out in this paper. The misalignment considered varies in magnitude during the running cycle. Under the dynamic conditions, the performance characteristics such as minimum film thickness, shaft centre orbit, friction torque and flowrate are obtained by using the mobility method of Booker. The main results obtained show that the presence of even a small skew of the main journal axis can cause metal-to-metal contact at one of the bearing edges.
Procedia Engineering, 2012
L'analyse aerodynamique de la combustion turbulente dans un moteur alimente en gaz naturel, d... more L'analyse aerodynamique de la combustion turbulente dans un moteur alimente en gaz naturel, depend fortement des caracteristiques de la turbulence et celles des flammes laminaires. La structure de la flamme turbulente a haut regime de fonctionnement du moteur est situee entre la flamme plissee pour un melange relativement riche, et celui de flammelettes avec formation de poches de gaz frais pour un melange pauvre. Cette structure dechiquetee du front de flamme revele le caractere instable de la (...)
Revue Générale de Thermique, 1995
NO x control and special aspects of combustion kinetics. The use of methane in spark ignited inte... more NO x control and special aspects of combustion kinetics. The use of methane in spark ignited internal combustion engines is an interesting process, both in terms of energetics and pollution. About this last point, the abilities of air-methane engine allows to obtain, directly, nitrogen oxide levels equal to or better than those obtained with three way catalytic exhausts. We give the main results about nitrogen oxide emission obtained from a 185 kW bus engine. This engine produces as little as 5 g/kWh of NO x , over a normal duty period, and 2 g/kWh, as a prototype on test bench. Near the lean fuel limit, the tests show the possibility to obtain less than 1 g/kWh. A phenomenological analysis of confined turbulent combustion allows to develop a global kinetic model for the whole combustion chamber in a general form of F s (1-F s ). This model is confronted with experimental results from a real engine. After adjustment of only one characteristic parameter, it describes well the differe...
La premiere partie de cette these resume les caracteristiques des gaz naturels et leur specificit... more La premiere partie de cette these resume les caracteristiques des gaz naturels et leur specificite liee a leur utilisation dans les moteurs. La deuxieme partie decrit le support experimental. Il s'agit d'un moteur r. V. I. Mips 620 045 dans une version de carburation gaz naturel a allumage commande, avec un taux de compression de 12,5:1. Ce moteur est dote d'une chaine de mesure et d'acquisition de donnees. La troisieme partie est consacree a une etude des defauts de combustion rates en limite pauvre. L'analyse met en evidence deux types de rates. Le premier est d'origine electrique et peut etre maitrise par un allumage a plus haute energie. Le deuxieme est propre a la combustion et se produit dans les melanges tres pauvres. La quatrieme partie concerne la mise au point de deux modeles thermodynamiques pour reconstituer la cinetique de la combustion a partir du signal de pression. Le premier modele est de type une zone avec une temperature moyenne liee a l...
During the 16 th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France... more During the 16 th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France), an important project appeared, it concerns the production and export of solar hydrogen in the Mediterranean context (Maghreb - Europe), proposed in the Algiers Declaration of the Hydrogen of origin renewable in 2005. The present article exposes a study on the appropriateness and the feasibility of the Project, as well as the fundamental elements for a scientific and technique accompaniment of this important project. Mots cles: Energie Solaire - Hydrogene - Production - Reseau Gazoduc - Nappe du Continental.
