Faris Elmahdi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Faris Elmahdi

Journal of pharmaceutical research international, Apr 13, 2024

Chronic dialysis is a life-saving treatment for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). How... more Chronic dialysis is a life-saving treatment for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, it comes with difficult challenges, cardiovascular ones being the most significant and fatal. Chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is also a common complication of chronic dialysis, as it has significant effects on growth and cardiovascular health. Infections are also a significant problem for those on chronic dialysis. The cost of dialysis and the lifestyle of Children with CKD are also not optimal, as they have a significantly lower Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than children with other chronic illnesses. Children on chronic dialysis face several difficult challenges, which differ between peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD). Most of these challenges are manageable or preventable. This review article will discuss some of the challenges that children and their families encounter during chronic dialysis strategies to manage these challenges and the outcomes of long-term kidney dialysis.

Cureus, Nov 7, 2022

In this study, we aimed to assess cytological changes and p53 expression in oral mucosa among wat... more In this study, we aimed to assess cytological changes and p53 expression in oral mucosa among waterpipe users in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methodology A case-control study was conducted in KSA from January to October 2022. Two cytologic oral smear samples each were taken from 500 volunteers; 300 were waterpipe users (case) while 200 did not use a waterpipe (control). They were then stained using the Papanicolaou staining procedure and immunocytochemical method to show the expression of P53. Results The interpretation of the Papanicolaou staining outcomes showed the presence of four results with different proportions: inflammation, infection, atypia, and keratinization. Cytological inflammation was identified among 77/300 (25.6%) waterpipe smokers, which was higher than that among non-users (12/200, 6%). The reverse cytological infection and atypia were also higher in waterpipe smokers compared with controls (9% vs. 4.5% and 4.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), and keratinization was detected only in waterpipe users (3.6%) compared with controls. Waterpipe users had higher p53 protein expression than non-users. Conclusion Using a waterpipe is an effective way to change the oral mucosa. In atypia and keratinization, there was high p53 expression. These results could indicate that p53 is involved in both the change from normal to cancerous cells and the growth of new cells, but the presence or absence of p53 staining could not be used to predict the outcome of potentially cancerous oral mucosal lesions.

Medical science, Nov 20, 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect cytological changes and Ki-67 protein expression i... more Objective: The aim of this study was to detect cytological changes and Ki-67 protein expression in oral mucosa among water pipe users. Methodology: A case control study was study was carried out in Saudi Arabia from January to October 2022, two cytological oral smear samples were taken from 500 volunteers 300 were water pipe users (case) and 200 were normal individuals (control) and were stained using the Papanicolaou staining procedure and immunocytochemical method to show the expression of Ki-67. Result: Inflammation, infection, atypia and keratinization were interpreted from Papanicolaou stains. The prevalence of cytological inflammation was higher among water pipe smokers (77/300, 25.6%) than among non water pipe users (12/200, 6%). Reverse cytological infection and atypical were higher in water pipe smokers than in control, 9% versus 4.5% and 4.3% versus 0.5%, respectively, while keratinization was only identified in water pipe users (3.6%) versus control groups. The Ki-67 protein is expressed at a higher level in water pipe users compared to non users. Conclusion: The study results concluded that water pipe users had more atypical cells and more KI-67 protein expression in the oral mucosa as compared to their non water pipe users' counter parts.

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide: despite a reg... more Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide: despite a regular, although slow, decline in incidence over the last decade. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate cytological change of sputum in smoker patients with TB. Methodology: A total of 200 sputum samples (100smoker patients were ZN stain positive (case) and 100 patients were Zn negative). Data were collected by questionnaire and the collected sputum smear were subjected to Papanicolaou stain and microscopically analyzed for studying cytological alterations. Results: The cytological finding of the case groups was as follows 28% reported with chronic inflammatory changes, 64% micro nuclear changes, 8% metaplastic changes, P. value was 0.00, there were significant with TB patients. Conclusion: significant changes in sputum sample associated smoker Patients with TB that requires further consideration.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2013

Infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been implicated in the aetiology of a variety of c... more Infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been implicated in the aetiology of a variety of cancers. Studies evaluating the presence of HPVs in breast cancer (BC) have generated considerable controversy. To date, most studies have focused on the presence of viral DNA in BC; however there are important gaps in evidencing the role of HPV persistence in the invasiveness of BC. While these studies have been conducted in several countries, none, on the presence and biological activity of high risk (HR) HPV in BC has been done in the UK. Hence, we aimed to investigate these gaps by screening a total of 110 fresh breast tissue specimens from UK patients for the presence of twelve HR-HPV types DNA using PCR and Sanger sequencing. Samples positive for HPV-DNA were screened for viral oncoprotein expression using western blot and dot blot. Data obtained showed the presence of HR-HPVs in 42% of breast tissues of which the viral activity was only confirmed in a number of invasive carcinomas (5/26). This finding, the first to report in the UK, suggests that the selective expression of viral oncoprotein in invasive cases may propose a role for HR-HPVs in the development of some types of BC. Breast cancer is one of the main health problems worldwide, and remains a leading cause of mortality in women 1,2. Over the last decade, breast cancer incidence rates have increased by around 20% worldwide and about 4% in the UK. Since the late 1970s, these incidence rates have increased by more than half (54%). According to Cancer Research UK, the UK incidence rate in 2013 was the sixth highest in Europe with 53 300 new breast cancer cases diagnosed in females 3. Although it is well-known that multiple risk factors are associated with breast cancer development, in most cases the initiating cause has not been identified. This has led to studies to identify new factors related to this neoplasia 1,4-6. Infectious agents have been implicated, as either direct carcinogens or promoters. In particular, Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are recognised as carcinogenic agents in breast cancer in humans 4,7. The HPVs belong to a large family of common viruses that infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelial surfaces (skin, genital) and cause both benign and malignant hyperproliferative lesions 8-10. Although about 90% of HPV infections are asymptomatic and are usually cleared spontaneously by the immune system within two years, albeit after a long delay period, persistence of HPV can cause progression to malignant disease in the presence of appropriate risk factors. For example, infection of the cervix with "high risk" HPV types 16 and 18 is the initiating event in 90% of cervical cancer cases 11-15. Long term viral persistence is necessary for malignancy 16 , and such persistence requires avoiding immune attack and clearance. We have previously shown that, like many viruses, HPV has several ways of subverting an effective immune response which may contribute to delaying or compromising clearance of HPV infections 17,18. Regardless, while the body is working to get the infection under control, the HPV can spread through sexual means and by skin to skin contact 15,19. High risk HPV types are regarded as the most important aetiological factor for cervical cancer 15,20. HPVs have also been found to cause close to half of all vaginal, penile, anal, and

Journal of pharmaceutical research international, Apr 13, 2024

Chronic dialysis is a life-saving treatment for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). How... more Chronic dialysis is a life-saving treatment for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, it comes with difficult challenges, cardiovascular ones being the most significant and fatal. Chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is also a common complication of chronic dialysis, as it has significant effects on growth and cardiovascular health. Infections are also a significant problem for those on chronic dialysis. The cost of dialysis and the lifestyle of Children with CKD are also not optimal, as they have a significantly lower Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) than children with other chronic illnesses. Children on chronic dialysis face several difficult challenges, which differ between peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD). Most of these challenges are manageable or preventable. This review article will discuss some of the challenges that children and their families encounter during chronic dialysis strategies to manage these challenges and the outcomes of long-term kidney dialysis.

Cureus, Nov 7, 2022

In this study, we aimed to assess cytological changes and p53 expression in oral mucosa among wat... more In this study, we aimed to assess cytological changes and p53 expression in oral mucosa among waterpipe users in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methodology A case-control study was conducted in KSA from January to October 2022. Two cytologic oral smear samples each were taken from 500 volunteers; 300 were waterpipe users (case) while 200 did not use a waterpipe (control). They were then stained using the Papanicolaou staining procedure and immunocytochemical method to show the expression of P53. Results The interpretation of the Papanicolaou staining outcomes showed the presence of four results with different proportions: inflammation, infection, atypia, and keratinization. Cytological inflammation was identified among 77/300 (25.6%) waterpipe smokers, which was higher than that among non-users (12/200, 6%). The reverse cytological infection and atypia were also higher in waterpipe smokers compared with controls (9% vs. 4.5% and 4.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), and keratinization was detected only in waterpipe users (3.6%) compared with controls. Waterpipe users had higher p53 protein expression than non-users. Conclusion Using a waterpipe is an effective way to change the oral mucosa. In atypia and keratinization, there was high p53 expression. These results could indicate that p53 is involved in both the change from normal to cancerous cells and the growth of new cells, but the presence or absence of p53 staining could not be used to predict the outcome of potentially cancerous oral mucosal lesions.

