Felipe Estrada - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Felipe Estrada

International Handbook of Juvenile Justice, 2006

Sociologisk Forskning

The declining gender gap in crime, observed in many Western countries, including Sweden, is often... more The declining gender gap in crime, observed in many Western countries, including Sweden, is often interpreted as showing an alarming shift in the offending of young women. Explanations to the observed pattern are often based on an assumption that women are increasingly coming to mimic the criminal behaviour of men, while we in this essay argue that to the extent behavioural change is at play, it is rather the other way around: men mimic women’s behaviour.

Feminist Criminology, 2012

In this article, we use a new and rich longitudinal data set, the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study, w... more In this article, we use a new and rich longitudinal data set, the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study, which allows us to follow a cohort of girls and boys until they reach 48 years of age. We study differences in the social background and adult living conditions among men and women with different experiences of involvement in crime. It is clear that the female cohort members who have been registered for crime have experienced more disadvantaged childhoods than the males registered for offending. The results also indicate that involvement in crime seems to cost more for females, in terms of social exclusion.

Deviant Behavior, 2018

The article explores the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective deprivation i... more The article explores the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective deprivation in early adolescence on the one hand, and criminal offending in adolescence and early adulthood on the other. Data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study (n = 15,117), containing information from surveys and registers are used. Bivariate analyses confirm a relationship between low socioeconomic status and both subjective and objective deprivation. Subjective deprivation alone is related to offending only for those from less privileged background. Subjective and objective deprivation in combination is associated with a higher risk of offending for all individuals, although the less privileged background, the higher the risk.

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

Football is one of the world's most popular sports, both when it comes to the number of playe... more Football is one of the world's most popular sports, both when it comes to the number of players involved in the game and the number of spectators or fans. A lot of attention has been drawn to the supporters' consumption of alcohol, most often in combination with violence. Less interest has been taken in the role and involvement of alcohol for the large number of supporters who do not become involved in violence. This study describes the role of alcohol for ordinary football supporters. What do fans drink and why? Our starting point is the research of supporter culture where we identify three important concepts for the understanding of fandom: masculinity, belonging and participation. We then analyze the importance of alcohol in relation to these concepts. Our empirical data consists of transcripts from four focus-group interviews with Swedish football supporters during the European Championship in Eindhoven 2000. Alcohol is a central part of the supporter culture. The suppor...

Nordic Journal of Criminology

This study investigates Swedish conviction trends by individuals' immigrant background for the pe... more This study investigates Swedish conviction trends by individuals' immigrant background for the period 1973-2017. The central research question is whether relative differences in conviction levels have increased, declined or remained unchanged over recent decades. This question is examined in part using a traditional crosssectional approach, and in part using a cohort-based approach. All results are presented by gender, and results for the cohort-based approach also by holding socioeconomic background constant. The results show that conviction levels have decreased, to a greater extent among men than among women, irrespective of immigrant background. The level of overrepresentation among those born in Sweden to foreign-born parents has increased somewhat, while the overrepresentation of those born abroad has decreased towards the end of the period examined.

Nordic Journal of Criminology

This article examines how women's crime has been reflected in crime statistics and media crime re... more This article examines how women's crime has been reflected in crime statistics and media crime reporting. We employ a long-term historical perspective, looking at developments from the beginning of the 20th century until the present. We describe the overarching processes that underlie the decline in the gender gap in convictions for theft and violent crime, respectively, at different times during the past century. The study also use a new data set comprised of newspaper articles on women's and men's offending published by the Swedish press between 1905 and 2015. We compare the trend in the number of articles focused on offences committed by women and men respectively, variations in the offence types that the daily press choose to report on and the overarching explanations for crime that are discussed in the articles. The results show that levels of coverage and the types of crime that attract media attention are strikingly similar for men and women, but throughout the whole period there is a greater need for the newspapers to find reasons for women's offending. Moreover, there has been no marked increase in the press focus on women's crime as women have comprised an increasing proportion of those convicted of criminal offences.

