Fidel Blanco-Macías - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Fidel Blanco-Macías
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2010
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2009
It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct... more It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct diagnosis and improvements of nutrient status of cultivated plants. Recognizing the need to develop correct nutritional standards, it is convenient to improve or to ensure the reliability of those already determined. Having in mind that aim, boundary-line approach standards were developed taking into account data acquired from a field experiment to study the effects of three fertilization treatments on yield of Opuntia ficus-indica L. The developed boundary-line approach standards were compared with already developed compositional nutrient diagnosis norms for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in one-year old cladodes, and cladodes fresh matter as yield in order to define correct nutrient standards. The developed boundary-line approach optimum nutrient concentrations (associated to estimated maximum yield) for Opuntia ficus-indica L. are: N = 1.42 %, P = 0.38 %, K = 4.55 %, Ca = 2.83 % and Mg = 1.41 %. Results suggest that boundary-line approach estimated standards could be trustful and that lower and upper concentrations of the boundary-line approach sufficiency nutrient ranges could be also reliable as well as those for compositional nutrient diagnosis norms.
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2003
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016
Agrofaz Publicacion Semestral De Investigacion Cientifica, 2003
... Blanco Macías1, Bernardo Murillo Amador2, José Luis García Hernández2, Raúl René Ruiz Garduño... more ... Blanco Macías1, Bernardo Murillo Amador2, José Luis García Hernández2, Raúl René Ruiz Garduño1, Miguel Márquez Madrid1, José Dimas López Martínez3, Juan Carlos Ledesma Mares1 y Francisco Javier Macías Rodríguez1 ... Esmeralda (Mondragón y Pimienta, 1990 ...
Mexico's state of Zacatecas were analyzed in order to identify their trends. In addition, we anal... more Mexico's state of Zacatecas were analyzed in order to identify their trends. In addition, we analyzed the power spectrum signals of evaporation anomaly series in order to identify their important frequencies and its possible connection with periodic phenomena. Results suggest that negative trends are prevailing over positive trends. We found negative linear trend for 27 out of 40 pan evaporation time series; 18 of the 27 decreasing trends were significant at p<0.05. On the other hand, 13 out of 40 pan evaporation trends were positive but only 3 at significant level (p<0.05). Moreover, noise in all of these monthly pan evaporation series tends to be a persistent behavior. Additionally, we found that important frequencies could be related with the yearly cycle, quasi-biannual cycle, 'El Niño Southern Oscillation' phenomena and sunspot cycle.
La hidroponía se ha venido instituyendo como una alternativa destacada para producir alimentos ya... more La hidroponía se ha venido instituyendo como una alternativa destacada para producir alimentos ya sea en las zonas rurales y/o urbanas. En la actualidad el crecimiento de la mancha urbana de las ciudades, ha estado provocando un decremento acelerado de los terrenos agrícolas, donde los ciudadanos de las mega-urbes, cada vez se están viendo orillados ha producir alimentos para su propio consumo, usando las áreas que tienen a su disposición. La producción agrícola en los poblados rurales, ha venido decreciendo debido al agotamiento y contaminación de los suelos. Lo anterior nos esta sugiriendo el uso de sistemas más sofisticados como los hidropónicos, donde estos sistemas no pueden ser afectados por la calidad del agua y/o contaminación del suelos, ajustándose a las áreas que se tengan disponibles para este efecto .
The appraisal of soil fertility and the assessment of plant mineral requirements are fundamental ... more The appraisal of soil fertility and the assessment of plant mineral requirements are fundamental for crop management. This study was conducted to determine nutrient norms and to identify significant nutrient interactions in nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica). Preliminary compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms were developed from a small database as means and standard deviations of row-centered log ratios (Vx) of five nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and a filling value, R, which comprises all nutrients not chemically analyzed and quantified in nopal plants. Preliminary CND norms are: * N V = -1.13336 ±0.0766, * P R V = 3.38281 ±0.0833. These norms qualify yields higher than 35 kg pl-1 (fresh matter of cladodes one- year old) registered in an experimental plot with a plant density of 10000 plants per hectare, and are associated to 0.97% N, 0.31% P, 4.47% K, 4.37% Ca, and 1.47% Mg. Four important nutrient interactions were evidenced through principal component analyses: Ca-Mg, Ca-N, Mg...