During the 16th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France)... more During the 16th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France), an important project appeared, the Maghreb-Europe Project for production and export of solar hydrogen, proposed in the Algiers Declaration of the hydrogen of origin renewable and directed by the researchers efforts of the Renewable Energies Development Center of Algiers (CDER) and members of the European company of Hydrogen Technologies (CETH). The present introductory communication exposes a scientific study on the appropriateness and the feasibility of the Project, as well as the objectives, missions and the fundamental elements for a scientific and technique accompaniment of this important project.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009
Mediterranean Hydrogen Solar (MedHySol) is a federator project for development of a massive hydro... more Mediterranean Hydrogen Solar (MedHySol) is a federator project for development of a massive hydrogen production starting from solar energy and its exportation within a framework of a Euro-Maghrebian Cooperation project for industrial and energetic needs in the Mediterranean basin. The proposal of this project is included in the Algiers Declaration's on Hydrogen from Renewable Origin following the organization of the first international workshop on hydrogen which was held in 2005. Algeria is the privileged site to receive the MedHySol platform. The objective of the first step of the project is to realize a technological platform allowing the evaluation of emergent technologies of hydrogen production from solar energy with a significant size (10-100 kW) and to maintain the development of energetic rupture technologies. The second step of the project is to implement the most effective and less expensive technologies to pilot great projects (1-1000 MW). In this article we present the potentialities and the feasibility of MedHySol, as well as the fundamental elements for a scientific and technical supervision of this great project.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009
The global sustainability is a key word of the future energy system for human beings. It should b... more The global sustainability is a key word of the future energy system for human beings. It should be friendly to our earth. Hydrogen energy is a critical resource to sustainable energy development. Over the coming decades, rapid economic growth will necessitate expanded and diversified energy supplies. This study is proposed to illustrate the attention to the opportunities and possibilities of connecting the energy consumer in North Mediterranean countries, to the reservoir of the Great Sahara of North Africa using hydrogen as a solar energy carrier. It also discusses cooperation between North Africa and north sides of the Mediterranean that has been going on for a long time, in oil and natural gas industry, and why can not be done in solar hydrogen energy industry, which will reduce pollution and will last for ever. Clearly, North Africa is major bilateral partner with the Europe and the people of the two shares of the Mediterranean will be work together and to built strategic relationships for many decades. In the future, North Africa countries are wellpositioned to play a greater role in the Europe clean energy equation. Demographically, interregional migration due to economic concerns will decline. Now, there are good chances to start such cooperation for the benefits of all partners. Résumé-La durabilité mondiale est un mot clé du futur système d'énergie pour les êtres humains. Il doit être respectueux de notre terre. L'hydrogène énergie est une ressource essentielle pour un développement énergétique durable. Dans les prochaines décennies, une croissance économique rapide est attendue nécessitant un élargissement et une diversification dans l'approvisionnement en énergie. Cette étude se propose d'illustrer l'attention sur les opportunités et les possibilités de connexion pour l'approvisionnement énergétique dans les pays de la Méditerranée du Nord à partir du réservoir du Grand Sahara de l'Afrique du Nord en utilisant l'hydrogène comme vecteur énergétique renouvelable. Cette étude examine également la coopération entre les pays de l'Afrique du Nord et ceux du Nord de la Méditerranée, qui date depuis longtemps, dans l'industrie pétrolière et gazière, et pourquoi pas qu'elle ne se fasse pas dans l'industrie solaire, avec l'hydrogène, afin de permettre la réduction de la pollution. Manifestement, les pays de l'Afrique du Nord sont les principaux partenaires bilatéraux avec l'Europe et les peuples des deux parties de la Méditerranée seraient de travailler ensemble et de construire des relations stratégiques pour les prochaines décennies. Dans l'avenir, les pays d'Afrique du Nord sont bien placés pour jouer un grand rôle en Europe dans les énergies propres. Démographiquement, les migrations interrégionales en raison de préoccupations économiques vont diminuer. Maintenant, il existe de bonnes chances pour entamer une telle coopération avantageuse pour l'ensemble des partenaires.
Procedia Engineering, 2012
The Climate change has seriously impacted on the environment of the human beings. Though
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
The hot and dry climate of countries with arid and semi-arid zones is the main reason that poultr... more The hot and dry climate of countries with arid and semi-arid zones is the main reason that poultry products are less available and more expensive than elsewhere. Investing in livestock in these regions requires the use of suitable cooling systems that humidifies the dry air and lowers its temperature. Thermal environment control in poultry houses is greatly recommended to ensure good productivity. In the present work, a cooling solution was proposed with very low energy consumption and that did not use harmful refrigerants, for economic, ecological, and sustainable farming. It consists of a two-stage indirect/direct evaporative cooling system that reduces the temperature and increases specific humidity to maintain animal comfort conditions inside the poultry house. Biskra City in Algeria with a hot and dry climate was employed as a case study. The evaporative cooling system used the outside air, for air circulation needs in the poultry houses.
