Fawad Khan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Fawad Khan

Future Generation Computer Systems

IEEE Access, 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnected devices that have the ability to monitor a... more Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnected devices that have the ability to monitor and transfer data to peers without human intervention. Authentication, Authorization and Audit Logs (AAA) are prime features of Network Security and easily attained in legacy systems, however, remains unachieved in IoT. The IoTs require due security considerations as the conventional security mechanisms are not optimized for such devices due to various aspects such as heterogeneity, resource constrained processing, storage and multiple factors. Additionally, the legacy systems are mostly centralized and thus introduce a single point of failure. In this research, a novel framework, FBASHI is presented that is based on fuzzy logic and blockchain technology to achieve AAA services. The proposed system is developed using Hyperledger that is a blockchain platform providing privacy and fast response capability, therefore, it is best suited for the healthcare IoT environments. This work proposes behavior driven adaptive security mechanism for healthcare IoTs and networks based on blockchain by utilizing fuzzy logic and presents a heuristic approach towards behavior driven adaptive security providing AAA services. FBASHI is implemented to analyze its security and practicality. Furthermore, a comparison is drawn with other blockchain-based solutions. INDEX TERMS Hyperledger, trust management, authentication, contextual access control, MFA. DECLARATIONS CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2022

2021 International Conference on Communication Technologies (ComTech), 2021

To bring comfort to human life, reliance on smart devices has increased exponentially. In this di... more To bring comfort to human life, reliance on smart devices has increased exponentially. In this digital era, millions of IoT devices are interconnected to store, process, and communicate information with each other. Nowadays, IoT devices are being used regularly in healthcare, education, agriculture, transportation, smart homes, smart cities, defense forces, etc. The use of these devices is, however, strained due to limited resources in terms of storage, computation, and processing. Therefore, resource-intensive encryption algorithms cannot be executed to ensure the security of information. To overcome the limitations, cloud computing as a resource-rich technology may be integrated with IoT devices for maximizing output and utility. However, many security concerns arise after the integration of cloud computing and IoT devices. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel approach i.e. NAC to provide strong access control and authorization mechanism for cloud-based IoT systems. A three-layered architecture i.e. IoT devices layer, Authentication layer, and Cloud computing layer have been presented. The NAC has been used on the authentication layer and cloud layer to enhance the security of a Cloud-based IoT system. Our proposed solution can minimize the chances of multiple attacks that are faced by cloud-based IoT systems.

Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, 2017

JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH, 2021

Pollen morphology of 10 different weedy bee foraged plants belong to 10 various families from Sou... more Pollen morphology of 10 different weedy bee foraged plants belong to 10 various families from Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were collected, identified and studied using light microscopy (LM). The plants were Asphodelus tenuifolius, Euphorbia helioscopia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Rhazya stricta, Datura innoxia, Eruca sativa, Convolvulus arvensis, Anagallis arvensis, Galium aparine, and Anethum graveolens. Slides for Light microscopic studies were prepared with the help of acetic acid, glycerin jelly and anthers of flowers. Pollen grain recorded ranged from monocolpate to hexacolporate and from psilate to echinate which were important systematic significance. Pollen size, shape, P/E ratio, exine thickness, number of colpi, number of pores, equatorial diameter, polar diameter, colpus width, colpus length, spines number, length and width of spines were examined with the help of light microscopy and all these values were analyzed statistically using software SPSS. This research provide a ...

Modern Physics Letters A, 2021

In this paper, we have adopted a new approach to study the Killing vector fields of locally rotat... more In this paper, we have adopted a new approach to study the Killing vector fields of locally rotationally symmetric and general Bianchi type I spacetimes. Instead of directly integrating the set of Killing’s equations, an algorithm is developed in Maple which converts these equations to the reduced involutive form (Rif) and consequently it imposes some restrictions on the metric functions in the form of a tree, known as Rif tree. The set of Killing’s equations is then solved for each branch of the Rif tree, giving the explicit form of the Killing vector fields. The structure of Lie algebra is presented for each set of the obtained Killing vector fields and some physical implications of the obtained metrics are discussed.

Journal of Biosystems Engineering, 2021

Small Methods, 2021

Fire has been giving rise to enormous loss of life and property worldwide annually. Early fire wa... more Fire has been giving rise to enormous loss of life and property worldwide annually. Early fire warning represents an active and effective means to avoid potential fire hazards before huge losses occur. Despite encouraging advances in early fire warning systems, to date there remains an urgent lack of the design of a durable, flexible, and universal early fire warning sensor for large-area practical applications. Herein, facile fabrication of a durable, flexible, large-scale early fire-warning sensor is demonstrated through constructing a hierarchical flame retardant nanocoating, composed of graphene oxide, poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), and hexagonal boron nitride, on cotton fabric in combination with the parallelly patterned conductive ink as built-in electrodes. As-designed large-scale sensor (>33 cm and extendable) exhibits a short alarming time of <3 s in response to external abnormal high temperature, heat, or fire. In addition to high washability, flexibility, resistance to abrasion and wear, this hierarchical nanocoating can self-extinguish, thus enabling the sensor to continue warning during fire. This work offers an inventive concept to develop a universal and large-scale very early fire-monitoring platform, which opens up new opportunities for their practical applications in effectively reducing fire-related casualties and economic losses.