IV International Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, 2002
Frost is a serious abiotic stress affecting crops in the Chihuahuan desert. An unusually severe f... more Frost is a serious abiotic stress affecting crops in the Chihuahuan desert. An unusually severe frost occurred 11-14 December 1997, and caused serious injuries in Opuntia spp. commercial orchards for nochtli, tuna, or prickly-pear fruit production in Mexico's State of Zacatecas and at the Centro Regional Universitario of the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo germplasm collection. An evaluation of resistance to that frost was carried out in a collection of 73 varieties (five plants each) of Opuntia spp. in the germplasm bank. The percentage of dead cladodes (%DC) was measured in individual plants that were used as the experimental unit. Means and standard deviations (µ, ±σ) of the %DC are discussed. The varieties "Duraznillo" and "Tapón Aguanoso" were not affected by the freeze. The "Amarilla CE", "Amarilla SM", "Morada SM", "Camuezo" and "Zarquita" varieties were only slightly affected (0%DC to 10%DC) by the freeze, so these varieties, in combination with the "Tapón Aguanoso" and "Duraznillo" varieties, are the only varieties able to withstand cold temperatures without serious injury. In particular, the COPENA varieties were quite susceptible to freezing weather. These findings will be useful for Opuntia on crop research and genetic improvement programs.
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2014
Ekoloji, 2012
ABSTRACT There is little or no specific and concise information on the ecological conditions whic... more ABSTRACT There is little or no specific and concise information on the ecological conditions which constrain distribution, abundance, and density of Dasylirion cedrosanum Trelease keeping in mind that such knowledge is indispensable to promote and support plantations and reforestation programs in order to confront the consequences of a possible depletion of natural populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate D. cedrosanum density as related to ecological factors such as latitude, longitude, altitude, slope, soil texture fractions, pH, electric conductivity, available nitrogen and phosphorus contents, and organic matter content on a xerophytic scrub in the northeast of the Mexico's state of Zacatecas. Data from 41 square shaped sampling units of 1.000 m(2) each from an area of 2.422.2 ha where altitude varies from 2.000 to 2.356 masl, and slope inclination changes from moderate (5.5%) to steep (44.2%) was analyzed through linear relationships, quadratic functions, and principal components analysis. Results provide compelling evidence about D. cedrosanum density depends on elevation, inclination, and soil silt and sand contents. A triangular-shaped dispersion of observations when density is plotted against each soil, silt or sand, contents was appreciated. A significant humped trend suggest that sites having slopes around 20%, although it could be in the 10 to 30% slope range, provides a better habitat for this species. D. cedrosanum plants are scarcer, that is, present at low and minimum densities (< 259 plants ha(-1)) in the sampled units characterized by high slopes and elevations, and more sandy soils.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2013
ABSTRACT Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis technique involves a yield target for discriminating be... more ABSTRACT Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis technique involves a yield target for discriminating between high- and low-yield subpopulations when developing norms. Traditionally, this yield value is estimated by finding the inflection point of the cumulative variance ratio function versus yield relationship through a third-order equation. However, yield targets frequently lie outside of the experimental yield range. A comparison among traditional (unrestricted) and restricted cubic model, and restricted and unrestricted Boltzmann equations was performed using a database (n = 360) of fresh matter yield and nutrient concentrations in one–year old cladodes of OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA L. The unrestricted Boltzmann equation resulted to have the best goodness-of-fit. The yield target was 27.01 kg plant−1 associated to the unrestricted Boltzmann equation for phosphorus cumulative variance ratio function versus yield relationship. Proposed nutrient optimum concentrations are: 11.4 g kg−1 for nitrogen (N), 3.4 g kg−1 for phosphorus (P), 42.3 g kg−1 for potassium (K), 42.5 g kg−1 for calcium (Ca), and 16.2 g kg−1 for magnesium (Mg).