Actas Del Ii Symposium Internacional Sobre Justicia Juvenil Y Del I Congreso Europeo Sobre Programas De Cumplimiento De Medidas Judiciales Para Menores Vol 1 2008 Isbn 978 84 472 1133 3 Pags 23 32, 2008

The article studies inequalities in exposure to crime. The central question examined is that of w... more The article studies inequalities in exposure to crime. The central question examined is that of whether increased differences in living conditions are reflected in an increased inequality in the area of victimisation. The study shows that exposure to violent and theft crimes have followed different trends over the past twenty years for poorly-resourced and well-resourced groups respectively. The proportion experiencing victimisation, first and foremost in the form of violence and threats, but also to some extent in the form of residential burglaries, is significantly greater among the poor than among the rich. Furthermore, the difference between these two groups has become greater. While both those with mid-range and particularly high-incomes have experienced a stabilisation and even a reduction in levels of violence and residential thefts since the beginning of the 1990s, levels of victimisation have continued to rise among the poor. This increased concentration of crime to the more poorly-resourced segments of society is in part explained by changes in the composition of the different groups. During the period covered by the study, the poor have come increasingly to be comprised of demographic groups at high risk of victimisation. The principal pattern, i.e. that of an increase in the victimisation risk among the poor and of stable or reduced risk levels among the rich, remains however even when controls are included for group-composition. The analyses are based on data from Statistics Sweden's (SCB) surveys of living conditions, which ask a representative sample of the population about their living conditions and exposure to crime over the course of the past year.

Arbetsrapport, May 1, 2006

Reforma Judicial Revista Mexicana De Justicia, 2008

I rapporten beskrivs barns och ungas utsatthet for brott samt ungdomsbrottslighetens omfattning o... more I rapporten beskrivs barns och ungas utsatthet for brott samt ungdomsbrottslighetens omfattning och utveckling. Dessutom analyseras de demografiska och sociala bakgrundsfaktorerna bakom ungdomsbrot ...

An effective Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian, H-eff, is used to calculate the light ( u (u) over barg),... more An effective Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian, H-eff, is used to calculate the light ( u (u) over barg), strange ( s (s) over barg) and charmed (c (c) over barg) hybrid meson spectra. For the same two parameter H-eff providing glueball masses consistent with lattice results and a good description of the observed u, d, s and c quark mesons, a large-scale variational treatment predicts that the lightest hybrid has J(PC) = 0(++) and mass 2.1 GeV. The lightest exotic 1(-+) state is just above 2.2 GeV, near the upper limit of lattice and flux tube predictions. These theoretical formulations all indicate that the observed 1(-+) pi(1)(1600) and, more clearly, pi(1)(1400) are not hybrid states. The Coulomb gauge approach further predicts that in the strange and charmed sectors, respectively, the ground state hybrids have 1(+-) with masses 2.1 and 3.8 GeV, while the. rst exotic 1( +) states are at 2.4 and 4.0 GeV. Finally, using our hybrid wavefunctions and the Franck-Condon principle, a novel experimental signature is presented to assist heavy hybrid meson searches.

Trends in violence in Sweden In Scandinavia as in many other parts of Europe, violence constitute... more Trends in violence in Sweden In Scandinavia as in many other parts of Europe, violence constitutes an important focus for the public and political debate on crime. Much of what is said in the public debate, and done in the field of criminal policy, stems from a perception that violence is on the increase. This paper presents a new social indicator of trends in violence-Swedish hospital admissions resulting from acts of violence-and evaluates this measure in the light of more traditional indicators of violence-crime statistics, victim surveys and homicide statistics. The hospital data comprise 90,000 admissions from the years 1974-2002. The results show that admissions caused by violence are more numerous in the 1970s and 1990s and fewer in the 1980s. Nothing in the hospital data indicates an increase in hospital admissions resulting from serious violent incidents over this period. No increase is noted in either fractures or knife and gunshot wounds. Thus the continuous upward trend noted in crime statistics is not verified. Instead the hospital data serve to verify the more stable trends indicated by victim surveys and lethal violence statistics. 1 En kortare version av denna rapport kommer att publiceras på svenska i Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab samt är under bedömning för publicering i British Journal of Criminology.