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2020

and is considered to be an early communication for feedback before peer review. Before citing thi... more and is considered to be an early communication for feedback before peer review. Before citing this document, please check if a final, peer-reviewed version has been published. This document is not formatted, has not undergone copyediting or typesetting, and may contain errors, unsubstantiated scientific claims or preliminary data.

Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory, 2019

The experiment was conducted to determine the performance of DME combustion gas when used as a fu... more The experiment was conducted to determine the performance of DME combustion gas when used as a fuel for DME burner for raising temperature and CO 2 concentration in greenhouse and also to examine its effects on chlorophyll content, and fresh and dry weight of lettuce and Chinese cabbage. DME-1 and DME-2 treatments consisted of average DME flow quantity in duct were 17.4 m 3 min-1 and 10.2 m 3 min-1 respectively to greenhouse-1 and greenhouse-2 and no DME gas was supplied to greenhouse-3 which was left as control (DME-3). DME supply times were 0.5 hr day-1 , 1 hr day-1 , 1:30 hrs day-1 and 2 hrs day-1 on week 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively. Chlorophyll content and fresh and dry weight of lettuce and Chinese cabbage were measured for each treatment and analyzed through analysis of variance with a significance level of P<0.05. The result of the study showed that CO 2 concentration increased up to 265% and 174% and the level of temperature elevated 4.8 o C and 3.1 o C in greenhouse-1 and 2, respectively as compared to greenhouse-3 due to application of DME combustion gas. Although, the same crop management practices were provided in greenhouse-1, 2 and 3 at a same rate, the highest change (p<0.05) of chlorophyll content, fresh weight and dry weight were found from the DME-1 treatment, followed by DME-2. As a result, DME combustion gas that raised the level of temperature and CO 2 concentration in the greenhouse-1 and greenhouse-2, might have an effect on growth of lettuce and Chinese cabbage. At end of experiment, the highest fresh and dry weight of lettuce and Chinese cabbage were measured in greenhouse-1 and followed by greenhouse-2. Similarly chlorophyll content of greenhouse-1 and greenhouse-2 were more compared to greenhouse-3. In general, DME was not producing any harmful gas during its combustion period, therefore it can be used as an alternative to conventional fuel such as diesel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for both heating and CO 2 supply in winter season. Moreover, endorsed quantify of DME combustion gas for a specified crop can be applied to greenhouse to improve the plant growth and enhance yield.

Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, 2018

Modern Physics Letters A, 2018

Non-static spherically symmetric spacetimes with perfect fluid matter are considered and their ho... more Non-static spherically symmetric spacetimes with perfect fluid matter are considered and their homothetic Ricci collineations (HRCs) are investigated for degenerate as well as non-degenerate Ricci tensor. The present analysis shows that, for non-degenerate Ricci tensor, the possible number of HRCs admitted by these spacetimes is 5, 6 or 7, while they possess 4, 11 or otherwise infinite number of HRCs when the Ricci tensor is degenerate.

International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2017

In this paper, we present a classification of the Kantowski–Sachs spacetime metric according to i... more In this paper, we present a classification of the Kantowski–Sachs spacetime metric according to its conformal Ricci collineations (CRCs). Solving the CRC equations, it is shown that the Kantowski–Sachs metric admits 15-dimensional Lie algebra of CRCs when its Ricci tensor is non-degenerate and an infinite dimensional group of CRCs when the Ricci tensor is degenerate. Some examples of Kantowski–Sachs metric admitting nontrivial CRCs are presented and their physical interpretation is provided.

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010

BMC Infectious Diseases, 2011

Background Hepatitis B is an important public health problem in the Pakistani population and is t... more Background Hepatitis B is an important public health problem in the Pakistani population and is the major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. High prevalence of HBV infections has been observed especially in areas of low economic status. In spite of effective immunization programs, no significant change has been observed in the epidemiology of HBV in the rural areas of Pakistan (~67.5% of the total population) mainly due to lack of interest from government authorities and poor hygienic measures. The current study was aimed at estimating the prevalence and risk factors associated with HBV infection within internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to war against terrorism in the Malakand Division of Northern Pakistan. Methods Blood samples from 950 IDPs suspected with HBV infection (including both males and females) were collected and processed with commercial ELISA kits for HBsAg, Anti HBs, HBeAg, Anti HBe antibodies. The samples positive by EL...