Journal of the …, 2005
2Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Centro Regional Universitario Centro-Norte, MCDRR. Apdo. Postal 1... more 2Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Centro Regional Universitario Centro-Norte, MCDRR. Apdo. Postal 196, CP 98001, Zacatecas, Zac. México Fax No. +52 492 9246147. E-mail: vacrida@hotmail.com Guest Researcher at the Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, ...
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2010
Page 1. XXX Ciclo de Seminarios de Posgrado e Investigación División de Estudios de Posgrado e In... more Page 1. XXX Ciclo de Seminarios de Posgrado e Investigación División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Junio 2009 19 Normas Nutrimentales de la Técnica de Curva Límite para Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) FIDEL ...
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2009
It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct... more It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct diagnosis and improvements of nutrient status of cultivated plants. Recognizing the need to develop correct nutritional standards, it is convenient to improve or to ensure the reliability of those already determined. Having in mind that aim, boundary-line approach standards were developed taking into account data acquired from a field experiment to study the effects of three fertilization treatments on yield of Opuntia ficus-indica L. The developed boundary-line approach standards were compared with already developed compositional nutrient diagnosis norms for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in one-year old cladodes, and cladodes fresh matter as yield in order to define correct nutrient standards. The developed boundary-line approach optimum nutrient concentrations (associated to estimated maximum yield) for Opuntia ficus-indica L. are: N = 1.42 %, P = 0.38 %, K = 4.55 %, Ca = 2.83 % and Mg = 1.41 %. Results suggest that boundary-line approach estimated standards could be trustful and that lower and upper concentrations of the boundary-line approach sufficiency nutrient ranges could be also reliable as well as those for compositional nutrient diagnosis norms. ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS: plant nutrition, CND norms, BLA standards. COMPARACIÓN ENTRE NORMAS DNC Y ESTÁNDARES NUTRIMENTALES DE LA TÉCNICA DE CURVA LÍMITE: CASO Opuntia ficus-indica L.
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2010
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2009
It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct... more It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct diagnosis and improvements of nutrient status of cultivated plants. Recognizing the need to develop correct nutritional standards, it is convenient to improve or to ensure the reliability of those already determined. Having in mind that aim, boundary-line approach standards were developed taking into account data acquired from a field experiment to study the effects of three fertilization treatments on yield of Opuntia ficus-indica L. The developed boundary-line approach standards were compared with already developed compositional nutrient diagnosis norms for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in one-year old cladodes, and cladodes fresh matter as yield in order to define correct nutrient standards. The developed boundary-line approach optimum nutrient concentrations (associated to estimated maximum yield) for Opuntia ficus-indica L. are: N = 1.42 %, P = 0.38 %, K = 4.55 %, Ca = 2.83 % and Mg = 1.41 %. Results suggest that boundary-line approach estimated standards could be trustful and that lower and upper concentrations of the boundary-line approach sufficiency nutrient ranges could be also reliable as well as those for compositional nutrient diagnosis norms.
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2003
Scientia Horticulturae, 2016
Agrofaz Publicacion Semestral De Investigacion Cientifica, 2003
... Blanco Macías1, Bernardo Murillo Amador2, José Luis García Hernández2, Raúl René Ruiz Garduño... more ... Blanco Macías1, Bernardo Murillo Amador2, José Luis García Hernández2, Raúl René Ruiz Garduño1, Miguel Márquez Madrid1, José Dimas López Martínez3, Juan Carlos Ledesma Mares1 y Francisco Javier Macías Rodríguez1 ... Esmeralda (Mondragón y Pimienta, 1990 ...
Mexico's state of Zacatecas were analyzed in order to identify their trends. In addition, we anal... more Mexico's state of Zacatecas were analyzed in order to identify their trends. In addition, we analyzed the power spectrum signals of evaporation anomaly series in order to identify their important frequencies and its possible connection with periodic phenomena. Results suggest that negative trends are prevailing over positive trends. We found negative linear trend for 27 out of 40 pan evaporation time series; 18 of the 27 decreasing trends were significant at p<0.05. On the other hand, 13 out of 40 pan evaporation trends were positive but only 3 at significant level (p<0.05). Moreover, noise in all of these monthly pan evaporation series tends to be a persistent behavior. Additionally, we found that important frequencies could be related with the yearly cycle, quasi-biannual cycle, 'El Niño Southern Oscillation' phenomena and sunspot cycle.