International Handbook of Juvenile Justice, 2006

Sociologisk Forskning

The declining gender gap in crime, observed in many Western countries, including Sweden, is often... more The declining gender gap in crime, observed in many Western countries, including Sweden, is often interpreted as showing an alarming shift in the offending of young women. Explanations to the observed pattern are often based on an assumption that women are increasingly coming to mimic the criminal behaviour of men, while we in this essay argue that to the extent behavioural change is at play, it is rather the other way around: men mimic women’s behaviour.

Feminist Criminology, 2012

In this article, we use a new and rich longitudinal data set, the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study, w... more In this article, we use a new and rich longitudinal data set, the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study, which allows us to follow a cohort of girls and boys until they reach 48 years of age. We study differences in the social background and adult living conditions among men and women with different experiences of involvement in crime. It is clear that the female cohort members who have been registered for crime have experienced more disadvantaged childhoods than the males registered for offending. The results also indicate that involvement in crime seems to cost more for females, in terms of social exclusion.

Deviant Behavior, 2018

The article explores the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective deprivation i... more The article explores the longitudinal relationship between subjective and objective deprivation in early adolescence on the one hand, and criminal offending in adolescence and early adulthood on the other. Data from the Stockholm Birth Cohort Study (n = 15,117), containing information from surveys and registers are used. Bivariate analyses confirm a relationship between low socioeconomic status and both subjective and objective deprivation. Subjective deprivation alone is related to offending only for those from less privileged background. Subjective and objective deprivation in combination is associated with a higher risk of offending for all individuals, although the less privileged background, the higher the risk.

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

Football is one of the world's most popular sports, both when it comes to the number of playe... more Football is one of the world's most popular sports, both when it comes to the number of players involved in the game and the number of spectators or fans. A lot of attention has been drawn to the supporters' consumption of alcohol, most often in combination with violence. Less interest has been taken in the role and involvement of alcohol for the large number of supporters who do not become involved in violence. This study describes the role of alcohol for ordinary football supporters. What do fans drink and why? Our starting point is the research of supporter culture where we identify three important concepts for the understanding of fandom: masculinity, belonging and participation. We then analyze the importance of alcohol in relation to these concepts. Our empirical data consists of transcripts from four focus-group interviews with Swedish football supporters during the European Championship in Eindhoven 2000. Alcohol is a central part of the supporter culture. The suppor...

Nordic Journal of Criminology

This study investigates Swedish conviction trends by individuals' immigrant background for the pe... more This study investigates Swedish conviction trends by individuals' immigrant background for the period 1973-2017. The central research question is whether relative differences in conviction levels have increased, declined or remained unchanged over recent decades. This question is examined in part using a traditional crosssectional approach, and in part using a cohort-based approach. All results are presented by gender, and results for the cohort-based approach also by holding socioeconomic background constant. The results show that conviction levels have decreased, to a greater extent among men than among women, irrespective of immigrant background. The level of overrepresentation among those born in Sweden to foreign-born parents has increased somewhat, while the overrepresentation of those born abroad has decreased towards the end of the period examined.

Nordic Journal of Criminology

This article examines how women's crime has been reflected in crime statistics and media crime re... more This article examines how women's crime has been reflected in crime statistics and media crime reporting. We employ a long-term historical perspective, looking at developments from the beginning of the 20th century until the present. We describe the overarching processes that underlie the decline in the gender gap in convictions for theft and violent crime, respectively, at different times during the past century. The study also use a new data set comprised of newspaper articles on women's and men's offending published by the Swedish press between 1905 and 2015. We compare the trend in the number of articles focused on offences committed by women and men respectively, variations in the offence types that the daily press choose to report on and the overarching explanations for crime that are discussed in the articles. The results show that levels of coverage and the types of crime that attract media attention are strikingly similar for men and women, but throughout the whole period there is a greater need for the newspapers to find reasons for women's offending. Moreover, there has been no marked increase in the press focus on women's crime as women have comprised an increasing proportion of those convicted of criminal offences.