Proceedings of the I MECH E Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2000
... The Ruston and Hornsby engine was selected as an example for calcula-tion and comparison of r... more ... The Ruston and Hornsby engine was selected as an example for calcula-tion and comparison of results. ... Indeed, it is found that the effect of misalignment angle on the bearing per-formance operating under dynamic loading is almost negligible, as shown by Nicolas [9] and ...
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2000
A comparison of the dynamic performance characteristics of two misaligned crankshaft bearings bel... more A comparison of the dynamic performance characteristics of two misaligned crankshaft bearings belonging to a four-stroke petrol engine is carried out in this paper. The misalignment considered varies in magnitude during the running cycle. Under the dynamic conditions, the performance characteristics such as minimum film thickness, shaft centre orbit, friction torque and flowrate are obtained by using the mobility method of Booker. The main results obtained show that the presence of even a small skew of the main journal axis can cause metal-to-metal contact at one of the bearing edges.
Procedia Engineering, 2012
L'analyse aerodynamique de la combustion turbulente dans un moteur alimente en gaz naturel, d... more L'analyse aerodynamique de la combustion turbulente dans un moteur alimente en gaz naturel, depend fortement des caracteristiques de la turbulence et celles des flammes laminaires. La structure de la flamme turbulente a haut regime de fonctionnement du moteur est situee entre la flamme plissee pour un melange relativement riche, et celui de flammelettes avec formation de poches de gaz frais pour un melange pauvre. Cette structure dechiquetee du front de flamme revele le caractere instable de la (...)
Revue Générale de Thermique, 1995
NO x control and special aspects of combustion kinetics. The use of methane in spark ignited inte... more NO x control and special aspects of combustion kinetics. The use of methane in spark ignited internal combustion engines is an interesting process, both in terms of energetics and pollution. About this last point, the abilities of air-methane engine allows to obtain, directly, nitrogen oxide levels equal to or better than those obtained with three way catalytic exhausts. We give the main results about nitrogen oxide emission obtained from a 185 kW bus engine. This engine produces as little as 5 g/kWh of NO x , over a normal duty period, and 2 g/kWh, as a prototype on test bench. Near the lean fuel limit, the tests show the possibility to obtain less than 1 g/kWh. A phenomenological analysis of confined turbulent combustion allows to develop a global kinetic model for the whole combustion chamber in a general form of F s (1-F s ). This model is confronted with experimental results from a real engine. After adjustment of only one characteristic parameter, it describes well the differe...
La premiere partie de cette these resume les caracteristiques des gaz naturels et leur specificit... more La premiere partie de cette these resume les caracteristiques des gaz naturels et leur specificite liee a leur utilisation dans les moteurs. La deuxieme partie decrit le support experimental. Il s'agit d'un moteur r. V. I. Mips 620 045 dans une version de carburation gaz naturel a allumage commande, avec un taux de compression de 12,5:1. Ce moteur est dote d'une chaine de mesure et d'acquisition de donnees. La troisieme partie est consacree a une etude des defauts de combustion rates en limite pauvre. L'analyse met en evidence deux types de rates. Le premier est d'origine electrique et peut etre maitrise par un allumage a plus haute energie. Le deuxieme est propre a la combustion et se produit dans les melanges tres pauvres. La quatrieme partie concerne la mise au point de deux modeles thermodynamiques pour reconstituer la cinetique de la combustion a partir du signal de pression. Le premier modele est de type une zone avec une temperature moyenne liee a l...
During the 16 th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France... more During the 16 th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France), an important project appeared, it concerns the production and export of solar hydrogen in the Mediterranean context (Maghreb - Europe), proposed in the Algiers Declaration of the Hydrogen of origin renewable in 2005. The present article exposes a study on the appropriateness and the feasibility of the Project, as well as the fundamental elements for a scientific and technique accompaniment of this important project. Mots cles: Energie Solaire - Hydrogene - Production - Reseau Gazoduc - Nappe du Continental.