Medical science, Nov 20, 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect cytological changes and Ki-67 protein expression i... more Objective: The aim of this study was to detect cytological changes and Ki-67 protein expression in oral mucosa among water pipe users. Methodology: A case control study was study was carried out in Saudi Arabia from January to October 2022, two cytological oral smear samples were taken from 500 volunteers 300 were water pipe users (case) and 200 were normal individuals (control) and were stained using the Papanicolaou staining procedure and immunocytochemical method to show the expression of Ki-67. Result: Inflammation, infection, atypia and keratinization were interpreted from Papanicolaou stains. The prevalence of cytological inflammation was higher among water pipe smokers (77/300, 25.6%) than among non water pipe users (12/200, 6%). Reverse cytological infection and atypical were higher in water pipe smokers than in control, 9% versus 4.5% and 4.3% versus 0.5%, respectively, while keratinization was only identified in water pipe users (3.6%) versus control groups. The Ki-67 protein is expressed at a higher level in water pipe users compared to non users. Conclusion: The study results concluded that water pipe users had more atypical cells and more KI-67 protein expression in the oral mucosa as compared to their non water pipe users' counter parts.

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide: despite a reg... more Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide: despite a regular, although slow, decline in incidence over the last decade. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate cytological change of sputum in smoker patients with TB. Methodology: A total of 200 sputum samples (100smoker patients were ZN stain positive (case) and 100 patients were Zn negative). Data were collected by questionnaire and the collected sputum smear were subjected to Papanicolaou stain and microscopically analyzed for studying cytological alterations. Results: The cytological finding of the case groups was as follows 28% reported with chronic inflammatory changes, 64% micro nuclear changes, 8% metaplastic changes, P. value was 0.00, there were significant with TB patients. Conclusion: significant changes in sputum sample associated smoker Patients with TB that requires further consideration.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2013

Infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been implicated in the aetiology of a variety of c... more Infection by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been implicated in the aetiology of a variety of cancers. Studies evaluating the presence of HPVs in breast cancer (BC) have generated considerable controversy. To date, most studies have focused on the presence of viral DNA in BC; however there are important gaps in evidencing the role of HPV persistence in the invasiveness of BC. While these studies have been conducted in several countries, none, on the presence and biological activity of high risk (HR) HPV in BC has been done in the UK. Hence, we aimed to investigate these gaps by screening a total of 110 fresh breast tissue specimens from UK patients for the presence of twelve HR-HPV types DNA using PCR and Sanger sequencing. Samples positive for HPV-DNA were screened for viral oncoprotein expression using western blot and dot blot. Data obtained showed the presence of HR-HPVs in 42% of breast tissues of which the viral activity was only confirmed in a number of invasive carcinomas (5/26). This finding, the first to report in the UK, suggests that the selective expression of viral oncoprotein in invasive cases may propose a role for HR-HPVs in the development of some types of BC. Breast cancer is one of the main health problems worldwide, and remains a leading cause of mortality in women 1,2. Over the last decade, breast cancer incidence rates have increased by around 20% worldwide and about 4% in the UK. Since the late 1970s, these incidence rates have increased by more than half (54%). According to Cancer Research UK, the UK incidence rate in 2013 was the sixth highest in Europe with 53 300 new breast cancer cases diagnosed in females 3. Although it is well-known that multiple risk factors are associated with breast cancer development, in most cases the initiating cause has not been identified. This has led to studies to identify new factors related to this neoplasia 1,4-6. Infectious agents have been implicated, as either direct carcinogens or promoters. In particular, Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are recognised as carcinogenic agents in breast cancer in humans 4,7. The HPVs belong to a large family of common viruses that infect cutaneous and mucosal epithelial surfaces (skin, genital) and cause both benign and malignant hyperproliferative lesions 8-10. Although about 90% of HPV infections are asymptomatic and are usually cleared spontaneously by the immune system within two years, albeit after a long delay period, persistence of HPV can cause progression to malignant disease in the presence of appropriate risk factors. For example, infection of the cervix with "high risk" HPV types 16 and 18 is the initiating event in 90% of cervical cancer cases 11-15. Long term viral persistence is necessary for malignancy 16 , and such persistence requires avoiding immune attack and clearance. We have previously shown that, like many viruses, HPV has several ways of subverting an effective immune response which may contribute to delaying or compromising clearance of HPV infections 17,18. Regardless, while the body is working to get the infection under control, the HPV can spread through sexual means and by skin to skin contact 15,19. High risk HPV types are regarded as the most important aetiological factor for cervical cancer 15,20. HPVs have also been found to cause close to half of all vaginal, penile, anal, and