La hidroponía se ha venido instituyendo como una alternativa destacada para producir alimentos ya... more La hidroponía se ha venido instituyendo como una alternativa destacada para producir alimentos ya sea en las zonas rurales y/o urbanas. En la actualidad el crecimiento de la mancha urbana de las ciudades, ha estado provocando un decremento acelerado de los terrenos agrícolas, donde los ciudadanos de las mega-urbes, cada vez se están viendo orillados ha producir alimentos para su propio consumo, usando las áreas que tienen a su disposición. La producción agrícola en los poblados rurales, ha venido decreciendo debido al agotamiento y contaminación de los suelos. Lo anterior nos esta sugiriendo el uso de sistemas más sofisticados como los hidropónicos, donde estos sistemas no pueden ser afectados por la calidad del agua y/o contaminación del suelos, ajustándose a las áreas que se tengan disponibles para este efecto .
The appraisal of soil fertility and the assessment of plant mineral requirements are fundamental ... more The appraisal of soil fertility and the assessment of plant mineral requirements are fundamental for crop management. This study was conducted to determine nutrient norms and to identify significant nutrient interactions in nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica). Preliminary compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms were developed from a small database as means and standard deviations of row-centered log ratios (Vx) of five nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and a filling value, R, which comprises all nutrients not chemically analyzed and quantified in nopal plants. Preliminary CND norms are: * N V = -1.13336 ±0.0766, * P R V = 3.38281 ±0.0833. These norms qualify yields higher than 35 kg pl-1 (fresh matter of cladodes one- year old) registered in an experimental plot with a plant density of 10000 plants per hectare, and are associated to 0.97% N, 0.31% P, 4.47% K, 4.37% Ca, and 1.47% Mg. Four important nutrient interactions were evidenced through principal component analyses: Ca-Mg, Ca-N, Mg...
IV International Congress on Cactus Pear and Cochineal, 2002
Frost is a serious abiotic stress affecting crops in the Chihuahuan desert. An unusually severe f... more Frost is a serious abiotic stress affecting crops in the Chihuahuan desert. An unusually severe frost occurred 11-14 December 1997, and caused serious injuries in Opuntia spp. commercial orchards for nochtli, tuna, or prickly-pear fruit production in Mexico's State of Zacatecas and at the Centro Regional Universitario of the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo germplasm collection. An evaluation of resistance to that frost was carried out in a collection of 73 varieties (five plants each) of Opuntia spp. in the germplasm bank. The percentage of dead cladodes (%DC) was measured in individual plants that were used as the experimental unit. Means and standard deviations (µ, ±σ) of the %DC are discussed. The varieties "Duraznillo" and "Tapón Aguanoso" were not affected by the freeze. The "Amarilla CE", "Amarilla SM", "Morada SM", "Camuezo" and "Zarquita" varieties were only slightly affected (0%DC to 10%DC) by the freeze, so these varieties, in combination with the "Tapón Aguanoso" and "Duraznillo" varieties, are the only varieties able to withstand cold temperatures without serious injury. In particular, the COPENA varieties were quite susceptible to freezing weather. These findings will be useful for Opuntia on crop research and genetic improvement programs.