During the 16th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France)... more During the 16th World Hydrogen Energy Conference which held on June 13-16, 2006, in Lyon (France), an important project appeared, the Maghreb-Europe Project for production and export of solar hydrogen, proposed in the Algiers Declaration of the hydrogen of origin renewable and directed by the researchers efforts of the Renewable Energies Development Center of Algiers (CDER) and members of the European company of Hydrogen Technologies (CETH). The present introductory communication exposes a scientific study on the appropriateness and the feasibility of the Project, as well as the objectives, missions and the fundamental elements for a scientific and technique accompaniment of this important project.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009
Mediterranean Hydrogen Solar (MedHySol) is a federator project for development of a massive hydro... more Mediterranean Hydrogen Solar (MedHySol) is a federator project for development of a massive hydrogen production starting from solar energy and its exportation within a framework of a Euro-Maghrebian Cooperation project for industrial and energetic needs in the Mediterranean basin. The proposal of this project is included in the Algiers Declaration's on Hydrogen from Renewable Origin following the organization of the first international workshop on hydrogen which was held in 2005. Algeria is the privileged site to receive the MedHySol platform. The objective of the first step of the project is to realize a technological platform allowing the evaluation of emergent technologies of hydrogen production from solar energy with a significant size (10-100 kW) and to maintain the development of energetic rupture technologies. The second step of the project is to implement the most effective and less expensive technologies to pilot great projects (1-1000 MW). In this article we present the potentialities and the feasibility of MedHySol, as well as the fundamental elements for a scientific and technical supervision of this great project.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009
The global sustainability is a key word of the future energy system for human beings. It should b... more The global sustainability is a key word of the future energy system for human beings. It should be friendly to our earth. Hydrogen energy is a critical resource to sustainable energy development. Over the coming decades, rapid economic growth will necessitate expanded and diversified energy supplies. This study is proposed to illustrate the attention to the opportunities and possibilities of connecting the energy consumer in North Mediterranean countries, to the reservoir of the Great Sahara of North Africa using hydrogen as a solar energy carrier. It also discusses cooperation between North Africa and north sides of the Mediterranean that has been going on for a long time, in oil and natural gas industry, and why can not be done in solar hydrogen energy industry, which will reduce pollution and will last for ever. Clearly, North Africa is major bilateral partner with the Europe and the people of the two shares of the Mediterranean will be work together and to built strategic relationships for many decades. In the future, North Africa countries are wellpositioned to play a greater role in the Europe clean energy equation. Demographically, interregional migration due to economic concerns will decline. Now, there are good chances to start such cooperation for the benefits of all partners. Résumé-La durabilité mondiale est un mot clé du futur système d'énergie pour les êtres humains. Il doit être respectueux de notre terre. L'hydrogène énergie est une ressource essentielle pour un développement énergétique durable. Dans les prochaines décennies, une croissance économique rapide est attendue nécessitant un élargissement et une diversification dans l'approvisionnement en énergie. Cette étude se propose d'illustrer l'attention sur les opportunités et les possibilités de connexion pour l'approvisionnement énergétique dans les pays de la Méditerranée du Nord à partir du réservoir du Grand Sahara de l'Afrique du Nord en utilisant l'hydrogène comme vecteur énergétique renouvelable. Cette étude examine également la coopération entre les pays de l'Afrique du Nord et ceux du Nord de la Méditerranée, qui date depuis longtemps, dans l'industrie pétrolière et gazière, et pourquoi pas qu'elle ne se fasse pas dans l'industrie solaire, avec l'hydrogène, afin de permettre la réduction de la pollution. Manifestement, les pays de l'Afrique du Nord sont les principaux partenaires bilatéraux avec l'Europe et les peuples des deux parties de la Méditerranée seraient de travailler ensemble et de construire des relations stratégiques pour les prochaines décennies. Dans l'avenir, les pays d'Afrique du Nord sont bien placés pour jouer un grand rôle en Europe dans les énergies propres. Démographiquement, les migrations interrégionales en raison de préoccupations économiques vont diminuer. Maintenant, il existe de bonnes chances pour entamer une telle coopération avantageuse pour l'ensemble des partenaires.
Procedia Engineering, 2012
The Climate change has seriously impacted on the environment of the human beings. Though