Actas Del Ii Symposium Internacional Sobre Justicia Juvenil Y Del I Congreso Europeo Sobre Programas De Cumplimiento De Medidas Judiciales Para Menores Vol 1 2008 Isbn 978 84 472 1133 3 Pags 23 32, 2008

The article studies inequalities in exposure to crime. The central question examined is that of w... more The article studies inequalities in exposure to crime. The central question examined is that of whether increased differences in living conditions are reflected in an increased inequality in the area of victimisation. The study shows that exposure to violent and theft crimes have followed different trends over the past twenty years for poorly-resourced and well-resourced groups respectively. The proportion experiencing victimisation, first and foremost in the form of violence and threats, but also to some extent in the form of residential burglaries, is significantly greater among the poor than among the rich. Furthermore, the difference between these two groups has become greater. While both those with mid-range and particularly high-incomes have experienced a stabilisation and even a reduction in levels of violence and residential thefts since the beginning of the 1990s, levels of victimisation have continued to rise among the poor. This increased concentration of crime to the more poorly-resourced segments of society is in part explained by changes in the composition of the different groups. During the period covered by the study, the poor have come increasingly to be comprised of demographic groups at high risk of victimisation. The principal pattern, i.e. that of an increase in the victimisation risk among the poor and of stable or reduced risk levels among the rich, remains however even when controls are included for group-composition. The analyses are based on data from Statistics Sweden's (SCB) surveys of living conditions, which ask a representative sample of the population about their living conditions and exposure to crime over the course of the past year.

Arbetsrapport, May 1, 2006

Reforma Judicial Revista Mexicana De Justicia, 2008

I rapporten beskrivs barns och ungas utsatthet for brott samt ungdomsbrottslighetens omfattning o... more I rapporten beskrivs barns och ungas utsatthet for brott samt ungdomsbrottslighetens omfattning och utveckling. Dessutom analyseras de demografiska och sociala bakgrundsfaktorerna bakom ungdomsbrot ...

An effective Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian, H-eff, is used to calculate the light ( u (u) over barg),... more An effective Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian, H-eff, is used to calculate the light ( u (u) over barg), strange ( s (s) over barg) and charmed (c (c) over barg) hybrid meson spectra. For the same two parameter H-eff providing glueball masses consistent with lattice results and a good description of the observed u, d, s and c quark mesons, a large-scale variational treatment predicts that the lightest hybrid has J(PC) = 0(++) and mass 2.1 GeV. The lightest exotic 1(-+) state is just above 2.2 GeV, near the upper limit of lattice and flux tube predictions. These theoretical formulations all indicate that the observed 1(-+) pi(1)(1600) and, more clearly, pi(1)(1400) are not hybrid states. The Coulomb gauge approach further predicts that in the strange and charmed sectors, respectively, the ground state hybrids have 1(+-) with masses 2.1 and 3.8 GeV, while the. rst exotic 1( +) states are at 2.4 and 4.0 GeV. Finally, using our hybrid wavefunctions and the Franck-Condon principle, a novel experimental signature is presented to assist heavy hybrid meson searches.

Trends in violence in Sweden In Scandinavia as in many other parts of Europe, violence constitute... more Trends in violence in Sweden In Scandinavia as in many other parts of Europe, violence constitutes an important focus for the public and political debate on crime. Much of what is said in the public debate, and done in the field of criminal policy, stems from a perception that violence is on the increase. This paper presents a new social indicator of trends in violence-Swedish hospital admissions resulting from acts of violence-and evaluates this measure in the light of more traditional indicators of violence-crime statistics, victim surveys and homicide statistics. The hospital data comprise 90,000 admissions from the years 1974-2002. The results show that admissions caused by violence are more numerous in the 1970s and 1990s and fewer in the 1980s. Nothing in the hospital data indicates an increase in hospital admissions resulting from serious violent incidents over this period. No increase is noted in either fractures or knife and gunshot wounds. Thus the continuous upward trend noted in crime statistics is not verified. Instead the hospital data serve to verify the more stable trends indicated by victim surveys and lethal violence statistics. 1 En kortare version av denna rapport kommer att publiceras på svenska i Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab samt är under bedömning för publicering i British Journal of Criminology.