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2014
Ekoloji, 2012
ABSTRACT There is little or no specific and concise information on the ecological conditions whic... more ABSTRACT There is little or no specific and concise information on the ecological conditions which constrain distribution, abundance, and density of Dasylirion cedrosanum Trelease keeping in mind that such knowledge is indispensable to promote and support plantations and reforestation programs in order to confront the consequences of a possible depletion of natural populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate D. cedrosanum density as related to ecological factors such as latitude, longitude, altitude, slope, soil texture fractions, pH, electric conductivity, available nitrogen and phosphorus contents, and organic matter content on a xerophytic scrub in the northeast of the Mexico's state of Zacatecas. Data from 41 square shaped sampling units of 1.000 m(2) each from an area of 2.422.2 ha where altitude varies from 2.000 to 2.356 masl, and slope inclination changes from moderate (5.5%) to steep (44.2%) was analyzed through linear relationships, quadratic functions, and principal components analysis. Results provide compelling evidence about D. cedrosanum density depends on elevation, inclination, and soil silt and sand contents. A triangular-shaped dispersion of observations when density is plotted against each soil, silt or sand, contents was appreciated. A significant humped trend suggest that sites having slopes around 20%, although it could be in the 10 to 30% slope range, provides a better habitat for this species. D. cedrosanum plants are scarcer, that is, present at low and minimum densities (< 259 plants ha(-1)) in the sampled units characterized by high slopes and elevations, and more sandy soils.
Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2013
ABSTRACT Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis technique involves a yield target for discriminating be... more ABSTRACT Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis technique involves a yield target for discriminating between high- and low-yield subpopulations when developing norms. Traditionally, this yield value is estimated by finding the inflection point of the cumulative variance ratio function versus yield relationship through a third-order equation. However, yield targets frequently lie outside of the experimental yield range. A comparison among traditional (unrestricted) and restricted cubic model, and restricted and unrestricted Boltzmann equations was performed using a database (n = 360) of fresh matter yield and nutrient concentrations in one–year old cladodes of OPUNTIA FICUS-INDICA L. The unrestricted Boltzmann equation resulted to have the best goodness-of-fit. The yield target was 27.01 kg plant−1 associated to the unrestricted Boltzmann equation for phosphorus cumulative variance ratio function versus yield relationship. Proposed nutrient optimum concentrations are: 11.4 g kg−1 for nitrogen (N), 3.4 g kg−1 for phosphorus (P), 42.3 g kg−1 for potassium (K), 42.5 g kg−1 for calcium (Ca), and 16.2 g kg−1 for magnesium (Mg).
Journal of the …, 2005
2Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Centro Regional Universitario Centro-Norte, MCDRR. Apdo. Postal 1... more 2Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Centro Regional Universitario Centro-Norte, MCDRR. Apdo. Postal 196, CP 98001, Zacatecas, Zac. México Fax No. +52 492 9246147. E-mail: vacrida@hotmail.com Guest Researcher at the Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, ...
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2010
Page 1. XXX Ciclo de Seminarios de Posgrado e Investigación División de Estudios de Posgrado e In... more Page 1. XXX Ciclo de Seminarios de Posgrado e Investigación División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación Junio 2009 19 Normas Nutrimentales de la Técnica de Curva Límite para Nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) FIDEL ...
Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 2009
It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct... more It is a need to know optimum concentrations and/or optimum ranges of nutrients useful for correct diagnosis and improvements of nutrient status of cultivated plants. Recognizing the need to develop correct nutritional standards, it is convenient to improve or to ensure the reliability of those already determined. Having in mind that aim, boundary-line approach standards were developed taking into account data acquired from a field experiment to study the effects of three fertilization treatments on yield of Opuntia ficus-indica L. The developed boundary-line approach standards were compared with already developed compositional nutrient diagnosis norms for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in one-year old cladodes, and cladodes fresh matter as yield in order to define correct nutrient standards. The developed boundary-line approach optimum nutrient concentrations (associated to estimated maximum yield) for Opuntia ficus-indica L. are: N = 1.42 %, P = 0.38 %, K = 4.55 %, Ca = 2.83 % and Mg = 1.41 %. Results suggest that boundary-line approach estimated standards could be trustful and that lower and upper concentrations of the boundary-line approach sufficiency nutrient ranges could be also reliable as well as those for compositional nutrient diagnosis norms. ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS: plant nutrition, CND norms, BLA standards. COMPARACIÓN ENTRE NORMAS DNC Y ESTÁNDARES NUTRIMENTALES DE LA TÉCNICA DE CURVA LÍMITE: CASO Opuntia ficus-indica L.